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1.
火车创伤2000例分析   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
张天增 《创伤杂志》1989,5(3):139-141
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2.
腹部闭合性创伤并发小肠损伤51例分析天津医科大学总医院普外科(天津300052)李西达王鹏志单纯小肠损伤的腹部闭合性创伤,临床不少见,腹膜炎的预后较差,应早期诊断和治疗。本文结合有关文献,对51例患者分析如下。1临床资料本文收集了1985~1994年...  相似文献   

3.
下肢骨损伤早期用关节活动器对功能恢复的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
将136例下肢骨损伤病人随机分为观察组和对照组各68例,对照组进行一般肌肉舒缩锻炼,观察组在一般运动锻炼的基础上,手术3—7d后应用下肢关节被动活动器(CPM)进行功能锻炼,根据关节伸屈范围恢复的情况评价两组病人关节功能恢复情况。结果观察组关节功能恢复优良率为91.2%,对照组为51.5%,两组疗效差异有极显著性意义(P<0.01)。提示早期应用CPM进行被动关节运动可促进关节功能的恢复。  相似文献   

4.
《实用骨科杂志》2006,12(6):576-576
《骨与关节损伤》是一部优秀的骨科专,在国内骨科界有着广泛的影响,受到广大临床同仁的高度赞誉,昵称为“骨科白皮书”。迄今为止,共累计版次3版,印数超过7万册。此书第3版荣获了2001年全国优秀畅销书奖,2003年第十一届全国优秀科技图书二等奖,并于2003年初评入选第六届国家图书奖。这部专内容丰富,条理清晰,图并茂,论述深入,为我国创伤骨科医师队伍的全面成长,已经并将继续发挥着有益的作用。一些医疗教学单位已将其列为必读参考书,甚至作为研究生考试列题和评分的依据。  相似文献   

5.
《骨与关节损伤》是一部优秀的骨科专著,在国内骨科界有着广泛的影响,受到广大临床同仁的高度赞誉,呢称为“骨科白皮书”。迄今为止,共累计版次3版,印数超过7万册。此书第3版荣获2001年全国优秀畅销书奖,2003年第十一届全国优秀科技图书二等奖,并于2003年初评入选第六届国家图书奖。这部专著内容丰富,条理清晰,图文并茂,论述深入,为我国创伤骨科医师队伍的全面成长发挥并将继续发挥着有益的作用。一些医疗教学单位已将其列为必读参考书,甚至作为研究生考试列题和评分依据。  相似文献   

6.
关节软骨损伤和缺损修复策略   总被引:4,自引:4,他引:0  
潘育松  丁国新  王静 《中国骨伤》2013,26(2):175-178
关节软骨的损伤是临床中常见的疾病。由于关节软骨自身修复能力有限,采用关节镜下清创术、软骨移植、软骨细胞移植、组织工程技术及凝胶类关节软骨修复材料是目前对关节软骨损伤进行修复的主要手段。本文对目前用于关节软骨损伤和缺损修复的主要策略及各类修复技术的优缺点进行了综合评述。关节镜下清创术对早期骨性关节炎疗效显著;软骨及软骨细胞移植对小面积软骨缺损修复效果较为理想;组织工程技术是目前对关节软骨损伤和缺损修复的一个热点方向,但存在支架材料与软骨缺损区整合不紧密等问题;凝胶类关节软骨修复材料具有与自然关节软骨相似的力学和生物摩擦学特性,但其生物活性及与自然关节软骨间的结合强度有待进一步提高,如何实现材料生物活性、生物力学性能和生物摩擦学性能功能一体化是凝胶类关节软骨修复材料亟待解决的焦点问题。  相似文献   

7.
关节软骨损伤修复的动物模型   总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2  
关节软骨属于透明软骨,组织代谢活性较低,创伤和手术等所致的软骨损伤或缺损难以自我修复或以纤维软骨、纤维组织所填充替代。为了重建软骨表面.恢复关节功能,人们通常采用各种动物,模拟临床实际情况进行研究,并取得了一定的进展。但动物实验结果常常难以重复。或难以应用到临床。  相似文献   

8.
关节软骨损伤生物学修复的研究进展   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
代岭辉  杜宁 《中国骨伤》2009,22(9):721-724
随着社会的现代化进程和人口的老龄化,由于外伤和退变引起的关节软骨损伤患者显著增多,为此如何解决关节软骨修复的问题日益显得重要。本文主要对关节软骨损伤的生物愈合与再生的研究进展做一综述。  相似文献   

9.
陈建良  张龙君  叶锋  郑晓东  王晓  许勇 《中国骨伤》2011,24(10):869-872
目的:探讨跖跗关节复合体(TJC)损伤的诊治方法。方法:2007年1月至2009年12月采用切开复位内固定治疗16例跖跗关节复合体损伤,男12例,女4例;年龄21~45岁,平均34.1岁,均为闭合性损伤。左侧7例,右侧9例,均为直接暴力所伤,其中交通伤4例,高处坠落伤5例,挤压伤7例。楔骨间脱位11例,舟楔关节脱位3例,骰骨骨折2例。跖跗关节损伤均为三柱损伤。根据手术探查和稳定性破坏情况,通常跗骨间关节,内侧、中间柱跖跗关节用螺钉固定,外侧柱用克氏针固定,对跖骨基底部粉碎性骨折和骰骨压缩性骨折等用跨关节微型钢板固定以达到解剖复位、有效固定。采用美国足踝外科协会(AOFAS)中足评分标准从疼痛、功能、对线方面进行临床评估。结果:所有患者均获得随访,时间6~18个月,平均12.6个月。按AOFAS评分:疼痛为(29.3±5.9)分,功能为(32.4±5.6)分,对线为(12.9±2.6)分,总分为(74.6±10.4)分。所有切口均Ⅰ期愈合,未见皮肤坏死,感染,钢板螺钉松动、断裂等并发症。3例患者因后期出现骨性关节炎,疼痛明显,行走困难,Ⅱ期行关节融合术。4例患者影像学表现为骨性关节炎,但临床症状(疼痛)较轻,继续观察随访。结论:解剖复位有效稳定内固定是治疗跖跗关节复合体损伤的关键要素,Ⅰ期切开复位内固定有利于Ⅱ期融合手术。  相似文献   

10.
手部关节损伤的治疗   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
目的 通过对手部关节损伤治疗方法的对比和随访观察,总结出各种方法的优缺点,并指出相对较好的治疗方法。方法 1980~2002年对手部关节损伤进行各种手术治疗,通过观察病人术后关节的活动度、肿胀、疼痛、畸形及捏力的改善等项目,评价哪种方法相对更好。结果 通过对各种数据的测量比较,特别是关节活动度的改善情况,认为人工关节置换是所有治疗方法中相对最好的。结论 尽管人工关节置换也有不少缺点,但随着新材料的不断应用和设计的不断改进,其治疗效果将越来越好。  相似文献   

11.
多发性骨关节损伤有较高的死亡率和病残率,且由于我国交通、工业等的发展其发生率日益增高,故值得重视,对1998年1月-2003年6月处理的42例多发性骨关节损伤病例进行总结分析如下。  相似文献   

12.
交通伤致四肢脊柱骨折的治疗   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
道路交通伤中四肢脊柱骨折的发生率较高,可由多种致伤机制所致,其中以碰撞最为常见。道路交通伤中的骨折病例呈“离心”分布,多发性骨折、同侧肢体损伤和传导暴力损伤多见。交通伤的急救,首先应处理危及生命的严重合并伤与并发症,在全身情况稳定的情况下,积极处理开放性损伤与骨折。交通伤所致的骨折患者,特别是全身情况差及老年患者,采用外固定器、特别是单侧外固定器治疗是较理想的选择;应用带锁髓内钉治疗长管状骨骨折也取得了较满意的疗效。交通伤所致的骨盆骨折,早期可采用外固定器治疗,同时积极处理骨盆骨折所引起的大出血,对C型骨盆骨折待生命体征稳定后应尽早改用内固定。交通伤所致的脊柱脊髓损伤,钛合金是首选的置入材料,通常颈椎骨折宜采用颈前路钢板螺钉固定融合术,胸腰椎骨折脱位多主张经椎弓根螺钉后路固定术。  相似文献   

13.
人工关节外科新进展   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
人工髋膝关节置换经过40多年的发展,目前已经成为治疗严重髋膝关节病变的有效手术方法而广泛开展。现在骨水泥技术增加全髋假体的稳定性,全髋关节置换术后假体磨损仍是影响疗效的一个重要原因,随着材料配方和制作工艺的改进,新型金属-金属假体的磨损率较低,微创小切口技术开始用于全髋置换术。人工膝关节置换髋臼全髁假体设计改进上有活动载荷假体(如LCS假体),高屈曲度假体(屈曲150^。),单髁关节置换适用于下肢力线良好的单间室骨性关节炎或骨坏死的患者,计算机辅助手术技术的应用使手术更精确完善。  相似文献   

14.

Introduction

Combined burn trauma is rather uncommon and frequently difficult to manage. Historically combined burn trauma contributed to high mortality rates in severely injured patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence, mechanisms and impact of non-thermal injuries in patients with severe burns.

Methods

The charts of 2536 patients admitted to the Burn Center of the University Hospital Zurich between 1977 and 2013 were reviewed and retrospectively analyzed. Patients with additional injuries were identified and analyzed statistically.

Results

Over 35 years from 1977 to 2013 a total of 100 burn patients (3.9%) with additional trauma were identified. Motor vehicle crash was the most common mechanism of injury (44%) from 1977 to 1995, compared to electrical injury (33%) from 1996 to 2013. Skeletal trauma including spinal and pelvic injury was the most common form (71%). Additional thoracic or abdominal trauma represented the highest risk factor for in-hospital mortality (adjusted RR 2.2, 95% CI 0.6–7.6). However, after 1995 the presence of any form of additional injury did not have a significant impact on in-hospital mortality (unadjusted RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.5–1.7, p?=?0.914).

Conclusions

Concomitant trauma did not reveal a significant impact on in-hospital mortality in our burn center recently. Retrospectively, trauma mechanisms shifted from motor vehicle crashes to electrical injuries in our population. Safety measures for motor vehicles and adequate emergency room algorithms seem to have contributed to a reduction of severity of injury and mortality.  相似文献   

15.
Primary brain stem lesions caused by closed head injuries   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
Traumatic lesions of the brain stem are of two types: primary, which are considered to be caused at the moment of impact, and secondary, associated with supratentorial mass lesion. Of the 239 patients with a serious head injury who showed a severe disturbance of consciousness upon admisision and who had CT scan carried out immediately, 21 cases were considered to have a primary brain stem lesion with initial CT scan. A primary brain stem lesion was found in 21 of 239 (8.8%) of patients with serious head injury. Their injuries were caused primarily by traffic accidents. Sixteen of the 21 cases showed not only brain stem lesions but also other brain injuries such as cerebral contusion of the white and gray matter, callosal injury, intraventricular hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage, which are considered to be caused by a diffuse shearing injury. Five cases who showed a single injury to the brain stem with no other brain lesions were considered to have a pure brain stem lesion. Primary brain stem lesions were observed on the dorsal side of the midbrain, where they can be differentiated from secondary brain stem lesions. These lesions are considered to result from the shearing mechanism in and around the brain stem very close to the tentorial edge, or to an injury of the lower brain stem by hyperextension of the cervical vertebrae. The prognosis of patients with a primary brain stem lesion was usually unfavorable, except in those with a single brain stem lesion.  相似文献   

16.
道路交通伤研究进展   总被引:34,自引:2,他引:32  
目前全球每年因车祸死亡的人数已超过100万,伤1500万。道路交通伤的发生有不断增多趋势,且死伤者以青少年居多,多发伤居多。事故原因主要为人的因素,24岁以下年轻人与70岁以上老年人多发,有一定的事故倾向。粘性标准可作为最有效的伤情指数。综合治理,加强交通安全的研究、管理与教育,健全医疗服务系统,加强创伤急救,缩短急救反应时间是减少交通事故、降低死亡率的必要措施。  相似文献   

17.
837例住院交通伤所致骨折分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的 探讨道路交通伤所致骨折的流行病学特点。方法 回顾分析我院1997年1月~2001年12月救治837例道路交通伤所致骨折的病例。结果 道路交通伤所致骨折837例,死亡8例;中青年男性占受伤患的58.7%;机动车是造成人员伤亡的主要原因,占84.6%;骨折部位以下肢最为常见,占41.5%;每年1~2月和7~10月有两个高峰时间分布;治疗方法以手术治疗为主。结论 车祸常累及中青年男性,致伤原因多与机动车有关,下肢骨折最常见。  相似文献   

18.
目的总结小儿手部严重鞭炮炸伤显微外科修复的经验。方法26例均采用显微外科方法进行处理,急诊一期修复23例,延迟修复3例,临床上根据不同的伤情采用不同的手术方法。结果本组再造拇指及移植皮瓣均成活,伤口均Ⅰ期愈合;断指再植9例11指,成活7例9指,失败2例2指。经2年随访,手部外形及生长发育正常,对掌对指功能良好。结论在小儿手部严重爆炸伤时应尽早采用显微外科方法进行修复与重建,同时术前选择合适的修复与重建方案对于手术后效果也是非常重要的。  相似文献   

19.
BACKGROUND: Recent reports have argued that screening for blunt carotid injury is futile and have called for a cost analysis. Our data previously supported screening asymptomatic trauma patients for blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI) to prevent associated neurologic sequelae. Our hypothesis is that aggressive angiographic screening for BCVI based on a patient's injury pattern and symptoms allows for early diagnosis and treatment and is cost-effective because it prevents ischemic neurological events (INEs). METHODS: Beginning in January 1996, we began comprehensive screening using 4-vessel cerebrovascular angiography based on injury patterns; these patients have been followed-up prospectively. Patients without contraindications received antithrombotic therapy immediately for documented BCVI. RESULTS: From January 1996 through June 2004, there were 15,767 blunt-trauma patient admissions to our state-designated level I urban trauma center, of which 727 patients underwent screening angiography. Twenty-one patients presented with signs or symptoms of neurologic ischemia before diagnosis. BCVI was identified in 244 patients (34% screening yield); the majority were men (68%) with a mean age of 35 +/- 3.7 years and mean Injury Severity Score of 28 +/- 3.8. Asymptomatic patients (n = 187) were treated (heparin in 117, low molecular-weight heparin in 11, and antiplatelet in 59); 1 patient had a stroke (0.5%). Using estimated stroke rate by grade of injury, we averted neurologic events in 32 asymptomatic patients with antithrombotic treatment. Of the 48 asymptomatic patients who did not receive adequate anticoagulation, 10 (21%) had an INE. Patients with BCVI-related neurologic events had a statistically higher percentage requiring discharge to rehabilitation facilities (50% vs. 77% for carotid artery injury [CAI]), a higher percentage requiring rehabilitation for BCVI-related stroke (0% vs. 55% for CAI), and a higher stroke-related mortality rate (0% vs. 21% for CAI and 0% vs. 17% for vertebral artery injury) than those without neurologic events. CONCLUSIONS: The cost of long-term rehabilitation care and human life after BCVI-associated neurologic events is substantial. Surgeons caring for the multiply injured should screen for carotid and vertebral artery injuries in high-risk patients.  相似文献   

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