经皮穿刺颈椎间盘切吸术治疗颈椎间盘突出症

目的：对经皮椎间盘切吸术治疗颈椎间盘突出症进行探讨。方法：通过经皮颈椎间盘切吸技术对10例颈椎间盘突出的病人进行治疗，以证实颈前区经皮穿刺插管的安全路径，并进行疗效评价。结果：10例治疗观察，均获有效其中优良率为80％，无并发症发生。结论：经歧穿刺颈椎间盘切吸术是治疗颈椎间盘突出征的有效方法。     

前径路经皮穿刺椎间盘摘除、切吸术治疗腰5骶1椎间盘突出症

腰椎间盘突出症是一种常见病、多发病 ,严重影响患者的日常工作和生活质量。目前临床上大多采取后径路经皮穿刺行腰椎间盘突出症的介入治疗。但对于腰 5骶 1Ｌ5 Ｓ1椎间盘来说 ,由于受髂骨翼阻挡和腰骶角大小的限制 ,采用侧后方入路介入治疗成功率低 ,且易损伤腰骶部神经和血管     

经皮穿刺摘除颈椎间盘治疗颈椎间盘突出

颈椎间盘突出症是临床上一种常见疾病, 自无创伤性的影像CT、MRI检查应用以来,颈椎间盘突出症进一步得到了明确诊断。以往颈椎间盘突出症的治疗,以牵引、按摩、局部用药等保守治疗为主,但一部分患者难以奏效。只:有靠外科手术治疗,外科手术创伤大,恢复慢,部分术后颈部活动受影响。继周义成报告用经皮穿刺摘除术(PCD)治     

经皮穿剌椎间盘切吸术治疗腰椎间盘突出症

报告我院经皮穿刺椎间盘切吸治疗椎间盘突出症82例,显效率63.4％,总有效率92.7％,无严重并发症。该技术具有操作简单、安全、创伤小、疗效好、痛苦轻、恢复快、不影响脊柱稳定性等优点。认为正确认识影像学改变,以选择适应证;术中切取足够量的椎间盘组织;术前、术后应用抗生素以预防感染等为该技术成功的关键。     

经皮颈椎间盘切除术治疗颈椎间盘突出症

目的 进一步研究经皮穿刺颈椎间盘切除术（ＰＣＤ）治疗颈椎间盘突出症（ＣＤＰ）疗产的影响因素。方法 回顾分析２１例ＰＣＤ治疗ＣＤＰ患者。观察疗效,论证ＰＣＤ机理,结果 穿刺成功率１００％,２０例优良,无并发症,结论 ＰＣＤ安全且对颈椎稳定性无影响。     

经皮穿刺腰椎间盘髓核切吸术治疗腰椎间盘突出症（附90例报告）

目的观察经皮穿刺腰椎间盘髓核切吸术(APLD)治疗腰椎间盘突出症(LDH)的疗效。方法90例LDH(103个)患均经cT、MRI及I临床证实,并经APLD治疗和术后随访。结果于术后1至6个月时,I临床症状与体征完全消失58例,明显改善31例,无效仅1例。治愈率和总有效率分别为64．4％和98．9％。结论APLD具有成功率高、并发症少、创伤轻及疗程短等优点。但术前应严格选择适应症。     

经皮激光椎间盘减压术治疗颈椎椎间盘突出症

目的 探讨经皮激光椎间盘减压术在治疗颈椎椎间盘突出症的应用.方法 应用SLT30半导体激光治疗仪,在C型臂X线机引导下,选择颈部前外侧经气管、食管与颈动脉鞘之间入路,用穿刺针插入椎间隙中心,然后插入光导纤维,激光输出能量为500～1 000 J.结果 共治疗32例患者,有效率为87.5%,无一例出现感染及其他严重并发症.结论 经皮激光椎间盘减压术具有创伤小、痛苦少、安全性高、恢复快等特点,是治疗颈椎椎间盘突出症的有效方法之一.     

Percutaneous endoscopic cervical discectomy for discogenic cervical headache due to soft disc herniation

A discogenic cervical headache is a subtype of cervicogenic headache (CEH) that arises from a degenerative cervical disc abnormality. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of percutaneous endoscopic cervical discectomy (PECD) for patients with chronic cervical headache due to soft cervical disc herniation. Seventeen patients underwent PECD for intractable headache. The inclusion criteria were soft disc herniation without segmental instability, proven by both local anesthesia and provocative discography for headache unresponsive to conservative treatment. The mean follow-up period was 37.6 months. Fifteen of the 17 patients (88.2%) showed successful outcomes based on the Macnab criteria. Pain scores on a visual analog scale (VAS) improved from a preoperative mean of 8.35±0.79 to 2.12±1.17, postoperatively (P<0.01). The mean disc height decreased from 6.81±1.08 to 5.98±1.07 mm (P<0.01). There was no newly developed segmental instability or spontaneous fusion on follow-up radiography. In conclusion, PECD appears to be effective for chronic severe discogenic cervical headache under strict inclusion criteria.This work was supported by a grant from the Wooridul Spine Foundation.     

经皮穿刺椎间盘切割抽吸术治疗颈椎间盘突出症(附101例分析)

目的 探索经皮穿刺颈椎间盘切割抽吸术（ＰＣＤ）的疗效及安全性。方法 对１０１例经临床和ＭＲＩ确诊为椎间盘突出症病人施行ＰＣＤ,观察术后并发症、临床症状缓解程度和突出髓核还纳程度、椎体的稳定性。结果 ＰＣＤ术后６个月及１、２、３、４年优良率分别为８３．２％,８６．１％,８６．０％,８５．７％,６６．７％．３６例合并失稳者随访３个月至１．５年无一例失稳加剧。并发椎间盘炎１例,穿刺点小血肿３例,脊髓一过     

经皮椎间盘切吸术联合电热疗法治疗椎间盘突出症的护理

目的总结DSA引导下经皮椎间盘切吸术（PLD）联合椎间盘电热疗法（IDET）治疗腰椎间盘突出症的护理经验。方法同顾分析126例DSA引导下PLD联合IDET治疗椎间盘突出症术前、术中和术后的护理方法。结果手术成功112例,无一例发生严重并发症。结论DSA引导下PLD联合IDET治疗椎间盘突出症的科学护理保证了治疗与康复的顺利进行.     

经皮腰椎间盘切除术治疗腰椎间盘突出症（附1020例分析）

目的 进一步研究经皮穿刺椎间盘切除术（ＰＬＤ）治疗腰椎间盘突出症疗效的影响因素。方法 回顾分析１０２０例经皮腰椎间盘突切除术治疗的腰间盘突出症患者（男７８５例,女２３５例）,观察疗效与椎间盘抽吸量,椎间盘脱出程度,类型的关系,论证ＰＬＤ的治疗机理。结果 穿刺成功率达１００％,显效率７０％,有效率２６％,无效率４％,间盘抽吸量越多（≥２ｇ）疗效越显著（Ｐ〈０．０５）,脱出程度轻疗效显著,指出小切分钙     

经皮椎间孔镜腰椎间盘切除术在腰椎间盘突出症治疗中应用

目的探讨经皮椎间孔镜腰椎间盘切除术(PELD)在腰椎间盘突出症治疗中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析自2012年1月至2014年1月解放军180医院收治的90例腰椎间盘突出症患者的临床资料。将所有患者随机分为孔镜组(45例)和开窗组(45例),孔镜组行PELD,开窗组行椎板开窗腰椎间盘切除术。术后随访12个月,比较两组患者手术切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量及住院时间,并用疼痛视觉模拟(VAS)评分和改良Mac Nab标准评价疗效。结果孔镜组的切口长度、术中出血量及住院时间均小于开窗组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后两组患者VAS评分均有所改善,但孔镜组优于开窗组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组术后改良Mac Nab标准评价疗效,孔镜组有效率高于开窗组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在腰椎间盘突出症的治疗中,应用PELD能减小手术切口,减少术中出血量,缩短住院时间,提高临床疗效,改善患者生活质量,值得临床推广。     

腰椎间盘突出外科手术后无效或复发的经皮摘除间盘治疗

对腰椎间盘突出手术无效，复发或感染的病例原来作为经皮除间盘治疗的禁忌证之一。在本组１６例此类患中有１３例行ＰＬＣ治疗。     

非融合手术治疗颈椎间盘突出症

目的 探讨Bryan人工颈椎间盘假体置换治疗颈椎间盘突出症的临床效果.方法 本组34例颈椎间盘突出症患者,其中男21例,女13例;年龄31～57岁,平均43岁.突出部位:C3～4 2例,C4～5 4例,C5～6 22例,C6～7 1例,C4～5,5～6 2例,C3～4,5～6 2例,C5～6,6～7 1例.临床症状以脊髓压迫为主14例,神经根性症状为主20例.单节段置换29例,双节段置换5例,共置换39个椎间盘假体.Bryan假体由金属外壳和聚氨酯髓核组成,外壳有钛微孔喷涂层,可促进骨生长,达到长期稳定.术后摄颈椎动态x线片观察假体稳定性及活动度.依照CSM40分法评定神经功能.结果 本组患者术后随访3～42个月,平均14个月.全部患者神经功能均有明显改善,神经根型患者其上肢根型痛全部缓解.CSM40分法评分平均提高8.5分,有效率为100%,无假体松动或脱落,术后置换节段活动度平均为9.3°.结论 人工颈椎间盘置换术后能达到确切的稳定性,具有良好的活动度,术后神经功能恢复良好,为颈椎问盘突出症的治疗提供了新的选择方式.     

颈椎间盘置换与相邻节段融合的治疗选择

目的 探讨椎间盘置换与相邻节段融合治疗多节段颈椎间盘突出症的临床疗效.方法 对39例多节段颈椎间盘突出症患者,Ⅰ期同时完成病变节段人工椎间盘置换和邻近节段Cage融合.本组39例多节段椎间盘突出症患者,双节段颈椎间盘突出29例,三节段颈椎间盘突出9例,四节段颈椎间盘突出1例.病变节段C3～4、C4～5,2例,C4～5、C5～6 15例,C5～6、C6-79例,C4～5、C6～7 3例,C3～4、C4～5、C5～6 4例,C4～5、C5～6、C6～7 5例,C3～4、C4～5、C5～6、C6～7 1例.临床症状以脊髓压迫为主者18例,以神经根性症状为主者21例,术后随访观察椎间盘假体稳定性、假体活动度、Cage融合状态及Cage位移等.依据日本骨科学会(JOA)评分,Odom标准评定神经功能改善情况,采用颈椎残障功能量表(neck disability index,NDI)评定术后临床症状改善和日常功能状态.结果29例双节段颈椎间盘突出症患者,选择1个节段的椎间盘置换和1个节段Cage植骨融合;9例三节段颈椎间盘突出症患者,7例行1个节段的人工椎间盘置换、2个节段Cage植骨融合;2例选择2个节段的人工椎间盘置换、1个节段Cage植骨融合.1例四节段颈椎间盘突出症患者行2个节段的人工椎间盘置换、2个节段Cage植骨融合.术后随访6个月～3年半,人工椎间盘稳定,椎间盘假体平均活动度为9.3°,Cage全部融合,无Cage松动沉陷.患者神经功能有明显改善,JOA评分由术前9.1分增加至13.2分;NDI评分由术前41.8分降至29.5分;Odom评分临床成功率(优/良/可)达到85%(33例).结论颈椎间盘置换与相邻节段融合为颈椎间盘突出症的治疗提供了新的选择方式,兼顾了颈椎的稳定和运动功能,其远期疗效有待于临床随访.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcome of artificial cervical disc replacement and cage fusion in the treatment of multi-segmental cervical disc herniation. Methods A total of 39 patients with multi-level cervical disc herniation were treated with disc replacement and adjacent segment cage fusion at one stage. There were 29 patients with two level cervical disc herniation, nine with three level cervical disc herniation and one with four level cervical disc herniation. Of the patients, there were 17 male and 22 female, aged between 35 and 63 years ( mean age 47 years). The herniated disc was located at C3-4 and C4-5 in two patients, C4-5 and C5-6 in 15, C5-6 and C6-7 in nine, C4-5 and C6-7 in three, C3-4,C4-5 and C5-6 in four, C4-5, C5-6 and C6-7 in five and C3-4, C4-8 , C5-6 and C6-7 in one. There were 18 patients with myelopathy and 21 with radieulopathy. The stabilization and the range of motion of implanted disc,the fusion of cage and the displacement of cage were observed on dynamic radiograph postoperatively. The clinical symptom and the neurological function were evaluated according to JOA score and odom' s criteria. Postoperative clinical symptoms and daily function were evaluated by using neck disability index (NDI) scale. Results Twenty-nine patients with bi-level cervical disc herniation underwent single level disc replacement and cage fusion on adjacent segment. Nine patients with three level disc herniation underwent single level disc replacement in seven and level cage fusion on adjacent segment in two. Twopatients underwent two level disc replacement and one level cage fusion. One patient with four level disc herniation was treated with two level disc replacement and two level cage fusion. The patients were followed up for from 6 moths to 3 years, which showed that definite stabilization was achieved for all disc with average range of motion for 9.3 degrees postoperatively. Solid fusion was achieved in all cage, with no subsidence or displacement of cage. The JOA score was increased from 9.1 to 13.2 at final follow up and the NDI (neck disability index) score decreased from 41.8 reduced to 29.5 at final follow up. The clinical success rate (excellent/good/fair) according to Odom' s Criteria was 85%. Conclusion Cervical disc replacement and cage fusion can attain definite stabilization and satisfactory mobility and provide a new effective treatment for cervical disc herniation. The long-term outcome needs further clinical followup.