交锁髓内钉治疗开放性胫腓骨骨干骨折27例

【目的】探讨交锁髓内钉治疗开放性胫腓骨骨干骨折的临床效果。【方法】采用交锁髓内钉治疗开放性胫腓骨骨干骨折27例,其中扩髓型5例,非扩髓型22例。【结果】27例均获随访,随访时间：平均儿（6～15）个月,愈合时间：平均4．5（3～12）个月。【结论】交锁髓内钉治疗开放性胫腓骨骨干骨折效果满意。     

石膏外固定与交锁髓内钉治疗Gustilo Ⅰ、Ⅱ类胫腓骨开放性骨折对比分析

目的 探讨石膏外固定与交锁髓内钉对Gustilo Ⅰ、Ⅱ类胫腓骨开放性骨折的治疗作用.方法 回顾性分析同期218例采用石膏外固定及82例采用交锁髓内钉治疗之Gustilo Ⅰ、Ⅱ类胫腓骨开放性骨折的临床资料.从骨折愈合时间、并发症、功能和治疗费用四个方面进行比较分析.结果 石膏固定组193例获得随访,髓内钉治疗组66例获得随访,两组在骨折平均愈合时间、并发症发生率、功能优良率三者的比较无显著性差异,但在平均治疗费用上,石膏固定组低于髓内钉治疗组.有显著性差异.结论 与交锁髓内钉相比.石膏外固定治疗Gustilo Ⅰ、Ⅱ类胫腓骨开放性骨折具有相似的骨折愈合时间和并发症发生率及功能结果,但操作更简单,治疗费用更低,仍是治疗该类骨折的一种好方法.     

凹槽交锁髓内钉治疗开放性胫骨骨折

目的评价凹槽交锁髓内钉治疗开放性胫骨骨折的疗效.方法应用德国aap公司Birigid非扩髓凹槽交锁髓内钉治疗57例开放性胫骨骨折.髓内钉直径平均7.8mm.结果所有患者得到4～22个月随访.骨折平均愈合时间28周.1例Ⅲa型伤口感染,2例Ⅲ型骨折延迟愈合,经改动力化后获得骨性愈合,无断钉发生,无骨不连.结论Biorigid凹槽交锁髓内钉治疗胫骨开放性骨折,只要严格掌握手术时机,彻底清创,具有操作简单,创伤小,适应症范围广,术后早期活动,骨折愈合率高,感染率低以及不扩髓等优点.     

扩髓交锁髓内钉治疗开放性胫骨骨折

目的探讨扩髓交锁髓内钉治疗开放性胫骨骨折的临床疗效。方法63例开放性胫骨骨折患者采用扩髓交锁髓内钉治疗,开始均行静力型固定,术后6￣8周改为动力型固定。骨折按Gustilo分型:Ⅰ型32例,Ⅱ型23例,Ⅲ8例,均为Ⅲa型。结果63例患者均得到随访,骨折全部愈合,无锁钉及髓内钉松动、弯曲、断裂。膝关节痛4例(占6%),表浅感染5例(占8%),均治愈。结论只要掌握好手术指征,扩髓交锁髓内钉治疗Ⅲa型以下开放性胫骨骨折是安全的,是一种较好的固定方法。     

交锁髓内钉治疗开放性胫骨骨折

目的探讨交锁髓内钉治疗开放性胫骨骨折的疗效。方法2000年3月～2004年10月,应用有限扩髓交锁髓内钉治疗96例开放性胫骨骨折患者,按Gustilo分型:Ⅰ型49例;Ⅱ型30例;Ⅲ型17例(均为Ⅲa型)。根据骨折稳定性和部位决定行动力型还是静力型固定。结果72例得到随访,2例骨不连(占2.7%),4例膝关节痛(占5.6%),表浅感染10例(占13.9%),均治愈。结论交锁髓内钉在治疗Ⅲa型以下的开放性胫骨骨折中具有骨折愈合率高、能早期活动、并发症少等优点,是治疗开放性胫骨骨折的一种较好方法。     

交锁髓内钉加一期植骨治疗复杂性粉碎性胫腓骨骨折

目的:探讨使用交锁髓内钉加一期植骨治疗复杂性粉碎性胫腓骨骨折的方法,对其疗效进行评估。方法:从1999年1月至2005年4月应用交锁髓内钉加一期植骨治疗复杂粉碎性胫腓骨骨折21例,术后获得10个月~3年(平均16个月)随访。结果:骨折全部愈合,最终结果采用Johner-wruch标准评定,优14例,良6例,差1例,优良率95·2%。结论:交锁髓内钉加一期植骨治疗复杂性粉碎性胫腓骨骨折,具有固定坚强,骨折块血循环干扰小,诱导成骨,有效防止骨折术后延迟愈合与不愈合的并发症。     

有限扩髓交锁髓内钉治疗开放性胫骨骨折

【目的】探讨有限扩髓交锁髓内钉对开放性胫骨骨折的临床治疗效果。【方法】148例开放性胫骨骨折患者采用有限扩髓交锁髓内钉治疗。按Gustilo分型：Ⅰ型61例;Ⅱ型49例;Ⅲ型38例。均为Ⅲa型。根据骨折稳定性和部位决定行动力型还是静力型固定。【结果】118例得到随访,3例骨不连。1例主钉断裂。膝关节痛7例(占5．9％),表浅感染15例(占12．7％)。均治愈。【结论】有限扩髓交锁髓内钉在治疗Ⅲa型以下的开放性胫骨骨折中具有固定坚强、骨折愈合率高、能早期活动、并发症少等优点。是治疗Ⅲa型以下开放性胫骨骨折的一种较好内固定方法。     

交锁髓内钉治疗胫骨近端骨折26例分析

目的:探讨交锁髓内钉治疗胫骨近端骨折的疗效.方法:2001年1月至2006年1月采用交锁髓内钉治疗胫骨近端骨折患者26例,其中男性17例,女性9倒,骨折按AO分,A型8例,B型13例,C型5例;开放骨折7例;按Gustilo分型,Ⅰ型2例,Ⅱ型5例.所有病例均采用交锁髓内钉固定,远端锁2枚锁钉,近端锁1枚或2枚锁钉.结果:本组26例均获得随访,随访时间为1.5～4年,平均2.5年.骨不连4例,骨延迟愈合3例,内翻1例,外翻4例,膝关节疼痛11例,锁钉断裂2例,锁钉松动3例,髓内钉断裂1例.结论:交锁髓内钉用于治疗胫骨近端骨折并发症发生率较高,胫骨近端骨折时应避免使用交锁髓内钉.     

逆行交锁髓内钉与解剖钢板治疗股骨远端骨折的比较

目的 评价逆行交锁髓内钉(GSH)与解剖型钢板治疗股骨远端骨折的疗效.方法 49例股骨远端骨折随机分为两组,一组采用逆行交锁髓内钉,另一组采用解剖型钢板治疗.结果 经16个月的随访,逆行交锁髓内钉治疗组骨折愈合率95.6%,骨折平均愈合时间4.5个月.钢板治疗组骨折愈合率81.8%,骨折平均愈合时间6.4个月.逆行交锁髓内钉术后无肺炎、深静脉栓塞等严重并发症两组并发症 结论 髓内钉愈合率高于钢板,但膝关节僵硬发生率高股骨远端髁上和(或)髁间骨折采用交锁髓内钉固定,关节面解剖对位良好,固定牢靠,术后即能早期功能锻炼,疗效满意.     

非扩髓型带锁髓内钉治疗开放性胫骨干骨折的疗效

目的探讨非扩髓型带锁髓内钉治疗胫骨干开放性骨折的临床疗效。方法对25例胫骨干开放性骨折患者采用非扩髓型带锁髓内钉治疗。结果 25例患者随访10～18个月,均获骨愈合,平均愈合时间6个月,按Johner-Wruh评分标准：优16例,良7例,差2例,优良率为92%。其中1例术后发生延迟愈合,经过髓内钉动力化,术后11个月愈合;1例发生软组织感染,经抗感染、换药等治疗感染控制。无断钉及骨不连发生。结论非扩髓型带锁髓内钉固定具有骨膜血运破坏少、固定坚强、骨折愈合率高等优点,可用于GustiloⅠ、Ⅱ型及部分ⅢA型胫骨干骨折的治疗。     

47例Pilon骨折临床回顾和分析

目的：探讨AO技术治疗Pilon骨折的方法和效果。方法：回顾性分析47例Pilon骨折的临床资料。47例患者均实行切开复位，AO解剖钢板内固定，其中43／3319例，43C1 15例，43C2 8例，43C。5例。结果：随访8个月至2年，平均16个月。优18例，良19例，可5例，差5例。结论：AO技术治疗Pilon骨折固定可靠，可早期活动，并发症少，临床价值高。     

股骨近端解剖钢板在股骨反转子间骨折的应用

目的：探讨股骨近端解剖钢板在治疗股骨反转子间骨折的疗效和临床价值。方法：系统回顾2005年5月至2009年9月21例股骨反转子间骨折患者,其中男性18例,女性3例,年龄36～67岁,平均52岁,AO/OTA分型：A3.1型12例,A3.2型3例,A3.3型6例,应用股骨近端解剖钢板行内固定治疗。结果：21例患者全部随访,随访时间6～18个月,平均13个月,骨折全部愈合、髋关节功能按Zncherman提出的髋部骨折专用评分标准评估,优17例,良2例,差1例,优良率90.4%,术后无钢板、螺钉断裂。结论：股骨近端解剖钢板是治疗股骨反转子间骨折的有效方法。     

Modern methods of treating hip fractures

Contemporary surgical and anaesthetic methods should enable almost all hip fractures to be treated surgically. Many of the implants used for the internal fixation of hip fractures or the arthroplasties for replacement of the hip joint have been in use for over 50 years. Marked improvements in surgical technique have led to lower fracture and surgical complications. Undisplaced intracapsular fractures and displaced fractures in the younger patient are best treated by internal fixation. For the elderly with a displaced intracapsular fracture then hemiarthroplasty is generally used. There is insufficient evidence that total hip replacements or bipolar hemiarthroplasties have any advantage over the more traditional designs. For trochanteric fractures the sliding hip screw remains the implant of choice, although the newer intramedullary nails are valuable for more specific fracture types and their use will become more common. Following surgery almost all patients should be allowed to mobilize without any restrictions on weight bearing or hip movements.     

Modern methods of treating hip fractures

Contemporary surgical and anaesthetic methods should enable almost all hip fractures to be treated surgically. Many of the implants used for the internal fixation of hip fractures or the arthroplasties for replacement of the hip joint have been in use for over 50 years. Marked improvements in surgical technique have led to lower fracture and surgical complications. Undisplaced intracapsular fractures and displaced fractures in the younger patient are best treated by internal fixation. For the elderly with a displaced intracapsular fracture then hemiarthroplasty is generally used. There is insufficient evidence that total hip replacements or bipolar hemiarthroplasties have any advantage over the more traditional designs. For trochanteric fractures the sliding hip screw remains the implant of choice, although the newer intramedullary nails are valuable for more specific fracture types and their use will become more common. Following surgery almost all patients should be allowed to mobilize without any restrictions on weight bearing or hip movements.     

Computer navigation-assisted minimally invasive percutaneous screw placement for pelvic fractures

Pelvic fractures are often caused by high-energy injuries and accompanied by hemodynamic instability. Traditional open surgery has a large amount of bleeding, which is not suitable for patients with acute pelvic fracture. Navigation-guided, percutaneous puncture-screw implantation has gradually become a preferred procedure due to its advantages, which include less trauma, faster recovery times, and less bleeding. However, due to the complexity of pelvic anatomy, doctors often encounter some problems when using navigation to treat pelvic fractures. This article reviews the indications, contraindications, surgical procedures, and related complications of this procedure for the treatment of sacral fractures, sacroiliac joint injuries, pelvic ring injuries, and acetabular fractures. We also analyze the causes of inaccurate screw placement. Percutaneous screw placement under navigational guidance has the advantages of high accuracy, low incidence of complications and small soft-tissue damage, minimal blood loss, short hospital stays, and quick recovery. There is no difference in the incidence of complications between surgeries performed by new doctors and experienced ones. However, computer navigation technology requires extensive training, and attention should be given to avoid complications such as screw misplacement, intestinal injury, and serious blood vessel and nerve injuries caused by navigational drift.     

逆置型交锁髓内钉在胫腓骨下段复杂骨折中的应用

目的：研究治疗胫腓骨远端复杂骨折的较佳方法。方法：采用施乐辉公司提供的逆置型交锁髓内钉治疗胫腓骨远端复杂骨折25例，所有病人均经足底逆行打入髓内钉，通过瞄准系统将远端及近端交锁钉分别交锁于跟骨、距骨、胫骨。结果：25例病人获随访2－14个月，未发现感染、断钉等情况。其中23例已完全愈合，可正常行走。结论：逆置型交锁髓内钉在胫腓骨远端复杂骨折的治疗中不失为1种有效的方法，其固定确切，且术中无需C臂X光机透视，值得推广使用。     

锁定钢板系统治疗股骨粗隆间骨折术后髓内钉周围骨折效果

目的探讨应用锁定钢板系统治疗股骨粗隆间骨折术后髓内钉周围骨折的可行性。方法采用锁定钢板系统（LISS或LCP）治疗7例股骨粗隆间骨折术后髓内钉周围骨折（人工关节置换术后假体周围骨折Vancouver分类为B1型骨折）,分为髓内钉全部取出或保留髓内钉主钉两组。术后均随访12个月以上,观察骨折愈合及肢体功能恢复情况。结果 7例病人骨折均顺利愈合,并恢复行走功能。结论使用锁定钢板系统治疗股骨粗隆间骨折术后髓内钉周围骨折,尤其对于原有粗隆间骨折未完全愈合的病人,是一种明智的选择。术中应保留原有的短重建髓内钉主钉,髓内钉侧骨折可以用单层和（或）双层皮质的锁定螺钉固定,必要时可辅助钛缆加强固定的稳定性,治疗结果是满意的。     

Incidence of fracture in adjacent levels in patients treated with balloon kyphoplasty: a review of the literature

The available evidence suggests that the treatment of painful vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) secondary to osteoporosis or multiple myeloma, by cement augmentation with balloon kyphoplasty (BK), is both safe and effective. However, there is uncertainty in the literature concerning the potential of the procedure to influence the risk for adjacent segment fracture. The aim of this article is to review the available peer-reviewed literature, regarding adjacent vertebral body fractures after kyphoplasty augmentation.     

Risk factors associated with sacral stress fractures: a systematic review

Objectives:The objective of this study was to examine and identify risk factors associated with the development of sacral stress fractures in order to improve diagnosis in clinical practice.Methods:Electronic search strategies in PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus were combined with a hand search to identify articles for inclusion. Studies were considered if they described patient cases in which imaging confirmed diagnosis of a sacral stress fracture, and the diagnosis included whether the fracture was a sacral insufficiency or sacral fatigue stress fracture.Results:In those that developed sacral insufficiency fractures, the risk factors that were most prevalent included osteoporosis, pelvic radiation therapy, rheumatoid arthritis, long-term corticosteroid therapy, and postmenopausal, each with a prevalence of 100%. Risk factors with 100% prevalence in those diagnosed with sacral fatigue fractures included recent increase in training intensity and deficient diet.Discussion:A pattern of signs and symptoms are consistent among subjects with sacral stress fractures. Patients being unsuccessfully treated for low-back and buttock pain who fit the risk factor profiles for sacral stress fractures should be referred to a physician for further diagnostic workup.