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??OBJECTIVE To study the flavonoid glycosides of Urena lobata. METHODS Compounds were isolated and purified using various column chromatographies such as D101 macroporous adsorption resin, silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and prep HPLC. Their structures were identified on the basis of their physicochemical properties and various spectroscopic experiments, including HRESIMS, ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR, HSQC, and HMBC. RESULTS Ten flavonoid glycosides were obtained from the n-BuOH extract of U. lobata including quercetin-3-O-??-D-glucopyranosyl-(1??2)-??-D-galactopyranoside(1), kaempferol-3-O-??-D-glucopyranosyl-(1??2)-??-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-??-L-rhamnopyranoside(2), quercetin-3-O-??-D-apiofuranosyl-(1??2)-??-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-??-L-rhamnopyranoside(3), kaempferol-4'-O-??-D-apiofuranosyl-3-O-??-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-??-L-rhamnopyranoside(4), kaempferol-3-O-??-D-apiofuranosyl-(1??2)-??-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-??-L-rhamnopyranoside(5), quercetin-3-O-??-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-??-L-rhamnopyranoside(6), quercetin-3-O-??-D-glucopyranosyl-(1??2)-??-D-glucopyranoside(7), kaempferol-3-O-??-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1??6)-??-D-glucopyranosyl-(1??2)-??-D-glucopyranoside(8), kaempferol-3-O-??-D-glucopyranosyl-(1??2)-[??-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1??6)]-??-D-glucopyranoside(9) and kaempferol-3-O-??-D-glucopyranosyl-(1??2)-??-D-glucopyranoside(10). CONCLUSION Compounds 1-3 and 6-10 are firstly obtained from U. lobata.     

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??OBJECTIVE To study the chemical constituents from the aerial parts of Paris polyphylla var. chinensis. METHODS The compounds were isolated and purified from the 75% ethanol extract by chromatography on HPD100 macroporous resin, silica gel, and Sephadex LH-20 as well as semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral data. RESULTS Eleven compounds were isolated and identified as corchionoside C (1), ??-ecdysterone (2), coronatasterone (3), kaempferol-3-O-??-D-galactopyranoside (4), astragalin (5), isorhamnetin-3-O-??-D-glucopyranoside (6), kaempferol-3-O-??-D-glucopyranosyl-(l??2)-??-D-galactopyranoside(7), isorhamnetin-3-O-??-D-glucopyranosyl-(l??2)-??-D-galactopyranoside (8), kaempferol-3-O-??-D-glucopyranosyl-(l??2)-??-D-glucopyranoside (9), isorhamnetin-3-O-??-D-galactopyranosyl-(l??6)-??-D-glucopyranoside (10), and isorhamnetin-3-O-??-D-gentiobioside (11). CONCLUSION Compounds 1 and 3-11 are isolated from this plant for the first time and compounds 1, 3-5 and 8-10 are isolated from Paris plants for the first time.     

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??OBJECTIVE To investigate the chemical constituents from the stems of Lythrum salicaria L..METHODS The constituents were isolated and purified by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, and TLC. The structures were identified on the basis of spectral data and physiochemical characteristics. RESULTS Twenty compounds were isolated from 70% ethanol extracts and identified as betulinic acid(1), 2??,3??,24-trihydroxy-12(13)-en-urs-28-oic acid(2), 6-O-(E)- sinapoylpoligalitol(3), feruloyl-6??-O-??-D-glucopyranoside(4), 7-oxo-??-sitosterol(5), en-tisolariciresinol(6), muramine(7), aesculetin(8), apigenin(9),(2E,6S)-2,6-dimethyl-6-O-??-D-xylpyranosyloxy-2,7-menthiafolic acid(10), quercetin3-O-(6??-caffeoyl)-??-D-galactopyranoside(11), cycloart-23-ene-3??,25-diol(12), (1??S,6??R)-8??-hydroxyabscisic acid-??-D-glucoside(13), 3??,5-dihydroxy-3,6,4??-trimethoxyl-7-O-??-D-glucopyranoside flavonoid(14), aurantiamide acetate(15), 5,6,3??,4??-tetrahydroxy-3,7-dimethoxy-flavone(16), ursolic acid(17), oleanolic acid(18), 4-O-11-methyl-oleoside-p-hydroxyphenyl-(6??-11-methyloleoside)-??-D-glucopyranoside(19), and 6-O-galloylarbutin(20). CONCLUSION Except for compounds 8 and 9, all the compounds were isolated from this plant material for the first time.
     

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??OBJECTIVE To investigate the chemical constituents from Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb.f and study their anti-tumor activities and effect on progression of cell cycle. METHODS The compounds were isolated by various chromatographic methods including silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20, and so on. Their structures were identified by extensive analysis of spectiroscopic data. The antiproliferative effects of the compounds were evaluated using MTT test, and compound 1 was tested for the effect on the cell cycle of A549 cells. RESULTS Five compounds were isolated from Bletilla striata and identified as 3??-hydroxyoleane-12-en-28-oic acid 3-O-??-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1??2)-??-D-glucopyranoside(1),2-hydroxysuccinic acid(2),4-hydroxybenzylamine(3),palmitic acid(4),and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid(5). Compound 1 showed antiproliferative activity against the cancer cells and could induce G₀/G₁ phase arrest effectively after 24 h treatment. CONCLUSION Compounds 1-4 are isolated from Bletilla striata for the first time. Compound 1 shows potent inhibitory effect and might produce their action through inducing cell cycle arrest.     

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??OBJECTIVE To study the chemical constituents from the ripe fruits of Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc., and evaluate their protection on PC12 cells exposed to oxygen and glucose deprivation.METHODS The compounds were isolated through various chromatographic methods including macroporous adsorption resin, silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, and preparative HPLC, and their structures were determined through spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR and MS data.RESULTS Eight compounds were isolated from the water extract of the ripe fruits of Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc., and their structures were elucidated as 6??-O-acetyl-7??-O-ethyl morroniside (1), chrysoderol(2), luteolin(3), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(4), syringate(5),p-hydroxybenzoic acid(6),caffeic acid methyl ester(7), ethyl gallate(8).CONCLUSION Compound 1 is a new iridoid glucoside, and compounds 2, 3, 5, 7 are obtained from Cornus officinalis for the first time. The MTT results show that compound 4 moderately increases the viability of OGD/R treated PC12 cells at the concentration of 1.0 ??mol??L^-1.     

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??OBJECTIVE To investigate the chemical constituents of the aerial parts of Ribes diacanthum Pall. METHODS The compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 colunm chromatography and HPLC. The structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral data and physiochemical properties. RESULTS Nineteen compounds were isolated from 95% ethanol extracts and identified as quercetin (1), quercetin-3-O-??-D-glucopyranoside (2), quercetin-3-O-??-L-rhamnopyranoside (3), quercetin-3-O-??-D-neohesperoside (4), mearnsetin (5), myricetin-3-O-??-L-rhamnoside (6), myricetin-3-O-??-D-glucopyranoside (7), mearnsetin 3-O-??-D-glucopyranoside (8), mearnsetin 3-O-??-L-rhamnopyranoside (9), kaempferol-3-O-??-D-glucopyranoside (10), kaempferol 3-O-??-D-(2-O-??-L-rhamnopyranosyl) glucopyranoside (11), kaempferol 3-(2??,6??-di-O-??-L-rhamnosyl)-??-D-glucoside (12), 1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene (13), vanillic acid (14), protocatechuic acid (15), 4-hydroxy benzoic acid (16), gallic acid (17), blumenol C glucoside (18), conocarpan (19). CONCLUSION All the compounds are isolated from the title plant and the NMR data for 8 is reported here for the first time.     

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??OBJECTIVE To chemically modify superoxide dismutase (SOD) with 6-O-quaternized chitosan. METHODS 2,3-Epoxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride was grafted to reactive C₆-OH of chitosan to obtain O-(2-hydroxyl) propyl-3-trimethyl ammonium chitosan chloride (O-HTCC). O-HTCC was covalently coupled to SOD via EDC/NHS-mediated reaction,followed by purification on DEAE Sepharose fast flow column. The conjugates were analyzed by SDS-PAGE, HPLC,and circular dichroism. The enzyme activity of the conjugates was determined using pyrogallol autoxidation assay. RESULTS SOD was successfully modified by O-HTCC at an efficiency of 90%. The homogeneous conjugates showed similar secondary structure and retained 81.1% of enzyme activity compared with native SOD.CONCLUSION SOD can be efficiently modified by O-HTCC to prepare O-HTCC-SOD conjugates with high activity retention rate.     

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??OBJECTIVE To study the chemical constituents of the aqueous extract from the aerial part of Sibiraea angustata. METHODS The constituents were isolated by various chromatographic techniques(HP-20 macroporous absorption resin, Sephadex LH-20 gel, Reverse-phase silical gel and PHPLC) and their structures were determined on the basis of physicochemical properties and their spectroscopic data, as well as the literatures. RESULTS Twelve compounds were separated and identified as veratric acid(1),(+)-cycloolivil(2), 3,7-dimethyl-3(E)-6-octadien-5-one-1-O-??-D-glucoside(3), 3,7-dimethyl-3(Z)-6-octadien-5-one-1-O-??-D-glucoside(4), 1-O-??-D-glucopyranosyl(1??2)-??-D-glucopyranosyl-3,7-dimethyl-2(E)-6-heptdiene(5),(7R,8S)-dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol-9??-O-??-D-glucopyranoside(6),(+)-1-hydroxypinoresinol-1-??-D-glucoside(7), skimmin(8), kaempferol 3-O-??-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1??6)-??-D-galactopyranoside(9), isorhamnetin-3-O-??-D-galactopyranosyl(1??6)-??-D-glucopyranoside(10), isorhamnetin 3-O-??-arabinopyranosyl-(1??6)-??-galactopyranoside(11), and quercetin 3-O-[2''-O-(E)-caffeoyl]-??-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1??6)-??-D-galactopyranoside(12). CONCLUSION All compounds are obtained from the genus of Sibiraea for the first time.     

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??OBJECTIVE To study the chemical constituents of the ethnic drug Dicranopteris pedata. METHODS The compounds were isolated and purified by comprehensive application of silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 chromatography, and their structures were identified on the basis of comprehensive analysis of their physical and chemical properties, NMR data and references. RESULTS Fourteen compounds were isolated and elucidated as quercitrin(1), kaempferol 3-O-??-L-rhamnoside(2), rutin(3), hyperoside(4), kaempferol(5), quercetin(6), 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-2??, 3??-benzochalcone(7), stigmasterol(8), cycloastragenol(9), shikimic acid(10), protocatechuic acid(11), gallic acid(12), ??-sitosterol(13), and daucosterol(14). CONCLUSION Compound 1-14 are for the first time isolated from D. pedata.     

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??OBJECTIVE To study the chemical constituents of Callicarpa nudiflora. METHODS The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by column chromatography on silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 and MPLC. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic evidence and compared with those in literature. RESULTS Nine compounds were isolated and identified as 6-O-caffeoyl ajugol(1), leucosceptoslde A(2), 6-O-caffeoly-??-glucose(3), nudifloside(4), luteolin-7-O-glucoside(5), quercetin 3??-O-??-D-glucoside(6), cistaneside C(7), acteoside(8), and syringalide A 3??-??-L-rhamnopyranoside (9). CONCLUSION Compounds 1, 2, 6, 7, and 9 are isolated from this plant for the first time.     

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??OBJECTIVE To investigate the chemical constituents from the stems of Viola japonica var. stenopetala Franch. ex H.METHODS The constituents were isolated and purified by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, and preparative TLC. The structures were identified on the basis of spectral data and physiochemical characteristics. RESULTS Fifteen compounds were isolated from 70% ethanol extract of Viola japonica var. stenopetala Franch. ex H. and identified as ??-sitosterol (1), daucosterol(2), chlorogenic acid (3), 7-hydroxycoumarin (4), stigmastero-3-O-??-D-glucopyranoside (5), dehydrololiolide (6), kaempferol-7-O-??-D-glucopyranoside (7), characterizedas(+)-pinoresinol-O-??-D-glucopyranoside (8), 5,7-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethoxyflavone (9), apigenin-7-O-??-D-glucoside (10), chryseriol (11), ??-amyrin(12), robinin(13), kaempferol-3,7-di-O-??-L-rahmnoside(14), and solagenin-6-O-??-D-quinovopyranoside(15). CONCLUSION Compounds 8 and 15 are isolated from the plants in Gnaphalium L. for the first time. Compounds 5, 6, 8, 11, 14, and 15 are isolated from this plant material for the first time.
     

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??OBJECTIVE To study the chemical constituents in the flowers of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. METHODS The compounds were isolated with Diaion HP-20, Toyopearl HW-40, Sephadex LH-20, silica gel column chromatography and preparative HPLC. The structures of the compounds were identified by physiochemical properties and spectral analysis. RESULTS Twenty compounds were obtained, and their structures were identified as luteolin (1), apigenin (2), acacetin (3), diosmetin (4), acacetin 7-O-??-D-glucoside (5), acacetin 7-O-??-D-glucoside (6), acacetin7-O-(6??-O-acetyl)-??-D-glucoside (7), eriodictyol (8), naringenin (9), artemetin (10), 5-hydroxy-6,7,3??,4??-tetramethoxyflavone (11), 5,7-dihydroxy-3??,4??-dimethoxyflavone (12), 4??-methoxyctricin (13), 3??,5??-dimethoxy-4??,5,7-trihydroxyflavone (14), 5,6-dihydroxy-3,7,3??,4??-tetramethoxyflavone (15), luteolin 7-O-??-D-glucuronide methyle ester (16), dihydroquercetin-7-??-D-glucoside (17), quercetin 3-O-??-D-glucoside(18), quercetin 3-O-??-D-glucoside (19), and acacetin 7-O-??-(6??-(E)-crotonylglucopyranoside) (20). CONCLUSION Compounds 9-20 were isolated for the first time from this plant.     

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??OBJECTIVE To investigate the liposoluble constituents of Urticae Rhizoma. METHODS The compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, ODS gel column chromatographies, and semi-preparative HPLC. The structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral data and physiochemical properties. RESULTS Twenty-one compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of Urticae Rhizoma, and identified as(-)-urticol(1),(-)-secoisolariciresinol(2), 23-hydroxybetulinic acid(3), 2??,3??, 24-trihydroxy-12-oleanen-28-oic acid(4), cleomiscosin A (5), dihydro-4-hydroxy-5-hydroxymethyl-2(3H)-furanone(6), methyl chlorogenate(7), kaempferol(8), pinoresinol monomethyether-4??-O-??-D-glucopyranoside(9), martairesinol-4??-O-??-D-glucopyranoside(10), cycloolivil-6-O-??-D-glucopyranoside(11), stigmasterol-3-O-??-D-glucopyranoside(12), nicotinamide(13), trans-caffeic acid-4-O-??-D-glucopyranoside(14), esculin(15), 5-hydroxyl-7-methoxycoumarin-8-O-??-D-glucopyranoside(16), 6-oxymethyluteolin-7-O-??-D-glucopyranoside(17), luteolin-7-O-??-D-glucopyranoside(18), quercetin-3-O-(4??-methoxy)-??-L-rhamnopyranoside(19), 2??-deoxy uridine(20), and apigenin-6, 8-di-C-??-D-glycoside(21), respectively. CONCLUSION All the compounds, except 8 and 12, are isolated from U. fissa for the first time. Meanwhile, compounds 5, 6, 9, 10, 11, 14, 16, 17, and 19 are all found in Urticaeae plants for the first time.     

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??OBJECTIVE To isolate the chemical constituents from Caulophyllum robustum and confirm their chemical structures. METHODS The chemical constituents were isolated by MCI gel, repeated silica gel chromatography, preparative liquid chromatography.and their structures were elucidated by NMR and MS etc. RESULTS The structures of compounds 1-10 were identified as echinocystic acid (1), oleanolic acid-3-O-??-D-glucopyranosyl-(1??2)-??-L-arabinopyranoside (2), hederagenin-3-O-??-D-glucopyranosyl-(1??3)-??-L-arabinopyranoside (3), hederagenin-3-O-??-D-glucopyranosyl-(1??2) [??-D-glucopyranosyl-(1??3)]-??-L-arabinopyranoside (4), 3-O-??-D-glucopyranosyl-(1??2)-??-L-arabinopyranosyl echinocystic acid-28-O-??-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1??4)-??-D-glucopyranosyl-(1??6)-??-D-glucopyranosyl ester (5), 3-O-??-L-arabinopyranosyl hederagenin-28-O-(4-O-acetyl)-??-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1??4)-??-D-glucopyranosyl-(1??6)-??-D-glucopyranosyl ester (6), (6R, 7E, 9R)-9-hydroxy-4, 7-megastigmadien-3-one-9-O-??-D-glucoside (7), (9R)-9-hydroxy-4, 6-megastigmadien-3-one-9-O-??-D-glucoside (8), maltose (9), and sucrose (10). CONCLUSION Compounds 1-10 are firstly isolated from the genus Caulophyllum except 5.     

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??OBJECTIVE To study the chemical constituents of the chloroform extract from the aerial parts of Artemisa sacrorum. METHODS The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by silica gel and LH-20 column chromatography and preparation HPLC. Their structures were identified by spectral analysis methods. RESULTS Thirteen compounds were obtained and identified as 5-hydroxyl-7,4??-dimethoxyflavone(1), 4-hydroxylacetophenone(2), 5,4??-dihydroxyl-7,3??-dimethoxyflavone(3), 5,7-dihydroxyl-6,4??-dimethoxyflavone(4), 5,7-dihydroxyl-4??-methoxyflavone(5), 5,4??-dihydroxyl-7-methoxyflavone(6), caffeic acid(7), 8-hydroxyl-6,7-dimethoxycoumarin(8), 3,4-dihydroxylbenzoic acid(9), acetophenone-4-O-??-D-glucoside(10), 6-methoxycoumarin-7-O-??-D-glucoside(11), 6,8-dimethoxycoumarin-7-O-??-D-glucoside(12), and 2-hydroxyl-6-methoxyacetophenone-4-O-??-D-glucoside(13). CONCLUSION Compounds 3, 4, 5, 9, 10 and 12 are isolated from this plant for the first time.
     

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??OBJECTIVE To study the chemical constituents of Yao medicine, Zhongliuteng, the stems of Pileostegia tomentella. METHODS The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by silica gel chromatography repeatedly, and their structures were identified by spectral analysis and chemical METHODS. RESULTS Thirteen compounds were isolated from the stems of P. tomentella and the structures were identified as 1-O-(??-D-glucosyl)-2-[2-methoxy-4-(??-hydroxypropyl) phenoxy]propan-3-ol(1),(+)-lyoniresinol-3a-O-??-D-glucopyranoside (2),syringin (3),coniferin (4),dihydroconiferin (5),but-3-enyl-??-D-glucoside (6),4-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)-2,6-dimethoxy phenyl ??-D-glucopyranoside (7),nikoenoside (8),protocatechuic acid ethyl ester (9),8-methoxy coumarin-7-O-??-D-glucopyranoside (10),6-O-R-L-rhamnopyranosyl-??-D-glucopyranoside methyl salicylate (11), nicotinamide (12), and 3,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinicacid methyl ester (13). CONCLUSION All compounds were obtained from the genus for the first time.