宫颈腺癌同步放化疗疗效及残余病灶挽救性治疗分析

目的 评估宫颈腺癌根治性同步放化疗后疗效,分析同步放化疗后仍有残留病灶患者的治疗及预后。方法 回顾性分析2005-2016年间收治的109例局部进展期宫颈腺癌患者的临床资料。外照射临床靶体积处方剂量50.4Gy分28次,内照射A点剂量30~36Gy分5~7次。同步顺铂或紫杉醇周疗。放化疗后进行临床疗效评价。对部分缓解(PR)者进行挽救性治疗(手术和/或紫杉醇联合卡铂或顺铂化疗和/或放疗)。Kaplan-Meier法生存分析。结果 中位随访时间48个月,3、5年总生存率分别为74.1%、58.5%。放化疗后72例(66.1%)患者达完全缓解,31例(28.4%)患者达PR。PR患者挽救性治疗后3年总生存、无进展生存率分别为53%、41%。放化疗后仅4例(3.7%)和2例(1.8%)患者出现>3级泌尿系和胃肠道不良反应。结论 对于同步放化疗后仍有临床残余病灶的宫颈腺癌患者应积极采取挽救性治疗,以期更多的生存获益。     

食管鳞癌新辅助放化疗后复发风险分层分析

目的 探讨胸段食管鳞癌新辅助放化疗联合手术治疗后的复发风险模式,并分析术后病理分期与复发风险之间的关系。方法 回顾分析2002-2015年郑州大学附属肿瘤医院及中山大学肿瘤防治中心收治的174例局部晚期胸段食管鳞癌患者的病历资料。全组患者均采用术前同期放化疗联合手术治疗,化疗采用以铂类为基础的化疗方案,放疗剂量为40.0~50.4 Gy,常规分割。采用Kaplan-Meier法计算生存率,Logrank检验差异,Cox模型多因素分析。结果 中位随访时间为53.9个月,新辅助放化疗后病理完全缓解率为44.8%,其中59例(33.9%)患者复发。术后病理分期为0/Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ期患者复发率分别为22.2%、38.7%、68.2%(P=0.000),疗后5年无复发生存率分别为74.7%、61.4%、20.9%(P=0.000)。20.5%的0/Ⅰ期或Ⅱ期患者的复发时间在术后3年以上,而Ⅲ期患者的复发时间均在2年以内。多因素分析结果显示年龄、临床分期、化疗方案、放化疗相关病理反应是影响无复发生存的因素(P=0.027、0.047、0.010、0.005)。结论 胸段食管鳞癌新辅助放化疗后的病理分期与复发风险密切相关,临床医生可根据不同的病理分期制定个体化的随访监测策略。     

胸段食管鳞癌诱导化疗联合同期放化疗对比同期放化疗的配对分析

目的 比较不能手术胸段食管鳞癌诱导化疗联合同期放化疗对比同期放化疗的疗效差异。方法 回顾性分析2002-2015年接受根治性放化疗的胸段食管鳞癌患者 267例,化疗均采用多西他赛联合顺铂方案。以年龄、性别、PS评分、肿瘤部位、肿瘤长度、TNM分期作为配对因素,将 85例接受诱导化疗联合同期放化疗的患者作为研究组与接受单纯同期放化疗的患者1∶1配对,比较两组的临床疗效和毒性差异。采用Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析,Logrank检验进行组内分析,Cox回归模型进行多因素分析。结果 170例患者的中位随访时间为18(3~72)个月。放化疗后诱导组、同期组的客观缓解率分别为74.1%、58.8%(P=0.035),3年总生存率分别为44.2%、 29.7%(P=0.028),3年无进展生存率分别为34.8%、 15.4%(P=0.015)。亚组分析显示诱导化疗有效组总生存率、无进展生存率和无局部区域复发生存率高于诱导化疗无效组(P=0.002、0.001、0.002),两组无远处转移生存率相近(P=0.116)。诱导组≥3级白细胞下降的发生率显著高于同期组(38.8%∶24.7%,P=0.048)。多因素分析显示年龄、是否采用诱导化疗是影响总生存的因素(P=0.003、0.016)。结论 与同期放化疗相比,诱导化疗联合同期放化疗可获得较好的近期疗效并可延长食管鳞癌患者的生存。诱导组血液学毒性的发生率较高但可耐受,值得进一步开展前瞻性对照研究以确证其有效性。     

多中心食管鳞癌根治性三维放疗的预后分析——3JECROG R-01

目的 分析应用三维适形放疗(3DCRT)、调强放疗(IMRT)或以3DCRT、IMRT为基础的同步放化疗治疗食管癌根治性放疗患者的生存情况及预后影响因素。方法 回顾分析2002-2016年我国10所医疗中心符合纳入标准的2762例不宜手术或拒绝手术而接受根治性放疗的食管癌患者的病历资料。分析全部患者1、2、3、5年的总生存、无进展生存及预后影响因素。结论 中位随访时间60.8个月。全部患者1、2、3、5年总生存率分别为71.4%、48.9%、39.3%、30.9%,无进展生存率分别为59.5%、41.5%、35.2%、30.0%。中位生存期为23.0个月,中位无进展生存期为17.2个月。多因素分析结果显示年龄、原发肿瘤部位、临床分期、肿瘤体积、放疗剂量及治疗模式是影响总生存的因素(P=0.000~0.023),原发肿瘤部位、临床分期、肿瘤体积及放疗剂量是影响无进展生存的因素(P=0.000~0.002)。结论 在应用3DCRT、IMRT新技术和化疗药物治疗的食管鳞癌患者的5年总生存率显著提高,对临床治疗有一定的参考价值。     

尼妥珠单抗联合术前同期放化疗治疗局部进展期食管鳞癌初步临床研究

目的 初步观察尼妥珠单抗联合术前同期放化疗治疗局部进展期食管鳞癌的治疗结果。方法 共23例Ⅱ-Ⅲ期食管鳞癌患者入组,尼妥珠单抗 200 mg,第1-5周应用,1 次/周。DDP 20 mg/m²,PTX 45 mg/m²,第2-5周应用,1 次/周。放疗第2-5周进行,2 Gy/次,5 次/周,共40 Gy。新辅助治疗结束后4周行手术切除。结果 全组23例患者均完成术前放化疗及尼妥珠单抗治疗,22例接受手术切除。术前治疗的临床有效率为96%,毒副反应主要为胃肠道反应、骨髓抑制及黏膜炎,大多为1-2级。手术R0切除率为100%,病理完全缓解率为41%。术后肺部感染、吻合口瘘、声嘶、心律失常的发生率分别为14%、9%、4%、4%,无围手术期死亡病例发生。全组1、3、5年生存率分别为86%、52%、52%,中位生存时间为28.9个月。术后淋巴结阴性(15例)和淋巴结阳性(7例)组1、3、5年生存率分别为100%、62%、62%和57%、29%、29%(P=0.033),中位生存时间分别为42.6个月和14.2个月。结论 尼妥珠单抗联合术前同期放化疗治疗局部进展期食管鳞癌安全有效,术后淋巴结阴性患者的长期生存率显著提高。     

胸段食管鳞癌不同新辅助治疗模式联合手术的生存分析

目的 比较新辅助放化疗(NCRT)和新辅助化疗(NCT)联合手术对食管癌生存的影响。方法 回顾分析2011-2015年确诊的行新辅助治疗联合手术治疗的胸段食管鳞癌275例资料。NCRT组70例,NCT组205例。采用Kaplan-Meier法计算生存率,Logrank法对比生存,Cox回归模型多因素分析。结果 中位随访时间32(3~84)个月。全组中位生存、中位无复发生存期分别为42(3~84)、30(3~84)个月,3、5年总生存率分别为56.8%、45.9%,3、5年无复发生存率分别为45.1%、38.9%。NCRT和NCT组患者中位生存期分别为46(7~84)个月和40(4~74)个月,中位无复发生存期分别为31(3~84)个月和28(3~69)个月;3、5年总生存率分别为59.1%、47.1%和56.3%、47.5%(P=0.515),3、5年无复发生存率分别为44.5%、40.1%和47%、39%(P=0.554)。多因素分析显示术后病理TNM分期是影响食管癌预后的独立因素(P=0.001)。结论 NCRT与NCT联合手术治疗生存结果相似,术后病理分期是独立的生存影响因素。     

胸段食管鳞癌不同新辅助治疗模式联合手术的生存分析

目的 比较新辅助放化疗(NCRT)和新辅助化疗(NCT)联合手术对食管癌生存的影响。方法 回顾分析2011-2015年确诊的行新辅助治疗联合手术治疗的胸段食管鳞癌275例资料。NCRT组70例,NCT组205例。采用Kaplan-Meier法计算生存率,Logrank法对比生存,Cox回归模型多因素分析。结果 中位随访时间32(3~84)个月。全组中位生存、中位无复发生存期分别为42(3~84)、30(3~84)个月,3、5年总生存率分别为56.8%、45.9%,3、5年无复发生存率分别为45.1%、38.9%。NCRT和NCT组患者中位生存期分别为46(7~84)个月和40(4~74)个月,中位无复发生存期分别为31(3~84)个月和28(3~69)个月;3、5年总生存率分别为59.1%、47.1%和56.3%、47.5%(P=0.515),3、5年无复发生存率分别为44.5%、40.1%和47%、39%(P=0.554)。多因素分析显示术后病理TNM分期是影响食管癌预后的独立因素(P=0.001)。结论 NCRT与NCT联合手术治疗生存结果相似,术后病理分期是独立的生存影响因素。     

多中心食管鳞状细胞癌提高三维放疗剂量临床疗效分析——3JECROG R-03

目的 比较食管鳞状细胞癌行根治性放疗不同放疗剂量对生存的影响,并探讨预后影响因素。方法 回顾性分析2002-2016年中国10所医疗中心2344例接受根治性放化疗/放疗的食管鳞状细胞癌患者临床资料,经1∶2倾向性评分配比(PSM),根据放疗剂量分为低剂量组(EQD2Gy<60Gy)303例,高剂量组(EQD2Gy≥60Gy)606例。Kaplan-Meier法生存分析,Cox模型多因素预后分析。结果 中位随访时间为59.6个月。经PSM配比后,低剂量组和高剂量组的1、3、5年总生存率分别为66.5%、34.7%、27.2%和72.9%、41.7%、34.7%(P=0.018),无进展生存率分别为52.2%、27.2%、23.1%和58.3%、38.1%、33.9%(P=0.001)。单因素结果显示颈段/胸上段食管癌、临床分期早、无区域淋巴结转移、病变长度短、采用IMRT技术、接受同步化疗、EQD2Gy≥60Gy为总生存获益因素(均P<0.05)。多因素结果显示肿瘤部位、有无区域淋巴结转移、是否接受同步化疗以及EQD2Gy是影响总生存的重要因素(均P<0.05)。结论 局部晚期食管鳞状细胞癌患者应用三维适形或调强放疗EQD2Gy≥60Gy时生存获益。     

46例鼻咽腺样囊性癌治疗模式探讨及预后分析

目的 探讨分析原发鼻咽腺样囊性癌的临床治疗模式及预后。方法 回顾分析1971-2015年中国医学科学院肿瘤医院收治的46例原发鼻咽腺样囊性癌患者,男22例、女24例,中位年龄47岁(23~74岁)。其中34例患者接受单纯放疗,应用常规放疗技术25例,调强技术9例,5例患者因放疗后肿瘤残存行挽救性手术;12例接受综合治疗(手术+术后放疗)。结果 中位随访时间66.0个月(11.0~270.6个月),5、10年总生存率分别为70%、40%,局部控制率分别为64%、47%,无远处转移率分别为70%、62%。单纯放疗组放疗结束疗效评价达完全缓解者12例,部分缓解者13例,无变化者9例。单纯放疗、术后放疗5年总生存率分别为69%、74%,5年局部控制率分别为63%、66%(P均>0.05)。结论 鼻咽腺样囊性癌病程发展相对缓慢,放疗敏感者首选放疗,放疗不敏感者或放疗后残存者可行挽救性手术。     

食管鳞癌新辅助放化疗后淋巴细胞下降与病理反应相关性分析

目的 分析胸段食管鳞癌新辅助放化疗期间淋巴细胞下降与病理完全缓解率(pCR)的关系。方法 回顾分析2002-2016年期间接受新辅助放化疗联合手术治疗的胸段食管鳞癌患者220例,并采集新辅助放化疗前至放疗后1个月的淋巴细胞计数。淋巴细胞下降程度根据CTCAE 4.0标准进行分级。采用χ²检验和Cox回归模型分析淋巴细胞下降与pCR和复发的关系。结果 全组共95例患者(43.2%)在新辅助放化疗后达到pCR,71例(32.3%)患者术后出现复发。放化疗期间0、1、2、3、4级淋巴细胞下降的发生率分别为1.8%、6.8%、31.4%、38.2%、21.8%。4级淋巴细胞下降者的pCR率显著低于0-3级(22.9% ∶48.8%,P=0.001);此外,前者的术后复发风险显著高于后者(45.8%∶28.5%,P=0.023)。多因素分析显示原发肿瘤长度、肿瘤部位、放疗剂量是食管癌患者放疗期间发生4级淋巴细胞下降的预测因素(P=0.013、0.001、0.002)。结论 新辅助放化疗期间发生4级淋巴细胞下降的食管鳞癌患者的pCR率较低且复发风险较高。淋巴细胞下降可作为一种经济、有效的pCR预测指标。     

The role of salvage surgery in patients with recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx

BACKGROUND:

The objective of this study was to comprehensively review overall survival, functional outcomes, and prognostic factors in patients who underwent salvage surgery for locally recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx (SCCOP) after initial radiotherapy.

METHODS:

The authors retrospectively reviewed 1681 consecutive patients who completed definitive therapy for primary SCCOP and identified 168 patients with locally recurrent SCCOP who underwent salvage surgery (41 patients), reirradiation or brachytherapy (18 patients), palliative chemotherapy (70 patients), or supportive care (39 patients).

RESULTS:

Twenty‐six of 39 patients (67%) developed a second recurrence after salvage surgery. The 3‐year overall survival rate for patients who underwent salvage surgery or received reirradiation, palliative chemotherapy, or supportive care were 48.7%, 31.6%, 3.7%, and 5.1%, respectively. For patients who underwent salvage surgery, older age (P = .03), the absence of a disease‐free interval (P < .01), and advanced recurrent tumor stage (P = .07) were associated with lower overall survival. Patients with recurrent neck disease (P = .01) and positive surgical margins (P = .04) had higher rates of recurrence after salvage surgery. Postoperative complications occurred in 19 patients (46%), and there were no perioperative deaths. Functionally, 71% of patients demonstrated ≥80% speech intelligibility, 68% were able to tolerate some oral intake, and 87% who required a tracheotomy subsequently were decannulated.

CONCLUSIONS:

Age, disease‐free interval, recurrent tumor stage, recurrent neck disease, and surgical margin status influenced overall survival or recurrence rate after salvage surgery for recurrent SCCOP. Although most patients had good functional outcomes, only a select group of patients with recurrent SCCOP achieved long‐term survival after salvage surgery. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.     

A meta-analysis on salvage surgery as a potentially curative procedure in patients with isolated local recurrent or persistent esophageal cancer after chemoradiotherapy

BackgroundIsolated local recurrent or persistent esophageal cancer (EC) after curative intended definitive (dCRT) or neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) with initially omitted surgery, is a potential indication for salvage surgery. We aimed to evaluate safety and efficacy of salvage surgery in these patients.Material and methodsA systematic literature search following PRISMA guidelines was performed using databases of PubMed/Medline. All included studies were performed in patients with persistent or recurrent EC after initial treatment with dCRT or nCRT, between 2007 and 2017. Survival analysis was performed with an inverse-variance weighting method.ResultsOf the 278 identified studies, 28 were eligible, including a total of 1076 patients. Postoperative complications after salvage esophagectomy were significantly more common among patients with isolated persistent than in those with locoregional recurrent EC, including respiratory (36.6% versus 22.7%; difference in proportion 10.9 with 95% confidence interval (CI) [3.1; 18.7]) and cardiovascular complications (10.4% versus 4.5%; difference in proportion 5.9 with 95% CI [1.5; 10.2]). The pooled estimated 30- and 90-day mortality was 2.6% [1.6; 3.6] and 8.0% [6.3; 9.8], respectively. The pooled estimated 3-year and 5-year overall survival (OS) were 39.0% (95% CI: [35.8; 42.2]) and 19.4% [95% CI:16.5; 22.4], respectively. Patients with isolated persistent or recurrent EC after initial CRT had similar 5-year OS (14.0% versus 19.7%, difference in proportion −5.7, 95% CI [-13.7; 2.3]).ConclusionsSalvage surgery is a potentially curative procedure in patients with locally recurrent or persistent esophageal cancer and can be performed safely after definitive or neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy when surgery was initially omitted.     

Concomitant chemotherapy and external radiotherapy plus brachytherapy for locally advanced esophageal cancer: results of a retrospective multicenter study

AIMS AND BACKGROUND: In October 1995, the Piedmont AIRO (Italian Society of Radiation Oncology) Group started a multi-institutional study of radiochemotherapy on locally advanced esophageal cancer, characterized by external radiotherapy followed by an intraluminal high dose-rate brachytherapy boost. Most patients were re-evaluated for surgery at the end of the program. The primary aim of the study was to assess efficacy of curative radiochemotherapy regarding overall survival and local control rates. The secondary aim was to evaluate the ability of radiochemotherapy to make resectable lesions previously considered inoperable. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: Between January 1996 and March 2000, 75 patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer were enrolled. All were treated with definitive radiotherapy; due to age or high expected toxicity, chemotherapy was employed only in 53 of them. Treatment schedule consisted of 60 Gy external radiotherapy (180 cGy/d, 5 days/week for 7 weeks) concomitant with two 5-day cycles of chemotherapy with cisplatin and fluorouracil (weeks 1 and 5). One or two sessions of 5-7 Gy intraluminal high dose-rate brachytherapy were carried out on patients whose restaging showed a major tumor response. Surgery was performed in 14 patients. RESULTS: At the end of radiotherapy, dysphagia disappeared in 46/75 cases (61%), and in 20/75 (27%) a significant symptom reduction was recorded. Complete objective response at restaging after radiotherapy was obtained in 33% of patients and a partial response in 53%. At the end of the multimodal treatment program, including esophagectomy, complete responses were 34 (45%); 4 of 14 (28.5%) cases proved to be disease free (pT0) at pathological examination. No G3-G4 toxicity was recorded. Two- and 5-year overall survival rates of all patients were, respectively, 38% and 28%; 2- and 5-year local control rates were, respectively, 35% and 33%. In a subgroup of 20 nonsurgical patients in complete response after radiochemotherapy, the overall survival rate at 3 and 5 years was 65% and the local control rate at 3 and 5 years was 75%. According to multivariate analysis, prognostic factors for survival were Karnofsky index and esophagectomy. CONCLUSIONS: For patients with locally advanced disease, radiochemotherapy showed improved clinical and pathologic tumor response and survival compared to surgery or radiotherapy alone. Intraluminal brachytherapy with a small fraction size allows an increased dose to the tumor without higher toxicity. Esophagectomy following radiochemotherapy could improve survival rates compared to definitive radiochemotherapy, but it is necessary to optimize selection criteria for surgery at the re-evaluation phase.     

局部晚期不可手术食管癌同步放化疗联合尼妥珠单抗的初步临床分析

目的:探讨局部晚期食管癌同步放化疗联合尼妥珠单抗治疗的不良反应及疗效。方法:回顾性分析北京大学肿瘤医院2015—2020年间使用同步放化疗联合尼妥珠单抗治疗的30例患者资料,采用 Kaplan- Meier法生存分析。 结果:中位随访时间22.5个月,总客观有效率为93%。1、2、3年...     

经匹配后放化疗与手术治疗局限期小细胞肺癌预后比较

目的 比较手术与放化疗治疗局限期小细胞肺癌(SCLC)患者的总生存(OS)、无进展生存(PFS)、颅内无进展生存(BMFS)预后差异。方法 收集2000-2016年在浙江省肿瘤医院经手术治疗的局限期SCLC患者 69例,在 503例经根治性放化疗的局限期SCLC数据库中,按照T、N分期,治疗年份,年龄,性别,是否预防性脑照射(PCI)等进行1∶1匹配 69例患者为放化疗组。结果 共纳入 138例患者,手术组 69例(Ⅰ期 24例、Ⅱ期 14例、Ⅲ期 31例),放化疗组 69例(Ⅰ期 24例、Ⅱ期 14例、Ⅲ期 31例)。手术组与放化疗组的中位OS期分别为37.1个月(95%CI为 24.1~50.2个月)和45.0个月(95%CI为 15.8~74.2个月),2、5年OS率分别为60%、45%和64%、45%(P=0.846);中位PFS期分别为27.1个月(95%CI为 0.00~60.3个月)和36.2个月(95%CI为 20.9~51.4个月),2、5年PFS率分别为52%、38%和56%、40%(P=0.610)。2、5年BMFS率分别为80%、76%和84%、80%(P=0.774)。Ⅰ期手术组、放疗组 5年OS率分别为62%、40%(P=0.038),PFS率分别为80%、40%(P=0.048),BMFS率分别为92%、95%(P=0.816)。Ⅱ期手术组、放化疗组 5年OS率分别为41%、51%(P=0.946),PFS率分别为65%、42%(P=0.280),BMFS率分别为75%、78%(P=0.720)。Ⅲ期手术组、放化疗组 5年OS率分别为25%、48%(P=0.220),5年PFS率分别为28%、36%(P=0.333),5年BMFS率分别为76%、74%(P=0.842)。结论 手术治疗可为Ⅰ期患者带来生存获益,Ⅱ期患者两组生存相当,Ⅲ期患者放化疗组有更好生存趋势。最终结论需要更大样本或开展前瞻性研究得出。     

Esophageal cancers]

Although slightly declining in France, the incidence rate of esophageal cancer remains amongst the highest seen in Europe, especially in Brittany, in the North as well as in Normandy. Alcohol and tobacco consumption remains the main risk factor for esophageal cancer in Western countries. Positive diagnosis of esophageal cancer is made by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy combined with biopsies. At present, surgery and definitive radiochemotherapy are two therapeutic options offering a chance to cure even though surgery remains the more frequently used treatment. Five-year-survival rate after apparently curative surgical resection or definitive radiochemotherapy remains only 20% in most population-based series. The studies that have examined the role of adjuvant treatments after surgical resection, have failed to demonstrate any improvement in overall or relapse-free survival. The pre-operative cytotoxic combined modality approaches with radiochemotherapy have shown improved relapse-free survival but still remains experimental. Finally, the symptomatic treatment of dysphagia might not be ignored either in locally, locally advanced, or in metastatic disease.     

喉癌单纯放疗后原发灶复发的救援治疗

目的：探讨对喉癌单纯放疗后原发灶复发进行挽救治疗的疗效。方法：回顾52例1990年-1995年于中山大学肿瘤防治中心进行单纯放疗的喉癌患者，其中17例治疗后原发灶复发的患者进行总结。5例患者进行姑息性化疗，另外12例患者行手术挽救，6例行喉部分切除术，6例行喉全切除术。应用SPSS10．0统计软件进行分析。结果：单纯放射治疗后原发灶复发经再次挽救治疗后总体三年和五年累计生存率分别为56．3％和37．5％。其中进行姑息化疗的患者经挽救后的生存时间介于8～26个月，进行手术挽救的患者三年和五年累计生存率分别为75％和50％，Kaplan—Meier分析表明两者之间存在显著差异(Log Rank=8．14，P=0．0043)。另外，进行手术挽救的患者中，喉部分切除术和喉全切除术挽救患者的五年累计生存率均为50％，Kaplan-Meier分析显示两者间无显著差异(Log Rank=0．08，P=0．7782)。12例进行手术挽救的患者中5例(41．7％)出现术后并发症，主要是术后感染(25％)和咽瘘(25％)。结论：喉癌单纯放疗后原发灶复发患者进行手术挽救可以获得较好的疗效。原发灶早期(T1和T2)患者复发后可选择进行喉部分切除术挽救。手术挽救后的并发症主要是术后感染和咽瘘。     

超分割调强同步放化疗及辅助化疗治疗老年局部晚期食管癌的临床观察

目的 观察超分割调强适形放疗同步奈达铂化疗+辅助化疗综合治疗老年局部晚期食管癌的近期疗效及不良反应。方法 回顾性分析52例局部晚期老年食管癌患者资料,观察组30例给予调强适形超分割放疗（64.4~75.9 Gy/56~66 F, 1.15 Gy/F, 2次/日, 每周5次）和奈达铂25~30 mg/m2同步化疗,卡培他滨辅助化疗（每天2 000~2 500 mg/m²）4~6周期。对照组22例给予常规分割调强适形放疗（52~60 Gy/26~30 F, 2 Gy/F, 1次/日, 每周5次）及奈达铂同步化疗及卡培他滨辅助化疗。结果 观察组28例（93%）患者经过同步放化疗后1月内吞咽梗阻缓解,中位生存时间29月,1、2、3年生存率87%、66%、25%。对照组16例（72%）放疗结束一月内吞咽梗阻缓解,中位生存期时间26月,1~3年生存率分别为83%、61%、22%。两组生存率差异无统计学意义（P=0.19）,观察组和对照组无疾病进展中位生存时间分别为25月、20月,无疾病进展生存率差异有统计学意义（P=0.041）。不良反应两组差异无统计学意义。结论 超分割精确放疗和同步化疗及单药卡培他滨辅助化疗与常规分割调强放疗比较,未明显增加不良反应,有助于改善局部晚期老年食管癌早期梗阻症状和无疾病进展生存时间。