Prevalence and Associated Factors of Burnout syndrome among Nurses in Public Hospitals,Southwest Ethiopia

BackgroundThe Burnout syndrome has been defined as a response to the chronic work-related stress typically found in professionals working in care service organizations. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing the prevalence of burnout syndrome and factors associated with burnout syndrome among nurses in public hospitals, Southwest Ethiopia, 2018.MethodAn institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 1^st, 2018 to April 1^st, 2018. Total number of nurses who fulfill the inclusion criterias were enrolled. Data was collected using the predesigned tool. Data were entered using EPI INFO version 7 and was exported to statistical packages for social science (SPSS) version 21.0 for analysis. Logistic regression was employed and odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was used. Variables with a P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsA total of 282 eligible nurses were enrolled in the study with a mean age of 28.71 [SD ±7.047]. The prevalence of burnout syndrome among nurses was 96(34%). Predictor variables like; educational status, job title, work experience, fatigue, and social support were found to be strong predictor variables for burnout syndrome.ConclusionThis study revealed that a considerable proportion of nurses had burnout syndrome. Therefore, improved educational status and strong social support should be encouraged among nurses working in the health setting for the betterment of health care services, job satisfaction and quality of care in general.     

Burnout and job stress among mongolian doctors and nurses

Due to the inherent demands of their profession, doctors and nurses are at great risk of suffering from burnout caused by job stress. This study examined the prevalence of burnout among doctors and nurses in Mongolia and identified the factors influencing their burnout. A self-administered questionnaire of 180 doctors (45.9%) and 212 nurses (54.1%) resulted in a response rate of 87%. Burnout was measured by the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) in three scales: personal burnout, work-related burnout, and client-related burnout. Job stress was measured by the effort-reward imbalance (ERI) model. Compared with the prior studies of hospital staffs in other countries, doctors and nurses in Mongolia had relatively higher burnout rates, with personal, work-related and client-related average scores of 45.39, 44.45, and 32.46, respectively. Multiple regression analysis revealed that ERI significantly influenced all dimensions of burnout but over-commitment significantly influenced only personal and work-related burnout. Both ERI and over-commitment were different among professions.     

Psychosocial work environment and burnout among emergency medical and nursing staff

Objectives: The prevalence of burnout syndrome is increasing among doctors and nurses. The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between the psychosocial work environment and burnout syndrome among emergency medical and nursing staff in Spain. A secondary aim was to determine if the effect of this psychosocial work environment on burnout was different for doctors and nurses. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out by means of a mail questionnaire among 945 emergency doctors and nursing staff of Spain. The outcome variable was three dimensions of burnout syndrome [emotional exhaustion (EE), personal accomplishment (PA), depersonalisation (DP)]. The explanatory variable was that psychosocial work environment evaluated according to Karasek and Johnson’s demand-control model. The adjusted odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals were calculated by logistical regression. Results: The probability of high EE was greater among those exposed to high psychological demands, OR 4.66 (2.75–7.90), low job control, OR 1.65 (1.04–2.63), and low supervisors’ social support, OR 1.64 (1.01–2.59). Emotional exhaustion dimension was negatively influenced by low control only among doctors. Those exposed to low job control had a higher risk of low PA, OR 2.55 (1.66–3.94). There was no evidence of negative effect of psychosocial risk factors on the DP. Prevalence of EE and PA was higher among doctors and nurses. Conclusions: The presence of risk factors derived from work organisation within the work place (psychosocial risk factors) increases the probability of presenting burnout syndrome and, above all, EE.     

天津地区护士职业倦怠状况及其影响因素

目的探讨分析天津地区护士职业倦怠状况及其影响因素。方法采用护士职业倦怠问卷(Maslach Burnout Inven-tory,MBI)、护士工作压力源量表对350名在职护士进行问卷调查。结果①病房护士的职业倦怠程度高于门诊;工作职称越高,职业倦怠程度越低;个人月收入越低,职业倦怠程度越高。②相关性分析结果表明,情绪耗竭、去人格化维度与护士工作压力源5个方面存在正相关,低个人成就感与护士工作压力源5个方面呈负相关。③回归分析结果提示,护士总体工作压力对情绪耗竭、去人格化和低个人成就感3个维度均具有预测作用;个人月收入和职称对情绪耗竭和低个人成就感2个维度均具有预测作用;工作类型对情绪耗竭、来自专业及工作的压力对去人格化均具有预测作用。结论不同的工作压力源和个人背景对护士职业倦怠的3个维度具有不同的预测作用。     

护士职业倦怠与领悟社会支持的关系

目的考察护士职业倦怠现状及与领悟社会支持的关系。方法采用职业倦怠问卷-服务行业版(MB I-HSS)、领悟社会支持评定量表(PSSS)和自编人口学问卷对120名护士进行问卷调查。结果护士职业倦怠的总检出率为55.8%;护龄、职称、工作科室对护士职业倦怠有一定影响,职业倦怠总分与领悟社会支持各维度均呈显著负相关(r=-0.111--0.485,P<0.01)。结论必须重视护士职业倦怠问题,并应充分考虑领悟社会支持对职业倦怠的影响。     

南宁市高校教师职业倦怠现况及其影响因素分析

目的了解南宁市高校教师职业倦怠状况及其影响因素,探讨高校教师职业倦怠与领悟社会支持、应对方式和生活事件的相关性,为缓解和克服教师职业倦怠、有针对性地制定提高教师生存质量的干预措施提供科学依据。方法2019年3~6月通过便利抽样方法,采用一般情况调查问卷、职业倦怠量表(Maslach Burnout inventoryeducators survey,MBI-ES)、领悟社会支持量表(perceived social support scale,PSSS)、特质应对方式量表(trait coping style questionnaire,TCSQ)及生活事件量表(life event scale,LES),对南宁市214名高校教师进行职业倦怠调查。结果不同教龄(F=3.556,P<0.05)、学历(F=4.888,P<0.01)、体育锻炼(F=3.853,P<0.05)、婚姻状况(t=-2.379,P<0.05)的高校教师职业倦怠水平不同,差异均有统计学意义。高校教师领悟社会支持、特质应对方式、生活事件与职业倦怠各维度大部分相关显著(P<0.05)。其他支持、积极应对、体育锻炼程度为职业倦怠的保护因素,消极应对为危险因素。结论其他支持、积极应对、体育锻炼可以有效防控职业倦怠。     

昆明市企业职工工作倦怠的影响因素调查

[目的]了解企业职工的工作倦怠状况及其影响因素。[方法]采用具有较好信度和效度的哥本哈根倦怠量表（Copenhagen Burnout Inventory,CBI）和哥本哈根社会心理问卷（Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire,COPSOQ）对昆明市21家企业的1187名职工进行工作倦怠和工作场所社会心理因素的调查。同时收集职工的一般信息。工作倦怠的影响因素分析采用多元Logistic回归统计方法。[结果]昆明市企业职工中,高工作倦怠者345人,占29.06%。工作于私营企业、较高的工作认可能降低工作倦怠的危险性（ORs值分别为0.55和0.61,P〈0.05）,而高工作定量负荷、快工作节奏、高工作情感负荷及工作家庭冲突均能增高工作倦怠的危险性（ORs值分别为1.52、1.25、1.50、1.68,P〈0.05）。[结论]工作负荷、工作认可及工作家庭冲突是企业职工工作倦怠的主要影响因素,今后的干预措施可以考虑从这几方面入手。     

艾滋病医护人员社会支持在工作压力源与工作倦怠关系中的调节作用

目的了解社会支持各维度在工作压力与工作倦怠之间的调节作用。方法采用艾滋病医护人员工作压力源调查问卷、社会支持问卷和中式工作倦怠量表对342名艾滋病医护人员进行测试,运用SPSS 11.5管理并进行分析。结果(1)艾滋病医护人员的工作压力和工作倦怠显著正相关,工作压力越大,工作倦怠程度越深(P﹤0.01)。(2)社会支持的调节作用主要体现在支持利用和主观支持方面。面对职业风险和社会排斥,高支持利用和高主观支持医护人员的情感耗竭低于具有低支持利用和低主观支持的人员。但人际排斥压力增大时,高主观支持个体的情感耗竭水平上升更快。结论社会支持是工作压力和工作倦怠的有效调节变量,其中支持利用和主观支持的调节作用更显著。     

Burnout syndrome and its determinants among healthcare workers during the first wave of the Covid-19 outbreak in Italy: a cross-sectional study to identify sex-related differences

Introduction: Several studies described burnout levels of healthcare workers (HCWs) during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, sex-related differences remain poorly investigated. Objective: To describe sex-related differences in burnout and its determinants among HCWs during the first pandemic wave of the COVID-19 in Italy. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed between April and May 2020. The framework given by the Job Demands Resources (JD-R) model was used to assess burnout determinants (risk and protective factors). Results: Male HCWs (n=133) had higher levels of depersonalization than female HCWs (P=0,017) and female HCWs (n=399) reported greater emotional exhaustion rates (P=0,005). Female nurses were the most exposed to burnout (OR=2,47; 95%CI=1,33-4,60; P=0,004), emotional exhaustion (OR=1,89; 95% CI=1,03-3,48; P=0,041), and depersonalization (OR=1,91; 95% CI=1,03-3,53; P=0,039). Determinants of burnout differed between sexes, and some paradoxical associations were detected: the score of job demands was a protective factor in females for burnout, emotional exhaustion, and depersonalization, resilience was a risk factor for males. Conclusions: This study reveals that the stressors in male and female HCWs tended to be associated with burnout differently. Both sexes showed alarming burnout levels, even if the weights of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization acted in different ways between the sexes. The revealed paradoxical effects in this study could reflect the study’s cross-sectional nature, highlighting that more resilient and empathic individuals were more consciously overwhelmed by the challenges related to the COVID-19 pandemic, thus reporting higher scores of emotional exhaustion and burnout. Future in-depth and longitudinal analyses are recommended to further explore sex-related differences in burnout among HCWs.     

护士工作倦怠与职业紧张关系

目的探讨护士工作倦怠与职业紧张的关系,改善护士身心健康,提高其生命质量。方法随机抽取辽宁省6所综合医院工作时间>6个月的515名女性护士进行问卷调查,应用工作倦怠问卷(MBI)测量护士的工作倦怠,应用工作内容问卷(JCQ)、付出-回报失衡问卷(ERI)测量护士的职业紧张。结果护士工作倦怠的平均得分:情感衰竭(13.45±7.18),分,消极怠慢(7.21±5.27)分,个人成就感(26.04±10.19)分;单因素分析结果显示,年龄≤30岁、单身、护士长、轮班护士及护患关系严重紧张组的工作倦怠得分高于其他组(P<0.05);按照多元回归分析标准化系数的顺序,护士情绪衰竭的职业紧张影响因素为:外在付出(β=0.383)、内在投入(β=0.226)和决策自主(β=-0.115);消极怠慢的影响因素为:外在付出(β=0.253)、内在投入(β=0.159)、上级支持(β=-0.112)和技术自主(β=-0.098);个人成就感的影响因素为:心理要求(β=-0.159)和技术自主(β=0.130)。结论职业紧张对护士工作倦怠有明显影响。     

Burnout among nurses working in the primary health care centers in Saudi Arabia,a multicenter study

Background: Burnout is a common psychosocial phenomenon among nursing. It has been attributed to prolonged exposure to stress in the work place. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of burnout among nurses in the primary health care centers in Saudi Arabia. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 nurses by using a self-administered questionnaire. Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) was used to measure burnout. Results: Most participants were females (73.0%) and aged ≤35 years (52.0%). About 39% had high emotional exhaustion, 38% had high depersonalization and 85.5% had low personal accomplishment. About 89% (178) scored high at least on one subscale of burnout. Burnout was associated with age, educational level and sources of stress in the workplace. Conclusion: Level of burnout among nurses was high and was associated mainly with stressors in the workplace. Improving work environment and management of stress in the workplace should be a priority to minimize burnout among nurses.     

职业应激对工作疲竭感影响的层次回归分析

目的探讨职业人群中工作疲竭感的影响因素。方法以456名教师与外企员工为研究对象,问卷评估工作疲竭感,同时运用工作要求-自主模式与付出-回报失衡模式问卷评估职业应激程度。运用层次多元回归分析工作疲竭感与个体拓征和职业应激程度之间的关系。结果工作疲竭感3个维度情感耗竭得分为19．70±8．92,人格解体得分为11．95±4．45,个体成就感降低得分为28．10±10．08。职业应激对工作疲竭感的3个维度影响不同。工作要求、工作付出、内在驱动均对情感耗竭呈正向作用,而工作自主性对情感耗竭呈负向作用。人格解体受个体的年龄、性别和受教育程度的明显影响；同时工作自主程度、工作回报及内在驱动影响人格解体得分。个人成就感得分与受教育程度及社会支持关系密切。结论工作疲竭感的预防需要降低职业应激程度,同时关注个体特征。     

Patients with burnout in relation to gender and a general population

AIMS: The aims of this study were to describe gender differences in patients with burnout and compare these patients with a general population with respect to physical, psychosocial and work variables. METHODS: Data were collected from a total of 136 patients (96 women and 40 men, 41.6 +/- 7.4 years), diagnosed with stress-related disease and burnout at the Stress Clinic, University Hospital of Ume?. Data on burnout, physical, psychosocial and work characteristics were compared with similar data from a geographical and age-matched population based survey, the 2004 Northern Sweden MONICA study. The survey sample included a total of 573 participants (283 women and 290 men, 40.7 +/- 8.5 years). RESULTS: Women with burnout reported a higher rate of impaired awakening, lower job control, greater proportion of unpaid work and worked to a greater extent "with people" compared to men. Men with burnout had a more restricted social network and reported working more overtime than women. Patients with burnout reported a higher rate of unemployment, a more restricted social network and higher work demands compared to a general population. Women with burnout reported less emotional support, a more sedentary work situation, high job strain and worked to a greater extent "with people" than women from the general population. CONCLUSIONS: There are some differences in working conditions and social network between women and men with burnout. Patients with burnout differ from a general population regarding individual and social factors as well as work-related factors.     

The contribution of work characteristics,home characteristics and gender to burnout in medical residents

Burnout is highly prevalent in medical residents. In order to prevent or reduce burnout in medical residents, we should gain a better understanding of contributing and protective factors of burnout. Therefore we examined the associations of job demands and resources, home demands and resources, and work–home interferences with burnout in male and female medical residents. This study was conducted on a nation-wide sample of medical residents. In 2005, all Dutch medical residents (n = 5245) received a self-report questionnaire on burnout, job and home demands and resources and work–home interference. Path analysis was used to examine the associations between job and home characteristics and work–home interference and burnout in both males and females. In total, 2115 (41.1 %) residents completed the questionnaire. In both sexes emotional demands at work and the interference between work and home were important contributors to burnout, especially when work interferes with home life. Opportunities for job development appeared to be an important protective factor. Other contributing and protective factors were different for male and female residents. In females, social support from family or partner seemed protective against burnout. In males, social support from colleagues and participation in decision-making at work seemed important. Effectively handling emotional demands at work, dealing with the interference between work and home, and having opportunities for job development are the most essential factors which should be addressed. However it is important to take gender differences into consideration when implementing preventive or therapeutic interventions for burnout in medical residents.     

应对方式、社会支持对高校学生管理人员职业倦怠的影响

目的 调查研究乌鲁木齐市高校学生管理人员的职业倦怠现况及影响因素,分析其与应对方式、社会支持的关联,为强化育人阵地提供理论支持。 方法 采用整群抽样的方法,抽取乌鲁木齐高校学生管理人员547人,运用职业倦怠量表、简易应对方式量表、社会支持量表调查其心理状况、应对策略及社会支持情况。 结果 高校学生管理人员职业倦怠检出率80.44%,积极应对得分(23.40±7.61)分,社会支持得分(33.20±14.77)分,年龄、工龄、学历、岗位、职务、职称、平均下班时间、每月休整日、社会支持水平、应对倾向在职业倦怠3个维度以及总分上总体差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);主观支持、积极维度、支持利用度、客观支持、社会支持得分均与职业倦怠3个维度及总分呈负相关(r=-0.946～-0.612,均P<0.001),消极维度与职业倦怠3个维度及总分呈正相关(r=0.701～0.742,均P<0.001);逐步线性回归显示工龄、学历、应对倾向、平均下班时间、岗位、职务、每月休整日、职称、社会支持水平是职业倦怠的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。 结论 高校学生管理人员的职业倦怠虽普遍存在,但其所处的社会支持情况及应对策略比较良好,应继续加大政策支持及组织关怀,优化考核内容,促进健康心态,进而保障高校育人质量及健康可持续发展。     

A Comparison of the Effect of Work Stress on Burnout and Quality of Life Between Female Nurses and Female Doctors

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to compare the effect of work stress on job burnout and quality of life between female nurses and doctors in China. The participants were 947 female nurses and 685 female doctors selected from Fujian provinces by using stratified cluster sampling method. The Chinese version of Short Form-36 Health Survey was used to measure quality of life; the Occupation Stress Inventory—Revised Edition was applied for occupational stress; and the Maslach Burnout Inventory—General Survey was used to assess job burnout. Occupational stress (indicated by different stressors) played an important role in job burnout and quality of life among female nurses and female doctors when taking into account other potential influencing factors simultaneously. These results show that it is important to adopt different preventive measures to prevent burnout and improve quality of life among the 2 populations according to the different stressors.     

Synergistic interaction between job control and social support at work on depression,burnout, and insomnia among Japanese civil servants

Purpose

To elucidate whether low job control and low social support at work have synergistic interaction on mental health. The synergistic interaction was also analyzed after stratification by high and low job demands.

Methods

Participants were 2,121 local government employees in Asahikawa city, Japan. The Brief Job Stress Questionnaire was used to assess job demands, job control, and social support. Depression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey was used to assess burnout. Insomnia was assessed using the Athens Insomnia Scale. Possible confounder-adjusted logistic regression analyses were performed to obtain odds ratios for depression, burnout, and insomnia, and synergy indices between job control and social support at work were assessed.

Results

The synergy indices among men and women, respectively, were 2.08 (80 % confidence interval: 1.01, 4.27) and 1.98 (0.67, 5.89) for depression, 1.79 (1.28, 2.51) and 2.62 (1.07, 6.40) for burnout, and 1.92 (1.22, 3.02) and 2.77 (0.43, 18.01) for insomnia. Men with high job demands had higher synergistic interaction on depression and burnout, compared to men with low job demands, and women with low job demands had higher synergistic interaction between job control and social support at work on burnout and insomnia, compared to women with high job demands.

Conclusions

There were more-than-additive interactions of job control and social support at work on depression, burnout, and insomnia. After stratification by job demands, the synergistic interaction may be different between men and women. To assess job stress, it is necessary to consider the interactive effect of not only job demands and job control but also job control and social support at work.

     

在职注册护士职业倦怠及影响因素现况调查

目的：了解在职注册护士职业倦怠现状并探讨其主要影响因素。方法按浙江省28家医院注册护士总数的10%抽取1740名护士,进行Maslach职业倦怠调查量表调查;再按情绪耗竭、去个性化和职业效能3个维度分析,并对不同医院等级、年龄和护龄的护士进行比较。结果护士轻度倦怠占48.90%,中度倦怠占46.60%,重度倦怠占4.50%。三甲医院护士的职业倦怠总平均得分最高,为3.25±0.96;外科护士年龄30-40岁,护龄5年以上职业倦怠得分高于护龄5年以下者（ P〈0.05）。结论浙江省护士职业倦怠总体处于轻中度水平,医院等级、工龄是影响职业倦怠度的重要因素。     

上海市青浦区社区卫生服务中心医务人员职业倦怠与职业紧张相关性研究

目的 了解上海市青浦区社区卫生服务中心医务人员职业紧张与职业倦怠情况,并分析职业倦怠的影响因素。
方法 采用随机整群抽样的方法,以青浦区3家社区卫生服务中心480名医务人员为调查对象,采用付出-回报失衡问卷（ERI）和职业倦怠通用量表（MBI-GS）分别对社区医务人员的职业紧张状况和职业倦怠状况进行调查。
结果 回收完整有效问卷445份,有效率96.95%。存在职业紧张的医务人员为54人（占12.14%）,存在职业倦怠的医务人员为328名（占73.71%）。存在职业紧张的社区卫生服务中心医务人员其情感衰竭、消极怠慢和专业低效能感的平均得分均高于无职业紧张状况者（P < 0.01）。MBI-GS问卷各维度（专业低效能感、情感衰竭、消极怠慢）和ERI问卷中的付出、内在付出维度以及职业紧张程度呈正相关（r=0.27~0.59,P < 0.01）,和回报维度呈负相关（r=-0.47~-0.29,P < 0.01）。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,职称高（OR=1.71,P < 0.01）、工龄短（OR=0.97,P < 0.01）、职业紧张程度高（OR=39.70,P < 0.01）和内在付出得分高（OR=1.16,P < 0.01）是社区卫生服务中心医务人员发生职业倦怠的危险因素。
结论 青浦区社区卫生服务中心医务人员职业紧张与职业倦怠较为严重,两者之间存在相关性。应针对影响职业倦怠发生的人口学因素进行分析,并对职业紧张进行有针对性的干预,以预防职业倦怠的发生。