ZNF224和DEPDC1在肺腺癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的探究锌指蛋白224(ZNF224)、DEP结构域蛋白1(DEPDC1)在肺腺癌(LUAD)中的表达及其临床意义。 方法收集73例LUAD组织及相应的癌旁组织。采用qRT-PCR法测定LUAD组织、癌旁组织ZNF224、DEPDC1 mRNA相对表达量。免疫组化法测定LUAD组织、癌旁组织ZNF224、DEPDC1蛋白表达情况。分析LUAD组织ZNF224、DEPDC1 mRNA及其蛋白与LUAD临床病理特征的关系；Pearson相关性分析LUAD组织ZNF224 mRNA及其蛋白分别与DEPDC1 mRNA及其蛋白的相关性；Kaplan-Meier生存曲线法分析LUAD组织ZNF224、DEPDC1 mRNA表达与LUAD预后的关系；COX回归法分析影响LUAD患者预后的因素。 结果LUAD组织ZNF224、DEPDC1 mRNA表达及其蛋白表达阳性率均高于癌旁组织(P＜0.05)。LUAD组织TNM分期、分化程度、淋巴结转移,ZNF224低表达组与高表达组、DEPDC1低表达组与高表达组比较,差异均有显著性(P＜0.05)。LUAD组织中ZNF224 mRNA和蛋白表达分别与DEPDC1 mRNA和蛋白表达呈正相关(P＜0.05)；ZNF224、DEPDC1 mRNA低表达组LUAD患者累积生存率分别高于其高表达组(P＜0.05)。TNM分期、ZNF224 mRNA、DEPDC1 mRNA、淋巴结转移是影响LUAD患者不良预后的独立危险因素(P＜0.05)。 结论LUAD组织ZNF224、DEPDC1表达较高,二者呈正相关,且均与LUAD患者预后关系密切,有望作为评估LUAD患者预后的潜在标志物。     

基于生物信息学方法分析脑胶质瘤组织中糖蛋白M6A的表达

目的 探讨糖蛋白M6A(glycoprotein M6A,GPM6A)在脑胶质瘤标本中的表达及其临床意义。方法 运用生物信息学方法分析中国脑胶质瘤基因组图谱(Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas,CGGA)数据库325例患者GPM6A表达情况及其与临床病理参数关系。运用STRING在线数据库筛选分析GO功能注释以及与GPM6A相互作用的可能蛋白-蛋白作用功能网络。利用TIMER2.0数据库评估GPM6A与胶质瘤细胞纯度及浸润性CD8⁺T细胞水平之间的关系。结果 CGGA数据库在线分析显示,在各病理组织学分级(WHO:G₂、G₃、G₄级)与各组织学病理分型中均有GPM6A表达,各分级或各分型脑胶质瘤的GPM6A表达水平比较,差异均有统计学意义(分级:F=50.25,P＜0.001;分型:F=14.26,P＜0.001);GPM6A表达水平与分子IDH突变状态、1p19q联合缺失以及患者年龄密切相关,差异有统计学意义(P均＜0.01),但与患者性别无关(t=1.45,P>0.05)。GPM6A表达水平在原发性胶质瘤中稍高于继发性胶质瘤,差异无统计学意义(t=1.82,P＞0.05)。患者生存期数据分析显示,在低级别胶质瘤中GPM6A低表达的患者生存期较GPM6A高表达患者明显缩短(χ²=69.79,P＜0.001),但GBM患者中,无论GPM6A表达水平高低,生存期差异无统计学意义(χ²=0.63,P＞0.05)。GO功能分析显示,GPM6A与神经系统中跨膜蛋白运输、突触形成与发育、细胞之间信息交流等功能密切相关。TIMER2.0数据库分析显示GPM6A与胶质瘤肿瘤细胞纯度和浸润的CD8⁺T细胞水平正相关。结论 GPM6A低表达胶质瘤患者预后显著差于高表达患者,其表达水平可作为评估胶质瘤预后的预测因素。     

ncRNA介导的EphB4上调与低级别胶质瘤不良预后及肿瘤免疫浸润的相关性

目的 探讨促红细胞生成素生成人肝细胞受体B4(erythropoietin-producing human hepatocellular receptors B4,EphB4)在低级别胶质瘤(lower-grade glioma,LGG)组织中的表达、其上游靶点以及与患者预后及肿瘤免疫浸润的相关性,分析其作为治疗靶点的潜在作用。方法 首先应用癌症基因组图谱(The Cancer Genome Atlas,TCGA)数据库胶质瘤数据分析EphB4在胶质瘤与正常脑组织中的表达差异,并用基因表达谱交互分析(Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis,GEPIA)数据库分析EphB4对不同癌症生存期的影响。用R语言和starBase数据库分析EphB4可能上游调节非编码RNA (non-coding RNA,ncRNA)。用肿瘤免疫评估资源(Tumor Immune Estimation Resource,TIMER)数据库进行EphB4表达与肿瘤免疫细胞浸润、免疫细胞生物学标志物和免疫检查点相关性分析。结果 UBA6-AS1/hsa-miR-346轴是最有潜力影响LGG中EphB4表达的上游ncRNA相关通路。同时,EphB4水平与LGG肿瘤免疫细胞浸润、免疫细胞生物学标志物、免疫检查点表达均呈显著正相关。结论 ncRNA介导的EphB4上调与LGG的不良预后和肿瘤免疫浸润相关。     

BICD货物接头蛋白1基因作为胶质瘤级别进展分子标志物的研究

目的 检测BICD货物接头蛋白1（BICD1）基因在中国人群各级别胶质瘤样本中的表达水平,并探讨其在低级别胶质瘤向高级别胶质瘤进展过程中的潜在作用。方法 从中国脑胶质瘤基因组图谱（CGGA）的全转录组表达谱芯片数据库和全转录组测序数据库中收集BICD1的mRNA表达数据,结合胶质瘤的世界卫生组织（WHO）级别、分子亚型、患者无进展生存期和总生存期及经典分子标志物的表达与突变数据,分析BICD1表达与胶质瘤的级别进展及恶性程度的相关性。收集WHO Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ级胶质瘤组织各10例,提取RNA并反转录为cDNA进行实时荧光定量PCR（qPCR）,分析各级别胶质瘤样本中BICD1在转录水平上的表达差异。结果 CGGA全转录组表达谱芯片和全转录组测序数据库中提取的表达数据显示,BICD1的表达水平随着胶质瘤的级别升高而升高（WHO Ⅲ及Ⅳ级vs WHO Ⅱ级：t=7.901,P<0.01）。qPCR结果显示较高级别的胶质瘤组织中BICD1的表达水平更高（WHO Ⅲ级vs WHO Ⅱ级：t=3.514,P<0.01;WHO Ⅳ级vs Ⅲ级：t=2.128,P=0.037 6）。BICD1高表达与胶质瘤患者更短的无进展生存期和总生存期均有关（P均<0.01）。BICD1在前神经元型、神经元型、经典型和间质型胶质瘤样本中的表达水平不同（F=21.8,P<0.01）,其中间质型胶质瘤样本中BICD1表达水平最高,前神经元型胶质瘤样本中表达水平最低。BICD1的表达水平与异柠檬酸脱氢酶1（IDH1）突变、染色体1p19q联合缺失、人第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶和张力蛋白同源基因（PTEN）突变等指示胶质瘤恶性程度的经典分子标志物相关,其中IDH1突变胶质瘤样本中BICD1的表达水平低于野生型样本（t=7.769,P<0.01）。结论 BICD1可能是指示低级别胶质瘤发生级别进展和恶性进展的潜在分子标志物。     

磁共振DWI评估脑胶质瘤预后及其与肿瘤细胞Ki-67表达及IDH1基因型的相关性

目的 研究磁共振扩散加权成像(DWI)预测脑胶质瘤预后的价值,进一步探讨其与肿瘤细胞Ki-67表达及IDH1基因突变状态的相关性。方法 纳入58例胶质瘤患者,其中21例低级别胶质瘤患者、37例高级别胶质瘤患者;对高、低级别胶质瘤组不同的表观扩散系数(ADC)值进行生存分析,并找出胶质瘤的独立预后因素;进一步比较表观扩散系数(ADC)与肿瘤增殖生物标志物Ki-67表达及IDH1基因突变状态的相关性。结果 ADC值<1.020的患者比ADC值≥1.020的患者生存期短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.0001);ADC值、Ki-67表达、IDH1基因突变状态是胶质瘤的独立预后因素(P<0.05)。ADC值与肿瘤增殖生物标志物Ki-67表达呈负相关(r=-5.00,P<0.01)。结论 DWI参数ADC值可作为胶质瘤患者的独立预后指标,有效评估胶质瘤患者预后;ADC值也有助于预测胶质瘤患者Ki-67的表达。     

补体C3a受体1与低级别胶质瘤预后及免疫细胞浸润的关系

目的 借助癌症基因组图谱(TCGA)数据库研究低级别胶质瘤(LGG)组织中补体C3a受体1(C3AR1)的表达水平及其与LGG患者预后及肿瘤免疫细胞浸润的关系.方法 从TCGA数据库下载514例LGG患者的基因表达谱数据和临床信息.比较C3AR1基因在LGG组织和正常组织中的表达水平,分析不同WHO分级LGG组织样本中C3AR1基因的表达量及与患者预后的关系,分析LGG患者临床特征和C3AR1基因表达水平对患者预后的影响,分析LGG组织中C3AR1基因表达与肿瘤免疫细胞浸润的相关性及免疫细胞浸润水平对患者预后的影响.对与C3AR1基因表达呈正相关的基因群进行京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路富集分析.结果 LGG组织中C3AR1基因表达水平高于正常组织(P<0.05).C3AR1基因在WHOⅢ级LGG组织中的表达高于WHOⅡ级(P<0.05),C3AR1基因低表达组患者的预后优于高表达组(HR=1.7,95％CI 1.1～2.4,P=0.0036).患者年龄、LGG级别和C3AR1基因表达水平是LGG的独立预后因素(P均<0.01).C3AR1基因的表达水平与LGG的免疫细胞浸润水平呈正相关(P均<0.01),且后者影响LGG患者预后.与C3AR1基因表达呈正相关基因群的干扰素 γ介导的信号通路、Ig/主要组织相容性复合体(MHC)保守位点、Ig样Cl型结构域、MHCⅠ/Ⅱ类抗原识别蛋白、连接肽特定区域、Toll样受体信号通路等多条通路参与调控LGG.结论 C3AR1与LGG的预后和免疫细胞浸润有关,可能成为LGG分级诊断、免疫治疗和预后判断的生物标志物.     

Smo、Gli2及FoxM1对神经胶质瘤诊断和预后的评估价值

目的探讨Smo、胶质瘤相关癌基因同源蛋白2(Gli2)及叉头框转录因子M1(FoxM1)对神经胶质瘤诊断和预后的评估价值。 方法取80例神经胶质瘤标本为神经胶质瘤组,60例正常脑组织标本为正常组。免疫组化法检测两组Smo、Gli2、FoxM1表达水平,分析其与神经胶质瘤患者临床病理特征的关系;Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析不同Smo、Gli2、FoxM1表达水平神经胶质瘤患者预后的差异,分析影响神经胶质瘤预后的相关因素。 结果神经胶质瘤组织Smo、Gli2、FoxM1高表达率均高于正常脑组织,且随神经胶质瘤患者组织学分级升高而表达率增高(P＜0.05)。不同组织学分级、不同Smo、Gli2、FoxM1表达水平的神经胶质瘤患者5年生存率存在显著差异(P＜0.05)。组织学Ⅲ~Ⅳ级、Smo高表达、Gli2高表达、FoxM1高表达是神经胶质瘤预后的危险因素(P＜0.05)。 结论Smo、Gli2、FoxM1高表达是神经胶质瘤预后的危险因素,三者有望作为神经胶质瘤诊断和预后的判断指标。     

SFRP1、LINE1基因启动子区CpG岛甲基化状态在肝细胞癌预后评估的价值

目的 探讨分泌型卷曲相关蛋白（SFRP）1、长散在核元件（LINE）1基因启动子区CpG岛甲基化与人原发性肝癌( 简称肝癌)临床病理参数的关系,及其在肝癌预后评估的意义。方法 收集105例肝癌患者血浆和50例对照健康人血浆DNA,使用甲基化特异性PCR（MSP）检测了SFRP1基因启动子区CpG岛高甲基化和LINE1基因启动子区CpG岛低甲基化的情况;分析两种基因启动子甲基化和肝癌患者临床病理参数之间的关系;通过Kaplan-Meier曲线、对数秩检验及Cox多因素分析,分析SFRP1、LINE1基因甲基化状态与肝癌患者总生存率及无病生存率之间的关系。 结果 105例肝癌患者血浆中SFRP1基因启动子区CpG 岛高甲基化阳性率为59.05 % (62/105),LINE1基因启动子区CpG岛低甲基化率为66.67%（70/105）,基因SFRP1高甲基化和LINE1低甲基化表达均阳性为43.81% (46/105),正常对照组中未发现有这两种基因甲基化;SFRP1高甲基化、LINE1低甲基化均与HBsAg是否阳性及甲胎蛋白（AFP）值相关(P<0.05);SFRP1、LINE1基因启动子区域的甲基化状态与总生存率及无病生存率有关：SFRP1高甲基化阴性+LINE1低甲基化阴性组患者预后最好,而SFRP1高甲基化阳性+LINE1低甲基化阳性组患者预后最差。结论 SFRP1、LINE1基因启动子区CpG岛甲基化与肝癌的发生、发展有一定联系,SFRP1和LINE1基因甲基化状态可以作为潜在可靠的分子标记物对患者预后进行预测。     

GTSE1在肝癌中的表达及其对预后和免疫浸润的影响

目的 研究G₂/S期应答相关蛋白1(G₂ and S phase-expressed protein 1,GTSE1)在肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)中的表达、免疫学作用和预后分析,及其潜在作用机制。方法 使用公共数据库癌症基因组图谱(The Cancer Genome Atlas, TCGA)提供的数据,用Kaplan-Meier、肿瘤免疫评估资源(Tumor Immune Estimation Resource, TIMER)数据库和基因表达谱交互分析(Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis,GEPIA)数据库进行GTSE1基因表达、免疫学作用及预后分析,通过免疫组化实验验证GTSE1在临床样本中的表达,应用R软件对GTSE1相关差异基因进行基因本体(gene ontology, GO)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, KEGG)富集分析。结果 GTSE1在人类癌组织中显著高表达,且与肝细胞癌预后不良显著相关(P＜0.05);GTSE1基因表达与HCC中浸润性免疫细胞的丰度显著相关(P＜0.001)。GTSE1相关的差异表达基因主要富集于核分裂、细胞器裂变、离子通道活性等基因模块;其参与的信号通路主要包括神经活性配体-受体的相互作用、细胞周期等。结论 GTSE1在HCC中的表达显著上调并与患者预后不良显著相关,且在免疫细胞浸润中发挥重要作用,可作为HCC的预后标志物和免疫治疗靶点。     

脑胶质瘤组织中Tip60蛋白表达与预后关系

目的 揭示脑胶质瘤组织中Tip60蛋白表达与临床病理特征及长期预后的关系。方法 收集108例脑胶质瘤肿瘤标本,采用免疫组织化学方法检测神经胶质瘤组织Tip60蛋白表达,统计分析Tip60蛋白表达与患者性别、年龄、组织学分级、肿瘤部位、肿瘤类型、肿瘤直径和KPS评分等临床病理特征及5年总生存时间的关系。结果 脑胶质瘤组织中Tip60蛋白表达与肿瘤级别密切相关,高级别胶质瘤比低级别胶质瘤Tip60蛋白表达显著减少(P<0.001)。Tip60蛋白低表达组患者平均5年总生存时间25.3个月(95%CI:20.9~29.8),Tip60蛋白高表达组患者平均5年总生存时间38.9个月(95%CI:32.9~45.0);经Log-rank检验,低表达组平均5年总生存时间显著短于高表达组(P=0.001)。多因素COX回归分析显示,Tip60蛋白低表达是5年总生存时间缩短的独立危险因素(HR=1.762,95%CI:1.028~3.020,P=0.039)。结论 Tip60蛋白与神经胶质瘤恶性程度密切相关,Tip60蛋白低表达是神经胶质瘤长期预后不良的独立危险因素。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.     

Possible Spread of adenovirus type 3 from poultry to humans ：indirect evidence from an outbreak in China

Objective:To explore the epidemiology and etiology for an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection that occurred in one county of Jiangsu Province, China 2004. Methods: Only cases meeting the case definition were included in the study. We reviewed the medical records of the cases who were admitted to the local hospitals, interviewed cases by a standard questionnaire, and then described the epidemiotogic features and analyzed risk factors by means of a case-control study. We collected pharyngeal swab specimens and sent them to different laboratories for isolation and culture. The laboratory used different detection methods such as DIP, PCR, electron microscope examination and microneutralization assay, to identify and then type the positive specimens. Results:A total of 871 cases were reported during the period from April 18 to July 4,2004. The distribution of onset times presented two peaks, one in late May and another in middle June. The epidemic occurred mainly in the elementary and junior high schools in ten townships of one county, and the mean age of the cases was 12 years (range 7 months to 18 years). The course of the disease was acute, and was characterized by fever accompanied with sore throat and tonsillitis. The WBC count of cases was normal or elevated. The mean duration of illness was 5 days (range 2 to 12 days). No fatalities from illness were reported. A case-control study indicated that the possible risk factors were close contact with a case and/or poultry before onset and sharing of towels among members of the family. The typical CPE was observed through inoculating pharyngeal swab specimens into the HEP-2 cell cultures in different laboratories. An infection of adenovirus type 3 was verified by detecting positive specimens in different methods. Conclusion:This investigation demonstrated that the acute respiratory infection in cases was caused by adenovirus type 3. Cases occurred in over 70 schools in ten townships in 2004, and the route of transmission was possibly close contact with cases or droplet transmission.