超选择性动脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死39例临床分析

目的探讨急性脑梗死患者动脉溶栓治疗的有效性和安全性。方法 39例急性脑梗死患者,采用超选择性动脉溶栓的方法,尿激酶以1万U/min持续泵入,总量为50-100万U,平均73.5万U。并比较溶栓前、后1、7、14天的NIHSS评分。结果 39例患者颈内动脉闭塞4例,大脑中动脉主干闭塞14例,大脑中动脉分支15例,椎-基底动脉系统血管闭塞6例。闭塞再通情况,颈内动脉2例,大脑中动脉主干10例,大脑中动脉分支9例,椎-基底动脉系统5例。结论超选择性动脉溶栓治疗能明显提高血管再通率,明显改善预后,是治疗急性脑梗死比较安全和有效的方法。     

急性脑梗塞的动脉内溶栓治疗

目的探讨急性脑梗塞患者的动脉内接触性溶栓治疗。方法分析150例急性脑梗塞患者，男98例、女52例、平均（60＋10）岁，治疗时间为起病1—24小时。根据闭塞部位超选择性接触性溶栓，DSA下全脑血管造影，尿激酶以微量泵持续泵人，过程中经导引导管造影，了解闭塞血管再通情况。结果颈内动脉系统血管闭塞88例、椎一基底动脉系统血管闭塞58例、脑血管造影元明显异常4例。溶栓后颈内动脉闭塞再通10例、大脑前动脉闭塞再通25例、大脑中动脉及分支闭塞再通27例、椎一基底动脉系统闭塞再通38例、有一例因合并明显血管狭窄行球囊扩张及支架置人术。结论动脉内接触性溶栓治疗急性脑梗塞是可行的，随着介入放射技术进展及经验的增加显示出临床应用优势。     

急性缺血性脑卒中动脉内溶栓治疗的疗效观察

目的探讨急性缺血性脑卒中使用动脉内溶栓方法治疗的效果。方法回顾92例急性缺血性脑卒中患者，发病距接受治疗的时间为3～24h，采取超选择性动脉溶栓。结果颈内动脉闭塞15例，大脑中动脉主干闭塞25例，大脑中动脉分支闭塞22例，大脑前动脉闭塞1例，椎基底动脉系统血管闭塞8支。脑血管造影未见异常21例。闭塞血管再通者，颈内动脉8例；大脑中动脉16例；大脑中动脉分支14例；椎基底动脉5例。5例患者因明显血管狭窄，治疗后予以球囊扩张，支架植入术占临床症状完全恢复或明显好转55例，溶栓后脑出血患者3例。结论超选择动脉内溶栓是治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的有效方法。     

动脉内溶栓治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的临床研究

目的探讨使用动脉内溶栓方法治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的效果。方法回顾138例急性缺血性脑卒中患者,发病距接受治疗的时间为3-24h,采取超选择性动脉溶栓。结果颈内动脉闭塞22例,大脑中动脉主干闭塞38例,大脑中动脉分支闭塞33例,大脑前动脉闭塞1例,椎基底动脉系统血管闭塞12例。闭塞血管再通者,颈内动脉12例;大脑中动脉24例;大脑中动脉分支21例,椎基底动脉8例。临床症状状完全恢复或明显好转83例,溶栓后脑出血患者5例。结论超选择动脉内溶栓是治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的有效方法。     

急性缺血性脑卒中动脉内溶栓治疗的疗效观察

目的 探讨急性缺血性脑卒中使用动脉内溶栓方法治疗的效果.方法 回顾92例急性缺血性脑卒中患者,发病距接受治疗的时间为3-24h,采取超选择性动脉溶栓.结果 颈内动脉闭塞15例,大脑中动脉主干闭塞25例,大脑中动脉分支闭塞22例,大脑前动脉闭塞1例,椎基底动脉系统血管闭塞8支.脑血管造影未见异常21例.闭塞血管再通者,颈内动脉8例;大脑中动脉16例;大脑中动脉分支14例;椎基底动脉5例.5例患者因明显血管狭窄,治疗后予以球囊扩张,支架植入术.临床症状完全恢复或明显好转55例,溶栓后脑出血患者3例.结论 超选择动脉内溶栓是治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的有效方法.     

动脉内接触性溶栓治疗急性椎基底动脉血栓的临床观察

目的:观察分析椎基底动脉系统急性脑梗死采用动脉内接触性溶栓治疗的安全性和疗效。方法:对入选符合溶栓条件的椎基底动脉系统急性脑梗死的患者,经全脑血管造影检查证实梗塞部位及责任血管后,行介入方法椎基底动脉内接触性溶栓。先用微导丝和微导管探查血栓,自血栓内穿过至血栓远端,以了解血栓的长度和部位,然后用微导丝在血栓近端捣碎,随后将微导管头端置于血栓近端通过微导管局部分次推注尿激酶,根据血栓溶解及血管再通情况控制尿激酶总量在150万U以内。术中适时检测凝血时间及纤维蛋白原。结果:自2005年～2008年共选择治疗12例病人,溶栓后血管再通10例(83.3%),未成功再通2例(16.7%),10例再通病人中8例疗效良好。溶栓后发现基础血管中重度狭窄3例。结论:急诊动脉溶栓是急性椎基底动脉栓塞和血栓形成有效治疗方法,可增加血管再通率,明显改善椎基底动脉缺血性卒中病人的预后。     

动脉内接触性溶栓治疗58例急性缺血性脑卒中

目的探讨急性缺血性脑卒中动脉内接触性溶栓治疗的安全性和有效性。方法对58例急性缺血性脑卒中在起病2.5～14h内进行尿激酶超选择性动脉内接触性溶栓,尿激酶用量25万～125万U（平均75万U）。结果 58例脑血管造影发现血栓闭塞51例,溶栓后成功再通37例。溶栓后发现3例血管狭窄明显,行球囊扩张,支架置入术。无血栓闭塞7例。临床症状完全恢复正常21例,明显好转17例,死亡2例。并发脑出血2例,上消化道出血8例。结论超选择动脉内接触性溶栓可使血栓局部迅速达到较高的血药浓度,疗效好,见效快,用药总量小,并发症少。     

超选择性动脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死临床分析

目的 观察应用尿激酶动脉溶栓治疗急性颈内动脉系统脑梗死的疗效及并发症.方法 对20例发病小于6 h的急性颈内动脉系统脑梗死患者行超选择性动脉尿激酶溶栓治疗.其中颈内动脉主干闭塞5例,大脑中动脉M1段闭塞10例,大脑前动脉闭塞2例,另3例未见明显责任血管,考虑为穿支动脉闭塞.结果 经溶栓治疗后血管完全再通9例,完全再通率...     

急性缺血性脑卒中超早期选择性动脉溶栓21例临床分析

目的探讨和总结急性缺血性脑卒中超早期动脉内介入溶栓的时机及经验。方法本院2011年12月至2013年3月共开展急性脑梗死超早期动脉内溶栓术21例,对21例符合溶栓时间窗（颈内动脉系统起病6h内,椎基底动脉系统起病24h内）临床诊断急性缺血性脑卒中、急诊CT未见对应影像学改变的患者急诊直接进入介入导管室行选择动脉内溶栓治疗。6例为后循环急性闭塞,12例为大脑中动脉主干闭塞,3例为颈内动脉主干闭塞。分析血管的再通情况以及术后出血和脑肿胀情况,对比分析术前及出院时美国国立卫生院神经功能缺损评分（NIHSS）。结果21例患者中,手术溶栓后血管完全再通14例（再通率66．7％）,其中术后72h症状好转10例,3例症状未见好转,1例术后24h复查CT见出血性转化死亡;7例患者血管未直接开通,改行单纯动脉内溶栓,尿激酶总量≤70万U,术后72h内症状好转2例,症状未见改善5例,其中1例大面积脑梗死开颅手术减压后重残生存。结论超早期缺血性脑卒中进行溶栓和取栓治疗,可以提高血管的再通和改善预后,对于时间窗内患者应该积极行选择性介入溶栓治疗。     

超早期动脉溶栓联合机械碎栓治疗颈内动脉系统脑梗死的临床探讨

目的:观察超早期动脉溶栓联合机械碎栓治疗颈内动脉系统脑梗死的安全性、可行性及疗效.方法:对13例发病4.5 h以内的颈内动脉系统脑梗死患者实施选择性动脉内尿激酶溶栓联合机械碎栓治疗,其中颈内动脉闭塞4例,大脑中动脉闭塞 9例,全组患者经头颅CT排除颅内出血及低密度病灶.结果:4例颈内动脉闭塞患者2例血管完全再通,1例部分再通,1例无变化,其中3例患者死亡,1例神经功能部分改善;9例大脑中动脉闭塞患者7例血管完全再通,2例部分再通,患者神经功能均明显改善.结论:选择性动脉内尿激酶溶栓联合机械碎栓治疗超早期颈内动脉系统脑梗死患者能使闭塞血管尽快开通,改善神经功能缺损,但疗效与血管闭塞部位相关.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.