体外受精-胚胎移植与单精子卵胞浆内注射妊娠结局的比较与分析

目的　探讨体外受精 胚胎移植 (IVF ET)和单精子卵胞浆内注射 (ICSI)的妊娠结局及围产儿结局。方法　回顾性分析 1999年 1月至 2 0 0 1年 6月 ,行IVF ET获得妊娠的 14 3例 (IVF ET组 )及行ICSI获得妊娠的 173例 (ICSI组 )的临床资料 ,比较两组的生化妊娠、流产、异位妊娠、多胎分娩发生率及新生儿出生体重、胎儿孕龄、先天性畸形、围产儿死亡率的情况 ;并对两组单胎、双胎妊娠的结局分别进行比较。结果　IVF ET组与ICSI组两组患者的年龄、不孕年限、产次、移植胚胎数、流产率 (16 1%、13 3% )、分娩率 (6 5 7%、74 6 % )、多胎分娩发生率 (2 7 3%、31 8% )比较 ,差异均无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。单胎妊娠中 ,IVF ET组与ICSI组低体重儿的发生率分别为 1 8%、6 8% ,小于胎龄儿的发生率分别为 7 3%、8 1% ,早产的发生率分别为 5 5 %、14 9% ;双胎妊娠中 ,IVF ET组与ICSI组低体重儿的发生率分别为 34 2 %、4 2 6 % ,小于胎龄儿的发生率分别为 30 3%、38 0 % ,早产的发生率分别为 4 2 1%、4 6 3%。两组间上述各发生率比较 ,差异均无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。但双胎妊娠中 ,上述各发生率均明显高于单胎妊娠。两者比较 ,差异均有极显著性 (P <0 0 1)。先天性畸形的发生率 ,IVF ET组与ICSI组分别为 2 2 %     

体外受精胚胎移植后妊娠结局分析

目的　探讨通过体外受精 -胚胎移植妊娠妇女的妊娠结局。方法　对自 2 0 0 0年 9月～ 2 0 0 2年1 1月在我院实施IVF -ET的 75例患者 ,80个妊娠周期的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果　 80个周期中 ,宫内妊娠率 96 2 5 % (77/ 80 ) ,其中自然流产率 2 3 75 % (1 9/ 80 ) ;妊娠 <1 6周流产率 1 6 2 5 % (1 3/ 80 ) ;妊娠 >1 6周流产率 7 5 0 % (6 / 80 ) ,其中 5周期均发生双胎妊娠 ;分娩率 72 5 0 % (5 8/ 80 ) ,早产率 1 5 0 0 % (1 2 / 80 ) ,宫外孕发生率 3 75 % (3/ 80 )。新生儿死亡率 3 6 1 % (3/ 83) ,均死于三胎妊娠早产。结论　减少IVF -ET后多胎妊娠率 ,加强多胎妊娠的整个孕期监护 ,以利于减少多胎妊娠 >1 6周流产率及早产率 ,是降低IVF -ET后妊娠胎儿丢失的有效方法     

体外受精-胚胎移植后妊娠产科结局分析

目的　研究体外受精 胚胎移植 (IVF ET)术后妊娠的母儿围生期特点。方法　采用病例对照方法 ,选择行IVF ET术后妊娠并于 1993年 1月至 2 0 0 2年 12月分娩的妇女 2 5 5例 ,与同期分娩的自然受孕的妇女17175例对照 ,研究IVF ET术后妊娠的围生期情况。结果　IVF ET单胎妊娠的早产、前置胎盘、糖耐量试验(OGTT)异常、产后出血、剖宫产率高于自然受孕组 ,P <0 0 5。IVF ET双胎妊娠的分娩孕周、新生儿体重低于单胎妊娠 ,P <0 0 5 ;中度及重度妊娠期高血压疾病 (妊高征 )、胎膜早破发生率高于单胎妊娠 ,P <0 0 5。结论　IVF ET妊娠是高危妊娠 ,多胎妊娠率高是导致早产和低体重儿显著增多的主要原因 ,加强孕期保健 ,及时治疗并发症可获得良好的妊娠结局。     

三种促超排卵方案体外受精-胚胎移植临床妊娠率的分析

目的 :分析 3种促超排卵方案 (tropichyperovulationprogramme ,THOP)体外受精 -胚胎移植 (IVF -ET)的临床妊娠率。方法 :不孕症 136例分为 3组 :1组 5 1例 ,应用高纯促卵泡成熟激素 (HP -FSH ,商品名Metrodine -HP) ,递减给药促超排卵 ,应用促性腺激素释放激素兴奋剂 (GnRH -a ,商品名Buserelin)长方案降调节 ,从月经第 3天开始递减HP-FSH。 2组 5 0例 ,HP -FSH和人绝经期促性腺激素 (hMG)联合递减给药的促超排卵长方案降调节。 3组 35例 ,hMG递增给药促超排卵。分析 3种THOP的平均取卵数、受精后卵裂数、移植数、临床妊娠数及IVF -ET移植周期的临床妊娠率。结果 :(1) 1组 ,平均取卵数 10 .13± 4 .4 9,卵受精数 7.83± 4 .13,受精率 77.2 9% ,卵裂数 7.6 2± 4 .19,移植数3.88± 1.17及临床妊娠数 18,临床妊娠率 35 .2 9% ;(2 ) 2组 ,平均取卵数 9.16± 5 .4 9,卵受精数 6 .84± 4 .2 3,受精率 74 .6 7% ,卵裂数 6 .5± 4 .2 2 ,移植数 3.6 8± 0 .99及临床妊娠数15 ,临床妊娠率 30 .0 % ;(3) 3组 ,平均取卵数 11.31± 7.6 4 ,卵受精数 7.89± 5 .36 ,受精率 6 9.82 % ,卵裂数 7.75± 5 .94 ,移植数 3.6 8± 1.0 8及临床妊娠数 15 ,临床妊娠率4 2 .86 %。 1组与 2组用药安瓿比较 ,差异有高度显著性 (P     

正常妊娠和妊娠高血压综合征妇女血清瘦素水平的动态检测

目的　动态检测正常妊娠、妊娠高血压综合征 (妊高征 )妇女血清瘦素水平的变化特点。方法　采用放射免疫法测定 40例正常非妊娠妇女 (对照组 )以及 5 0例正常妊娠和 14例妊高征妇女(观察组 )孕 16～ 2 0、2 4～ 2 8、3 2～ 3 6周及分娩前的血清瘦素水平及其新生儿的脐血瘦素水平 ,同时测量身高、体重、血压及胎盘重量。结果　 ( 1)随着孕周的增加 ,观察组妇女血清瘦素水平呈上升趋势 ,其中妊高征妇女血清瘦素水平为 ( 14 1± 2 2 )～ ( 2 5 4± 2 7) μg/L ,较正常妊娠妇女的 ( 13 4± 3 0 )～( 2 1 4± 3 7) μg/L明显上升 (P <0 0 1) ,并持续至妊娠结束 ,而正常妊娠妇女血清瘦素水平在孕 2 8～3 6周时上升明显 ,孕 2 8周前及孕 3 6周后上升缓慢。 ( 2 )体重、体重指数与血清瘦素水平的相关性分析结果显示 ,正常妊娠、对照组妇女均呈显著性正相关 (r =0 478～ 0 63 9,P <0 0 5或P <0 0 1) ,而妊高征妇女无显著相关性 (r=0 0 3 5～ 0 3 79,P >0 0 5 )。( 3 )收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压与血清瘦素水平的相关性分析结果显示 ,正常妊娠、孕 2 0周前的妊高征及对照组妇女无显著相关性 (r=0 113～0 498,P >0 0 5 ) ,而妊高征妇女孕 2 0周后呈显著正相关 (r=0 63 9～ 0 85 2 ,P <0 0 5 )     

丹参、川芎嗪、硫酸镁对妊娠高血压综合征患者母儿结局影响的比较

目的　比较丹参、川芎嗪、硫酸镁对妊娠高血压综合征 (简称妊高征 )患者治疗后血中超氧化物歧化酶 (superoxidedismutase,SOD)、脂质过氧化物 (malondialdehyde ,MDA )、血栓素A2(thromboxane2 ,TXA2 )、前列环素I2 (prostaglandlinI2 ,PGI2 )、一氧化氮 (nitricoxide ,NO)、内皮素(endothelinl,ET)及母儿结局的影响。　方法　用丹参、川芎嗪、硫酸镁分别治疗中度妊高征患者各75例 ,观察三组患者治疗前与治疗后SOD、MDA、TXA2 、PGI2 、NO、ET、平均动脉压、产后出血、胎心率异常、新生儿窒息的变化情况。　结果　治疗前后三组SOD(178.3± 4 .1与 2 19.5± 4 .1、190 .4±2 .4与 2 0 8.4± 2 .4、176 .1± 3.4与 2 2 1.1± 2 .2 )mg L、MDA(11.4± 1.3与 7.2± 1.2、13 0± 2 .7与8.6± 2 0、10 .3± 1.5与 7.1± 1.1)mmol L、NO(74 7± 2 0 2与 94 0± 2 32、798± 15 9与 90 7± 14 2、776± 2 12与 86 2± 189)nmol L、ET(78.3± 4 .5与 6 2 .3± 3.8、78.3± 4 .3与 5 8.3± 4 .4、76 .9± 3.9与6 0 .2± 2 .9)ng L、TXA2 (5 6 0± 2 8与 4 86± 2 7、5 37± 2 7与 5 0 2± 2 0、5 5 8± 2 5与 4 72± 2 1) pg L、PGI2(16 2± 13与 2 17± 14、16 7± 17与 2 2 7± 16、16 9± 13与 2 13± 11)pg L     

尼莫地平及硫酸镁对重度妊娠高血压综合征的治疗效果及其对血内皮素、一氧化氮的影响

目的　探讨尼莫地平及硫酸镁对重度妊娠高血压综合征 (简称妊高征 )的治疗效果及其对血浆内皮素 (ET)、血清一氧化氮 (NO)的影响 ,为临床治疗提供理论依据。　方法　将 4 2例重度妊高征随机分为两组 ,给予尼莫地平或硫酸镁治疗 ,观察治疗前后血压、眼底动脉、尿蛋白、内皮素、一氧化氮代谢产物 (NO2 -与 NO3- )及临床症状 ,比较妊娠结局。　结果　 (1)尼莫地平治疗后 ,患者血清NO2 - 与 NO3- 水平明显升高 ,自 (5 1.72± 14 .6 4 )μmol/ L升至 (6 7.5 6± 14 .77)μmol/ L (P<0 .0 5 ) ,血浆 ET水平自 (94 .5 6± 2 5 .0 6 ) ng/ L降至 (84 .4 1± 2 5 .72 ) ng/ L (P<0 .0 5 ) ,ET/ NO比值自 1.91±0 .4 9下降至 1.30± 0 .4 8(P<0 .0 5 ) ;经硫酸镁治疗后血浆 ET水平虽有明显下降 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,但血清NO2 - 与 NO3- 无明显增加 ,ET/ NO比值无显著性变化 (P>0 .0 5 )。 (2 )用药后血压明显下降时间 :尼莫地平组 (0 .5 h)较硫酸镁组 (2 h)快。 (3)患者自觉症状消失时间 :尼莫地平组 [(1.7± 1.3) h]较硫酸镁组快 [(3.4± 1.7) h]。　结论　尼莫地平与硫酸镁相比有较强的改善和保护内皮细胞功能 ,降压迅速持久 ,扩张脑血管作用强 ,临床自觉症状改善快 ,除心率加快外无其他副反应。     

妊娠妇女及新生儿脐血瘦素水平与体重,胰岛素,C—肽,胰岛 …

目的　探讨妊娠晚期妇女及新生儿脐血瘦素水平与孕妇体重及新生儿体重的关系 ,以及新生儿脐血瘦素水平与C 肽、胰岛素、胰岛素样生长因子 Ⅱ (IGF Ⅱ )等的关系。方法　采用放射免疫法测定 5 0例孕 37～ 38周正常妊娠妇女 (研究组 )及其新生儿、2 9例健康未妊娠妇女 (对照组 )的血瘦素水平 ,并同时测定新生儿脐血C 肽、胰岛素、IGF Ⅱ的水平等。结果　 (1)妊娠晚期妇女血瘦素水平为 (13.6 2± 3.6 8) μg/L ,明显高于对照组妇女的 (6 .6 0± 3.0 4) μg/L及新生儿脐血瘦素的 (8.0 5± 4.6 1) μg/L。 (2 )妊娠晚期妇女血瘦素水平与本身体重及体重指数明显相关 (r分别为 0 .33、0 .35 ,P<0 .0 5 ) ;妊娠晚期妇女血瘦素水平与新生儿体重无明显相关 (r=0 .10 ,P >0 .0 5 )。 (3)新生儿脐血瘦素水平与其体重、体重指数明显相关 (r分别为 0 .5 4、0 .49,P <0 .0 0 1) ;而与妊娠晚期妇女血瘦素水平无明显相关 (r=0 .19,P >0 .0 5 )。 (4 )对照组妇女血瘦素水平与其体重、体重指数明显正相关 (r分别为 0 .72、0 .78,P <0 .0 0 1)。 (5 )新生儿脐血C 肽为 (0 .86± 0 .35 ) μg/L ,胰岛素为 (8.49± 4.76 )mU/L ,IGF Ⅱ为 (0 .2 18± 0 .0 76 ) μg/L ;新生儿脐血瘦素水平与C 肽明显相关 (r=0 .37,P <0 .0 5 )     

妊娠晚期与产后早期妇女促红细胞生成素及其与铁状态的相关性研究

本研究通过测定妊娠晚期及产后早期妇女的促红细胞生成素 (ＥＰＯ)水平 ,探讨其贫血与铁状态对ＥＰＯ的影响。一、资料与方法1.研究对象 :1999年 11月至 2 0 0 0年 3月 ,随机选取妊娠2 8周以后来我院进行产前检查的正常孕妇 2 7例 ,平均年龄(2 7 1± 2 4 )岁 ,血红蛋白平均为 (12 1± 8 9)ｇ/Ｌ ,作为正常妊娠组 ;选取血红蛋白≤ 10 5ｇ/Ｌ的妊娠晚期妇女 32例 ,平均年龄 (2 6 8± 2 6 )岁 ,血红蛋白平均为 (75 4± 17 6 )ｇ/Ｌ ,作为妊娠合并贫血组 ;同期随机抽取产后 7ｄ内血红蛋白≤ 10 5ｇ/Ｌ妇女 15例 ,平均年龄 (2 7 5± 3 7)岁 ,…     

子宫内膜异位症影响体外受精—胚胎移植的具体环节探讨

目的　探讨子宫内膜异位症 (内异症 )对体外受精 -胚胎移植 (IVF ET)的影响。方法　回顾性分析85例输卵管因素不孕的患者 (A组 ,12 3个周期 )、18例卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的患者 (B组 ,2 5个周期 )和 16例无卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的内异症患者 (C组 ,2 0个周期 )的获卵数、受精率、卵裂率、胚胎种植率和临床妊娠率等情况。结果　B组的获卵数为 (7 1± 5 9)个 ,非常显著地少于A组的 (11 6± 8 4)个和C组的 (12 1± 7 8)个 ,P <0 0 1;B组和C组的受精率分别为 6 9 5 %和 70 3% ,均显著地低于A组的 77 5 % ,P <0 0 5 ;A、B、C三组的卵裂率、子宫内膜的厚度与类型、胚胎种植率和临床妊娠率均无显著差别。结论　子宫内膜异位囊肿影响卵巢对超排卵的反应 ,内异症影响卵子的受精 ,但不影响受精卵的分裂、子宫内膜容受力、胚胎种植率和临床妊娠率。     

Pregnancy potential of embryos from in vitro fertilization compared to intracytoplasmic sperm injection.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether equally high-quality embryos derived from standard in vitro fertilization (IVF) or from intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) differ in pregnancy potential. We evaluated all consecutive cycles from January 1996 to December 1997, in which only high-quality embryos were transferred. A total of 171 IVF and 148 ICSI cycle procedures, conducted in 153 and 130 women respectively, met with the inclusion criteria. A higher clinical pregnancy rate was recorded for the IVF group than the ICSI group (35% versus 29% respectively), although the difference did not achieve statistical significance. This result was detected despite the significantly higher mean age of the IVF patients compared with the ICSI patients (35 +/- 4.9 years and 33 +/- 5.2 years respectively). Controlling for the effect of patient age using linear regression analysis yielded a significantly higher clinical pregnancy rate for IVF therapy. In conclusion, IVF is associated with a significantly higher clinical pregnancy rate than ICSI even when high-quality, morphologically comparable embryos are utilized.     

Standard in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection in advanced female age--what may be expected?

This study was conducted to evaluate the current results of standard in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in the elderly (> or = 40 years of age) female population. Oocyte recovery, fertilization, embryo transfer, pregnancy and cumulative pregnancy rates were assessed. The results were analyzed for: the entire elderly population; the standard IVF group (group 1); all those in the ICSI group (group 2); and ICSI for severe male-factor category (group 3). A total of 330 IVF and 158 ICSI treatment cycles were carried out in 249 women. Forty-five (9.2%) clinical pregnancies were achieved. This rate was not statistically different from those achieved for groups 1, 2 and 3 (9.1%, 9.5% and 6.8%, respectively). The cumulative pregnancy rate for a total of five cycles was 19.2% and 26.4% for groups 1 and 2, respectively. For those who started their treatments at > or = 40 years, the cumulative pregnancy rate for three cycles was 26.5% and 36.5% in groups 1 and 2, respectively. These results clearly demonstrate that female age is a major success determinant, with similar influence on both standard IVF and ICSI therapy modalities.     

Impact of oocyte pre-incubation time on fertilization, embryo quality and pregnancy rate after intracytoplasmic sperm injection

Although, it is well known that pre-incubation of oocytes prior to conventional IVF improves fertilization and pregnancy rates, there are conflicting results regarding the effect of pre-incubation time in ICSI. This study evaluated the role of pre-incubation of oocytes on outcome in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. A total of 1260 patients undergoing their first ICSI cycles were evaluated retrospectively. In patients undergoing ICSI during the year 2000 (Group I, n = 670), oocytes were injected immediately after retrieval, whereas in patients undergoing ICSI during 2001 (Group II, n = 590), oocytes were incubated for 2-4 h prior to injection. The mean age of patients was 33.9 +/- 5.04 years and 34.1 +/- 5.06 years in groups I and II, respectively. The number of oocytes with a first polar body (MII) and fertilization and cleavage rates were higher, and embryo quality was significantly better in group II. In contrast, the total numbers of oocytes without a first polar body (MI), those where germinal vesicle breakdown had not occurred (GV), and empty zona oocytes were higher in group I. No difference was found in the number of embryos transferred or implantation or clinical pregnancy rates. This study demonstrated that pre-incubation of oocytes prior to ICSI is associated with improved maturation of oocytes, fertilization and embryo quality.     

Outcome of assisted reproductive technology in women over the age of 41

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the results of ongoing pregnancies and deliveries after assisted reproductive technology (ART) in women aged >/=41 years, stratified by year of age. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: University hospital, IVF unit. PATIENT(S): A total of 431 IVF and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles were initiated in women >/=41 years of age. INTERVENTION(S): Medical files of ART patients and pregnancy outcomes were reviewed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Oocytes retrieved, embryos developed, and clinical pregnancy and delivery rates. RESULT(S): Of the 431 started cycles, 376 (87%) reached the oocyte retrieval stage. The mean number of oocytes aspirated per patient was 5.4 +/- 0.9 and 6.7 +/- 1.2 in the IVF and ICSI cycles, respectively, and the number of embryos obtained was 2.3 +/- 1.3 and 2.8 +/- 1.6 in the IVF and ICSI cycles, respectively. The number of transferable embryos was 2.0 +/- 1.2 and 2.5 +/- 0.8. The pregnancy rate per oocyte pickup (OPU) was 12.4%; however, the delivery rate per OPU was 4.5%. The mean delivery rate per OPU among women aged 41-43 years was 2%-7%. There were no deliveries aged >/=44 years and no pregnancies at the age of 45 years. The pregnancy and delivery rates of the ICSI and IVF patients were similar after stratification by age. CONCLUSION(S): In our studies, ART performed with homologous oocytes, whether by IVF or ICSI, yielded no clinical pregnancies among women aged >/=45 years and no deliveries aged >/=44 years. The mean delivery rate per oocyte retrieval among women aged 41-43 years varied between 2% and 7%.     

Results of intracytoplasmic sperm injection of single oocyte in 362 unstimulated cycles

Purpose : The purpose was to test the adequacy of unstimulated cycles for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and to evaluate implantation and pregnancy rates in three different age groups. Methods : ICSI was performed in 362 unstimulated cycles in women up to 45 years old. All cycles were monitored by serum estradiol, urinary LH, and ultrasound. Results : The delivery rate per started cycle was higher in patients younger than 36 (9.4%) than in cycles with patient's age between 36 and 39 years (4.8%) or older than 40 (4.6%) but the difference was not statistically significant. In all groups, the fertilization rate was similar (70.4, 77.6, and 84.8%, respectively). The pregnancy rate per cycle and the pregnancy rate per puncture was similar in the group of patients in age between 36 and 39 years (8.3 and 9.7%) and those older than 40 (7.7 and 9.3%). Conclusions: Unstimulated cycles monitored by serum estradiol, urinary LH, and ultrasound can produce an acceptable pregnancy rate after ICSI procedure only in patients younger than 36.     

Fertility and infertility in aging women.

Age is often a dominant factor for women wanting to conceive. The objective of this study was to examine the outcome of an in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) program in relation to a woman's age. Between January 1995 and June 1997 we stimulated 2511 cycles. The mean age of the women was 34 years, with 21.9% under 30, 45.9% between 30 and 35, 24.5% between 36 and 39, and 7.7% over 39 years. All patients aged > or = 40 years had day 3 serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) concentrations < 20 IU/l. The stimulation regimen consisted of 150-450 IU of human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) or FSH combined with either clomiphene citrate (CC) or gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) in a short or long protocol. Age had a significantly negative effect on the stimulation and fertilization failure rates. The clinical pregnancy rate per transfer and the embryo implantation rate declined significantly from 29.4% and 18.9% in women < 30 years to 19.8% and 14.3% in patients between 30 and 35 years, 17.1% and 9.0% between 36 and 39 years and to 12.8% and 7.4% in those aged > or = 40 years. The spontaneous abortion rate was 14.9%, 16.5%, 22.4% and 33.2%, respectively. The clinical pregnancy rate per transfer reflected only imperfectly the performance of the older women because the discharge rate during stimulation and spontaneous abortions reduced the 'take home baby' rate to about 7% per cycle in patients aged > or = 40 years. It is very important in fertility practice to recognize the major impact of advancing maternal age.     

Results of in vitro fertilization attempts in women 40 years of age and older: the Norfolk experience

Twenty-nine patients 40 years of age or older were stimulated with gonadotropins, starting on day 3 of the cycle, in a total of 64 cycles (January 1983 to June 1985) for multiple follicular development for in vitro fertilization. Most patients' infertility was due to tubal disease (n = 8) or pelvic endometriosis (n = 14). The mean number of preovulatory and immature oocytes recovered per laparoscopy was 2.53 +/- 1.73 and 1.57 +/- 1.58, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between the number of preovulatory and immature oocytes harvested, fertilized, or transferred in this group and the number in patients younger than 40 years of age. No statistically significant differences were observed between peripheral estradiol and progesterone levels in patients 40 years of age or older and levels in patients 39 years of age or younger. There were 15 pregnancies in this group of patients, for a pregnancy rate of 23.4% per stimulated cycle, 27.7% per laparoscopy, and 29.4% per transfer. The ongoing pregnancy rate (12%) was lower, and the total abortion rate (60%) was higher, in patients 40 years of age or older in comparison with patients 39 years of age or younger. Patients 40 years of age or older should be counseled regarding the high abortion rate in this group.     

Success rates following intracytoplasmic sperm injection are improved by using ZIFT vs IVF for embryo transfer

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze whether the mode of embryo transfer (ZIFT vs IVF) affected the outcome in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. Methods and Results: Eighty-two ICSI cycles (42 ZIFT and 40 IVF) were analyzed. Several variables, including patient age and weight, numbers of mature eggs collected, injected, and fertilized, fertilization rate, number of fertilized eggs obtained per cycle, numbers of zygotes/embryos transferred, clinical pregnancy rate, and implantation rate, were compared. Mean patient age and weight were identical. The mean number of mature eggs collected and injected and fertilization rate were significantly higher in the ZIFT group, however, the mean numbers of zygotes/embryos transferred were identical. The clinical pregnancy and implantation rates in ZIFT cycles (52.3 and 23.2% respectively) were significantly higher than in IVF cycles (17.5 and 9.7%). Conclusions: These data suggest that ZIFT is the more appropriate method for transfer of ICSI-derived embryos.     

A strategy for treatment of couples with unexplained infertility who failed to conceive after intrauterine insemination

Couples with unexplained infertility treated unsuccessfully with intrauterine insemination often receive further treatment with IVF or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of fertilization and fertilization failure with respect to the method of fertilization used, when half of the sibling oocytes were fertilized by conventional IVF and insemination and the remainder by ICSI. Included was the first IVF/ICSI treatment of 248 unexplained infertile couples who had failed to conceive after three IUI cycles. An overall pregnancy rate per embryo transfer of 57% was observed. A significantly better fertilization rate was obtained after ICSI as compared with IVF (68 versus 46%) (P < 0.005), and total fertilization failure following ICSI and IVF treatment was seen in 4.4 and 25% of the cycles respectively. The group who experienced total fertilization failure after IVF had normal semen parameters, although significantly lower sperm concentration and motility as compared with the entire study group. Transfer of their ICSI-fertilized oocytes subsequently resulted in a pregnancy rate of 49.2% per transfer. The policy of splitting the sibling oocytes can effectively minimize complete fertilization failure while maintaining high chances of achieving a pregnancy. At the same time, the optimal fertilization method for subsequent treatment cycles can be determined.     

冻融胚胎移植术用于补救卵胞浆内单精子注射治疗周期的临床价值

目的：探讨冻融胚胎移植在补救卵胞浆内单精子注射（ICSI）治疗周期中的临床价值。方法：回顾分析常规体外受精完全失败的306个周期,根据补救ICSI的时间不同分为6～8h补救ICSI组（A组）和18～20h补救ICSI组（B组）,其中行新鲜胚胎移植且有胚胎冷冻的分别记为AI组（n=108）和BI组（n=51）,随后行冻融胚胎移植的分别记为AⅡ组（n：74）和BⅡ组（n=46）,观察各组的妊娠结局。结果：A组正常受精率、卵裂率、优质胚胎率和临床妊娠率均明显高于B组（P〈0．05）;BⅡ组临床妊娠率和胚胎种植率明显高于BI组（32．61％VS11．76％,15．08％VS5．04％,P〈0．05）;AII组临床妊娠率和胚胎种植率较AI组高（44．59％VS34．26％,21．86％VS19．40％）,但无明显的统计学差异（P〉0．05）。结论：合理的补救时间是影响补救ICSI结局的关键因素,进一步的冻融胚胎移植可以改善补救ICSI治疗周期的妊娠结局。