骶骨肿瘤术前超选择性动脉灌注化疗栓塞的疗效

目的:评估骶骨肿瘤术前超选择性动脉灌注化疗栓塞的疗效。方法:将22例行术前超选择性动脉灌注化疗栓塞(栓塞组)和16例未行化疗栓塞(对照组)骶骨肿瘤患者手术中失血量、输血量、术后引流量、手术时长、并发症发生率、住院天数及总费用、术后1年内复发率进行对比分析。结果:栓塞组平均术中出血量、输血量、术后引流量、手术时间均优于对照组(P<0.05);栓塞组住院天数、住院费用与对照组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后骶神经损伤等并发症的发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);栓塞组的术后1年复发率明显低于对照组(P<0.05);术后组织病理学证实:栓塞组肿瘤组织均有不同程度坏死、变性、液化、假包膜形成。结论:骶骨肿瘤术前超选择动脉灌注化疗栓塞在不增加医疗费用的情况下有利于手术切除、减少术中出血、缩短手术时间、延长存活时间。     

The curative effect of preoperative superselective arterial chemoembolization for sacrum tumor

目的:评估骶骨肿瘤术前超选择性动脉灌注化疗栓塞的疗效.方法:将22例行术前超选择性动脉灌注化疗栓塞(栓塞组)和16例未行化疗栓塞(对照组)骶骨肿瘤患者手术中失血量、输血量、术后引流量、手术时长、并发症发生率、住院天数及总费用、术后1年内复发率进行对比分析.结果:栓塞组平均术中出血量、输血量、术后引流量、手术时间均优于对照组(P＜0.05);栓塞组住院天数、住院费用与对照组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);术后骶神经损伤等并发症的发生率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);栓塞组的术后1年复发率明显低于对照组(P＜0.05);术后组织病理学证实:栓塞组肿瘤组织均有不同程度坏死、变性、液化、假包膜形成.结论:骶骨肿瘤术前超选择动脉灌注化疗栓塞在不增加医疗费用的情况下有利于手术切除、减少术中出血、缩短手术时间、延长存活时间.     

医源性胆道出血的血管造影表现和介入治疗

目的评价医源性胆道出血中血管造影诊断及介入栓塞治疗的价值。方法回顾性分析医源性胆道出血患者21例。经皮选择性肠系膜上动脉、腹腔动脉和肝总动脉造影,明确出血的部位后,进行选择性或超选择性插管及栓塞治疗。结果 21例患者血管造影均证实有出血病变。血管造影表现为假性动脉瘤者17例(81.0%),对比剂外溢者4例(19.0%)。栓塞材料采用PVA颗粒栓塞者2例,单纯弹簧圈8例,明胶海绵颗粒+弹簧圈11例。1次栓塞止血成功率为85.7%(18/21),3例患者栓塞后再次大出血而行第2次栓塞成功。术后随访5～28个月,患者均未再发胆道出血。所有患者介入栓塞术后均未出现异位栓塞、肝功能衰竭、栓塞所致感染等严重并发症。结论经皮选择性血管造影和介入栓塞术微创、安全、可靠且疗效确切,是诊断和治疗医源性胆道出血的首选方法。     

脊柱肿瘤术前选择性动脉栓塞术的临床价值

目的探讨脊柱肿瘤术前选择性动脉栓塞术的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析2017年1月至2018年12月于中国医科大学附属盛京医院骨科行脊柱肿瘤切除手术的42例患者的临床资料,依据肿瘤切除术前是否行动脉栓塞治疗,将患者分为栓塞组(20例)和未栓塞组(22例),再根据手术方式分为椎体切除亚组和椎板切除亚组。栓塞组椎体切除12例、椎板切除8例;未栓塞组椎体切除13例、椎板切除9例。采用独立样本t检验比较各组间术中失血量、红细胞输入量、校准失血量、手术时间和住院时间的差异。结果栓塞组20例患者均成功实施了脊柱肿瘤动脉栓塞术,无严重并发症发生。栓塞组与未栓塞组患者术中失血量、红细胞输入量、校准失血量、手术时间和住院时间,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。栓塞组椎体切除患者,术中失血量、红细胞输入量和校准失血量分别为(1966.7±898.8)ml、(7.42±3.27)U和(91.3±39.2)g/L,未栓塞组椎体切除患者分别为(2838.5±1143.5)ml、(11.04±4.08)U和(133.0±46.4)g/L,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为-2.107、-2.436、-2.419,P<0.05);而2组手术时间和住院时间差异均无统计学意义(t值分别为-0.780、-0.549,P>0.05)。栓塞组与未栓塞组椎板切除患者的上述各指标差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论脊柱肿瘤术前选择性动脉栓塞术相对安全。脊柱肿瘤术前动脉栓塞不能减少外科切除手术的失血量,但对外科术式加以区分后,术前栓塞可显著减少接受椎体切除手术患者的失血量,而椎板切除手术的患者无明显受益。     

术前动脉化疗栓塞在骶骨肿瘤治疗中的价值

目的评价骶骨肿瘤术前经导管超选择性动脉化疗栓塞的价值和作用方法28例骶骨肿瘤行术前化疗栓塞,随机选择直接行手术切除的骶骨肿瘤23例作为对照,就术中出血、手术时间及复发率进行对照研究结果本组28例化疗栓塞后造影均显示肿瘤血管、肿瘤染色明显减少,较栓塞前减少90%以上,全部病例均在化疗栓塞后2～4d内手术,术中失血量(1376±189.56)m,l手术时间(162.06±38.51)min与对照组比较,术前化疗栓塞可明显减少术中失血量,并能缩短手术时间,降低术后复发率结论超选择性动脉化疗栓塞手术治疗骶骨肿瘤能有效地减少术中出血,提高肿瘤手术切除率,是一种有效的方法     

超选择性双重栓塞治疗胆道出血

目的：讨论胆道出血的数字减影血管造影表现,经导管超选择性双重栓塞治疗胆道出血的疗效。方法：采用Seldinger‘s技术,经股动脉置入导管,行选择性肠系膜上动脉、腹腔动脉、肝动脉数字减影血管造影,经导管超选择栓塞出血动脉出血点的远端和近端,栓塞后造影了解栓塞效果。结果：12例胆道出血选择性肝动脉血管造影的表现。8例表现为肝内假性动脉瘤,2例为肝癌并发动脉-门脉瘘,2例肝部分切除术后出现肝内片状造影剂溢出影,2例腹腔动脉造影阴性,而选择性肝动脉血管造影均显示病灶;10例经民管用明胶海绵加弹簧圈或微弹簧圈栓塞治疗1例。出血停止,随访无再出血,2例用明胶绵栓塞,其中1例栓塞治疗后3周,再次发生出血,用明胶海绵加弹簧圈栓塞出血停止。结论：选择性肝动脉血管造影是诊断胆道出血的关键,超选择性双重栓塞出血动脉的远端和近端是治疗胆道出血安全有效的止血方法,其治疗一次性止血率优于单纯明胶海绵栓塞。     

鼻咽部血管纤维瘤动脉造影及治疗性栓塞临床价值(附12例分析)

目的：探讨鼻咽部血管纤维瘤的动脉造影特征及其术前栓塞的临床价值。方法：对１２例经手术和病理证实的鼻咽纤维血管瘤,按Ｓｅｌｄｉｎｇｅｒ′ｓ技术进行了超选择性动脉造影并栓塞治疗。结果：１２例均显示病变的范围、血供情况以及营养血管的特征。栓塞后术中出血减少到４００ｍｌ以下,并且获得了满意的临床效果。结论：选择性动脉造影能在切除肿瘤前进一步证实诊断并且显示肿瘤的范围,术前栓塞能大大减少术中出血,操作简便、安全     

鼻咽纤维血管瘤切除术前动脉栓塞治疗的临床价值

目的:探讨经导管选择性动脉栓塞术在鼻咽纤维血管瘤切除术前治疗的临床价值。方法:回顾性分析13例采用数字减影血管造影(DSA)并行导管聚乙烯醇颗粒和明胶海绵颗粒栓塞肿瘤供血动脉(主要为颈外动脉的颌内动脉和(或)咽升动脉)后再手术的结果。结果:13例在选择性颈外动脉栓塞后行手术治疗术中出血量明显减少,本组栓塞后2~5天手术。结论:经导管选择性动脉栓塞术在鼻咽纤维血管瘤切除术前的应用具有较高临床价值。     

经皮穿刺动脉栓塞在骨与软组织肿瘤治疗中的价值

目的：评价选择性动脉栓塞术在骨与软组织肿瘤术前应用的价值。方法：对11例骨与软组织肿瘤（5例恶性,6例良性）先行数字减影血管造影,再用明胶海绵和/或钢丝圈栓塞全部供血动脉,栓塞术后24h内手术切除肿瘤。结果：11例患者均成功手术,术中平均失血量为900ml(500-1800ml)。结论：选择性动脉栓塞在骨与软组织肿瘤术前应用具有显著止血效果。     

骨盆肿瘤术前经导管动脉栓塞治疗的价值

目的　评价骨盆肿瘤术前局部动脉内灌注化疗和栓塞治疗的价值。资料与方法　术前栓塞治疗 4 8例骨盆肿瘤患者 (栓塞组 ) ,观察其临床改善情况 ,计算术中失血量和手术时间 ,并与 16例术前未栓塞骨盆肿瘤患者(对照组 )进行对照。结果　血管造影可清楚显示肿瘤的大小及血供特点 ,栓塞组术中失血量 2 177.1± 96 9.8ml,手术时间 198.9± 97.4min ;对照组术中失血量 4 4 6 2 .5± 1876 .8ml,手术时间 2 86 .4± 14 4 .5min。栓塞组均明显低于对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。手术时机的选择影响栓塞治疗的效果。组织学证实 :肿瘤均有不同程度的坏死、液化和囊性变 ,部分肿瘤有假包膜形成。结论　术前栓塞是骨盆肿瘤手术前最有效的辅助治疗手段 ,并且使手术易于操作。手术时机应选择在栓塞后 6天以内     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.