三氧化二砷诱导喉癌Hep-2细胞凋亡及其对细胞周期的影响

目的 观察三氧化二砷（AS2O3）对喉癌Hep-2细胞株诱导细胞凋亡的作用和对细胞周期的影响。方法 体外培养的Hep-2细胞与不同浓度的AS2O3作用24、48、72h，通过MTT还原法检测细胞的生长抑制率，用倒置相差显微镜、流式细胞仪、荧光显微镜研究细胞凋亡的形态学改变，检测细胞凋亡率并进行细胞周期分析。结果 As2O3可有效抑制Hep-2细胞的生长，呈时间和浓度依赖性特点。形态学观察发现，As2O3诱导Hep-2细胞凋亡。2μmol/L As2O3作用24h，S期细胞比例增高，72h后，S期细胞明显下降，细胞大量凋亡。AS2O3在低浓度时，阻滞细胞通过S期，高浓度时诱导S期细胞凋亡。结论 AS2O3可诱导Hep-2细胞的凋亡，与细胞周期阻滞有关。     

三氧化二砷对人喉癌细胞株增殖抑制作用的探讨

目的:探讨三氧化二砷(arsenic trioxide,As2O3)制剂对人喉癌细胞株(Hep-2)细胞的诱导分化机制,为喉癌治疗提供理论依据。方法:应用MTT染色法观察As2O3对Hep-2细胞的增殖抑制率,流式细胞仪检测Hep-2细胞周期进程变化及凋亡率,相差显微镜观察细胞形态学改变,电子显微镜观察经不同浓度的As2O3作用后Hep-2细胞超微结构改变。结果:As2O3对Hep-2细胞的增殖抑制率成剂量依赖性,流式细胞仪结果显示,G1期细胞增多,S期细胞减少,G2/M期细胞增多,细胞凋亡率升高;相差显微镜下实验组细胞帖壁不佳,细胞圆缩,数目减少;电子显微镜下可见线粒体肿胀,有空泡、细胞核染色质趋边凝集,可见凋亡小体。结论:As2O3对Hep-2细胞有显著的增殖抑制作用,可阻止Hep-2细胞G1期向S期转化进程,诱导Hep-2细胞凋亡及亚细胞结构改变。     

三氧化二砷诱导肠癌HT-29细胞周期阻滞及凋亡的研究

目的：探讨三氧化二砷（AsO3）对结肠癌细胞增殖的抑制作用及对细胞周期和凋亡的影响。方法：采用MTr法测定细胞增殖活力，通过细胞形态学观察细胞分裂及凋亡，应用流式细胞仪进行细胞周期解析、凋亡的检测。结果：As2O3呈剂量-时间依赖性抑制结肠癌HT-29细胞系的增殖，作用24、48及72h后抑制50％细胞生长的药物浓度（IC50）分别为40．03,13．76,4．53μmol/L，与对照组差异显著（P〈0．05）。2μmol/L与5μmol/L的As2O3作用24h后，细胞周期出现G2/M期阻滞及亚二倍体凋亡峰，随着作用时间的延长，凋亡细胞随岛，M期细胞减少而逐渐增多。细胞形态学观察分裂期细胞及凋亡细胞明显增加。结论：As12O3抑制结肠癌HT-29细胞的增殖，诱导G2/M期阻滞及细胞凋亡。     

As2O3诱导人膀胱癌BIU-87细胞株凋亡及其对细胞周期的影响

目的:观察三氧化二砷(As2O3)对人膀胱癌BIU-87细胞株生长抑制作用,并探讨对细胞周期及凋亡的影响.方法:CellTiter 96 Aqueous One 试剂检测BIU-87细胞株增殖活力;荧光染色观察凋亡细胞的形态学变化;流式细胞术分析细胞周期及凋亡.结果:As2O3与BIU-87细胞株生长抑制率之间有明显的浓度依赖关系 (P<0.01),IC50为28.92 μmol/L;荧光显微镜下观察到经As2O3作用的BIU-87细胞核膜消失,核染色质呈大小不等的小圆形碎片;流式细胞术结果表明30 μmol/L的As2O3处理BIU-87细胞株48 h后,G0/G1期细胞比例下降,S期细胞比例增加,凋亡率为47.37%.结论:As2O3能显著抑制BIU-87细胞株增殖;使细胞阻滞在S期,并进一步诱导细胞凋亡.     

三氧化二砷诱导人肝癌细胞凋亡及相关分子机制研究

目的:研究三氧化二砷(As2O3)诱导人肝癌细胞凋亡时,细胞周期及细胞周期调节蛋白的变化,探讨As2O3抗肝癌作用的分子机制.方法:体外培养人肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721,用2μmol/L As2O3处理72h,流式细胞仪检测细胞周期变化及细胞凋亡率;透射电镜观察细胞形态变化及细胞凋亡情况;免疫细胞化学检测cyclinD1、cyclinA、p21蛋白的表达.结果:As2O3使SMMC-7721细胞周期阻滞在G0/G1、S期,与对照组比较,Aa2O3在诱导SMMC-7721细胞发生凋亡的同时,p21蛋白的表达水平显著增高(对照组1.128;As2O3组:3.794),cyclinD1、cyclinA蛋白的表达水平明显下降(对照组:3.647,2.833;As2O3组:1.133,1.179).结论:As2O3能干扰细胞周期的进程,诱导SMMC-7721细胞凋亡.其作用机制与上调p21蛋白及下调cyclinD1、cyclinA蛋白的表达有关.     

三氧化二砷诱导人卵巢癌耐药细胞系3AO/cDDP细胞凋亡及机制的研究

目的：探讨三氧化二砷（As2O3）对人卵巢癌耐药细胞系3AO／cDDP细胞生长的影响及其机制。方法：采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝（MTT）法,检测不同浓度As2O3作用后,3AO／cDDP细胞的生长抑制率;采用流式细胞技术检测细胞凋亡率,细胞周期变化,以及Fas、FasL基因表达的变化。所有结果均与人卵巢癌细胞系3AO细胞相比较;采用细胞骨架染色法观察3AO／cDDP细胞凋亡细胞形态变化,通过吖啶橙染色,荧光显微镜观察As2O3作用后3AO细胞的形态变化。结果：As2O3能明显抑制3AO／cDDP细胞的增殖,抑制作用呈时间和剂量依赖性（P＜0．05）;在定一浓度范围内,3AO／cDDP细胞凋亡率与As2O3的浓度和作用时间呈依赖关系,诱导凋亡的最适浓度是3μmol/L;As2O3低浓度时,3AO／cDDP细胞周期S期通过受阻,高浓度时诱导S期细胞凋亡;As2O3作用后,两种细胞系Fas基因的表达均呈升调节,FasL基因的表达无变化;与3AO细胞相比,差异无显著意义（P＞0．05）;As2O3作用后3AO及3AO／cDDP形成典型的凋亡小体。结论：As2O3通过Fas/FasL系统,诱导S期细胞凋亡,有效地抑制人卵巢癌耐药细胞系细胞的生长。     

三氧化二砷诱导人肝癌HepG2细胞凋亡及细胞周期阻滞的研究

目的 研究三氧化二砷(arsenic trioxide,As2O3)对人肝癌HepG2细胞的生长抑制作用,以及诱导细胞凋亡和对周期分布的影响.方法 采用MTF法、DNA ladder检测、流式细胞术等方法 检测As2O3对人肝癌HepG2细胞的生长抑制,诱导细胞凋亡以及对细胞周期分布的影响.结果 MTT法显示:As2O3对HepG2细胞有明显的生长抑制作用,且具有剂量和时间依赖性.12μmol/L As2O3作用HepG2细胞24、48、72 h后,DNA ladder检测,48、72 h均出现凋亡典型的DNA ladder条带;流式细胞仪分析显示:As2O3处理HepG2细胞24、48、72 h后,凋亡率分别为(9.74±1.22)%、(21.89±2.14)%、(42.72±0.83)%,均显著高于对照组细胞的凋亡率(0.98±0.11)%(P<0.01).同时,流式细胞仪分析显示,As2O3对HepG2细胞有明显的S期和G2期阻滞作用.结论 As2O3对人肝癌HepG2细胞S期和G1期阻滞并诱导细胞凋亡可能是其抗肿瘤的机制之一.     

三氧化二砷诱导卵巢癌细胞株SKOV3和COC1凋亡

目的：对比研究三氧化二砷(As2O3)诱导卵巢癌细胞株SKOV3和COC1凋亡的作用．方法：用不同浓度的As2O3溶液作用人卵巢癌细胞株SKOV3及COC1,于不同时间点收集细胞,MTT法检测细胞生长抑制率,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率及分析细胞周期的变化,原位末端标记法观察细胞凋亡形态学特征．结果：不同浓度的As2O3溶液对卵巢癌细胞株SKOV3及COC1均有不同程度的生长抑制作用．随着药物浓度的升高、作用时间的延长,As2O3对COC1细胞的生长抑制率升高．15．0μmol/L(10ppc)浓度组的As203对SKOV3的生长抑制效应最显．低于15．0μmol/L的浓度组对SKOV3细胞株的抑制率之间没有显性差异．As2O3对COC1细胞的生长抑制作用比SKOV3强．6．0μmol/L As2O3作用48 h SKOV3细胞出现凋亡形态学改变,COC1细胞在1．5μmol/L As2O3作用48h就出现了凋亡形态学改变,且随着作用时间的延长凋亡细胞增多．15．0和6．0μmol/L As2O3作用下SKOV3细胞周期的变化出现了随着药物作用时间的延长G1期细胞比例逐渐上升,S期、G2／M期细胞的比例同时降低的现象．在3．0和1．5μmoL／L As2O3作用下COC1细胞周期也出现了相同的改变．结论：As2O3可以诱导卵巢癌细胞株SKOV3和COC1发生凋亡,COC1比SKOV3对砷剂更敏感．诱导细胞发生G1期阻滞是As2O3抑制卵巢癌细胞生长作用的可能机制之一。     

柯里拉京杀伤人喉癌Hep-2细胞的体外实验研究

目的 观察柯里拉京（Corilagin）对人喉癌细胞系Hep-2的杀伤作用。方法 在体外细胞培养的基础上,通过倒置显微镜、肼比色法、流式细胞仪观察Corilagin作用后Hep-2细胞的形态学、增殖率和细胞周期的改变。结果 Corilagin作用后的Hep-2细胞形态发生了明显变化;其抑制增殖作用呈量效、时效关系;Corilagin可阻肿瘤滞细胞于S期,并可诱导细胞凋亡。结论 Corilagin能显著抑制Hep-2细胞增殖,可能与阻滞细胞于S期和诱导凋亡有关,Corilagin抗肿瘤作用值得进一步研究。     

As2O3对HGC-27、HepG2细胞株增殖抑制作用及机制研究

目的探讨三氧化二砷（As2O3）抑制恶性肿瘤细胞生长及诱导凋亡的生物学效应。方法采用光学显微镜进行形态学观察。溴化二甲噻唑二苯四氮唑（MTT）还原法经浓度为1.25μmol/L、2.50μoml/L、5.00μoml/L、10.00μmol/L、20.00μmol/L As2O3处理后,分别培养48 h、72 h、96 h对胃癌细胞（HGC-27）、肝癌细胞（HepG2）生长的影响。用Hoeschst33258染色后在荧光显微镜下观察细胞凋亡形态。流式细胞仪检测不同浓度As2O3对胃癌细胞周期的影响。结果 HGC-27、HepG2细胞株经As2O3作用后,细胞增殖受到明显抑制;且随着药物浓度的升高及作用时间的延长,抑制率显著升高。经As2O3作用后,Hoechst33258染色可见凋亡细胞的核染色质凝聚且边缘化,并呈现DNA荧光碎片。流式细胞仪检测显示G1/G0细胞由正常对照组的68.55%上升到80.30%,而G2/M期细胞则从11.56%下降至2.53%,出现了明显的G1/G0期阻滞（P〈0.05）。结论 As2O3可以明显抑制胃癌细胞的增殖,对肝癌细胞的生长也有一定程度的抑制作用,并有明显的时-效关系和量-效关系,且能将细胞阻滞于G0/G1期;其抗肿瘤的作用机制可能与诱导肝癌细胞和胃癌细胞分化和凋亡、阻滞细胞周期等有关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.