黑米保健粥集锦

黑米是我国古老而名贵的水稻品种。相传西汉时博望侯张骞首先引种。中医认为黑米有“滋阴补肾，健身暖胃，明目活血”等功效，民间习称为：“药米”、“长寿米”、“补血米”。历代帝王把它作为宫廷养生珍品，故又称为“贡米”。据日本MPS－５００测定仪和美国RIMB分析仪测定：黑米含蛋白质比一般白米高６．８％，脂肪高２０％；赖氨酸、苏氨酸等八种人体必需氨基酸含量平均比一般米高１５．８６％，其中赖氨酸高达３～３．５倍。精氨酸的含量高达１．１５％，为一般白米的２．１２倍。此外，尚富含维生素E、B１、B２和锌、镁等矿物微量…     

茼蒿营养成分分析及评价

目的:为进一步了解茼蒿营养成分,对该植物的营养成分进行了分析与评价,为提高该植物利用度提供科学依据。方法:采用高效液相色谱测定纤维素、碳水化合物、维生素类及β-胡萝卜素。原子吸收分光度计测定矿物元素,用荧光分光光度计测定硒含量。结果:测得茼蒿植物13种营养成分;矿物元素K、Na、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu、P、Se 10种。结论:通过所测定的成分表明,茼蒿植物是一种营养丰富的食用蔬菜,有较好的利用价值。     

南方红豆杉无机元素的测定分析

用原子吸收分光光度计测定了南方红豆杉嫩枝、针叶、树皮中 K、Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Mn、Fe、Na、Cr9种无机元素的含量 ,发现其 Zn、Mn含量较高。且树皮中富含 K、Fe、Na,Zn/ Cu比值较低。     

青少年白发与发中微量元素关系研究

目的:探讨青少年白发患者发中Cu、Fe、Zn、Mn、Ca元素含量变化与青少年白发的相互关系。方法:采用原子吸收分光光度计测定337名北华在校生发中Cu、Fe、Zn、Mn、Ca的含量,用x2检验及配对t检验对数据进行统计分析。结果:白发组发中Cu元素的含量明显低于对照组的含量(P<0.05),而Zn元素的含量明显高于对照组的含量(P<0.05),两组发中Fe、Mn、Ca元素的含量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:青少年白发与发中Cu、Zn含量的变化密切相关。     

蛴螬矿物元素和维生素含量分析

目的 :研究蛴螬的矿物元素及维生素含量。方法 :原子吸收分光光度法及荧光法分析矿物元素含量 ,用紫外荧光法及 HPLC法测定维生素含量。结果 :蛴螬中 Ca、Mg、Cr、Fe、Zn的含量高是其重要的营养特征 ,Cu、Mn含量也非常丰富 ,蛴螬中 K/Na的比值也很高。 B族维生素含量较高。     

大学生头发中金属元素含量测定及分析

目的:了解大学生生活习惯对体内金属元素的影响。方法:利用原子吸收分光光度法(火焰法和石墨炉法)对大学生头发中Ca、Mg、Mn、Fe、Zn、Cu、Pb、Cd、Cr元素含量进行检测。结果:通过各对照组间相应元素含量对比发现,女生发样中有益元素含量高于男生;烫染发样中Cu、Pb、Cr三种重金属元素含量高;运动量大者Zn含量低,Fe、Ca、Cu、Mn含量高。     

不同产地金毛狗脊中无机元素的含量测定

采用原子吸收分光光度计测定了三地金毛狗脊中 K、Na等 1 5种无机元素含量。结果显示 ,云南、广西、福建 3个产地的金毛狗脊和炮制药材的无机元素比较丰富 ,大多数无机元素在不同产地之间的含量差异不大。所测 1 5种元素中均以 K的含量最高 ,其次是 Mn     

海南枫香中人体必需无机元素含量测定与分析

应用原子吸收分光光度计 (AAS)、火焰光度计测定了海南中部山区野生枫香树叶中人体必需 1 0种无机元素。Zn/Cu比值 (叶 3.2 8)明显低于人类植物性食物中所含相应比值 1 1 .4。揭示了枫香树可能有治疗糖尿病和降血压的功效 ;枫香树叶中的人体必需元素的含量与黑糯米、黑黄豆、黑芝麻相比 ,Zn、Cu的含量相差不多 ,而 Fe约高 4倍 ,Mg约高 3倍 ,Mn约高 1 3倍 ,Ca约高 1 .5～ 40 0倍。枫香树叶不管是作为药用植物还是作为食品添加物 ,其价值都应引起重视。     

中蒙药利尿八味散微量元素的测定分析

采用原子吸收分光光度计测定了中蒙药利尿八味散中 Ca、Fe、Zn、Mn、Pb、Cu、Mg、Cd等微量元素的含量 ,结果 Ca、Mg、Fe的含量比较高 ,Cd的含量很低     

贵州产黑色食品矿质元素含量的测定与分析

测定黑糯米、黑黄豆、黑芝麻中 6种矿物元素 ( Zn、Cu、Fe、Ca、Mn、Mg)的含量 ,并与相应普通糯米、黄豆、白芝麻进行比较。结果表明 :黑糯米、黑黄豆的 6种矿质元素含量均高于白糯米和黄豆 ;黑芝麻的 Mn、Ca含量高于白芝麻 ,Zn、Cu、Fe、Mg含量低于白芝麻。该结果可为开发利用贵州黑色食品提供一定的理论依据     

黑米和红米抗动脉硬化和抗氧化作用初步研究

目的 :　研究黑米和红米抗动脉粥样硬化 ( AS)和抗氧化作用。方法 :　 2 4只雄性新西兰兔随机分为三组 ,饲含胆固醇 5 g/kg,猪油 35 g/kg,米粉 (分别为白米 ,黑米及红米 ) 30 0 g/kg的混合饲料。 1 0 w后处死 ,测主动脉脂质斑块面积 ;肝匀浆活性氧 ( ROS) ;血清和肝总抗氧化能力 ( TAC) ;红细胞和肝超氧化物歧化酶 ( SOD)活性 ;全血和肝谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 ( GSH- Px)活性 ;血清和肝丙二醛 ( MDA)、一氧化氮 ( NO)含量及一氧化氮合成酶 ( NOS)活性。结果 :　与白米组相比较 ,黑、红米二组的主动脉脂质斑块面积和肝 ROS显著降低 ( P<0 .0 5 ) ;而血清和肝 TAC均显著增高 ( P<0 .0 5 ) ;红细胞 SOD活性也显著增高 ( P<0 .0 5 )。但三组间肝 SOD活性没有显著性差异 ( P<0 .0 5 ) ,而且血和肝 GSH- Px、NOS活性以及 MDA、NO含量的差异也不显著 ( P>0 .0 5 )。结论 :　黑、红米可降低高脂高胆固醇饲实验兔的主动脉脂质斑块面积 ,其抗 AS作用机制可能是通过降低体内 ROS水平 ,提高机体抗氧化能力 ,从而减少动脉壁细胞及其它成分的氧化损伤     

米类食品中锌铁钙锰铜等元素含量测定与研究

用原子吸收光谱仪 ,对大米、黑米、红米、糯米及小米中锌铁钙锰铜等元素含量进行了测定 ,结果表明米类食品中含有较为丰富的营养元素 ,但不同种类的米类中所含营养元素有一定的差异。实验中采用测定回收率和管理样的办法 ,保证了所测定数据的准确性     

Genotypic differences in arsenic,mercury, lead and cadmium in milled rice (Oryza sativa L.)

The contents of arsenic, mercury, lead and cadmium in milled rice were determined. Among 216 genotypes, the As, Hg, Pb and Cd contents were ranged from 5.06 to 296.45, 2.46 to 65.85, 4.16 to 744.95 and 5.91 to 553.40 ng/g, respectively. Six genotypes with lower contents of toxic metal elements were selected. The averages of As and Pb contents for indica rice were higher than those of japonica rice, while the averages of Hg and Cd contents were in contrast. Compared with white brown rice, the milled rice from black and red brown rice contained lower contents of four elements. Significant negative correlation was found between As content and alkaline spread value. Significant correlations were observed between As and aspartic acid (Asp) content, Hg and Asp or leucine contents, Pb and cysteine or methionine contents. Cd content was significantly negatively correlated with protein and 14 amino acid contents.     

The effect of cultivation intensity on mineral content in grain, flakes and bran of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)--preliminary study

The aim of the study was to assess the effect of cultivation intensity on the Ca, Mg, Zn and Fe contents in winter wheat grain, flakes and bran. The initial material for the study comprised grain, flakes and bran of two winter wheat cultivars Kobiera and Bogatka. These cultivars were from two strain testing stations located in Lower Silesia, Zybiszów and Tomaszów Boles?awiecki in the years 2007-2008. The cultivation was conducted on two intensity levels: lower and higher The mineral content was determined by the flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The investigation showed that the level of cultivation had no significant effect on the content of all minerals analyzed in grain, flakes and bran. The Ca content in wheat grain, flakes and bran was stable, regardless of varieties, weather conditions, tillage intensity and cultivation place, furthermore soil conditions significantly affect Fe content in wheat grain, flakes and bran.     

Genotypic differences in arsenic, mercury, lead and cadmium in milled rice (Oryza sativa L.)

The contents of arsenic, mercury, lead and cadmium in milled rice were determined. Among 216 genotypes, the As, Hg, Pb and Cd contents were ranged from 5.06 to 296.45, 2.46 to 65.85, 4.16 to 744.95 and 5.91 to 553.40?ng/g, respectively. Six genotypes with lower contents of toxic metal elements were selected. The averages of As and Pb contents for indica rice were higher than those of japonica rice, while the averages of Hg and Cd contents were in contrast. Compared with white brown rice, the milled rice from black and red brown rice contained lower contents of four elements. Significant negative correlation was found between As content and alkaline spread value. Significant correlations were observed between As and aspartic acid (Asp) content, Hg and Asp or leucine contents, Pb and cysteine or methionine contents. Cd content was significantly negatively correlated with protein and 14 amino acid contents.     

黑米和红米对兔主动脉脂质斑块面积和血脂的影响

为了研究黑米和红米是否有抗动脉粥样硬化作用及其可能机制,将２４只雄性新西兰兔随机分为３组,每组８只。饲含胆固醇５ｇ／ｋｇ,猪油３５ｇ／ｋｇ,米粉（分别为白米、红米和黑米）３００ｇ／ｋｇ的混合饲料。１０周后,由心脏取血后处死动物,摘取心脏、主动脉、肝脏和肾脏,测定主动脉脂质斑块面积、血脂水平。实验结束时３组动物的心、肝和肾脏重量（ｇ／ｋｇ ＢＷ）无显著性差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）。黑米和红米组斑块面积显著     

The effects of breads containing similar amounts of phytate but different amounts of wheat bran on calcium, zinc and iron balance in man

The capacity of wheat bran to impair mineral absorption independent of its phytate content was studied by metabolic balance studies in man. Three breads were prepared, equivalent to white, brown and wholemeal, by adding bran in different quantities to white flour. Calcium, iron, zinc and sodium phytate were added to the loaves to make the amounts equal in all breads. Six healthy volunteers were studied for three consecutive 24-d-periods during which they ate a controlled diet, typical of that normally consumed in the UK but with 200 g bread/d. Only the type of bread changed between each dietary period. The phytate contents (mmol) of 200 g of each of the breads after baking were: white 2.3, brown 2.1 and wholemeal 2.2; non-starch polysaccharide contents (g) were: white 3.3, brown 10.9 and wholemeal 18.7. The increased amount of bran in the breads increased stool output in the expected way but no change was seen in Ca, Zn and Fe balance. Blood levels of these minerals remained unchanged. It is concluded that wheat bran and, in particular, the cell-wall polysaccharides of bran, are unlikely to exert a significant effect on mineral absorption in man, in amounts customarily eaten, independently of the effect of phytate present in the bran.     

Iron absorption from brown rice/brown rice-based meal and milled rice/milled rice-based meal

Background Milled rice is the staple food among Filipinos and is mostly consumed three times a day. Rice as a source of iron could therefore have an important role in the existing 37% prevalence of iron-deficiency anemia in the country. Previous iron absorption studies in Filipinos from rice and rice-based meals were carried out on milled rice but no research was done on brown rice of the same variety. This leads to the hypothesis that brown rice may be better than milled rice in terms of iron content.

Objective To determine iron absorption from brown rice and brown rice-based meal, and from milled rice and milled rice-based meal of the same variety.

Methods The rice variety used in the study was F₂ seeds of PSB Rc72H. Iron absorption from brown/milled rice and brown/milled rice-based meals was determined in 12 healthy human subjects from the incorporation of radioisotopes of iron into erythrocytes 14 days after administration of the labeled rice/rice-based meals. The above samples were also analyzed for nutrient content, including dietary fiber, and iron.

Results The iron content of brown rice was significantly higher (1.1 ± 0.1 mg/100 g) than that of milled rice (0.6 ± 0.1 mg/100 g). Brown rice has significantly greater amounts of total dietary fiber (5.4 ± 0.4%) than milled rice (1.7 ± 0.2%; P < 0.05). Both tannic acid and phytic acid contents in brown rice (56.9 ± 3.2 mg/100 g and 290.1 ± 18.0 mg/100 g, respectively) were significantly higher than those of milled rice (21.3 ± 2.3 mg/100 g and 84.0 ± 12.4 mg/100 g, respectively; P<0.05). The amount of iron absorbed from brown rice (0.13 ± 0.02 mg) did not differ significantly from that from milled rice (0.14 ± 0.02 mg). However, the amount from brown rice-based meal (0.36 ± 0.04 mg) differed significantly from that from brown rice (P<0.05) as well as that from milled rice-based meal (0.35 ± 0.03 mg) from that from milled rice (P<0.05). Moreover, brown rice-based meal did not differ significantly from milled rice-based meal (P<0.05).

Conclusion Iron absorbed from milled rice and brown rice did not differ significantly, as well as that from brown rice-based meal and milled rice-based meal. Differences in iron absorbed from brown/milled rice and brown/milled rice-based meals may be due to the iron content of the test foods and the presence of iron enhancers in the meal (e.g. fish, vegetables and citrus fruit).     

Mineral contents of brans passed through the human GI tract

Concentrations of Cu, Fe, Zn, Ca, and phytate were measured in dry-milled corn bran, wheat brans, and soybean hulls prior to being baked in bread and after passage through the human GI tract. Significant changes in mineral concentrations in the retrieved remnants compared to the starting materials were as follows: Cu, Fe, and Zn increased by factors of from two to four and Ca increased at least ten-fold in dry milled corn bran; Ca increased and phytate decreased in wheat brans; Zn increased and Fe decreased in soy hulls. These studies show that indigestible remnants of wheat brans in the human colon associate preferentially with calcium and that dry milled corn bran remnants can be loaded with increased concentrations of all four minerals, and especially with calcium. Concentrations of minerals and phytate were significantly greater in whole fecal samples from wheat bran diets than in the corresponding retrieved bran remnants.