冠状动脉支架内再狭窄临床相关因素分析

目的　探讨冠状动脉支架内再狭窄与临床因素的关系。方法　前瞻性选择了冠心病易患因素、靶病变长度、支架术后管腔最小直径等 17项观察指标 ,对成功置入冠状动脉内支架 (coronarystent ,CS)并进行冠状动脉造影随访的 81例病人 (10 6条靶血管、12 2枚支架 )进行临床资料分析。单因素和多因素回归分析上述各种临床因素与再狭窄的关系。结果　 81例中有 2 7例病人的 33处原支架内发生再狭窄 ,靶病变再狭窄率为 2 7 0 %(33/ 12 2 )。单因素分析发现 :再狭窄组病人中空腹血清胰岛素 >15 μU·mL-1、血管病变长度≥ 15mm、支架术后管腔最小直径 <3 0mm者的比率明显高于无再狭窄组 (分别为 5 9 3%、33 3% ,P <0 0 5 ;6 3 6 %、38 2 % ,P <0 0 5 ;5 4 5 %、2 9 2 % ,P <0 0 1)。多元Logistic回归分析发现 :支架术后管腔最小直径 <3 0mm、靶病变长度≥15mm、空腹血清胰岛素 >15 μU·mL-1是CS术后再狭窄的独立危险因素。结论　较小的支架术后管腔最小直径、过长的靶病变、高胰岛素血症是CS术后再狭窄的最重要的独立危险因素。     

冠状动脉支架内再狭窄的相关性因素分析

目的通过分析冠状动脉支架内再狭窄(ISR)的相关性因素,探讨如何降低冠状动脉ISR的发生。方法选择100例冠状动脉ISR和100例无冠状动脉ISR的患者,通过对比两组患者的冠心病危险因素及冠状动脉支架情况来分析影响冠状动脉ISR的相关因素,并通过Logistic回归分析得出相关因素的相关强度排序。结果吸烟、血压、血糖、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和支架直径、长度、部位、数量在冠状动脉ISR组与无冠状动脉ISR组比较中,有显著性差异(P<0.05);急性心肌梗死患者中,未应用Ⅱb/Ⅲa受体拮抗剂及C反应蛋白增高者在两组比较中有显著性差异(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示冠状动脉ISR与餐后2 h血糖及吸烟相关性较强;冠状动脉ISR与冠状动脉支架情况的相关性强度为:多枚支架>支架直径>支架长度>支架部位。结论糖尿病、吸烟、高血压、高脂血症及冠状动脉多支病变、重度狭窄、急性心肌梗死患者未应用血小板Ⅱb/Ⅲa受体拮抗剂、C反应蛋白升高是冠状动脉ISR的重要相关因素。     

冠状动脉支架内再狭窄及其危险因素概述

冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(简称冠心病)是严重威胁人类健康的主要疾病之一,针对冠心病最常用的治疗方式是经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI).支架植入后发生的支架内再狭窄(ISR)始终是困扰介入医师和患者的并发症.目前认为支架内再狭窄发生可能与血管内膜新生和新生动脉粥样硬化相关,但其具体进展机制尚无定论,因此仍缺乏针对ISR的预防...     

冠状动脉支架内再狭窄诊治现状

随着冠心病冠状动脉(冠脉)支架置入术的广泛开展,支架内远期再狭窄病例越来越多,为寻求最佳预防措施.本文就目前有关支架内再狭窄形成原因、发生机制、诊断新技术及治疗措施方面的现状作一综述.     

CCTA诊断冠状动脉支架内再狭窄的价值及再狭窄相关因素分析

目的评价冠状动脉CT血管造影(CCTA)在诊断冠状动脉支架植入术后支架内再狭窄的价值,并对再狭窄支架方面的相关因素进行分析。方法对106例冠状动脉支架植入术后患者,分别行CCTA及冠状动脉造影(CAG)检查,将CAG的诊断结果作为金标准,评估CCTA诊断支架内再狭窄的灵敏度、特异度,并分析支架内再狭窄是否与支架部位、直径、长度及类型有关。结果 (1) CCTA对106例患者的174枚支架内再狭窄的诊断特异度、灵敏度、阴性预测值、阳性预测值分别是97. 3%、91. 7%、98. 6%、84. 6%,与CAG的诊断一致性较高(Kappa=0. 860)。(2)支架内再狭窄与支架直径、狭窄性病变是否处于血管分叉处有关,与支架长度、支架所在冠脉节段、支架类型无关。结论 CCTA对冠状动脉支架内再狭窄的诊断结果与CAG的诊断结果存在较高的一致性。支架内再狭窄的形成与支架直径及狭窄性病变是否处于血管分叉处有关。     

冠状动脉内放射治疗对支架内再狭窄的作用

目的　研究应用β射线 (90 Sr/90 y)进行冠状动脉内放射治疗对国人支架内再狭窄的作用。方法　自 1 999年 1 2月至 2 0 0 2年 1月 ,我院对 5 3例患者 [男 4 9例 ,女 4例 ,平均年龄 (5 3 2± 9 8)岁 ]5 5处支架内再狭窄病变 (支架直径≥ 2 5mm ,1 0mm≤病变长度≤ 30mm) ,在球囊 (1 0处病变用普通球囊 ,4 5处病变用切割球囊 )满意扩张后 ,应用Beta Cath系统 (Novoste)进行冠状动脉内放射治疗。放射源长度 4 0mm。术后 8个月随访冠状动脉造影 ,用MEDCONViewer软件包进行定量冠状动脉造影 (QCA)分析。结果　 5 3例患者 5 5处支架内再狭窄病变均被满意扩张 ,冠状动脉内放射治疗全部成功 ,术中并发冠状动脉痉挛 1例 (1 8%) ,无其他并发症。全部患者随访期中无死亡 ,随访≥ 8个月 33例患者中 1例 (3 0 %)发生非Q波心肌梗死 ,6例 (1 8 2 %)进行靶血管重建术。该 33例患者中 2 9例(87 9%) 30处病变进行了随访冠状动脉造影 ,再狭窄率在支架段为 1 0 0 %(3/30 ) ,分析段为 2 3 3 %(7/30 )。最小管径直径术前为 (0 41± 0 2 2 )mm ,术后即刻为 (1 99± 0 42 )mm ,8个月随访时为 (1 73± 0 82 )mm ,平均病变长度为 (2 3 3± 5 4)mm。全部患者无晚期血栓形成、假性动脉瘤及冠状动脉瘤发生。结论　应用90 Sr     

冠脉支架植入术后支架内再狭窄的危险因素分析

目的:探讨冠状动脉支架植人术后支架内再狭窄发生的危险因素。方法:对2006年1月1日至2006年12月31日在我院行冠状动脉支架植入术后行冠状动脉造影随访的121例资料进行了回顾性分析。统计学上采用logis-tic多因素逐步回归分析。结果:多因素logistic回归分析显示再狭窄与患者是否有糖尿病,是否吸烟以及第二次冠脉介入治疗前LDL-C水平成显著正相关,其相对危险度(RR)分别为11.55、5.48和12.60;而与支架是否为药物涂层成负相关,RR为0.01。结论:糖尿病患者为支架术后再狭窄的的高危人群,药物支架可减少再狭窄的发生。对于支架植入术后的患者,戒烟以及控制LDL-C的水平是减少支架内再狭窄的关键因素。     

涂层支架对冠状动脉支架内再狭窄的防治

冠状动脉支架术是心血管病治疗学上的一次革命，但3－6个月后再狭窄率大约为30％左右，严重危及人们的生命健康。因此，再狭窄的防治已成为心血管病研究的一个重要课题。本文对涂层支架对再狭窄的防治做一综述。     

冠状动脉支架内再狭窄的研究进展

冠状动脉支架置入术自上世纪80年代应用于临床,目前已成为心肌血运重建的主要手段.支架内再狭窄(ISR)是指支架置入术后6～9个月冠脉造影发现其管腔净丢失率≥50％,有10％ ～ 50％的患者可发生ISR[1],术后3～6个月为高峰期,严重影响手术疗效和预后.现结合文献对冠脉ISR的研究进展综述如下.     

涂层支架对冠状动脉支架内再狭窄的防治

随着冠状动脉内支架植入术的广泛应用 ,支架内再狭窄 (in stentrestenosis,ISR)的问题也越来越突出 ,很多冠心病患者在接受支架治疗后的缺血事件复发与ISR有关。目前配合口服抗凝、抗血小板聚集剂及局部放射疗法等对ISR有所改善 ,但不能彻底解决问题。随着ISR病理生理机制的逐渐阐明 ,许多心血管病医生 ,尤其是介入心脏病医生寄希望于———涂层支架。即把能够抑制术后再狭窄的物质 (包括药物、抗凝剂、抗增殖剂、转基因载体、放射物质等 )与支架整合在一起以充分发挥局部作用。这一方法在防治研究中的地位日益受到重视 ,并且某些涂层…     

Influence of lesion length on restenosis after coronary stent placement

The length of a coronary lesion is a significant predictor of restenosis after balloon angioplasty. The influence of lesion length has not comprehensively been assessed after coronary stent placement. This study includes 2,736 consecutive patients with coronary stent placement. Only patients with recent or chronic occlusions before the intervention were excluded. Patients were divided in 2 groups: 573 patients with long lesions (≥15 mm) and 2,163 patients with short lesions (<15 mm). There were no significant differences between the groups with respect to the procedural success rate and incidence of subacute thrombosis. One-year event-free survival was lower in patients with long lesions (73.3% vs 80.0%, p = 0.001). Six-month angiography was performed in 82.5% of the eligible patients. The incidence of binary restenosis (≥50% diameter stenosis) was higher in patients with long lesions (36.9% vs 27.9%, p <0.001). Similarly, patients with long lesions presented more late lumen loss than those with short lesions (1.29 ± 0.89 vs 1.07 ± 0.77 mm, p <0.001). Multivariate models for both binary restenosis and late lumen loss demonstrated that lesion length was an independent risk factor for restenosis. The risk was further increased by multiple stent placement and overlapping stents that were also independent risk factors of restenosis. Stented segment length did not show any independent effect. Therefore, long lesions represent an independent risk factor for restenosis after coronary stent placement. The results of this study suggest that a possible way to reduce the risk is to cover the lesion with a minimal number of nonoverlapping stents.     

血细胞参数预测冠状动脉支架内再狭窄的研究进展

冠状动脉介入技术的日益成熟和新型药物洗脱支架(DES)的广泛使用极大降低了支架内再狭窄(ISR)的风险.然而,ISR仍然是冠状动脉介入治疗失败的重要原因.炎症和血小板活化是ISR病理生理学的重要过程.与之相关的血细胞参数,包括细胞计数和形态参数,是临床实践中炎症反应和血小板活化的有用标志物.近年来大量临床研究强调了血细...     

经皮腔内冠状动脉成形术后再狭窄的临床多因素分析

目的:通过对再狭窄和临床易患因素关系的分析,希望找出再狭窄的独立预测因素.方法;本研究回顾性分析了50例(共61支血管)在我院成功进行了PTCA术,并于术后6个月有完整冠状动脉造影随访资料的病人,通过单因素及多因素方法分析再狭窄与临床因素的关系.结果:再狭窄率为49.2%(30/61).单因素分析中发现病变AHA/ACC分型B和C型、长病变、术前直径狭窄百分比较大、术前最小管腔直径较小组的再狭窄率高,以上4个因素和再狭窄的关系有显著统计学意义(P<0.01).球囊最大充气压较大和梗塞相关血管的再狭窄率较高,以上2因素和再狭窄的关系有统计学意义(P<0.05).多元Logistic回归分析结果显示病变分型为B和C型、梗塞相关血管、最大球囊充气压较大可使再狭窄率增高.结论:病变分型、梗塞相关血管、球囊最大充气压力再狭窄的独立预测因素.     

Early coronary artery stent restenosis: Utility of percutaneous coronary angioscopy

Restenosis of an endovascular stent may be caused by thrombus, intimal hyperplasia, or extrinsic compression. Angiography may not adequately define the etiology of restenosis. We describe a patient in whom angioscopy proved important in diagnosing intimal hyperplasia obviating the need for thrombolytic therapy and prolonged anti-coagulation.     

冠心丹参滴丸对冠心病支架置入术后再狭窄的防治作用

目的观察冠心丹参滴丸对冠心病支架置入术后再狭窄的疗效及其作用机制。方法将60例行冠脉支架置入术治疗的冠心病患者随机分为观察组与对照组各30例,对照组在支架置入术后予常规西药治疗,观察组在常规西药治疗基础上加用冠心丹参滴丸。观察术后6个月再狭窄发生率、心血管事件发生率、临床症状变化,并比较术后心室功能及血清IL-18、hs—CRP水平。结果术后6个月,观察组中医症候总有效率高于对照组（P〈0．05）;不良心血管事件发生率低于对照组（P〈0．05）;室壁运动指数、左室射血分数及IL-18、hs—CRP水平两组比较有统计学差异（P均〈0．05）。结论冠心丹参滴丸可以降低冠脉介入术后再狭窄率。     

Overlapping vs. one long stenting in long coronary lesions.

Intervention of long coronary lesions remains problematic, and optimal treatment strategy is yet to be determined. Despite advancement of stent technology, data are few regarding the efficacy of overlapping stents vs. a single long stent in long coronary lesions. This study was performed to evaluate the results of those strategies for long coronary lesions and to determine the predictors of in-stent restenosis (ISR). Sixty-four lesions (> 20 mm) in 64 patients were treated with either one long stent (group 1, n = 32) or two overlapping stents (group 2, n = 32). Overlapping stents were used at tortuous or calcified lesions and at lesions with diameter discrepancy or significant dissection. Immediate results, follow-up clinical and angiographic outcomes, and predictors of ISR were evaluated. Procedures were successful in all patients in both groups. Clinical and angiographic follow-ups were performed in 54 (84%) cases and 50 (78%) cases, respectively. During the follow-up, major adverse cardiac event occurred in 36% of group 1 and 29% of group 2 (P = 0.56). Six-month ISR rates were 39% in group 1 and 41% in group 2 (P = 0.91). Age (>/= 65 years old) was an independent risk factor of ISR (54% vs. 23%; OR = 4.4; P = 0.04), and distal reference diameter (RD) of less than 2.5 mm tended to predict ISR in multivariate analysis (60% vs. 25%; OR = 3.5; P = 0.06). In conclusion, stent overlapping can be used with outcome similar to that of one long stent in long coronary lesions. The optimal result may be obtained by considering the patient's age and the distal vessel diameter of the lesion.     

老年冠心病患者支架内再狭窄危险因素分析

目的 探讨老年冠心病患者冠脉支架术后支架内再狭窄(ISR)的危险因素.方法 选取2016年1月-2019年12月在复旦大学附属华东医院心内科行经皮冠状动脉支架植入术,并于术后12个月常规复查冠脉造影的老年冠心病患者共208例作为研究对象,根据是否发生ISR,他们被分为ISR组(24例)和非ISR组(184例),比较2组...     

Accelerated plasminogen activator inhibitor may prevent late restenosis after coronary stenting in acute myocardial infarction

BACKGROUND: Although acceleration of plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PA-1) level after emergent coronary angioplasty in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been documented, its pathophysiologic role is still unknown. HYPOTHESIS: This study was designed to elucidate the role of PAI-1 in the development of restenosis after primary coronary stenting in AMI. METHODS: We selected for this study 66 patients with AMI, who underwent primary coronary stenting for infarct-related coronary artery lesions in an emergent situation. In all patients, plasma PAI-1 level was measured at admission, and at 3 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 1 month after coronary stenting. RESULTS: At admission, the PAI-1 level was equivalent in 24 patients who experienced restenosis and in 42 patients without restenosis (28 +/- 4 vs. 29 +/- 4 ng/ml). In patients with restenosis, the levels did not change during the course after coronary stenting. In patients without restenosis, however, the level significantly increased at 3 h (48 +/- 9 ng/ml, p < 0.001), 24 h (42 +/- 9, p < 0.01), and 48 h (38 +/- 7, p < 0.05) after coronary stenting, and was restored to the level equivalent to that at admission (27 +/- 2 ng/ml) I month aftercoronary stenting. The PA-1 level at 3 h after coronary stenting in patients without restenosis was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the level (33 +/- 6 ng/ml) in patients with restenosis. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that the PAI-1 level 3 h after coronary stenting was an independent predictor of restenosis (Wald chi2 = 3.826, p = 0.019, odds ratio 0.921, 95% confidence interval 0.866-0.961). CONCLUSION: Accelerated PAI-1 after coronary stenting in patients with AMI may protect against the development of late restenosis.     

Clinical and angiographic outcome in patients with in-stent restenosis and repeat target lesion revascularisation in small coronary arteries

OBJECTIVE—To evaluate the clinical and angiographic outcome in patients with in-stent restenosis in small coronary arteries and repeat target lesion revascularisation.
DESIGN—Patients with in-stent restenosis in coronary arteries  2.85 mm were eligible for the study and underwent target lesion revascularisation. Clinical and angiographic variables were assessed during a six month follow up period.
RESULTS—73 patients with 79 lesions were treated by percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (47%), excimer laser angioplasty (25%), or restenting (28%). The mean (SD) reference diameter before target lesion revascularisation was 2.12 (0.5) mm. Procedural success was achieved in all cases, but 57% of the patients had restenosis after six months. The rate of further restenosis was higher with laser angioplasty (78%) than with restenting (47%) or balloon angioplasty alone (49%, p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS—Treatment for in-stent restenosis in small coronary arteries is feasible and safe, with a second restenosis rate comparable to large coronary artery series. The strategy of target lesion revascularisation influences further in-stent restenosis, with an increased rate with laser angioplasty compared with restenting and repeat dilatation alone.


Keywords: restenosis; coronary stent; small vessels; coronary artery disease