系统性护理干预对降低ICU脑出血患者肺部感染率的效果

目的探讨系统性护理干预对重症监护室（ICU）患者肺部感染发生率的影响。方法将我院ICU收治的88例脑出血患者随机分为两组,对照组43例给予常规护理,观察组45例在常规护理基础上实施系统性护理干预,比较两组肺部感染发生率、入住ICU时间及相关并发症发生率。结果观察组肺部感染发生率11.1%,低于对照组的30.2%（P〈0.05）;观察组入住ICU时间短于对照组（P〈0.01）,相关并发症发生率低于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论系统性护理干预能有效减少ICU脑出血患者肺部感染及相关并发症发生率,值得临床推广应用。     

护理干预在神经外科术后肺部感染的应用研究

目的探析优质护理干预在神经外科术后肺部感染患者中的应用效果。方法分97例神经外科术后肺部感染患者为实验组、对照组,实验组予优质护理干预,对照组予常规护理,比较两组患者肺部感染及低氧血症发生率、平均住院时间及护理服务满意度。结果实验组肺部感染及低氧血症发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;实验组患者平均住院时间低于对照组,差异有显著性（t=10.09,P〈0.05）;实验组患者护理服务满意度（91.84%）明显高于对照组（77.08%）,差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.04,P〈0.05）。结论优质综合护理干预可有效减少神经外科手术肺部感染发病率及血氧饱和度发生率,明显提高了患者对护理服务的满意度。     

护理干预在ICU脑出血患者肺部感染预防中的应用

目的:探究护理干预在ICU脑出血患者肺部感染预防当中的应用效果。方法:选取我院2016年10月-2017年10月收治的ICU脑出血患者100例作为研究对象,随机平均分为观察组与对照组,各50例,观察组利用护理干预措施,对照组利用常规护理措施。结果:观察组的住院时间明显要低于对照组(P0.05);观察组的肺部感染率也显著低于对照组(P0.05);观察组的护理满意度要明显优于对照组,差异显著(P0.05)。结论:ICU脑出血患者常见的并发症就是肺部感染,患者利用护理干预措施可以有效缩短住院时间,降低肺部感染率,提高护理满意度,临床应用价值非常好。     

系统性护理干预对ICU患者肺部感染的影响

目的：探讨系统性护理干预对ICU患者肺部感染发生率的影响。方法将我院110例ICU脑出血患者随机分为两组各55例,观察组给予系统性护理干预,对照组仅行常规院内护理,比较两组肺部感染发生率。结果观察组肺部感染发生率明显低于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义。结论系统性护理干预措施能有效降低脑出血患者肺部感染率,值得临床推广。     

系统化护理对ICU气管切开肺部感染患者的影响观察

目的:探讨系统化护理对ICU气管切开肺部感染患者的临床影响。方法:选择我院ICU收治的80例气管切开肺部感染患者,采用随机数字表将其分为试验组、对照组,每组各40例,分别施以系统化护理、常规护理;对比两组护理效果。结果:与对照组相比,试验组肺部感染持续时间、ICU入住时间更短(P0.05)。试验组并发症发生率为5.00%,显著低于对照组20.00%(P0.05)。结论:系统化护理对促进ICU气管切开肺部感染患者康复,减低并发症发生率具有重要意义。     

ICU气管切开患者肺部感染的综合护理干预效果观察

目的:研究ICU气管切开患者肺部感染护理干预的有效性。方法:以我院2015年3月到2017年3月收治的100例ICU气管切开术后并发肺部感染的患者对观察对象,将100例患者划分为观察组和对照组。观察组50人,对照组50人,两组在性别、年龄、疾病类型方面的差异无统计学意义(P0.05),具有可比性。对观察组采用综合护理干预法,对对照组采取常规护理法,对比两组护理效果和并发症发生率。结果:观察组总有效率大于对照组,且观察组并发症发生率小于对照组,以上差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:综合护理干预对提升ICU气管切开肺部感染患者护理效果和减少并发症的发生有着显著的作用,值得推广。     

集束化护理在ICU人工气道患者中的应用

目的探讨集束化护理干预策略在ICU人工气道患者中的应用效果。方法选择2015年8月至2017年2月在我院ICU收治的建立人工气道的患者212例,随机分为观察组112例和对照组100例。对照组采用常规护理方法,观察组采用集束化护理。观察2两组患者肺部感染及意外脱管发生情况,以及统计2组患者护理满意度情况。结果观察组患者意外脱管率和肺部感染发生率均低于对照组患者,观察者患者护理满意度显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论采用集束化护理干预策略可降低ICU人工气道患者呼吸系统感染及相关并发症的发生率,提高气道管理水平和护理满意度,值得临床推广。     

护理干预对脑出血术后并发症的影响分析

目的：探讨不同护理干预对脑出血患者术后并发症的影响。方法：选取2013年06月～2014年06月入住我院的脑出血患者90例,按双盲法将其分成实验组45例,对照组45例,分别给予预防性护理、基础护理,比较两组并发症发生率。结果：实验组脑出血患者应激性溃疡、中枢性高热、肺部感染等并发症发生率为13.3％,显著低于对照组的28.9％,组间差异有统计学意义（P ＜0.05）。结论：预防性护理措施可降低脑出血患者并发症发生率,改善预后。     

ICU脑出血患者预防肺部感染采取护理干预的临床观察

目的探究针对ICU脑出血患者所实施的预防肺部感染的护理对策。方法研究资料是本院2017年11月至2018年11月收治的ICU脑出血患者,一共收集病例资料100例,将全部病人分组,一组为观察组,一组为对照组,每组患者有50例。给对照组患者实施一般护理措施,给观察组患者实施预防性护理措施。结果比较两组患者发生不良事件的概率、并发症发生的概率,观察组少于对照组,经比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。比较了两组患者满意度情况,观察组显著高于对照组,两组比较,差异显著。结论将有效的预防护理措施应用在ICU脑出血患者中,对预防患者发生肺部感染等不良事件、并发症等有很好的效果,使患者取得很好的治疗效果。     

98例高血压脑出血患者术后肺部感染预防与护理

目的：探讨高血压脑出血患者术后肺部感染的预防与护理。方法将我院2012年8月-2013年8月高血压脑出血患者98例随机分为两组各49例,对照组行常规护理,观察组行预防性护理,比较两组术后肺部感染的发生情况和护理满意度。结果观察组术后肺部感染发生率显著低于对照组,护理满意度显著高于对照组（P 〈0.05）。结论高血压脑出血患者术后预防性护理有助于降低肺部感染发生率和提高护理满意度。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.