翻白草对2型糖尿病大鼠胰岛素敏感性的影响

目的：探讨翻白草对2型糖尿病大鼠胰岛素敏感性的影响。方法：以高热量饲料加链脲佐菌素建立的2型糖尿病大鼠模型为研究对象,研究不同剂量翻白草水煎剂对胰岛素敏感性指数的影响。结果：成功诱导大鼠2型糖尿病模型,与对照组相比,2型糖尿病大鼠胰岛素敏感性明显下降（P〈0.01）;与2型糖尿病组相比,翻白草治疗组大鼠胰岛素敏感性有所改善。结论：翻白草能够改善2型糖尿病大鼠的胰岛素敏感性。     

番石榴叶治疗2型糖尿病大鼠胰岛素抵抗的分子机制研究

目的:研究番石榴叶水煎剂对2型糖尿病大鼠胰岛素降解酶基因mRNA表达的影响.方法:随机选取以不同剂量的番石榴叶水煎剂灌胃的2型糖尿病大鼠、以安慰剂灌胃的2型糖尿病大鼠、以及正常对照各10只,用RT-PCR法测定肝细胞胰岛素降解酶基因mRNA的表达.结果:服用番石榴叶后,2型糖尿病大鼠的胰岛素降解酶基因mRNA的表达下降,而服用安慰剂的糖尿病大鼠上述指标无显著变化.结论:番石榴叶能降低2型糖尿病大鼠胰岛素降解酶基因的表达.     

自发性2型糖尿病大鼠血浆低脂联素血症导致胰岛素抵抗

目的观察自发性2型糖尿病大鼠血浆脂联素(APN)与胰岛素抵抗的关系。方法自发性2型糖尿病大鼠OLETF鼠20只,同系健康对照LETO鼠10只作为正常对照组。饲养13和40周后,行口服葡萄糖耐量试验;于8、32和40周分批宰杀,检测血糖、血浆脂联素、胰岛素、血清甘油三酯、游离脂肪酸和胆固醇水平。结果 8周龄时OLETF鼠血浆APN水平显著低于LETO组(P<0.05),并进行性降低。32周龄和40周龄时OLETF组大鼠血浆胰岛素水平和甘油三酯、胆固醇、游离脂肪酸显著高于LETO组(P<0.01)。结论 OLETF鼠血浆APN水平与胰岛素抵抗显著负相关,且先于胰岛素抵抗和葡萄糖耐量受损发生;低脂联素血症可能是导致胰岛素抵抗的重要原因。     

链脲佐菌素诱导大鼠2型糖尿病模型的建立

目的建立一种类似人2型糖尿病的动物模型。方法雄性SD成年大鼠高糖高脂饲料喂养,诱发出胰岛素抵抗,给予小剂量链脲佐菌素(STZ)25 mg/kg,腹腔注射,建立大鼠2型糖尿病模型。结果试验组大鼠血糖升高,对胰岛素敏感性下降,从生化指标证实造模成功。结论大鼠2型糖尿病模型造模成功,是人2型糖尿病及其治疗研究的理想动物模型。     

岩藻多糖对2型糖尿病的预防作用

目的研究岩藻多糖对链脲佐菌素诱导实验性2型糖尿病大鼠的预防作用。方法建立2型糖尿病大鼠动物模型,预防给药岩藻多糖（600mg/kg、400mg/kg、200mg/kg）5周后,测定大鼠、空腹血糖、血脂和血清胰岛素水平。结果高脂高糖饮食联合腹腔注射小剂量链脲佐菌素（30 mg/kg）可诱导大鼠2型糖尿病模型。岩藻多糖可降低大鼠空腹血糖,提高基础胰岛素水平,升高胰岛素敏感指数,改善胰岛素抵抗。并能降低血清胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量,升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平。结论岩藻多糖对实验性2型糖尿病的发生有预防作用。     

链脲佐菌素诱导大鼠2型糖尿病免疫模型的建立

目的：建立一种类似人2型糖尿病的免疫动物模型。方法：雄性Wistar成年大鼠高糖高脂饲料喂养,诱发出胰岛素抵抗,给予小剂量链脲佐菌素（STZ）35mg/kg,腹腔注射,再给予普通饮食1个月,建立大鼠2型糖尿病免疫模型。结果：试验组大鼠血糖升高,空腹胰岛素降低,胰岛素敏感指数下降,胸腺指数降低,IL-6升高,IL-2降低,胸腺出现免疫病理改变,从生化及病理指标证实造模成功。结论：大鼠2型糖尿病免疫异常模型造模成功,是人2型糖尿病及其治疗研究的实验动物模型。     

链脲佐菌素诱导大鼠2型糖尿病免疫模型的建立

目的:建立一种类似人2型糖尿病的免疫动物模型。方法:雄性Wistar成年大鼠高糖高脂饲料喂养,诱发出胰岛素抵抗,给予小剂量链脲佐菌素(STZ)35mg/kg,腹腔注射,再给予普通饮食1个月,建立大鼠2型糖尿病免疫模型。结果:试验组大鼠血糖升高,空腹胰岛素降低,胰岛素敏感指数下降,胸腺指数降低,IL-6升高,IL-2降低,胸腺出现免疫病理改变,从生化及病理指标证实造模成功。结论:大鼠2型糖尿病免疫异常模型造模成功,是人2型糖尿病及其治疗研究的实验动物模型。     

链尿佐菌素加高糖高脂饮食复制大鼠2型糖尿病模型

目的链尿佐菌素加高糖高脂饮食诱导大鼠2型糖尿病模型的建立。方法SD雄性大鼠高糖高脂饲料喂养3周后，采血检测空腹血糖及血清胰岛素，按25mg/g体重剂量一次性腹腔内注射链尿佐菌素，3d后，行糖耐量实验，对糖耐量异常大鼠继续喂以高糖高脂饲料，在第2、第4周再两次采血检测糖尿病鼠空腹血糖及血清胰岛素。结果与对照组比较，高糖高脂喂养大鼠血清胰岛素明显上升（P〈0.01），但血糖无变化（P〉0.05），糖尿病鼠血糖及血清胰岛素均显著的高于对照组（P〈0.01）。结论高糖高脂喂养能致大鼠明显的高胰岛素血症，辅以小剂量一次性注射链尿佐菌素而造成的糖耐量异常，可成功复制出2型糖尿病大鼠模型。     

胰敏颗粒胰腺灌流对2型糖尿病IR大鼠胰岛素含量的影响

目的观察胰敏颗粒对2型糖尿病大鼠胰腺离体灌流胰岛素分泌的影响。方法在链脲佐菌素(STZ)部分破坏大鼠胰岛细胞的基础上,喂养高脂高糖饲料造成大鼠2型糖尿病模型,分离造模大鼠胰腺进行离体灌流,检测胰腺灌流液胰岛素含量。结果在低糖刺激时,胰敏颗粒含药血清对离体胰腺分泌胰岛素无明显影响;在高糖刺激条件下,胰敏颗粒可刺激离体胰腺分泌胰岛素。结论胰敏颗粒对2型糖尿病胰岛分泌缺陷有一定的改善作用。      

GK糖尿病大鼠发病机理的研究进展

自发Ⅱ型糖尿病GK大鼠与人类非肥胖型Ⅱ型糖尿病进展极为相似.GK大鼠主要特点为胰岛素分泌受损、胰岛β细胞数量减少,空腹血糖升高,肝糖原生成增多,肌肉和脂肪组织中度胰岛素抵抗等特点.文章主要从GK大鼠遗传学特征、胰腺的形态学异常及胰腺、肝脏,肌肉和脂肪组织的细胞因子的变化以及它们与Ⅱ型糖尿病的发病机理的关系的研究进展作一综述.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.