Depression and self-verbalization

The relevance of cognitions is a central issue in recent theories of depression. The present study investigated differences in contingent positive and negative self-verbalization between two groups of inpatients, one clinically depressive and one nondepressive. The depressive group made significantly less positive and significantly more negative self-verbalizations in both success and failure situations.     

梅核气、脏躁和抑郁症

本文对《金匮要略》中的脏躁、梅核气两病及现代社会的常见心理疾病抑郁症进行了综述，通过中西医的不同角度探讨了中医传统疾病脏燥、梅核气之间的联系，及其与西医现代心理疾病抑郁症之间的联系。认为脏躁、梅核气在临床表现上属于抑郁症分类的两个分型，通过中西医结合的方法可以获得更佳的治疗效果，为中医临床辨证论治提供参考。     

中国男性抑郁症中医诊治研究进展

基于传统文化对我国男性的影响,抑郁症逐渐成为我国男性工作事业、家庭和谐的隐形杀手,对它的治疗及预防应值得人们重视。西医对男性抑郁症的治疗主要以心理治疗、西药治疗、电抽搐治疗等方式为主,但存在许多不足之处;祖国传统医学对中国男性抑郁症的治疗具有疗效好、副作用少、经济实惠等优势。该文以传统医学为理论指导,结合现代医学从我国男性抑郁症的病因病机,中医治疗抑郁症的最新研究进展方面整理、归纳相关文献,并补充了中国男性抑郁症的早期预防措施。为更好的利用祖国传统医学防治中国男性抑郁症提供理论依据,指导临床实践。     

中西医结合治疗脑卒中后抑郁症临床观察

目的:观察益水疏肝饮结合西医常规治疗脑卒中后抑郁症(PSD)的临床疗效。方法:将76例脑卒中后抑郁症患者随机分为两组,每组38例,对照组给予氟西汀常规治疗,治疗组在西药常规治疗基础上给予益水疏肝饮,治疗5周后对两组疗效进行分析,以HAMD量表、中医疗效指数进行疗效评定。结果:治疗后临床疗效及HAMD评分的减分率对比,有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论:中西医结合治疗脑卒中后抑郁症具有较好的疗效。     

DNA甲基化在抑郁症研究中的进展

抑郁症是一种以情绪低落、兴趣减退为主要特征的精神障碍,严重危害人类健康和增加社会经济负担。主流观点认为抑郁症是基因与环境交互作用的结果,表观遗传完美地将两者联系在一起。DNA甲基化是最主要的表观遗传修饰之一,也是抑郁症中研究最多的表观遗传机制。本文对常见DNA甲基/去甲基化酶与抑郁症的关系,候选基因DNA甲基化与DNA甲基化组学在抑郁症中的表达模式以及DNA甲基化与抗抑郁治疗的研究进展进行综述,以期为抑郁症的诊断与治疗提供参考。     

抑郁症的中医治疗

抑郁症是以持久的心境低落为特征的心境障碍，常伴有焦虑、躯体不适感和睡眠障碍等症状。临床表现为情绪低落，兴趣减退，自我评价过低，对前途悲观失望，不愿主动与人交往，有自杀的倾向。随着社会的发展，生活节奏加快，人们的压力增加，情感冲击加大，抑郁症的发病率呈逐年上升趋势。目前，抑郁症的治疗主要分为心理治疗和抗抑郁药物治疗，在我国，中药及针灸也是治疗抑郁症比较常用的手段，故就中医治疗抑郁症的相关情况做一具体阐述。     

抑郁症的中医干预研究进展

介绍近年来抑郁症的中医干预方法,从中药疗法、针灸疗法、艾灸疗法等8个方面进行综述,认为中医干预治疗抑郁症疗效可靠、副反应少,但仍存在一些不足之处,有待改进。     

抑郁症综合干预的研究进展

抑郁症是一种慢性反复发作性疾病,极大危害着人们的精神健康和生活质量。本文综述实施护理、心理和中医综合干预配合系统的药物治疗后的疗效,需不断加强抑郁症的综合干预方案的优化研究以有效提高抑郁症患者的临床疗效,提高临床痊愈率,降低复发率及改善社会功能。     

抑郁症中医证型量化评分特点研究

目的:探讨抑郁症中医证型量化评分特点.方法:对80例抑郁症患者进行中医辨证分型.首次将不同证型四诊结果,按照精神症状、躯体症状、饮食二便、睡眠、舌苔脉象等5项因子进行归纳分类,制定出中医证型量化评分量表,观察该量表评分情况.结果:各证型之间在躯体症状、饮食二便、睡眠评分上有显著差异.结论:抑郁症不同证型之间四诊结果严重程度有一定差异,该中医证型量化评分量表可相对定量地反映患者不同证型之间的严重程度差异(P<0.05),预示治疗后其临床疗效可能也不尽相同.这也是中医诊疗量化研究的一次初步尝试.     

中西医结合治疗对不同证型抑郁症抑郁情绪及认知功能改善

目的:探讨中西医结合治疗对不同证型抑郁症患者抑郁情绪和认知功能的改善效果。方法:选取2016年5月～2018年5月我院精神科收治的98例抑郁症患者作为研究对象,根据治疗方法的不同分为实验组和对照组,每组49例。实验组采用常规西医治疗联合中医辨证论治,对照组采用常规西医治疗,比较两组的疗效。结果:实验组的治疗总有效率为91.84%,高于对照组的77.55%,差异有统计学意义,P0.05;治疗后,实验组的HAMD评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义,P0.05;实验组的LOTCA评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义,P0.05。结论:中医辨证联合常规西医治疗抑郁症效果确切,可有效改善患者的抑郁情绪,提高其认知功能。     

化痰解郁安神汤联合中医情志疗法治疗失眠伴抑郁症的临床疗效评价

目的:探讨化痰解郁安神汤联合中医情志疗法治疗失眠伴抑郁症的临床疗效。方法:选取2016年1月至2018年12月到福建省漳州龙海市中医院接受治疗的失眠伴抑郁症患者192例为研究对象,随机分为对照组(常规西医治疗)与观察组(化痰解郁安神汤联合中医情志疗法),每组96例。比较2组中医证候总积分、HAMD(汉密尔顿抑郁量表)评分、PSQI(匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表)评分、不良反应发生率及复发率指标。结果:治疗结束,观察组在中医证候总积分、HAMD评分、PSQI评分、不良反应发生率及复发率指标上均低于对照组(P 0. 05)。结论:化痰解郁安神汤联合中医情志疗法方法可有效改善失眠伴抑郁症患者预后,值得推广使用。     

Depression and Subthreshold Depression in Stroke-Related Aphasia

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of depression and subthreshold depression in persons with aphasia. To investigate whether there are linguistic and cognitive differences between those with depression, subthreshold depression, and no depression.DesignSurvey.SettingRehabilitation hospital.ParticipantsParticipants with chronic aphasia due to a single left-hemisphere stroke (N=144).Main Outcome MeasuresCenter for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale to assess the prevalence of depression. The Western Aphasia Battery-Revised (WAB-R) to evaluate the type of aphasia; the Aphasia Quotient measured the severity of linguistic deficits.ResultsThe prevalence of depression in our participants was 19.44% while that of subthreshold depression was 22.22%. Depressed persons with aphasia had significantly lower WAB-R reading scores than those without depression.ConclusionsFindings suggest that persons with aphasia who have depressive symptoms may do worse on some linguistic measures than those with no depression. Since subthreshold depression can progress to depression, clinicians should routinely screen for depressive symptoms.     

Depression and Suicide

Background. Published data support genetic variants, as well as certain infectious agents, as potential risk factors for schizophrenia. Less is known about interactions between the risk factors.

Aim. To evaluate exposure to infectious agents and host genetic variation as joint risk factors.

Methods. We investigated four infectious agents: cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (HSV1, HSV2), and Toxoplasma gondii (TOX). We initially compared exposure using specific serum antibodies, among simplex and multiplex nuclear families (one or more than one affected offspring, respectively). If interactions between infectious agents and host genetic variation are important risk factors for schizophrenia, we reasoned that they would be more prominent among multiplex versus simplex families. We also evaluated the role of variation at chromosome 6p21‐p23 in conjunction with exposure. We used 22 short tandem repeat polymorphisms (STRPs) dispersed across this region.

Results. Though exposure to all four agents was increased among multiplex families versus simplex families, the difference was consistently significant only for CMV (odds of exposure to CMV in multiplex families: 2.47, 95% CI: 1.48–5.33). Transmission disequilibrium tests and case‐control comparisons using STRPs revealed significant linkage/association with D6S2672 among CMV+ schizophrenia patients.

Conclusions. Polymorphisms near D6S2672 could confer risk for schizophrenia in conjunction with CMV exposure.     

Depression and suicide

Although the phrase "no suicide without depression" may not be quite correct in this extreme wording, it must be stressed that the connection between depression and suicide is close and that the contribution of depression towards suicide is very large. The task of the examining physician is twofold. In the first place he has to judge from the phenomenological-psychopathological point of view to which extent the patient shows signs of the so-called "pre-suicidal syndrome", consisting of multi-dimensional narrowing in, inhibited and self-directed aggression, and increasing suicidal fantasies. Secondly, he has to investigate the pattern of the existing depression. Endogenous depression, senile depression and neurotic depression have to be taken into consideration and the extent of the risk of suicide depends, not least, on the type of depression. As to therapy, neurotic depression requires psychotherapy, senile depression calls for socio-therapeutic measures and endogenous depression necessitates the administration of antidepressives. In all cases, however, the foundation for successful therapy rests on the achievement of a harmonious and genuine doctor-patient relationship.