肠易激综合征T淋巴细胞亚群变化及其意义

目的 :通过检测肠易激综合征 (IBS)患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群水平的变化 ,探讨IBS细胞免疫调节的变化及其可能的发病机制。方法 :采取双色直接免疫荧光标记和流式细胞仪检测方法 ,对 30例临床诊断为IBS的患者外周血T细胞亚群进行测定。结果 :30例IBS患者外周血CD3 、CD4 及CD8细胞数分别是 5 7 15± 9 17、36 0 1± 9 12及16 34± 5 2 1,其中CD3 及CD8均较正常对照组显著下降 (P <0 0 0 1) ,并且IBS患者CD4 /CD8比值是 2 6 7± 0 6 9,较正常对照组显著升高 (P <0 0 0 1)。结论 :IBS患者存在T淋巴细胞功能减弱和调节紊乱 ,细胞免疫异常可能参与IBS的发病机制。     

肠易激综合征患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群分析

目的　肠易激综合征 (IBS)的发病机制是否与炎症免疫有关 ,有待于进一步证实。调查IBS患者血中T淋巴细胞计数及其亚群比例 ,旨在探讨IBS发病新机制。方法　对符合罗马Ⅱ诊断标准的 30例IBS患者及 30名健康对照者的外周血淋巴细胞总数用AC 92 0全血细胞分析仪检查分析 ,采用免疫荧光法并用SimulSET自动软件分析方法进行T淋巴细胞亚群检测。结果　患者外周血淋巴细胞的平均值为 (2 .1± 0 .5 )× 10 9/L ,健康对照组为 (2 .2± 0 .6 )× 10 9/L ,两组差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;T淋巴细胞亚群分析 ,IBS患者外周血CD8值明显高于健康对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,CD4值明显低于健康对照组 ,CD4/CD8比值下降 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,CD3 值与健康对照组相比差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　IBS患者外周血淋巴细胞总数正常 ,但CD8升高 ,CD4下降 ,CD4/CD8比值下降 ,CD3 正常 ,提示腹泻型IBS可能与免疫下降有关     

炎性肠病与T细胞亚群比例失衡

本结述了炎性肠病Ｔ细胞免疫机制的异常，提出Ｔ细胞亚群免疫网络调控的失衡可能介导致ＩＢＤ多种病理改变的关键。具体从四个方面阐述了这一论点：两类ＩＢＤ动物模型ＳＣＩＤ小鼠和细胞因子基因敲除小鼠的Ｔ细胞亚群比例失衡；细胞毒性Ｔ细胞的激活与ＩＢＤ的关系；γδ－Ｔ细胞在溃疡性结肠炎免疫病理过程中的作用；人类ＨＩＶ感染后原有的克隆病获得自发缓解的启示。     

炎性肠病与T细胞亚群比例失衡

本文综述了炎性肠病(IBD)T细胞免疫机制的异常,提出T细胞亚群免疫网络调控的失衡可能是导致IBD多种病理改变的关键。具体从四个方面阐述了这一论点:两类IBD动物模型SCID小鼠和细胞因子基因敲除小鼠的T细胞亚群比例失衡;细胞毒性T细胞的激活与IBD的关系;γδ-T细胞在溃疡性结肠炎(UC)免疫病理过程中的作用;人类HIV感染后原有的克隆病获得自发缓解的启示。对IBD的免疫治疗新进展也作了综述,包括(1)免疫抑制剂,如环孢霉素、硫唑嘌呤、6-巯基嘌呤(6-MP)以及FK506;(2)细胞因子阻断剂、细胞因子受体或其受体后传导途径阻断剂以及抗炎的细胞因子;(3)抗-CD4单克隆抗体。     

老年肾综合征出血热外周血T细胞亚群动态观察

我们采用ＯＫＴ单克隆抗体玫瑰花环试验直接法，对３０例老年肾综合征出血热（ＨＦＲＳ）患者的外周血Ｔ细胞亚群进行了动态检测。现将结果报告如下。１资料与方法观察组为我院１９９３年３月至１９９４年３月住院的３０例患者，均符合１９８７年卫生部颁发的ＨＦＲＳ诊断...     

结肠黏膜肥大细胞及外周T淋巴细胞亚群变化在肠易激综合征发病中的作用研究

目的探讨结肠黏膜肥大细胞（MC）密度和外周T淋巴细胞亚群变化与肠易激综合征（IBS）发病的关系。方法在内镜下钳取结肠黏膜活组织标本。采用SP免疫组化染色进行肥大细胞定量分析；用流式细胞仪测定外周T淋巴细胞亚群对肠易激综合征不同亚型及正常对照组进行比较分析。结果IBS患者回肠末端、回盲部、升结肠黏膜固有层MC密度较对照组明显增高（P〈0.01），在同一结肠部位MC密度腹泻型IBS较便秘型IBS患者高（P〈0.01）；外周T淋巴细胞亚群CD4／CD8比值与正常组比较。腹泻型IBS下降（P〈0.01），而便秘型增高（P〈0.01）。结论结肠黏膜MC密度和T淋巴细胞亚群改变与IBS及其亚型密切相关，可能在IBS发病中起重要作用。     

肠易激综合征与肠道内分泌细胞

肠易激综合征(irritable bowel syndrome,IBS)是指腹痛或腹部不适,同时伴有排便习惯异常或大便性状异常的一组功能性肠病。目前一般认为IBS缺乏形态学或实验检查异常。IBS的发病机制尚不清楚,已经提出的有肠道动力异常、内脏感觉异常、脑肠相互作用、炎症、肠道神经免疫内分泌网络调控失常等。肠道内分泌在肠道的运动、感觉、分泌等方面具有重要的作用,其在IBS发病机制中的作用也倍受关注,对两者关系的研究可追溯到20年前。本文就近年来肠道内分泌细胞与IBS可能关系的研究进行概述。     

全身炎症反应综合征患儿T细胞亚群变化及其临床意义

目的 探讨新生儿T细胞亚群在全身炎症反应综合征(SIRS)中的作用。方法 观察组选择非SIRS患儿24例，SIRS患儿27例，对照组选择健康新生儿20例。在病情危重期测定T细胞亚群，并观察病情的演变。结果 SIRS组及非SIRS组CD3、CD4、CD8均低于对照组。SIRS组中，死亡者CD3、CD8低于存活者，CD4/CD8及器官功能不全数均高于存活者。SIRS组病死率高于非SIRS组。结论 由于新生儿T淋巴细胞功能不完善，易受各种不利因素的影响。功能被抑制，细胞凋亡增加，影响细菌、病毒的清除，故导致全身器官功能衰竭。     

获得性免疫缺陷综合征合并肺结核临床特征与T细胞亚群的相关性分析

目的 探讨获得性免疫缺陷综合征合并肺结核(AIDS/PTB)双重感染的类型,影像特征及临床表现为PTB菌阴及菌阳时,患者T细胞亚群计数的差异及意义.方法 回顾性分析93例AIDS/PTB双重感染患者的类型,影像特征及临床表现分别为PTB菌阴及菌阳时,检测其T细胞亚群水平并进行统计学比较.结果 ①CD4+细胞计数与结核病的发病率成反比,当CD4+＜50×106/L时,结核的发病率明显上升(67.74%,63/93).②影像特征不典型的PTB病例CD4+T细胞计数为(47.79±32.17)×106/L,影像特征典型的PTB病例CD4+T细胞计数为(95.3456±64.89)×106/L.二者之间CD4+T细胞计数差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).③不同临床表现患者CD4+T细胞计数差异有统计学意义,PTB菌阴组患者明显高于PTB菌阳组患者(P＜0.02),CD8+T细胞计数比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 AIDS/PTB感染患者临床特征与其T细胞亚群计数相关.     

肝病患者短寿命抑制性T细胞功能及T细胞亚群的研究

近年来认为肝细胞损伤的重要原因之一与机体的免疫应答密切相关,而抑制性细胞(Ts)在调节这种免疫应答中又起着重要作用。我们采用短寿命 Ts 功能测定法,并同时应用 OKT 单克隆抗体对乙型肝炎、肝硬化和肝癌患者进行了 T 细胞亚群数量和功能两方面的研究,以从细胞免疾调控的角度探讨肝病发生发展过程中免疫功能构成诸因素的改变。     

抑肝扶脾清热利湿法对广东地区腹泻型肠易激综合征患者血浆胃肠激素含量的影响

[目的]观察抑肝扶脾清热利湿法对广东地区腹泻型肠易激综合征（diarrheatypeirritablebowelsyn—drome,IBS-D）患者血浆胃动素（MTL）、血管活性肠肽（VIP）、生长抑素（SS）、胆囊收缩素（CCK）的影响,并探讨其作用机制。[方法3160例IBS-D患者随机分为2组,中药组采用易激灵2号方,煎取200ml,早晚分服;西药组口服马来酸曲美布丁片（商品名：舒丽启能）0．1g／次、枯草杆菌二联活菌肠溶胶囊（商品名：美常安）0．5g／次,3次／d;2组疗程均为4周。另选20例健康体检者为正常对照组。[结果]IB孓D患者血浆CCK、MTL水平较正常对照组明显增高（P〈O．01）;中药组和西药组自身疗后比较,血浆CCK、MTL水平明显降低（P〈O．01,P％0．05）;中药组治疗后血浆MTL水平较西药组明显降低（P〈O．05）。[结论]抑肝扶脾清热利湿法很可能是通过影响患者胃肠激素水平,达到治疗目的。     

Increased rectal mucosal enteroendocrine cells, T lymphocytes, and increased gut permeability following acute Campylobacter enteritis and in post-dysenteric irritable bowel syndrome

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Post-dysenteric irritable bowel syndrome (PD-IBS) develops in up to 25% of patients following Campylobacter enteritis. Our aim was to define the pathological basis of this subgroup of IBS. METHODS: Twenty one patients (group 1) underwent serial rectal biopsy and gut permeability testing following acute Campylobacter enteritis as did 10 PD-IBS patients (group 2) and 12 asymptomatic controls. RESULTS: In group 1, enteroendocrine cell (EC) numbers were markedly increased initially and at six and 12 weeks (p<0.001) compared with controls. Gut permeability, as assessed by the lactulose/mannitol ratio, was significantly elevated, initially and at 12 weeks (p<0.005). CD3, CD4, and CD8 lymphocyte counts in the lamina propria and intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) were significantly increased initially compared with controls. At visit 1, EC numbers were positively correlated with CD3 counts (r=0.6, p=0.01). At one year, seven subjects (five with persistent loose stools) had rectal biopsies which showed significantly elevated EC, CD3, and IEL counts. In group 2, EC and IEL counts were significantly increased compared with controls (p<0.001), as was gut permeability (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: Increased EC, T lymphocytes, and gut permeability are acute changes following Campylobacter enteritis which can persist for more than a year and may contribute to PD-IBS.     

Effect of oral nicardipine on anorectal function in normal human volunteers and patients with irritable bowel syndrome

Paired controlled studies were performed in 10 normal volunteers and 32 patients with irritable bowel syndrome to investigate the effect of the calcium channel blocker nicardipine, on the responses of the anorectum to rectal distension and a meal. Nicardipine was administered orally in standard (20 mg) and sustained-release (30 mg twice a day) formulations. In normal volunteers standard nicardipine had no significant effect on the rectal responses to distension but did significantly reduce the postprandial motility index (P <0.05). In the patients with irritable bowel syndrome, standard nicardipine caused a significant reduction in distension-induced rectal motor activity (P <0.05) and increased the rectal sensory thresholds for desire to defecate and discomfort (P <0.02). Slow-release nicardipine caused a significant reduction in distension-induced activity (P <0.05) but did not alter rectal sensory thresholds. Both formulations of nicardipine significantly reduced the postprandial motility index (P <0.05) and symptoms (P <0.05). In conclusion, this study confirms that calcium channel blockers may be useful in the management of irritable bowel syndrome.     

安肠汤治疗对肝郁脾虚证腹泻型肠易激综合征患者症状体征及生活质量的影响

目的:探究安肠汤治疗对肝郁脾虚证腹泻型肠易激综合征(IBS)患者症状体征及生活质量的影响。方法:将2019年6月—2020年6月我院消化科就诊的92例肝郁脾虚证腹泻型IBS患者作为受试对象,随机数字表法分为观察组及对照组,各46例,均接受低FODMAPs饮食结构并口服匹维溴铵片治疗,观察组在其基础上给予安肠汤治疗。比较2组临床疗效,并记录其治疗前、治疗8周后的症状体征积分[中医证候积分、肠易激综合征症状严重程度问卷(IBS-SSS)评分]、炎性因子[白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、C反应蛋白(CRP)]、直肠动力[肛管静息压(ARP)、肛门括约肌最大收缩压(AMCP)、直肠静息压(RRP)、直肠最低敏感量]及生活质量[肠易激综合征患者生活质量量表(IBS-QOL)]变化。结果:治疗8周后,观察组总有效率为91.30%,对照组为73.91%,观察组优于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后观察组中医证候总积分、IBS-SSS评分、IL-1β、TNF-α、CRP水平、IBS-QOL各维度评分明显低于对照组(P<0.05),ARP、直肠最低敏感量明显高于对...     

肠易激综合征的中医虚实证型与血浆脑肠肽水平变化的相关性研究

[目的]观察肝郁气滞型、脾胃虚弱型、肝郁脾虚型肠易激综合征（IBS）患者脑肠肽的变化,探讨IBS的中医虚实证型与血浆脑肠肽水平变化的相关性。[方法]90例IBS患者分为肝气郁滞证组、肝郁脾虚证组、脾胃虚弱证组各30例,正常对照（正常）组10例,应用放射免疫法同批测定血浆血管活性肠肽（VIP）、神经肽Y（NPY）和神经降压素（NT）水平。[结果]3个证型组患者血浆VIP水平显著高于正常组（P〈0.05,〈0.01）;脾胃虚弱、肝郁脾虚证组患者VIP水平显著高于肝气郁滞证组（P〈0.05）,但脾胃虚弱证组和肝郁脾虚证组之间比较差异无统计学意义。3个证型组患者血浆NPY水平显著低于正常组（P〈0.05,〈0.01）,肝郁脾虚证组和肝气郁滞证组NPY水平明显低于脾胃虚弱证组（P〈0.01,〈0.05）,肝郁脾虚证组NPY水平低于肝气郁滞证组,但2组比较差异无统计学意义。3个证型组患者血浆NT水平显著高于正常组（P〈0.01）。3证型间比较差异无统计学意义。[结论]不同中医证型IBS脑肠肽存在不同的变化。IBS的中医病机观与现代医学所倡导的脑-肠轴学说具有相关性。     

Mucosal pathobiology and molecular signature of epithelial barrier dysfunction in the small intestine in irritable bowel syndrome

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most prevalent gastrointestinal disorders in developed countries. Its etiology remains unknown; however, a common finding, regardless of IBS subtype, is the presence of altered intestinal barrier. In fact, signaling and location of cell‐to‐cell adhesion proteins, in connection with increased immune activity, seem abnormal in the intestinal epithelium of IBS patients. Despite that most research is performed on distal segments of the intestine, altered permeability has been reported in both, the small and the large bowel of all IBS subtypes. The small intestine carries out digestion and nutrient absorption and is also the site where the majority of immune responses to luminal antigens takes place. In fact, the upper intestine is more exposed to environmental antigens than the colon and is also a site of symptom generation. Recent studies have revealed small intestinal structural alterations of the epithelial barrier and mucosal immune activation in association with intestinal dysfunction, suggesting the commitment of the intestine as a whole in the pathogenesis of IBS. This review summarizes the most recent findings on mucosal barrier alterations and its relationship to symptoms arising from the small intestine in IBS, including epithelial structural abnormalities, mucosal immune activation, and microbial dysbiosis, further supporting the hypothesis of an organic origin of IBS.     

肠吉安口服液对肝脾不和腹泻型肠易激综合征患者大脑功能区激活面积的影响

[目的]研究中药复方制剂肠吉安治疗前后肝脾不和腹泻型肠易激综合征(IBS)患者大脑痛觉功能区激活面积的变化.[方法]24例肝脾不和腹泻型IBS患者随机分为两组,分别给予肠吉安口服液(14例)和安慰剂(10例).通过直肠注气试验记录两组患者的感觉阈值和感觉评分,并应用功能性磁共振(fMRI)分析直肠扩张30、60、90和120ml时大脑痛觉功能区的激活面积.[结果]肠吉安组治疗后症状评分明显下降(P＜0.05),两组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).直肠注气试验中两组治疗前后组间比较急迫排便阈值、疼痛阈值差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);视觉模拟评分治疗前后组间比较,直肠注气＞30 ml时差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);直肠注气120 ml时,肠吉安组治疗后大脑痛觉功能区右侧脑岛皮质和额前皮质的激活面积显著减少(P＜0.05),而安慰剂组治疗前后未见显著改变(P＞0.05).[结论]肠吉安通过调节大脑痛觉功能区的激活面积发挥对肝脾不和型IBS患者的显著疗效.     

针刺联合痛泻要方治疗肠易激综合征患者临床疗效及对免疫功能的影响

[目的]观察针刺联合痛泻要方治疗肠易激综合征腹泻型（D-IBS）患者的临床疗效。[方法]选择我院治疗的D-IBS患者104例,随机分为2组各52例,对照组给予西医常规治疗,观察组给予针刺联合痛泻要方治疗,观察2组临床疗效。[结果]观察组患者治疗后总有效率优于对照组（P〈0．05）。观察组患者治疗后白细胞介素18（IL-18）、IL-23、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平降低的幅度优于对照组,经统计学分析比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。2组患者治疗期间不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。[结论]采用针刺联合痛泻要方治疗D-IBS患者疗效可靠,可以下调血IL-18、IL-23、TNF-α水平,不良反应少,值得临床推广使用。     

The alteration of enterochromaffin cell,mast cell,and lamina propria T lymphocyte numbers in irritable bowel syndrome and its relationship with psychological factors

Background/Aims: Psychological factors and subtle histopathological changes have been implicated in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The aims of the present study were to investigate whether the numbers of enterochromaffin (EC) cells, mast cells, and lamina propria T lymphocytes are altered in IBS, and evaluate the relationship of such alterations with psychological factors. Methods: Forty‐two consecutive IBS patients (M : F = 17:25, mean age 48 years) fulfilling the Rome III criteria and twelve asymptomatic healthy controls underwent rectal biopsy. Immunostaining was performed for EC cells, mast cells, and lamina propria T lymphocytes. Results: The IBS group included five post‐infectious (PI) IBS and 37 non‐PI IBS patients. Significantly more EC cells, mast cells and lamina propria T lymphocytes were observed in PI IBS patients. Mast cells significantly increased in non‐PI IBS‐D (diarrhea) patients, but not in non‐PI IBS‐C (constipation) and non‐PI IBS‐M (mixed) patients. Enterochromaffin cell numbers were not significantly altered in non‐PI IBS patients. Anxiety and depression scores did not differ between IBS patients with and without abnormal increase in EC cell or mast cell counts, defined as more than the mean of controls + 2 standard deviations. Enterochromaffin cell, mast cell, or lamina propria T lymphocyte numbers were poorly correlated with anxiety and depression scores in the IBS group. Conclusions: Enterochromaffin cells, mast cells, and lamina propria T lymphocytes significantly increase in PI IBS, whereas only mast cells significantly increase in non‐PI IBS‐D. Such histopathological changes do not seem to be directly associated with psychological factors.     

Effect of a tricyclic antidepressant on small intestinal motility in health and diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome

Antidepressants are used in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and may have effects on the gut independent of improving mood. We have investigated the actions of a tricyclic antidepressant on small intestinal motor function in eight healthy volunteers and in six patients with diarrhea-predominant IBS. Fasting ambulatory motility was recorded from six small intestinal sites for 16–18 hr while on no drug (baseline) and while taking imipramine for five days. Orocecal transit time (OCTT) was measured by lactulose hydrogen breath test, during baseline and imipramine administration. Imipramine did not alter migrating motor complex periodicity, but slowed jejunal phase III propagation velocity in controls from 7.5±1.1 to 3.6±0.5 cm/min (P<0.01) and in IBS from 7.8±0.6 to 4.4±0.5 cm/min (P<0.0001). Phase III duration at each site was increased, and total recorded phase III was greater during imipramine than baseline studies. Imipramine increased the amplitude of phase III contractions. There was no effect of imipramine on non-phase-III motility index or discrete clustered contractions. Imipramine prolonged OCTT from 73±6 min to 97±8 min in controls (P<0.05) and from 61±9 min to 89±8 min in IBS (P<0.05). Although OCTT was shorter in this IBS group, no motility differences were seen between controls and IBS. This demonstration that a tricyclic antidepressant can modify small intestinal motor function in health and in IBS supports the view that these drugs may have therapeutic actions in IBS unrelated to mood improvement.This work was supported by the Priory Hospitals Group.