经电视胸腔镜治疗自发性气胸

我院自１９９５年２月￣１９９６年１０月经电视胸腔镜（ＶＡＴＳ）治疗自发性气胸２４例，其中复发性气胸２０例，首次发生气胸４例，手术时间２９￣１３１分钟，平均６１．３分钟，无并发症，无手术死亡，随访１￣２０个月，无复发。取得良好的近期疗效，本文并对自发性气胸ＶＡＴＳ手术适应症及术中有关操作问题进行了讨论。     

电视胸腔镜治疗自发性气胸50例

电视胸腔镜治疗自发性气胸５０例胡旭东彭荣宗王惠华李旭自１９９３年６月～１９９６年６月，我们用电视胸腔镜外科（ｖｉｄｅｏ－ａｓｉｓｔｅｄｔｈｏｒａｃｏｓｃｏｐｉｃｓｕｒｇｅｒｙ，ＶＡＴＳ）治疗了５０例自发性气胸，效果满意。１临床资料１．１一般资料本组共...     

腋下小切口与电视胸腔镜手术治疗自发性气胸的比较

目的比较腋下小切口与电视胸腔镜手术治疗自发性气胸的疗效。方法1999年4月～2004年4月对自发性气胸200例分别采用腋下小切口(腋下小切口组)和电视胸腔镜手术(胸腔镜组)。比较2组手术时间、术中出血量、术后胸管留置时间、术后住院时间及手术费用。结果腋下小切口组与胸腔镜组手术时间分别为(64.0±5.3)min、(61.1±6.0)min,有统计学差异(t=3.322,P=0.001);术中出血量分别为(45.2±5.6)ml、(38.5±6.2)ml,有统计学差异(t=7.381,P=0.000);术后胸管留置时间分别为(2.2±0.8)d、(2.0±0.6)d,有统计学差异(t=7.895,P=0.000);术后住院时间分别为(4.6±0.8)d、(4.1±0.7)d,有统计学差异(t=4.513,P=0.000);手术费用分别为(1520±342)元、(4293±572)元,有统计学差异(t=-36.076,P=0.000)。2组术后胸片复查肺复张良好,无手术并发症。胸腔镜组1例气胸复发,腋下小切口组无复发,2组复发率无统计学差异(χ2=0.000,P=1.000)。结论腋下小切口与电视胸腔镜在治疗自发性气胸时疗效相当。腋下小切口治疗自发性气胸疗效确切,费用较低;电视胸腔镜治疗自发性气胸创伤小。     

腋下小切口电视胸腔镜手术治疗自发性气胸82例

我院从2002年3月至2005年2月采用腋下小切口结合电视胸腔镜对82例自发性气胸患者施行手术治疗。取得了良好的效果，现对治疗经验总结如下。     

电视胸腔镜手术治疗自发性气胸

电视胸腔镜手术治疗自发性气胸梁正李小伟＊刘丹丹沈祯云马元华＊张公文＊作者单位：１０００８３北京医科大学附属第三医院胸心外科＊进修医师１９９４年３月至１９９７年３月我们共行电视胸腔镜手术（ＶＡＴＳ）８０例，其中自发性气胸３５例，现将后者总结报告如下：临...     

电视胸腔镜手术治疗自发性气胸150例

目的总结电视胸腔镜手术(video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, VATS)治疗自发性气胸的经验. 方法 1998年1月～2002年8月对150例自发性气胸行VATS, 3个2 cm常规辅助切口(1个置入镜头,另2个为操作孔),手术包括切割缝合器切除肺大疱及胸膜固定术. 结果 20例(13.3%)中转开胸行肺大疱切除.3例气胸术后漏气时间>3 d.术后住院2～8 d,平均3 d.150例随访3～90个月,平均60个月,3例(2.0%)术后1年术侧肺复发气胸. 结论 VATS是自发性气胸首选的治疗方法.     

胸腔镜辅助腋下小切口手术治疗自发性气胸体会

目的探讨电视胸腔镜(VATS)辅助腋下小切口手术治疗自发性气胸、肺大疱的方法和临床效果。方法2001年至2007年我科在电视胸腔镜配合下经腋下小切口手术治疗自发性气胸96例,回顾性分析本组病例的临床资料,总结手术的适应证、操作要点和疗效,并评价该术式的可行性。结果96例无一例死亡,全部治愈出院,随访5个月~6年,术侧无气胸复发。结论电视胸腔镜辅助腋下小切口术式创伤小,特殊设备要求低,技术容易掌握,治疗自发性气胸、肺大疱的效果好,是适于推广的胸外科微创手术方法。     

电视胸腔镜切除肺大疱治疗自发性气胸

１９９３年１２月～１９９５年６月我院经ＶＡＴＳ治疗自发性气胸３２例。其中复发性气胸２４例，首次发生气胸７例，双侧同时发生气胸１例。手术时间２２～１２６ｍｉｎ，平均５９．２ｍｉｎ，术后平均住院时间９．５６天，并发症３例，无手术死亡。随访１～１８个月，１例术后４个月出现患侧限局性气胸。本文还就自发性气胸ＶＡＴＳ手术适应证、操作中有关问题进行了讨论     

电视胸腔镜辅助小切口手术治疗自发性气胸

我院2002年8月至2010年8月进行电视胸腔镜（VATS）辅助小切口手术治疗自发性气胸共103例,疗效满意,现回顾性分析其临床资料,总结其治疗经验。     

电视胸腔镜治疗自发性气胸61例

目的探讨电视胸腔镜手术(video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery,VATS)治疗自发性气胸的效果。方法2003年1月~2006年6月,对61例自发性气胸行VATS,用切割缝合器(Endo-GIA)切除肺大疱、肺大疱缝扎及胸膜固定术。结果58例行单侧VATS,其中1例加腋下小切口辅助;3例行同期双侧VATS。无中转开胸及术后严重并发症,术中56例发现肺大疱。58例单侧手术时间35~55min,平均46min,3例双侧手术时间分别为85、175、190min;术中出血量单侧30~45ml,平均40ml,双侧分别为55、60、200ml;术后胸腔引流量单侧230~500ml,平均390ml,双侧分别为350、1030、1200ml;术后胸腔引流管留置时间,单侧3~6d,平均4d,双侧分别为3、4、5d。61例随访4~24个月,平均8个月。1例术后2个月术侧复发,经闭式引流治愈。余60例无复发。结论VATS治疗自发性气胸疗效可靠,快捷安全。     

Modified needlescopic video-assisted thoracic surgery for primary spontaneous pneumothorax

Background The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of modified needlescopic video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) for treating primary spontaneous pneumothorax. The efficacy between apical pleurectomy and pleural abrasion through this technique was also compared. Methods Between 2001 and 2003, 65 patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax underwent modified needlescopic VATS procedures. The blebs were resected with endoscopic linear staplers. Pleurodesis was achieved by apical pleurectomy before September 2002 (n = 30) and by pleural abrasion for the remainder of the study period (n = 35). Results Mean operation time was 103 min in the pleurectomy group and 78 min in the abrasion group (p = 0.001). Complications developed in four patients (6.2%): prolonged air leaks in three patients and wound infection in one patient. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 3.8 ± 1.8 days. The two groups had comparable doses of requested analgesics, complication rates, postoperative chest tube and hospital stays, and postoperative pulmonary function test. Ipsilateral recurrence did not occur in any of the pleurectomy group patients after a mean follow-up of 31 months, but it occurred in three patients (8.6%) in the abrasion group after a mean follow-up of 19 months. Conclusions Modified needlescopic VATS provides a feasible and safe procedure for treating primary spontaneous pneumothorax. In terms of efficacy, apical pleurectomy is more effective in preventing ipsilateral recurrence than pleural abrasion.     

电视胸腔镜辅助小切口手术的临床应用

目的探讨电视胸腔镜辅助小切口手术(video-assisted thoracoscopy plus minithoracotomy, VATM)在胸部疾病中的应用价值. 方法患侧腋中线第7肋间做1.5 cm长切口置胸腔镜,探查胸内病变的部位.接近病变处做长5～8 cm切口,经肋间或肋床进胸,使用普通手术器械与胸腔镜手术器械,在镜下和直视下进行探查、分离、止血、缝合等操作,实施VATM 43例. 结果手术时间40～150 min,平均67 min.小切口长5～8 cm,平均6 cm.胸管引流时间2～5 d.术后无并发症.术后住院5～8 d,平均6 d.18例自发性气胸及胸腔积液者随访3～22个月,无复发.3例肺癌行肺叶切除或楔形切除,随访5～20个月,无复发、远处转移及切口种植.6例晚期肺癌行单纯活检,术后行化疗及伽玛刀治疗,存活时间5～21个月. 结论 VATM应用范围广,创伤小,安全,使用常规手术器械,有很好的应用前景.     

Herniation of the lung following video-assisted minithoracotomy

Intercostal pulmonary hernia is a rare finding in surgical practice. The hernia presents as an elastic expansion on the outer surface of the chest wall that is usually easily reducible. The protrusion increases in size during expiration and decreases, or disappears, during inspiration. Usually there are no other symptoms. We describe a man who developed a thoracic herniation of the lung 2 1/2 months after a video-assisted minithoracotomy. A concise review of the literature is included.     

One hundred consecutive cases of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for primary spontaneous pneumothorax

We reviewed our experience on video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) from our first 100 cases of primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) performed at our institution from September 1992 to January 1994. Apical bullae were identified in 87% of cases. Mechanical pleurodesis with Marlex mesh was performed on all patients. Excision with endoscopic staple cutter was performed in 69 cases; an endoloop was used in five cases; ablation with an argon beam coagulator (ABC) was done in six cases; excision with endoscopic suturing occurred in seven cases; and mechanical pleurodesis alone was used in 13 cases. The overall median postoperative chest tube duration was 2 days (range 1–25 days) and hospital stay 4 days (range 1–30 days). Complications occurred in 8 cases (8%): 1 wound infection; 1 chest wall bleeding; and 6 persistent air leaks which lasted for more than 10 days (one of which eventually required an axillary thoracotomy for control). Procedure failure with recurrence occurred in three cases (3%) at a mean follow-up of 17 months (range 8–24 months). The ABC group alone was responsible for one recurrence and two persistent leaks. We conclude that with the VATS approach in the treatment of PSP, staple resection of apical bullae is quick and most reliable but costly. Endoloop and hand suturing are applicable to selected patients with small and localized bullae and should be further studied, while our limited experience does not favor ABC as the primary treatment modality.     

58例电视胸腔镜辅助小切口胸外科手术体会

目的总结分析58例电视胸腔镜辅助小切口外科手术(VAMT)的疗效。方法回顾性分析2000年6月至2009年2月期间同一手术小组完成的58例行电视胸腔镜辅助小切口胸外科手术的临床资料。手术方式包括单纯肺大疱切除12例,纵隔肿瘤切除3例,肺叶切除及楔形切除22例,胸膜、肺疾病活检15例,胸膜、肺疾病活检同时行恶性胸腔积液胸膜腔闭锁术6例。结果58例VAMT手术顺利。肺楔形切除术后持续漏气造成胸管拔除延迟1例,术后并发症发生率1.7%。结论VAMT和VATS手术一样,比传统胸外科手术具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少等优点,而VAMT手术可在胸腔镜辅助下应用常规器材操作,比VATS手术耗材少、费用低。     

单孔胸腔镜下应用切割缝合器与缝扎术治疗自发性气胸效果比较

目的 探讨电视单孔胸腔镜手术(VATS)下应用切割缝合器与缝扎术治疗自发性气胸的临床效果.方法 选择我院采用VATS治疗的92例原发性自发性气胸患者,将其随机分为两组,切缝组48例采用腔镜下直线切割缝合器切除肺大疱,缝扎组44例采用丝线缝扎、结扎肺大疱.比较两种手术方式的临床疗效.结果 两组患者均未发生手术死亡、中转开胸及术后严重并发症.术后共复发气胸5例.两组患者的术后胸管留置时间[切缝组(2.0±0.4)d,缝扎组(2.0±0.5)d]、术后切口愈合(切缝组3/48例,缝扎组7/44例)、住院时间[切缝组(5.2±1.9)d,缝扎组(5.8±2.0)d]比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);在术中出血量[切缝组(61±6) ml,缝扎组(90±9) ml]、手术时间[切缝组(43±7)min,缝扎组(50±5) min],两组差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 两种手术方式安全有效,复发率低.缝扎法适用于单发、基底部不宽的肺大疱患者,手术费用低,适合在基层医院推广;腔镜下切割缝合器法更适用于成簇的肺大疱或多发性肺大疱的患者,而且手术时间短,术中出血少,操作简单.     

Limited axillary thoracotomy vs video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for spontaneous pneumothorax

Background: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) has been reported to have a higher pneumothorax recurrence rate than limited axillary thoracotomy (LAT). We investigated the cause of pneumothorax recurrence after VATS by comparing surgical results for VATS and LAT. Methods: Ninety-five patients with spontaneous pneumothorax underwent resection of pulmonary bullae by VATS (n= 51) or LAT (n= 44). Operating duration, bleeding during surgery, number of resected bullae, duration of postoperative chest tube drainage, postoperative hospital stay, postoperative complication, and pneumothorax recurrence were analyzed to compare VATS and LAT in a retrospective study. Results: The duration of surgery, postoperative chest tube drainage, and postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter in VATS than in LAT cases (p < 0.0005 and p < 0.005). Bleeding during surgery was significantly less in VATS than in LAT cases (p < 0.005). Numbers of resected bullae were significantly lower in VATS (2.7 ± 2.1) than in LAT cases (3.9 ± 2.7) (p < 0.05). Postoperative pneumothorax recurrence was more frequent in VATS (13.7%) than in LAT cases (6.8%), but there was no significant difference. Conclusions: VATS has many advantages over LAT in treating spontaneous pneumothorax, although the pneumothorax recurrence rate in VATS cases was double that in LAT cases. The lower number of resected bullae in VATS than in LAT cases suggests that overlooking bullae in operation could be responsible for the high recurrence rate in VATS cases. We recommend additional pleurodesis in VATS for spontaneous pneumothorax to prevent postoperative pneumothorax recurrence. Received: 13 August 1997/Accepted: 15 December 1997     

Incidence of chest wall paresthesia after video-assisted thoracic surgery for primary spontaneous pneumothorax

Objective: Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) is an established treatment for recurrent or complicated primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP). However, a proportion of patients still complains of chronic pain or discomfort after VATS pleurodesis. We aimed to investigate if paresthesia is a distinct component of the post-operative discomfort in patients receiving VATS for PSP. Methods: Telephone interviews were conducted with 52 patients who had received VATS pleurodesis for PSP in our institute during a defined 24 month period. A standardized questionnaire was used to identify paresthetic discomforts which the patients themselves could distinguish from their wound pain. Responses were obtained from 51 patients (42 male, 9 female) with a mean age of 24.1 years (range 14–63 years), giving a response rate of 98.0%. Results: With a median observation time of 19 months (range 2–24 months), 27 patients (52.9%) reported experiencing paresthesia as a post-operative complication distinct from their wound pain. The most commonly described characteristics of the paresthesia were ‘pins and needles’ (37.0%), ‘numbness’ (25.9%) or a sensation of abnormal ‘swelling’ in the chest wall (11.1%). Although only two of the affected patients (7.4%) described the paresthesia as ‘severe’, consequent functional disturbances in daily life were noted by seven patients (25.9%), and 11 patients (40.7%) actively sought medical or alternative, holistic therapies to relieve the paresthesia. Eight (21.0%) of the 38 patients followed-up for over 12 months after surgery still experienced the paresthesia. Conclusions: Although it should not detract from the proven advantages of VATS, paresthesia in the chest wall represents a distinct but previously overlooked post-VATS complication. It is a potential source of significant post-operative morbidity, and may run a chronic course in some patients. Further study is warranted to elucidate its mechanisms and optimum management.