经皮椎体成形术对相邻和非相邻椎体新发骨折发生率的影响及危险因素分析

背景:目前还不清楚椎体再发骨折风险增加是经皮椎体成形术(PVP)引起,还是仅是骨质疏松症自然发展的结果。目的:分析PVP和保守治疗后相邻和非相邻椎体再发骨折的发生率和危险因素。方法:选取2013年12月至2017年12月我院收治的290例PVP治疗患者和277例保守治疗患者,分为PVP组和保守组。定期进行电话随访,随访时间2~6年,平均(4.1±1.1)年。根据有无新发骨折分为新发组和无新发组。根据再发骨折与原始节段的位置,分为邻椎组和远椎组。收集年龄、性别、体重指数、VAS评分、椎体前缘高度、初始骨折节段、腰椎骨矿物质密度(BMD)、新发骨折节段、椎体压缩率和后凸角,并进行统计学比较。结果:PVP组术后290例患者中36例患者发生40个新发骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折(OVCFs),保守组治疗后277例患者中31例患者发生34个新发OVCFs。PVP组中新发骨折的发生率略高于保守组,但差异无统计学意义(P=0.51)。新发组的BMD低于无新发组(P<0.01)。邻椎组发病率较远椎组低,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与保守组比较,PVP组末次随访VAS评分更低,椎体前缘高度、椎体压缩率、后凸角改善更显著(P<0.001)。末次随访PVP组椎体压缩率和后凸角较术前显著改善(P<0.001)。结论:与保守治疗相比,PVP椎体强化不仅可迅速缓解疼痛,还可改善椎体压缩和后凸角,恢复椎体部分高度,术后并未增加OVCFs的发生率,尤其与治疗椎体相邻的OVCFs。OVCFs最重要的危险因素是骨质疏松症。     

椎体成形术治疗骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折后新发椎体骨折风险的列线图模型的建立

目的 分析影响椎体成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折(osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture, OVCF)后出现新发椎体骨折的相关危险因素,并以此建立预测患者术后出现新发椎体骨折的列线图模型。方法 选取2019年1月至2020年12月间在本医院进行椎体成形术治疗的OVCF患者187例,术后随访1年,根据患者术后是否出现新发椎体骨折分为新发组51例,无新发组136例。应用Logistic回归分析影响患者术后出现新发椎体骨折的相关危险因素。采用R3.6.3软件包绘制预测患者术后出现新发椎体骨折的列线图模型;用校准曲线、ROC曲线判断预测效果。结果 单因素分析结果显示,体重指数(bady mass index, BMI)、骨密度、骨水泥渗漏、长期使用糖皮质激素药物、术后是否规律治疗骨质疏松、术后是否规律锻炼与患者术后出现新发椎体骨折有关(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,骨密度低(OR=2.861)、长期使用糖皮质激素药物(OR=4.371)是出现新发椎体骨折的独立危险因素(P<0.05);而术后规律治疗骨质疏松(OR=...     

急性骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折保守治疗失败的预测模型

目的 探讨急性骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折(OVCFs)患者保守治疗失败的危险因素，并构建其Nomogram预测模型。方法 前瞻性研究2018年1月～2022年1月于本院就诊的207例急性OVSFs患者，根据保守治疗效果分为保守失败组和保守成功组。采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析急性OVCFs患者保守治疗失败的危险因素，并构建Nomogram预测模型；采用内部数据集验证及决策曲线评估Nomogram模型的预测性能及临床净收益。结果 OVCFs患者保守治疗失败率39.1%。两组患者在年龄、BMI、陈旧性椎体骨折及椎体内裂比例、椎体前缘压缩率、Cobb角、VAS及MNA-SF(营养不良)比例、BMD(T值)方面的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。年龄、BMD(T值)、BMI、椎体前缘压缩率、Cobb角、VAS的AUC为0.779、0.758、0.834、0.734、0.649、0.659,最佳截断值为≥74岁、<-2.8分、≥24.8 kg/m²、≥25.65%、≥11.68°、≥6.75分。年龄、BMD(T值)、BMI、椎体前缘压缩率及MNA-SF是...     

PVP术后相邻椎体新发骨折的危险因素分析

目的探讨经皮椎体成形术(PVP)治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折术后相邻椎体新发骨折的危险因素。方法纳入自2011-08—2014-08诊治的110例骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折,按照首次PVP术后是否再次发生相邻椎体骨折将患者分为2组,其中观察组25例(术后出现相邻椎体新发骨折),对照组85例。确定年龄、体重指数、骨密度、骨水泥注入量、术后椎体高度矫正百分比、有无骨水泥椎间盘内渗漏、术前有无椎体内裂隙征、术后椎体前缘压缩角度矫正度数、后凸角度矫正度数这9个指标为PVP术后相邻椎体再骨折的相关因素。结果 110例获得随访2~3年,平均2.5年。110例中术后相邻椎体新发骨折25例,发生率为22.7%。单因素分析结果显示,观察组与对照组骨密度、骨水泥椎间盘内渗漏、术前椎体内裂隙征方面差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。进一步多因素Logistic回归分析显示低骨密度是PVP术后相邻椎体新发骨折的独立危险因素。结论 PVP术后相邻椎体新发骨折的危险因素是骨质疏松,因此PVP术后应该正规抗骨质疏松治疗,防止继发骨折的出现。     

经皮椎体强化术后新发椎体压缩骨折的发生率及相关危险因素分析

目的:探讨经皮椎体强化术后新发椎体压缩骨折的发生率及其相关因素。方法:2007年7月1日～2009年6月30日因骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折行椎体强化术治疗150例患者。其中128例患者未出现新发骨折,为A组;另外22例患者出现新发骨折,为B组。观察指标包括患者年龄、性别、骨密度、术前已存在的骨折椎体个数、椎体强化术治疗的椎体个数、已有骨折的部位、骨折椎体的严重程度、平均骨水泥注入量、椎体强化术的方式(PVP或PKP)、骨水泥渗漏、新发骨折的部位、新发骨折间期。结果:全部150例患者经至少12个月的随访,出现新发骨折的患者其术前存在的平均骨折椎体个数及平均强化的椎体个数较多(P<0.05)。而年龄、性别、骨密度、骨折椎体的严重程度、骨水泥注入量、骨水泥渗漏在A组和B组患者间差异无显著性(P>0.05)。行PVP治疗的患者新发骨折的发生率高于行PKP治疗的患者(P<0.05)。结论:术前存在的椎体骨折个数及平均强化椎体个数是术后新发骨折的危险因素。与PVP相比,PKP术后新发骨折的发生率较低。     

经皮椎体成形术后非手术椎体骨折的危险因素分析

目的:探讨骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折(osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures,OVCFs)患者经皮椎体成形术(percutaneous vertebroplasty,PVP)后非手术椎体骨折的危险因素.方法:对2009年8月至2011年9月126例行单节段PVP治疗的OVCFs患者进行回顾性分析,术后平均随访13.6个月.根据是否发生非手术椎体骨折分为骨折组和未骨折组,其中骨折组32例,男14例,女18例,年龄54～82岁,平均(67.63±7.28)岁;未骨折组94例,男40例,女54例,年龄55～76岁,平均(66.26±6.79)岁再将骨折组按部位分为邻近椎体骨折组20例和非邻近椎体骨折组12例.记录患者年龄、性别、骨密度值(bone mineral density,BMD)、骨水泥注入量、椎体高度恢复率及矢状位后凸纠正度数,分析引起非手术椎体骨折的相关危险因素.结果:骨折组与未骨折组比较,年龄、性别、BMD值、骨水泥注入量及矢状位后凸纠正角度差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),伤椎高度恢复率差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).邻近椎体骨折组与未骨折组比较,BMD值、矢状位后凸纠正角度差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),骨水泥注入量及伤椎高度恢复率差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).非邻近椎体骨折组与未骨折组比较,BMD值、骨水泥注入量、伤椎高度恢复率及矢状位后凸纠正角度差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:椎体高度的恢复增加可能预示着OVCFs患者PVP术后非手术椎体再发骨折的风险增大,而邻近椎体骨折可能跟骨水泥注入量及椎体高度恢复均有关.     

经皮椎体成形术后非手术椎体骨折的相关危险因素

【摘要】 目的：探讨骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折（OVCFs）经皮椎体成形术（PVP）后非手术椎体骨折的相关危险因素。方法：对2010年3月～2013年3月收治的76例因OVCFs行PVP患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,包括患者的一般情况、个人史及既往病史、腰椎骨密度、术中骨水泥注入量、病椎压缩程度、骨折椎体个数及节段、骨水泥椎间盘渗漏情况、术后抗骨质疏松治疗情况;收集患者术后第1、3、6、12、18个月来院复诊时测定的骨代谢相关生化指标数据,包括：血钙、磷、降钙素、Ⅰ型胶原氨基端前肽、甲状旁腺激素、25-羟维生素D[25-（OH）D]。将上述指标作为可能相关因素纳入单因素研究,并通过多因素Logistic回归分析得出术后非手术椎体骨折的相关危险因素。结果：76例原发性OVCFs患者共89节椎体骨折,术后共17例患者19个椎体出现压缩性骨折,单因素分析显示术中骨水泥注入量、骨水泥椎间盘渗漏、术后有无抗骨质疏松治疗、血25-（OH）D水平与术后非手术椎体骨折存在显著相关性（P<0．05）,而与患者性别、年龄、体重指数、骨密度值、病椎压缩程度、手术入路等无显著相关性（P>0．05）。多因素分析结果显示骨水泥椎间盘渗漏、术后未进行抗骨质疏松治疗、25-（OH）D水平较低是PVP术后非手术椎体骨折的危险因素（P<0．05）。结论：OCVFs患者PVP术后发生非手术椎体骨折与骨水泥渗漏至椎间盘、术后未抗骨质疏松治疗及低25-（OH）D水平有关。     

高原地区椎体成形术后椎体新发骨折的影响因素

[目的]探讨影响高原地区骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折椎体成形术后非手术椎体新发骨折的相关因素。[方法]回顾分析2015年12月～2018年3月在本院行经皮椎体成形术的104例患者。依据术后是否发生骨折,将患者分为新发骨折组和无骨折组。比较两组间可能的新发骨折相关的因素:包括年龄、性别、体重指数、骨密度、初次强化椎体个数、骨折压缩程度、椎体后凸角度、骨水泥灌注量、骨水泥渗漏情况、术后抗骨质疏松时间、每天日照时间、是否长期使用糖皮质激素、是否合并糖尿病及初次手术节段;并将各相关因素引入逻辑回归,分析术后非手术椎体新发骨折的危险因素。[结果]平均随访(12.63±9.61)个月,共有23例患者发生非手术椎体新发骨折,新发骨折的发生率为22.11%,新发骨折距初次手术的时间1～30个月,平均(11.5±7.96)个月。分析显示患者骨密度、初次强化椎体个数、术后抗骨质疏松时间、每天日照时间是影响新发骨折的相关因素。[结论]高原地区患者骨质疏松程度重,初次强化椎体个数多是导致术后非手术椎体新发骨折的危险因素,增加术后抗骨质疏松时间和每天日照时间可以预防新发骨折的发生。     

超高龄骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩骨折经皮椎体成形术术后邻椎再骨折的危险因素分析

目的 ：分析超高龄骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折（osteoporosis vertebral compression fractures,OVCFs）经皮椎体成形术（percutaneous vertebroplasty,PVP）术后邻近椎体再骨折的危险因素。方法：对2012年6月至2019年6月采用PVP治疗的40例超高龄（年龄≥90岁）OVCFs患者进行回顾性分析,其中男7例,女33例;年龄90～101(94.6±1.6)岁。根据是否发生邻近椎体再骨折进行分组,其中20例患者PVP术后发生再骨折（再骨折组）,20例术后没有发生邻近椎体再骨折（对照组）。统计两组患者的一般资料、影像学数据、骨盆参数,项目包括年龄,性别,体质量指数（body mass index,BMI）,骨折部位,骨密度（bone mineral density,BMD）T值,骨折至手术时间,伤椎压缩程度,伤椎前缘恢复程度,骨水泥注入量,骨水泥是否渗漏,骨盆指数（pelvic index,PI）,骨盆倾斜角（pelvic tilt angle,PT）,骶骨角（sacral angle,SS）等。将可能与再骨折相关的因素纳入...     

OVCFs患者经椎体成形术治疗后邻近椎体骨折相关因素分析

目的 观察骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折(osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures, OVCFs)患者在行经皮椎体成形术(percutaneous vertebroplasty, PVP)治疗后邻近椎体骨折的发生情况，并分析相关风险因素。方法 回顾性分析2019年2月～2022年1月我院收治的315例因胸腰椎OVCFs行PVP治疗的患者临床资料。男114例，女201例；年龄65～89岁，平均(76.97±4.92)岁；单椎体骨折216例，双椎体骨折85例，三椎体骨折14例。对患者行PVP治疗，术后追踪1年，观察患者术后1年内邻近椎体骨折情况，将发生邻近椎体骨折的患者纳入观察组，未骨折者纳入对照组。对两组患者手术时骨水泥用量、骨水泥渗漏情况、术后Cobb角、是否行抗骨质疏松治疗等指标进行单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析，探讨邻近椎体发生骨折的风险因素。结果 经过1年的追踪随访，315例患者中有39例患者出现邻近椎体骨折，发生率为12.4%。其中术后3个月内骨折者23例，术后4～6个月骨折者11例，术后7～12个月骨折者5例，差异有统计学意义...     

Establishment and validation of a nomogram and web calculator for the risk of new vertebral compression fractures and cement leakage after percutaneous vertebroplasty in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures

Purpose

The aim of this work was to investigate the risk factors for cement leakage and new-onset OVCF after Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and to develop and validate a clinical prediction model (Nomogram).

Methods

Patients with Osteoporotic VCF (OVCF) treated with PVP at Liuzhou People’s Hospital from June 2016 to June 2018 were reviewed and met the inclusion criteria. Relevant data affecting bone cement leakage and new onset of OVCF were collected. Predictors were screened using univariate and multi-factor logistic analysis to construct Nomogram and web calculators. The consistency of the prediction models was assessed using calibration plots, and their predictive power was assessed by tenfold cross-validation. Clinical value was assessed using Decision curve analysis (DCA) and clinical impact plots.

Results

Higher BMI was associated with lower bone mineral density (BMD). Higher BMI, lower BMD, multiple vertebral fractures, no previous anti-osteoporosis treatment, and steroid use were independent risk factors for new vertebral fractures. Cement injection volume, time to surgery, and multiple vertebral fractures were risk factors for cement leakage after PVP. The development and validation of the Nomogram also demonstrated the predictive ability and clinical value of the model.

Conclusions

The established Nomogram and web calculator (https://dr-lee.shinyapps.io/RefractureApp/) (https://dr-lee.shinyapps.io/LeakageApp/) can effectively predict the occurrence of cement leakage and new OVCF after PVP.

     

经皮椎体成形术后椎体再发骨折的危险因素分析

目的探讨经皮椎体成形（PercutaneousVertebroplasty,PVP）术后椎体再发骨折的发生机制及危险因素。方法回顾分析我院2006—03—2011-01月行经皮椎体成形术患者96例（137个椎体）,动态监测其术后状态及正常椎体再发骨折情况,对患者年龄,性别,骨密度,初始骨折的节段,骨水泥注入量,骨水泥椎间隙渗漏,局部矢状面后凸成角,椎体高度恢复、抗骨质疏松治疗进行统计学分析。结果术后21例病人32个椎体新发骨折,其中18个椎体为邻近椎体,低骨密度、椎体高度过度．恢复、骨水泥渗漏有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论低骨密度、椎体高度过度恢复、骨水泥椎间隙渗漏是PVP术后新发椎体骨折的独立危险因素。术后坚持抗骨质疏松药物治疗能够降低新发椎体骨折的发生。     

单侧椎弓根入路小剂量骨水泥注射治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的临床研究

目的 探讨单侧椎弓根入路小剂量骨水泥注射椎体成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的特点和临床疗效。方法 回顾分析2012-06-2013-11我院治疗的192个骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者（共242个椎体）的临床资料,术中均采用单侧椎弓根入路小剂量骨水泥（1.25 ml-5 ml）注射椎体成形术,术中观察穿刺针针尖达到椎体中线的比率、手术时间、出血量、骨水泥灌注量、骨水泥向椎体外渗漏率,比较术前、术后1天及治疗后1周、1个月、6个月、12个月的VAS评分、椎体高度、功能障碍指数（ODI）的改善率。结果 192例（242个椎体）均经单侧椎弓根入路完成PVP操作,骨水泥在椎体内分布均匀对称,无穿刺并发症。术前与术后VAS评分、椎体高度及功能障碍指数差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,疼痛和功能均得到了明显改善。结论 单侧椎弓根入路小剂量骨水泥注射椎体成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折是一种安全、可行和有效的治疗方案,可以临床推广。     

椎体后凸成形术后椎体再骨折相关因素分析研究

背景：椎体后凸成形术（percutaneous kyphoplasty,PKP）治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折取得了令人鼓舞的临床效果,但是术后椎体发生再骨折时有报道,越来越引起l临床医生的重视。目的：探讨PKP治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折术后出现椎体再骨折的相关危险因素。方法：回顾性分析209例因骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折而接受PKP手术治疗患者的相关临床资料,其中男43例,女166例,年龄51～88岁,平均73．0岁。所有患者术后随访时间均为1年以上,根据术后是否出现椎体再骨折分为再骨折组（42例）和对照组（167例）,比较两组患者的相关临床资料,分析椎体再骨折的可能危险因素。结果：两组患者在年龄、性别、身高、体重、平均单椎体骨水泥注入量、术后椎体高度压缩率等方面无统计学差异（P〉0．05）,但是两组患者的骨水泥椎间盘渗漏率和术前骨密度存在统计学差异（P〈O．05）。结论：骨水泥椎间盘渗漏和骨质疏松严重程度可能是骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折PKP术后椎体再骨折的危险因素。     

Recompression in new levels after percutaneous vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty compared with conservative treatment

Study design

A prospective clinical study assessing new vertebral compression fracture after previous treatment.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence and associated risk factors of new symptomatic osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) in patients treated by percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and kyphoplasty (PKP) versus conservative treatment, and to elucidate our findings.

Summary of background data

There are a lot of reports concerning the feasibility and efficacy of this minimally invasive procedure compared with conservative treatment, especially in pain soothing. However, it is still unclear whether the risk of subsequent fracture has increased among operative treatment patients in the long term.

Methods

From November 2005 to July 2009, 290 consecutive patients with 363 OVCFs were randomly selected for PVP/PKP or conservative treatment and evaluated with a mean follow-up of 49.4 months (36–80 months). Some parameters were characterized and statistically compared in this study. Telephone questionnaires, clinical reexamine, and plain radiographs were performed in the follow-up.

Results

Thirty-one of 290 (10.7 %) patients had experienced 42 newly developed symptomatic secondary OVCFs. Among 169 operation (53.3 % vertebroplasty, 46.7 % kyphoplasty) and 121 comparison patients, there is no significant statistical difference of new OVCFs incidence between the two groups calculated by patient proportion. However, in separate, the rate of secondary adjacent fractures calculated by vertebral refracture number is significantly higher than non-adjacent levels in PVP/PKP group but no significant statistical difference was observed in conservative group. The time interval of recompression after operative procedure was much shorter than that for comparison group (9.7 ± 17.8 versus 22.4 ± 7.99 months, p = 0.017). In addition, older age, gender, fracture times, location of original fracture segment, the amount of cement, cement leakage, operation modality (PVP or PKP),and initial number of OVCFs were documented, but these were not the influencing factors in this study (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

Patients who had experienced PVP/PKP were not associated with an increased risk of recompression in new levels. However, recompression in new levels of PVP/PKP group occurred much sooner than that of conservative group in the follow-up period. The incidence of new vertebral fractures observed at adjacent levels was substantially higher but no sooner than at distant levels in PVP/PKP group. No major risk factors involving new OVCFs have been found in this study and  augmentation for sandwich situation is not necessary.     

单侧椎弓根外侧入路椎体成形术治疗骨质疏松性压缩骨折的临床研究

目的探讨单侧经椎弓根外侧入路在椎体成形术(percutaneous vertebroplasty,PVP)治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折(osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures,OVCFs)的特点与疗效。方法回顾性分析2010年1月～2012年1月我院收治的60例OVCFs患者(共85个椎体)的临床资料,均采用单侧椎弓根外侧入路行PVP术。受伤至手术时间平均5.7(3～31)d。术中观察穿刺针针尖达到椎体中线的比率、手术时间、出血量、骨水泥灌注量、骨水泥向椎体外渗漏率以及患者的满意度,比较术前、术后1 d及术后12月随访时视觉疼痛评分(visual analogue scales,VAS)、后凸角的改善率。结果 60例(85个椎体)均经单侧椎弓根外入路完成PVP操作。手术时间31～52 min,术中出血0～5 ml,骨水泥灌注量2.0～4.5 ml。骨水泥在椎体内分布对称,无穿刺并发症。5个椎体发生骨水泥渗漏,渗漏率5.9%。术后均获得随访,随访时间12个月。VAS评分术前平均为8.17±0.52,术后1 d平均为3.72±0.35,术后12月平均为2.21±0.25,三者比较,术前与术后1 d、术后12月时VAS评分差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05),疼痛均得到了明显改善;术前、术后1 d及术后12月时Cobb角分别为9.50°±3.19°、9.41°±3.08°、9.45°±2.83°,差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05),椎体高度无明显塌陷。患者满意率达100%。结论单侧椎弓根外穿刺入路行PVP术治疗胸腰椎OVCFs是一种安全、可行和有效的治疗方法。     

Risk factors of developing new symptomatic vertebral compression fractures after percutaneous vertebroplasty in osteoporotic patients

Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) is an efficient procedure to treat pain due to osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs). However, some patient populations experience recurrent vertebral fracture after initial successful procedure. There are a lot of literatures about the effectiveness of this procedure but few concerning the development of recurrent, new compression fracture. This is a retrospective review of all PVPs performed in author’s institution from September 1999 to December 2001 to investigate the factors related to the development of new symptomatic OVCFs after PVPs. A retrospective review of 244 cases of PVP for symptomatic OVCFs at 382 levels was performed. Sociodemographic, clinical, radiologic, and procedural data were analyzed and compared between the two patient groups (control group : no further symptomatic OVCFs after the initial PVP, “new symptomatic fracture” group: with newly developed symptomatic OVCF). Statistical analysis was performed between the variables of the two groups. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan–Meier method. Over all, 38 among 244 treated patients (15.6%) had experienced newly developed symptomatic OVCF(s) during the follow up period (mean 52.5 months). Old age and the presence of multiple treated vertebrae at the initial PVP were assessed as a strong parameter for predicting new symptomatic OVCF. With increasing preoperative wedging deformity the risk of developing new symptomatic OVCF decreased. The Kaplan-Meier estimate of the 1 year fracture-free rate was 92.2%. The Kaplan–Meier curve showed that 7.8% of the patients would experience new symptomatic OVCF within 1 year after initial PVP. A preoperative only mild wedge deformity of the fractured vertebra(e) could indicate the increased risk of developing new symptomatic OVCF after vertebroplasty.     

Optimal intravertebral cement volume in percutaneous vertebroplasty for painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures

STUDY DESIGN.: A prospective follow-up study. OBJECTIVE.: Assessment of the relation between accomplishment of pain relief through percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) in painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) and the cemented fraction of the vertebral body and subsequent determination of the optimal intravertebral cement volume. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA.: The mechanism of pain relief of PVP as a treatment modality for painful OVCFs remains unclear. Generally, benefit of PVP is thought to result from stabilization of micromovements and collapse of the fractured vertebral body. However, studies indicating a relation between intravertebral cement volume and pain relief are lacking and an optimal value of the intravertebral cement volume is unknown. METHODS.: One hunderd six patients who received PVP for 196 painful OVCFs were prospectively followed on back pain (score 0-10) and occurrence of new OVCFs during the first postoperative year. Patients were classified as responders (average postoperative back pain ≤6) and nonresponders (average postoperative back pain >6). The cemented fraction of the vertebral body was determined using volumetric analysis of the postoperative CT scan of the treated levels. Analysis was performed using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and multivariable regression techniques. RESULTS.: Twenty-nine patients (27.3%) were found to be nonresponders. Mean intravertebral cement volume in all 196 treated OVCFs was 3.94 mL (SD = 1.89, range 0.13-10.8). The mean cemented vertebral body fraction was significantly lower in nonresponders (0.15 vs. 0.21, P = 0.002). The ROC area-under-curve of the cemented fraction as a predictor of accomplishment of pain relief was 0.67 (95% CI: 0.57-0.78, P = 0.006). In subgroups without specific influential factors (new OVCFs, intravertebral clefts), significantly stronger associations were found. A vertebral body fraction of 24% was identified as the optimal fraction to be cemented. This fraction corresponded to a 93% to 100% specificity for accomplishment of pain relief (i.e., few to no cases without pain relief in the presence of adequate cementing) without being significantly associated with a higher risk of occurrence of cement leakage or new OVCFs. Corresponding values for the recommended (optimal) intravertebral cement volume were provided based on its governing characteristics (fracture level, fracture severity, and patient's sex). CONCLUSION.: An optimal intravertebral cement volume was identified for accomplishment of pain relief through PVP in painful OVCFs. Appropriate thresholds were provided to guide the operator.     

经皮穿刺椎体扩张球囊后凸成形术后邻近椎体再骨折相关危险因素分析

目的:探讨经皮穿刺椎体扩张球囊后凸成形术(percutaneous kyphoplasty,PKP)治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折(osteoporosis vertebral compression fractures,OVCFs)术后椎体再骨折相关危险因素,为临床预防提供参考。方法:对2013年11月6日至2018年12月14日收治的228例符合纳入标准的OVCFs患者进行回顾性分析,男35例,女193例,年龄58～91(69.70±7.03)岁。所有患者采用PKP手术治疗且临床资料完整,按照术后是否发生再骨折分为再骨折组(24例)和未再骨折组(204例)。将可能与再骨折相关的因素(性别、年龄、手术节段、手术节段椎体数目、是否合并退行性侧弯、是否抗骨质疏松)纳入单因素研究,再将单因素分析有统计学意义的危险因素进行多元Logistic回归分析,进一步明确PKP术后椎体再骨折独立危险因素。再以PKP术后椎体再骨折时间为随访终止时间、以术后发生再骨折为终点事件,以是否合并退行性侧弯为变量因子,进行生存分析。结果:228患者均获随访,时间1.8～63.6(28.8±15.6)个月,再骨折发生率为10.5%(24/228)。两组患者在年龄、手术椎体数目、是否合并脊柱退行性侧弯、是否抗骨质疏松治疗方面差异有统计学意义(P0.05);单因素Logistic回归分析显示手术椎体数目、合并侧弯可能为PKP术后再骨折发生的危险因素,将可能的危险因素纳入多元Logistic回归分析显示是否合并脊柱退行性侧弯是椎体再骨折的独立危险因素。生存分析时间的平均值42.1个月,P值为0.00,平均值95%置信区间为34.4-49.7个月,表明合并退行性脊柱侧弯可能与再骨折发生有关。结论:合并脊柱侧弯是OVCF椎体成形术后再骨折的独立危险因素,亦是术后发生再骨折可能的高危因素。