月经周期不同时相恐惧表情对时间知觉的影响

目的:探索在月经周期3个时相中,正常育龄女性体验恐惧情绪对时间知觉的影响。方法:方便选取19～29岁女性85名,运用时间等分任务,比较被试在卵泡初期、排卵期和黄体中期体验恐惧和中性表情后的长反应比例。结果:月经时相的主效应显著,排卵期时对时距判断的长反应比例高于黄体期(P0.05);恐惧面孔刺激下的长反应比例高于中性面孔(P0.05);时距主效应显著,长反应比例在400～1600 ms范围内随时距增加呈增加趋势(均P0.01);月经时相和时距的交互作用显著(P0.05)。结论:女性在排卵期相对于其他时相表现出高估时间的倾向;与体验中性情绪相比,被试体验恐惧表情的时间知觉加长。     

自伤者对不同情绪调节方式的注意偏向

目的:探讨在唤起负性情绪后,自伤者是否倾向于注意其常用的自伤方式。方法:实验一:采用Stroop范式,在启动和未启动情绪调节方式的条件下,要求被试对常用情绪调节词、不常用情绪调节词和自伤词作反应,比较被试对这三类词的反应时,以检验采用动词作刺激词的Stroop任务的有效性;实验二:选用自伤青少年作为被试,启动自伤青少年的情绪调节方式,采用实验一证实有效的Stroop任务检验自伤者是否表现出对其常用自伤方式的注意偏向。结果:实验一表明,启动条件下,被试对其常用的情绪调节方式反应时最长;实验二发现,在启动条件下,自伤者对其常用的自伤方式反应时最长。结论:采用动词作为刺激词的Stroop任务有效;自伤者表现出对其常用自伤方式的注意偏向。     

情绪图片的阈下启动效应

目的:探讨阈下呈现启动图片时是否存在情绪启动效应,分析阈下情绪启动中是否存在负性偏向。方法:采用阈下呈现启动图片的方式,要求大学生尽快对目标图片做出正负性的判断。采用重复测量ANOVA分析,比较大学生在不同的情绪启动条件下、对正负性图片的反应正确率和平均反应时的差异。结果:不同情绪启动条件、目标图片的性质对反应正确率和平均反应时均存显著主效应,启动条件和控制条件的反应正确率显著高于非启动条件,而平均反应时则显著短于非启动条件;受试对负性图片的反应正确率显著高于正性图片,对负性图片平均反应时则显著短于正性图片。结论:阈下呈现启动图片时可观测到明显的情绪启动效应;在阈下情绪启动中,存在“负性偏向”。     

性选择理论视角下的女性消极体象：月经周期对内隐体象信念的影响

目的：基于性选择理论，探讨月经周期对女性内隐体象信念的影响。方法：以女性月经周期自然变化构成的两个时期(排卵期、黄体中期)为自变量，利用关联应答任务（RRT）探讨月经周期对女性内隐层面的实际体象及理想体象信念的影响。结果：相较于黄体中期，女性在排卵期会产生更瘦的内隐理想体象信念，而实际体象信念在不同月经周期没有显著差异。结论：排卵期会改变女性持有的内隐理想体象信念，使其受到内隐层面“更瘦”的理想体象信念的无意识影响，产生消极体象。     

污名/反污名信息对被污名群体注意偏向的影响

目的:探究污名/反污名信息对被污名群体注意偏好的影响。方法:以被污名群体为被试,采用情绪Stroop范式比较了被试在污名信息启动、反污名信息启动、中性信息启动三种条件下的注意偏好。结果:污名信息启动组和中性信息启动组被试对消极词的反应时均显著高于积极词和中性词,消极词的Stroop效应量显著高于积极词的Stroop效应量。反污名信息启动组被试对积极词和消极词的反应时均显著高于中性词,积极词的Stroop效应量显著高于消极词的Stroop效应量。结论:污名信息会让被污名群体对消极信息产生注意偏向,反污名信息会让被污名群体对积极信息产生注意偏向。     

成人循环内皮祖细胞的性别差异和雌二醇的体外动员作用

目的: 探讨成人循环内皮祖细胞(EPCs)数量及功能的性别差异、女性月经周期对其的影响和雌二醇的体外动员作用。方法: 选择月经周期正常的健康女性和年龄匹配的同等条件男性各10名,男性1次采血,女性在月经周期内3个性激素变化阶段(卵泡初期、排卵前期和黄体中期)分别采血。用流式细胞仪计数循环CD34⁺/CD133⁺/含有激酶插入结构域的受体(KDR)⁺的EPCs数量,放射免疫法测定雌二醇水平;经体外培养7 d,计数EPCs,并观察其黏附能力;分别通过跨膜迁移实验和增殖实验观察不同浓度雌二醇的影响。结果: 女性组循环EPCs数量明显高于男性组(P<0.01),月经周期内排卵前期和黄体中期明显高于卵泡初期(P<0.05)。经体外培养测定EPCs功能,男性与女性无明显差异。较高浓度的雌二醇(≥1×10^-9 mol/L)能显著增强EPCs的跨膜迁移能力和增殖能力(P<0.05)。结论: 成人循环EPCs数量存在性别差异并且受女性月经周期影响,雌二醇对EPCs的动员有重要作用。     

月经周期和神经质对高兴和恐惧表情识别的影响（英文）

目的:探索不同神经质水平女性在月经周期中对高兴和恐惧面孔的识别绩效及其与卵巢激素之间的关系。方法:让高、低神经质两组女性在卵泡早期,卵泡晚期和黄体期对不同强度的恐惧和高兴面孔进行识别,并对卵巢激素进行检测。结果:面孔表情识别的正确率在晚卵泡期高于卵泡早期或黄体期,但是没有达到统计显著性。高低神经质组之间没有发现显著差异。此外,男性和高兴面孔识别的正确率更高,反应速度也更快。面孔表情与性别交互作用表明只有在女性面孔上,高兴识别的正确率显著高于恐惧识别的正确率。而男性高兴面孔识别的正确率与雌激素和黄体酮水平均显著负相关,睾酮与面孔识别的反应时相关显著,泌乳素仅与高兴面孔识别的正确率显著负相关。结论:月经周期中面孔表情识别绩效与卵巢激素相关,尤其是雌激素、黄体酮、睾酮和泌乳素可能是影响面孔表情加工的潜在内分泌机制。     

特质焦虑个体诱发负性情绪时的抑制控制

目的:探讨高特质焦虑个体诱发负性情绪时的抑制控制能力。方法:使用特质焦虑问卷筛选出高、低特质焦虑大学生各30名[STAI-T常模分数为(41.2±7.6)分,高于常模1个标准差为高特质焦虑,低于常模1个标准差为低特质焦虑]。让被试观看一组负性情绪面孔图片诱发负性情绪后,采用数字Stroop任务和数字转换任务,通过反应时、Stroop冲突效应量、转换损失等指标考察特质焦虑个体认知加工速度和抑制控制能力。结果:诱发负性情绪下,数字Stroop任务中高特质焦虑情绪组反应时长于低特质焦虑情绪组[(779.3±51.6)ms vs.(703.7±49.8)ms,P<0.05],Stroop冲突效应量高于低特质焦虑情绪组,[(167.9±55.7)ms vs.(114±79.1)ms,P<0.001];转换任务中高特质焦虑情绪组反应时长于低特质焦虑情绪组,[1 151.7±15.8)ms vs.(1 029.9±21.3)ms,P<0.05],转换损失高于低特质焦虑情绪组[(290.7±27.3)ms vs.(211.7±18.6)ms,P<0.05]。结论:负性情绪诱发下,高特质焦虑情绪个体抑制控制能力下降,体现为对无关信息的干扰抑制能力以及对心理定势反应的抑制能力下降。     

图片和词语阈下情绪启动效应的比较

目的:观察图片和词语的情绪启动效应是否存在差异。方法:以国际图片系统中的情绪图片和汉语情绪词语为刺激材料,启动正性、负性和中性情绪,大学生为被试,进行颜色Stroop判断和主观情绪的自我评定,采用2(材料类型)×3(情绪类型)的被试间设计。结果:①不同情绪类型的Stroop反应时和错误率差异显著(F=36.216,P=0.000<0.05),情绪自我评定时积极组与中性组之间差异显著,但消极组与中性组之间差异不显著;②不同刺激材料类型的Stroop反应时和错误率及情绪自我评定之间差异均不显著。结论:图片和词语作为情绪刺激材料都可产生情绪启动效应,尤其是积极情绪;词语具有与图片相当效应的情绪启动功能。     

某城区流动育龄人群血清抗苗勒氏管激素水平的检测结果分析

目的 探讨并分析某城区流动育龄人群血清抗苗勒氏管激素(anti-mullerian hormone,AMH)水平的检测结果.方法选取2016年12月至2017年6月某医院随机抽取的流动育龄期女性200例作为研究对象,采用罗氏化学发光法检测AMH水平,并分析检查结果.结果 200例完成1个月经周期的血清AMH检测,早卵泡期、排卵期、黄体中期血清AMH水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);其中69例完成连续2个月经周期的血清AMH检查,两个月经周期间的早卵泡期、排卵期、黄体中期血清AMH水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).≤25岁的女性血清AMH水平明显高于26~30岁、31~35岁、36~40岁、41~45岁年龄段女性的血清AMH水平(P<0.05),且两个不同年龄段之间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Spearman相关分析显示,AMH与年龄呈负相关关系(r=-0.317,P<0.05).结论 流动育龄期女性月经周期内AMH维持稳定水平,另外AMH水平随年龄增加而下降.     

The role of the menstrual cycle phase in pain perception before and after an isometric fatiguing contraction

The purpose of this study was to compare exercise-induced analgesia in young women after a fatiguing isometric contraction during different phases of the menstrual cycle. Twenty female subjects performed a submaximal (25% maximal voluntary contraction) isometric contraction until task failure during both the mid-follicular and mid-luteal phases of their menstrual cycle. Pain perception (i.e., pain threshold and pain ratings) was measured before and after the isometric fatiguing contraction. Other measures included mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and anxiety levels. Time to task failure of the fatiguing contraction was similar for the two phases of the menstrual cycle. Following the performance of the isometric contraction: (1) pain thresholds increased and pain ratings decreased; (2) anxiety levels increased; and (3) mean arterial pressure and heart rate increased. These changes were not dependent on the phase of the menstrual cycle. Thus, the menstrual cycle phase does not influence the magnitude of exercise-induced analgesia.     

Uterine hyperperistalsis and dysperistalsis as dysfunctions of the mechanism of rapid sperm transport in patients with endometriosis and infertility

Women suffering from infertility in association with mostlymild endometriosis were subjected to vaginal sonography of uterineperistalsis during the menstrual period, the early, mid- andlate follicular phases, and the mid-luteal phase of the menstrualcycle. The data obtained were compared with those of healthycontrols. Women with endometriosis displayed a marked uterinehyperperistalsis that differed significantly from the peristalsisof the controls during the early and mid-follicular and mid-lutealphases. During the late follicular phase of the cycle, uterineperistalsis in women with endometriosis became dysperistaltic,arrhythmic and convulsive in character, while in controls peristalsiscontinued to show long and regular cervico-fundal contractions.Hysterosalpingoscintigraphy during the early, mid- and latefollicular phases revealed that hyperperistalsis in the earlyand mid-follicular phases of patients with endometriosis resultedin a dramatic increase in the transport of inert particles fromthe vaginal depot, through the uterus into the tubes and alsointo the peritoneal cavity. During the late follicular phaseof the cycle, the dysperistalsis observed in women with endometriosisresulted in a dramatic reduction of uterine transport capacityin comparison with the healthy controls. We consider uterinehyperperistalsis to be the mechanical cause of endometriosisrather than retrograde menstruation. Dysperistalsis in the latefollicular phase of patients with endometriosis may compromiserapid sperm transport Uterine hyperperistalsis and dysperistalsisare considered to be responsible for both reduced fertilityand the development of endometriosis.     

Sequential Measurements of Human Decidua-Associated Protein (hDP) 200 in the Uterine Fluid During the Menstrual Cycle

PROBLEM: To examine the relationship between the concentration of uterine fluid human decidua-associated protein (hDP) 200, identified as a monoclonal rheumatoid factor, and different phases of the menstrual cycle. METHODS: Sequential measurements of hDP 200 concentration in uterine fluid were performed in 11 normal ovulatory women, aged 22–36 years. The samples were collected in early proliferative phase, late proliferative phase, periovulatory period, early secretory phase, and late secretory phase. RESULTS: Consistent fluctuations of hDP 200 levels in uterine fluid were found throughout the menstrual cycle. High levels were found during early proliferative phase and periovulatory period related to significantly lower levels during late proliferative and early luteal phases. CONCLUSION: There is menstrual phase dependent variation in the uterine fluid levels of hDP 200.     

Variability in ratings of trustworthiness across the menstrual cycle

This study investigated how trusting behavior varies in naturally cycling women, as a function of sex and attractiveness of players in a trust game, at three distinct phases of the menstrual cycle. Women acted more cautiously in an investment game at the preovulatory phase, compared to the menstrual and the mid-luteal phase. Reduced willingness to trust in strangers was particularly expressed toward male players at this time. The increase of estradiol levels from menses to the preovulatory phase was negatively correlated with trust in attractive male other players, whereas the increase of progesterone levels from menses to the mid-luteal phase was positively associated with trust in unattractive female other players. No particular contribution of a single hormone level could be identified for the generally reduced willingness to trust in strangers in the preovulatory phase. Thus, the results emphasize the impact of the menstrual cycle on interpersonal trust, although the exact mode of hormonal action needs to be further investigated.     

Effects of physical training on heat loss responses of young women to passive heating in relation to menstrual cycle

To examine the effects of physical training on cutaneous vasodilation and sweating responses of young women in the follicular and luteal phase, 11 physically trained (T group) and 13 untrained (U group) women were passively heated by lower-leg immersion into hot water of 42°C (ambient temperature of 30°C and 45%RH) for 60 min in their mid-follicular and mid-luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. Female hormones increased significantly from the mid-follicular to the mid-luteal phase in T and U groups, but the degree of increase was significantly lower in T group. Mean body temperature thresholds for cutaneous vasodilation and sweating responses were significantly lower in T group than in U group, in both the menstrual phases, and the differences between the groups were greatest during the mid-luteal phase. The slope of the relationship between frequency of sweat expulsion (F_sw) and and between local sweating rate and F_sw was significantly greater in T group, although the slope of the relationship between cutaneous blood flow and did not differ between the groups, regardless of body site or menstrual phase. These results suggest that regular physical activity enhanced sweating and cutaneous vasodilation in young women. The enhancement of sweating was due to both central and peripheral mechanisms, and the enhancement of cutaneous vasodilation was possibly due to a central mechanism. Enhancement of heat loss responses via central mechanisms was greater during the mid-luteal phase than in the mid-follicular phase because the elevation of female reproductive hormone levels during the mid-luteal phase was relatively low in T group.     

In search of candidate genes critically expressed in the human endometrium during the window of implantation

BACKGROUND: In this prospective randomized blinded clinical trial, we examined gene expression profiles of the human endometrium during the early and mid-luteal phases of the natural cycle. METHODS: An endometrial biopsy was performed on day 16 (LH +3) or on day 21 (LH +8), followed by RNA extraction and microarray analysis using an Affymetrix HG-U95A microchip. Data analysis was carried out using pairwise multiple group comparison with the significance analysis of microarrays (SAM) software. RESULTS: With a false discovery rate of 0, the analysis revealed that 107 genes were significantly and differently expressed (> or =2-fold) during the early versus the mid-luteal phase of the cycle. Forty-five of these genes have not been previously linked to endometrial receptivity. Validation of the microarray data was accomplished using semiquantitative RT-PCR. We demonstrated the presence of estrogen and progesterone response elements (ERE and PRE) by analysis of the 5'-flanking regions of a subset of differentially regulated genes. CONCLUSIONS: Using a strict bioinformatics approach of microarray data, we demonstrated significant changes in candidate genes during the transition of the early to the mid-luteal phase of the human endometrium that may have functional significance for the opening and maintenance of the window of implantation.     

Gene expression and immunolocalization of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor and human epidermal growth factor receptors in human corpus luteum

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to elucidate gene expression and immunolocalization of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) and human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family in the human ovary during luteal growth and regression. METHODS: Ovaries obtained from pre-menopausal women were used for immunohistochemistry and semiquantitative RT-PCR analysis. RESULTS: Immunoreactive HB-EGF was not detected in follicles or oocyte, while HB-EGF became apparent in granulosa luteal cells in the early luteal phase, and most abundant in the mid-luteal phase, but less abundant in the late luteal phase. Immunostaining for HER1 was very weak in granulosa luteal cells in the early and mid-luteal phases, and was not detected in the late luteal phase. Immunoreactive HER4 was abundant in the early luteal phase and became less abundant in the mid-luteal phase, whereas it was negative in the late luteal phase. Semiquantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that HB-EGF and HER1 mRNA levels were high in the mid-luteal phase, whereas HER4 mRNA expression was high in the early luteal phase. CONCLUSIONS: HB-EGF may play a vital role in regulating luteal growth in a juxtacrine manner and through activating HER4 signalling.     

Localization and expression of zonula occludens-1 tight junction-associated protein in baboon (Papio anubis) corpora lutea

The identification of the cell junction-forming proteins connexin-43,a gap junction protein and E-cadherin, which is a componentof adherent junctions, in the corpus luteum of both humans andbaboons suggests that cell-cell interactions and metabolic cooperationmust occur in this tissue. Occluding junctions are a third typeof junction which form a physical barrier between cells. Thus,our aims in this study were firstly to examine the presenceof the tight junction-associated protein zonula occludens-1(ZO-1) by immunohistochemistry, and secondly to determine theconcentrations of this protein in the early, mid- and late lutealphase baboon corpora lutea of the menstrual cycle by a Westernanalysis. ZO-1 was localized mainly at the periphery of theluteal cells, and the intensity of immunoreactivity varied throughthe luteal phase, with comparatively stronger immunoreactivityin the mid-luteal phase than the early and late luteal phases.Atretic corpora lutea were devoid of activity. By Western analysis,bands of immunoreactivity were observed at 225 kDa, furtherconfirming the presence of the protein. Maximum activity, asdetermined by densitometry, was observed in the mid-luteal phase.These data infer the presence of tight junctions in the corpusluteum and suggest that expression of the ZO-1 protein formingthese junctions may be hormonally regulated within this tissue.