癫痫大鼠听觉事件相关电位P3样波的研究

目的：研究正常大鼠听觉事件相关电位（ERP）的P3样波（下简称听觉P3样电位）特点及癫痫大鼠P3样电位变化。方法：癫痫组大鼠每日予戊四氮腹腔注射，直至达到点燃标准，正常组大鼠每日注射生理盐水。记录并分析两组动物听觉ERP特点及其P3样电位的变化。结果：（1）在大鼠可发现与人类听觉ERP的P3电位波形、潜伏期及反应特点相似的ERP；（2）癫痫大鼠与正常大鼠相比，其P3样电位的听觉ERP的P3电位潜伏期明显延长（P＜0．01），波幅相对降低（P＞0．05），波形分化不清。结论：P3样电位的产生具有跨越种属的相似性，提示P3样电位在哺乳动物中可能具有共同的神经回路。     

听觉事件相关电位P300对老年痴呆的诊断价值

痴呆是指由于脑部器质性病变，使患者在智能的许多方面发生进行性与持久的衰退，因此实质性地影响其正常生活或经济处理能力。痴呆患者最明显的共同特点是具有各种严重的认知功能障碍，如记忆、定向、计算、思维判断和性格改变等。事件相关电位(ERP)的P300成分与人的认知心理过程有关，是一种客观的神经电生理检查方法，本文对痴呆患者及正常老人进行ERP检测比较，现报告如下。     

三音听觉刺激事件相关电位P300的初步研究

目的：观察不同注意状态下三音P300的特点及其初步应用价值。方法：对42名受试者进行三音和传统二音odd-ball诱发P300检测,并将不同状态下的三音P300与二音P300进行比较。结果：低概率靶刺激（r-T)和低概率双靶刺激（r-dT)状态下的P300潜伏期短,波高,二者间无明显差异,低概率非靶刺激（r-nT)P300和二音P300的潜伏期和波幅也无明显差异,但r-T和r-dT与r-nT和二音P300间差异显著。刺激的物理特性和记录部位对三音P300的影响不明显。结论：注意是影响三音P300的重要因素,三音P300反映注意等认知功能的变化方面比传统二音P300更灵敏而准确,有较好的临床应用前景。     

抑郁性神经症患者的听觉事件相关电位分析

近年来 ,抑郁神经症在综合医院神经科门诊日见增多。对其认知功能的评定 ,国内研究尚少。笔者自 2 0 0 0年 6月至 2 0 0 1年 5月 ,共检测 5 0例抑郁性神经症患者的听觉事件相关电位 (ＥＲＰ)Ｐ30 0波幅和潜伏期 ,并与健康人群作对照分析 ,以期为抑郁性神经症认知功能的评定提供客观资料。1　资料与方法1 1　病例选择病例组 5 0例 ,皆为我院神经科门诊或住院患者 ,符合ＣＣＭＤ Ⅱ Ｒ抑郁性神经症的诊断标准。按抑郁临床相分成轻度和中度二组。轻度组自评抑郁量表 (ＳＤＳ)评分指数 (各条目累计分 / 80 )为 0 .5 0～ 0 .5 9,中度组ＳＤＳ评分…     

注意状态对事件相关电位的影响研究

目的：研究不同注意状态下事件相关电位的变化特点。方法：智能正常年轻人18例，采用oddball模式，非靶刺激为80％的750Hz低频短音，靶刺激为20％的2000Hz高频短音。利用Nicolet Pathfinder Ⅱ型诱发电位仪，记录主动分辨靶刺激时，计数／不计数状态下事件相关电位各波潜伏期和P3波幅的变化。结果：与计数靶刺激时比，在不计数时P3波幅显著降低（P＜0．01），P3潜伏期及其余各波潜伏期变化无显著性意义。结论：P300波幅与注意密切相关，P3潜伏期不易受被试注意力的影响，是一个稳定的测量认知功能的指标。     

三音听觉刺激事件相关电位P_(300)的初步研究

目的 :观察不同注意状态下三音P3 0 0 的特点及其初步应用价值。方法 :对 42名受试者进行三音和传统二音odd ball诱发P3 0 0 检测 ,并将不同状态下的三音P3 0 0 与二音P3 0 0 进行比较。结果 :低概率靶刺激 (r T)和低概率双靶刺激 (r dT)状态下的P3 0 0 潜伏期短、波幅高 ,二者间无明显差异 ,低概率非靶刺激 (r nT)P3 0 0 和二音P3 0 0 的潜伏期和波幅也无明显差异 ,但r T和r dT与r nT和二音P3 0 0 间差异显著。刺激的物理特性和记录部位对三音P3 0 0 的影响不明显。结论 :注意是影响三音P3 0 0 的重要因素。三音P3 0 0 反映注意等认知功能的变化方面比传统二音P3 0 0 更灵敏而准确 ,有较好的临床应用前景     

男性性反应中注意力的听觉事件相关电位特征

目的:通过听觉事件相关电位研究男性性反应的注意力变化。方法:对广告招募的30名成年男性,用主观性唤起多元评价指标测查其聆听性感听觉材料后的主观性反应状态;应用Brain-Product公司生产的BP-ERP工作站研究被试在放松和主观性反应状态中的听觉事件相关电位,分析大脑前额叶各电极点P3潜伏期与波幅特点,分析被试报告odd-ball范式中靶刺激次数的正确率。结果:主观性唤起多元评价指标显示被试听性感听觉材料后达到轻-中度主观性唤起水平;男性在主观性反应状态中多导联P3潜伏期长于放松状态(P<0.05),两者波幅的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);主观性反应状态中被试报告odd-ball范式中靶刺激次数的正确率低于放松状态(P<0.05)。结论:在主观性反应中男性可能仍对外界保持一定程度的有意注意。     

癫癎患者听觉事件相关电位的检测报告

目的:探讨听觉事件相关电位(ERP)在癫癎患者中的应用价值。方法:对40例癫癎患者和30名正常人进行ERP检测比较,并将癫癎患者ERP的结果与其发作类型、用药情况等进行比较分析。结果:40例癫癎患者的ERP P300潜伏期较对照组延长(P<0．05),但其P300波幅差异无统计学意义(P>0．05)。全身强直阵挛性发作的28例癫癎患者,P300潜伏期延长尤著。多药治疗组较单药治疗组P300潜伏期延长。结论:癫癎患者存在认识功能障碍,ERP可作为癫癎患者认知功能障碍诊断的参考指标,对指导临床,及早给予干预和治疗有一定意义。     

听觉新奇事件相关电位的研究进展

就人脑对听觉新奇事件的事件相关电位(Event-related potentials,ERP)响应的研究进展进行了综述。介绍了新奇性响应的实验方案设计和新奇性响应ERP在认知方面的一系列问题。对反映偏离检测的非匹配负波电位(MMN)以及与新奇性响应的关系也进行了讨论。熟悉度和注意力两个因素影响着大脑的新奇性ERP响应。研究表明,随熟悉程度的加强,在脑前区体现出信号明显的减小,而脑后区无明显变化。注意的作用有助于信号的加强,使大脑相应的部位产生激活。本文进一步讨论了ERP响应的功能意义,包括大脑对新奇事件的估价等内容。     

视觉事件相关电位

一、概况 事件相关电位(event-related potential,ERP)1965年由Sutton提出。一般认为有广义和狭义之说,广义指ERP的全部成分,包括P1、N1、P2、N2、P3,MMN、N400、CNV,而狭义仅指P1、N1、P2、N2、N3。关于刺激模式,国内外大多采用听觉刺激。目前国内使用的仪器     

Sex differences in concordance rates between auditory event‐related potentials and subjective sexual arousal

Much research indicates men show a greater concordance between subjective and genital sexual arousal than do women. We investigated the relationship between subjective sexual arousal and brain activation in men and women. Subjective sexual arousal and auditory N1 and P3b ERP amplitudes were measured while 38 participants viewed erotic and non‐erotic films. Most notably, there was a significant correlation between N1 amplitude and sexual arousal in men; for women, there was a significant correlation between the P3b amplitude and sexual arousal. ERP amplitudes were inversely associated with reported arousal, suggesting that sexual arousal interferes with early tone processing for men, and with later tone processing for women. Lastly, for women, pornography/erotica consumption was negatively correlated with P3b amplitudes, suggesting that women who consume more pornography/erotica may also show greater attention to erotic films.     

Analysis of multiple event related potential components in a tone discrimination task

Subjects performed in a tone discrimination task at two levels of difficulty, and a reaction time response was required on half of the trials. Four prominent components of the event-related potential waveform (N1, P2, N2, and P3) were analyzed. The results suggested that P2 represents the beginning of a central process responsible for stimulus identification and the initiation of decision making, while N2 and possibly P3 represent the end of this process. The notion that the P3 component is an unusually important sign of central processing is questioned, and the notion that P3 represents a central process of memorial update is also questioned. It seems more likely that N2 or p3 represent the end of a central process started at the time of P2.     

认知事件相关诱发电位P300的研究进展

目的 探讨认知事件相关诱发电位（ERP）P300的研究进展。方法 在万方数据、Pubmed等数据库查阅与认知ERP P300研究相关的文献,进行汇总分析。结果 ERP P300反映了大脑认知的加工过程,可对痴呆、脑血管疾病、脑外伤、癫痫、精神疾病等多种疾病进行早期认知减退的检测、认知功能和损害程度的评估以及认知功能的定量分析,具有较广泛的临床应用价值。但P300的临床应用存在没有业内公认的评定标准值、实际检测中影响因素较多等问题,其具体机制及相关问题的解决还有待于进一步更深入地探讨。结论 P300可以检测大脑神经细胞的动态认知过程,具有可靠、有效、客观、无创伤等特点,是其他脑影像技术所不能取代的一种检测方法。未来还需在P300及其亚波的产生定位及临床诊断的统一化标准化等方面做进一步的深入探索和研究。     

The relationship between women's subjective and physiological sexual arousal

Previous literature presents discordant results on the relationship between physiological and subjective sexual arousal in women. In this study, the use of hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) revealed a significant concordance between continuous measures of physiological and subjective sexual arousal as assessed during exposure to erotic stimuli in a laboratory setting. We propose that past studies that have found little or no association between the two measures may have been in part limited by the methodology and statistical analyses employed.     

癫痫儿童认知电位P300及其影响因素分析

目的：研究癫痫儿童认知电位P300E事件相关电位（ERP）的P300成分]及其影响因素。方法：检测分析85例癫痫儿童及63例健康对照的认知电位P300,并探讨癫痫儿童认知电位P300各影响因素的作用。结果：以健康儿童作比较,癫痫儿童P300潜伏期延长．差肄有显著意义（P〈0．01）,波幅降低。差异也有显著意义（P〈0．05）;Logistic回归分析显示发病年龄早和发作频繁是癫痫儿童P300潜伏期延长、认知功能损害加重的危险因素,减少发作频率为其保护因素。结论：认知电位P300可以较客观及早地反映癫痫儿童的认知状况。应于患病早期积极抗癫痫治疗,降低认知功能受损的发生率。     

Determinants of subjective experience of sexual arousal in women: Feedback from genital arousal and erotic stimulus content

Sixty-two women participated in a study designed to explore the association between gential and subjective sexual arousal. Four stimulus conditions were created, designed to evoke differential patterns of genital arousal over time. Subjects were instructed to report sensations in their genitalia while being exposed to the same erotic stimulus on repeated trials or to a series of varying erotic stimuli. Detection of genital arousal was facilitated by the occurrence of changes in genital arousal over trials. That is, genital and subjective sexual arousal were linearly related in conditions that resulted in large differences in genital arousal over trails, whereas such a relation was absent in conditions in which genital arousal levels remained relatively constant. In women, peripheral feedback from consciously detected genital arousal seems to be a relatively unimportant determinant of subjective sexual arousal.     

Person perception precedes theory of mind: an event related potential analysis

Prior to developing an understanding of another person's mental state, an ability termed “theory of mind” (ToM), a perception of that person's appearance and actions is required. However the relationship between this “person perception” and ToM is unclear. To investigate the time course of ToM and person perception, event-related potentials (ERP) were recorded while 17 normal adults received three kinds of visual stimuli: cartoons involving people (person perception cartoons), cartoons involving people and also requiring ToM for comprehension (ToM cartoons), and scene cartoons. We hypothesized that the respective patterns of brain activation would be different under these three stimuli, at different stages in time. Our findings supported this proposal: the peak amplitudes of P200 for scene cartoons were significantly lower than for person perception or ToM cartoons, while there were no significant differences between the latter two for P200. During the 1000–1300 ms epoch, the mean amplitudes of the late positive components (LPC) for person perception were more positive than for scene representation, while the mean amplitudes of the LPC for ToM were more positive than for person perception. The present study provides preliminary evidence of the neural dynamic that underlies the dissociation between person perception and ToM.     

Assessment of female sexual arousal: Response specificity and construct validity

Specificity of vaginal pulse amplitude and vaginal blood volume in reaction to visual sexual stimuli was investigated by comparing responses to sexual, anxiety-inducing, sexually threatening, and neutral film excerpts. Subjective sexual arousal, body sensations, emotional experience, skin conductance, and heart rate were monitored along with the genital measures. Self-report data confirmed the generation of affective states as intended. Results demonstrated response specificity of vaginal vasocongestion to sexual stimuli. In terms of both convergent and divergent validity, vaginal pulse amplitude was the superior genital measure. Skin conductance discriminated among stimuli only to a small degree, whereas heart rate failed to discriminate among stimuli altogether.     

Clinical applications of auditory event related potentials in neurology

Summary Auditory ERP (AERP) studies have been performed in 56 patients with central nervous system disturbances. Forty seven patients(90.5%), had AERP component abnormalities concerning mainly P300 topography alterations and secondarily P300 latency prolongation. It is concluded that P300 is a very useful tool in clinical neurology and that P300 topography or latency alterations are not specific of any cerebral disturbance but can be found in any disease whenever cognitive functions are impaired.