碱性离子水提高热暴露小鼠耐热和抗氧化能力

目的观察碱性离子水对热暴露小鼠热耐受能力和抗氧化能力的影响。方法小鼠随机分为对照组(饮自来水)和实验组(饮碱性离子水),2组小鼠被置于高温箱中热暴露。另取一批小鼠,分组与处理同上,2组小鼠被置于水温(40.0±0.2)℃水桶中游泳。实验中,记录小鼠存活时间和游泳持续时间。检测血清、肝脏中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力和丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果碱性离子水能显著延长热暴露小鼠的存活时间(延长51%)和热环境条件下的游泳时间(提高22.7%);能显著提高热暴露小鼠血清和肝组织中SOD活力(分别提高16.2%和15.1%);抑制MDA含量的增加(分别降低15.9%和16.3%)。结论碱性离子水作为一种新型的功能饮用水,能提高热暴露小鼠的耐热能力,其作用机制可能与提高抗氧化功能有关。     

复方人参制剂对热应激大鼠的保护作用研究

目的观察复方人参制剂对热应激鼠的保护作用。方法34只SD大鼠被随机分为对照组（Ⅰ组,n＝17）、复方人参制剂组（Ⅱ组,n＝17）。热应激前1h分别以水及复方人参制剂(0.5ml／100g体重)灌胃。动物于人工气候室内受热直至死亡。测定直肠温度、下丘脑hsp70含量等指标。结果(1)体温的变化Ⅱ组动物热应激过程肛温各时点的测定值均较对照组低,其中热至40min时低0.18℃,热至60min、80min、100min时则分别低0.56℃、0.70℃、0.71℃（P＜0.05）。Ⅰ、Ⅱ组肛温的平均上升速率分别为（0.044±0.022）℃／min、(0.029±0.015)℃／min（P＜0.05）。(2)动物热耐受时间和死亡率Ⅰ、Ⅱ组动物的平均热耐受时间分别为(162.8±62.9)min、(217.4±59.3)min,后者比前者延长54.6min（P＜0.05）;其动物死亡率,在热暴露2小时、3小时、4小时时Ⅰ组分别为41.2%、52.9%和82.4%,Ⅱ组则分别为11.8%、23.5%和52.9%,P值均小于0.05。(3)下丘脑hsp70含量的变化Ⅰ、Ⅱ组动物分别热暴露至死亡时,其下丘脑hsp70的含量为(47.72±19.03)μg／mg、(54.32±18.54)μg／mg（P＜0.05）,且hsp70含量与动物的热耐受时间呈高度正相关（r＝0.7074,P＜0.001）。结论复合人参制剂具潜在的预防性的抗热损伤功能。     

半饥饿状态下复合电解质维生素对实验性热应激的干预作用

目的探讨半饥饿状态下补充复合电解质维生素对实验性热应激的干预作用.方法采用小鼠、大鼠进行二周或三周半饥饿热暴露试验,复合电解质维生素以饮料形式作为干预,以饮水作为对照,观察死亡情况以及外周血电解质浓度、丙二醛水平、SOD与GSHPx活性和内毒素水平的变化.结果干预组半饥饿动物热暴露后的死亡率都显著低于对照组.小鼠对照组、干预组热暴露后的死亡率分别为75.0%和33.3%(P＜0.01),大鼠分别为71.4%和12.5%(P＜0.01);复合电解质维生素对大鼠血电解质浓度、MDA水平、GSHPx活性和内毒素水平也有干预作用,对照组、干预组热暴露后血钾离子浓度分别为(5.7±0.3)和(6.3±0.4)mmol@L-1(P＜0.05),镁离子浓度分别为(1.5±0.2)和(1.7±0.1)mmol@L-1(P＜0.05),磷离子浓度分别为(2.7±0.2)和(3.0±0.3)mmol@L-1(P＜0.05);大鼠对照组、干预组热暴露后血MDA水平分别为(45.37±14.13)、(33.90±5.54)mmol@L-1(P＜0.05),GSHPx活性分别为(180.32±5.75)和(189.67±3.45)mmol@L-1(P＜0.05),内毒素分别为(35.8±3.4)和(31.8±2.0)×10-3 U@ml-1(P＜0.05).结论半饥饿状态下补充电解质维生素具有显著的抗热应激作用.     

复合微量营养素提高热适应能力的作用及其机理探讨

复合微量营养素由维生素C、B1 、B2 、B6 、烟酸、叶酸、K、Na、Ca、Mg、Cu、Mn、Fe、Zn等组成。为了探讨其提高热适应能力的作用及其作用机理 ,观察了该营养剂对热暴露果蝇存活率、小鼠热耐力、小鼠高温游泳时间、热暴露大鼠神经内分泌变化、抗氧化功能和对热应激蛋白HSP70合成的影响。结果显示 :(1)复合微量营养素能显著增加热暴露果蝇的存活率 ,延长热暴露小鼠的存活时间和热环境条件下的游泳时间 ;(2 )能明显增加热暴露大鼠肝细胞液糖皮质激素受体结合活性 ,抑制肝组织磷脂酶A2 活性 ;(3)能显著提高热暴露大鼠血清超氧化物歧化酶活力 ,抑制血清丙二醛含量的增加 ;(4)能显著提高热暴露果蝇的热应激蛋白HSP70含量。结果表明 ,复合微量营养素提高热适应能力的作用机理可能与改善神经内分泌调节、提高抗氧化功能和增加热应激蛋白 (HSP70 )合成有关。     

甘氨酸对热暴露大鼠的保护作用研究

目的观察抗内毒素药物甘氨酸在中暑内毒素血症发病过程中所起到的作用.方法将24只受试大鼠随机分为3组,每组8只,两个热暴露组分别于受热前给予甘氨酸(G)和生理盐水(NS),常温对照组(NC)暴露于室温.结果(1)热休克发生时间G组88.3±3.5min,NS组79.5±4.2min;存活时间(热休克发生至死亡时间)G组35.5±4.4min,NS组为18.0±4.5min.组间比较有显著差异(P＜0.01).(2)动物受试80min后肛温、心率,平均动脉压分别为G组42.5±0.4℃、459±9.9beats/min、11.5±0.8kPa;NS组43.1±0.4℃、483.3±9.4beats/min、9.3±0.8kPa;NC组37.1±0.3℃、360.8±10.6beats/nin、13.5±1.3kPa.不同组别对比差异显著(P＜0.05).结论G在抗动物热暴露所致的内毒素血症中起到了相当明显的作用.     

热暴露不同时期大鼠肝与心肌细胞热休克蛋白70的表达

目的　研究热暴露不同阶段对大鼠肝与心肌细胞热休克蛋白 70 (HSP70 )表达的影响 ,为探讨HSP70在细胞水平的表达机制 ,以及HSP70对热暴露机体的意义提供实验依据。方法　采用人工热气候室 [(34± 1)℃、湿度 6 0 % ],建立热暴露动物模型。SD大鼠 80只分为对照组和热暴露组 ,每组又分为 2、7、14、2 8d 4个时段。取肝与心肌组织做免疫组化SP法染色 ,应用图像分析系统分析组织HSP70含量的变化。结果　在热暴露的 4个时段 ,热暴露组肝 (灰度值分别为 137.0± 5 .1、137.0± 5 .2、137.8± 7.1、139.2± 5 .2 )与心肌 (灰度值分别为 15 6 .1± 4 .4、15 5 .1± 6 .2、15 5 .4± 4 .5、15 6 .2±5 .1)细胞的HSP70表达均明显强于对照组 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1或P <0 .0 5 ) ;适应时段对HSP70的表达强度无明显影响。热暴露 2d时HSP70在核内表达强于胞浆 ,肝枯否氏细胞HSP70阳性表达率明显高于对照组 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;热暴露 2d与 2 8d时血清中肝与心肌细胞胞内酶浓度明显增高。结论　受热早期机体的重要器官会产生损伤性改变 ;HSP70高表达可作为组织细胞受损伤的标志 ;延长受热时间 ,机体产生热暴露 ,HSP70的高表达在此期热暴露的产生中起到重要作用 ;过长时间受热 ,机体将失去对热的适应 ,HSP7     

生血胶囊对小鼠抗疲劳作用及其机制研究

目的研究生血胶囊对小鼠抗疲劳效果及其可能机制 ,为深入研究其作用及开发利用提供实验依据。方法选用成年雄性小白鼠 ,每日服用生血胶囊 (2g·kg- 1)并进行游泳训练 ,连续4周 ,检测耐缺氧时间和力竭游泳时间 ,以及力竭游泳运动后小鼠血液中乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)活性及血尿素氮 (BUN)浓度、血红蛋白 (Hb)浓度与肾组织超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活性、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH -Px)活性、总抗氧化能力和丙二醛含量。结果游泳训练后生血胶囊组小鼠力竭游泳时间〔(315 .33± 38.5 0 )min〕和耐缺氧时间〔(2 2 .4 4± 5 .2 3)min〕明显高于训练对照组〔(2 0 1.4 6± 32 .2 3)min ,(17.2 2± 5 .0 3)min ,P <0 .0 1,P <0 .0 5〕 ,力竭游泳后血液中Hb浓度和肾组织SOD、GSH -Px活性、总抗氧化能力也显著高于训练对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,而血液LDH活性、BUN浓度和肾组织MDA含量则明显低于训练对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。结论生血胶囊有提高机体运动能力的作用 ,其作用机制可能与生血胶囊提高机体的耐缺氧能力 ,增加血红蛋白浓度 ,减少自由基 ,以及保护肾组织有关     

微量元素对热应激果蝇存活率及热应激蛋白合成的影响

目的探讨微量元素提高热适应能力的作用及可能的机理.方法以果蝇为热暴露动物模型,在果蝇普通培养基上分别添加12种微量元素配制成不同组分实验培养基,观察各培养基饲养的果蝇在37±0.5℃热暴露15 h后的存活率及热暴露30 min后果蝇热应激蛋白(HSP70)的含量.结果Zn、Fe、Se、Sn、Si和Mo能显著提高热暴露果蝇的存活率,、Cr、Mn、Ni、V和Co无明显作用,Cu可使果蝇存活率下降.、zn、Fe、Sn、Si、Mo、Cu和Ni能显著增加HSP70含量.结论某些微量元素可提高机体热适应能力,其作用机理可能与HSP70合成增加有关.     

林蛙油软胶囊抗疲劳作用的试验研究

目的探讨林蛙油软胶囊对小鼠的抗疲劳作用。方法每天以0.51、.0、2.0 g/(kg.bw)低、中、高3个剂量分别给3组小鼠灌胃,各剂量组以蒸馏水稀释,蒸馏水作空白对照,各剂量组小鼠每天灌胃量为0.02 ml/(g.bw),连续灌胃30 d。测定小鼠负重游泳时间、小鼠游泳后及游泳后休息30 min血清尿素氮、血乳酸值。结果高、中剂量组小鼠游泳时间为(9.45±5.90)min和(8.89±4.99)min,均长于空白对照组[(4.99±3.13)min](P<0.05),说明高、中剂量组林蛙油软胶囊能延长小鼠负重游泳时间;高剂量组的血清尿素氮[(9.17±2.15)mmol/L]显著低于空白对照组[(13.80±2.01)mmol/L](P<0.01),说明其具有抑制小鼠游泳后血清尿素氮升高的作用;中剂量组小鼠游泳后的血乳酸升高值[(0.78±0.25)mmol/L]显著低于空白对照组[(1.26±0.54)mmol/L](P<0.05),说明林蛙油软胶囊能减少小鼠游泳时血乳酸的产生。结论林蛙油软胶囊对小鼠具有一定的抗疲劳作用。     

蝎毒放射增敏、热增敏研究

目的 :探讨蝎毒对放疗、热疗有无增敏性及作用机制。材料与方法 :将Lewis肺癌接种在NIH小鼠右后肢大腿皮下 ,当肿瘤平均直径达 6mm时 ,观察对照组 (NS)、蝎毒组 (0 .6mg/kg)、热疗组 (43℃ 2 5min)、放疗组 (4GY)、蝎毒 热疗组、蝎毒 放疗组、热疗 放疗组、蝎毒 热疗 放疗组肿瘤倍增时间 (MDDT)、生存时间 (AET)、病理改变和细胞凋亡情况。结果 :蝎毒组、热疗组、放疗组的MDDT分别为 (11.5 0± 0 .38)d、(12 .70± 0 .41)d和(13.70± 0 .42 )d ,蝎毒 热疗组、蝎毒 放疗组、蝎毒 热疗 放疗组的MDDT为 (13.90± 0 .42 )d、(16 .10±0 .5 3)d和 (2 0 .30± 0 .82 )d ,各治疗组皆可导致荷瘤小鼠生存期的延长。病理观察各组治疗均可引起肿瘤组织的坏死 ,以蝎毒 热疗 放疗组效果最好。电镜下观察 :各治疗组均可诱发细胞凋亡 ,以联合治疗组最为突出。结论 :蝎毒不仅有抗肿瘤作用 ,并对放疗、热疗有增敏作用 ,是通过诱发细胞凋亡来杀伤肿瘤组织的     

Heat illness in the U.S. mining industry

BACKGROUND: Heat illness is relatively common in the underground metalliferous mines of South Africa and Australia. Little is known about heat illness in other forms of mining and there have been no studies of heat illness in the US mining industry. METHODS: Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) accident, injury, illness, and employment data were used to study heat illness reported by the US mining industry from January 1, 1983 to December 31, 2001. RESULTS: Five hundred thirty eight cases of heat illness were reported. None of these cases were fatal. Four hundred twenty seven cases (79.4%) occurred in the summer months of June, July, and August. Incidence rates of heat illness in underground mining ranged from 0.00275/10(6) person-hours for coal, to 0.168/10(6) person-hours for metal, rate-ratio = 61.1 (P < 0.001). Incidence rates in surface mining ranged from 0.0265/10(6) person-hours for coal, to 0.0644/10(6) person-hours for stone, rate-ratio = 2.43 (P < 0.001). Incidence rates in mills/preparation plants ranged from 0.0255/10(6) person-hours for coal, to 0.417/10(6) person-hours for stone, rate-ratio = 16.4 (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Heat illness occurs most frequently in stone mills, metal mills, and underground metal mines. Preventive measures should target the summer months of June, July, and August.     

沙漠干热环境徒手应激行军对人体热休克蛋白27的影响

为探讨沙漠干热徒手应激行军人体内热休克蛋白２７（ＨＳＰ２７）的变化规律,对在沙漠干热环境中以不同速度和时间徒手行军的５９名战士和１４名对照组的ＨＳＰ２７进行了研究。结果发现,不论是以３．５还是５．０ｋｍ／ｈ徒手应激行军,各不同行军时间组ＨＳＰ２７明显增高（Ｐ＜０．０１）,相同行军时间不同行军速度组和同速度不同时间组之间的ＨＳＰ２７均无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。随行军速度（应激强度）增加,同一行军时间者血浆ＨＳＰ２７均略增高,行军小时１小时ＨＳＰ２７最高,之后略下降,２小时后变化不大,行军３小时与行军２小时基本处于同一水平。     

The physiological strain incurred during electrical utilities work over consecutive work shifts in hot environments: A case report

Purpose: In this article, we evaluated physiological strain in electrical utilities workers during consecutive work shifts in hot outdoor conditions.

Methods: Four highly experienced electrical utilities workers were monitored during regularly scheduled work performed in hot conditions (～34°C) on two consecutive days. Worker hydration (urine specific gravity) was assessed prior to and following work. The level of physical exertion was determined by video analysis. Body core temperature (T_core) and heart rate (HR; presented as a percentage of maximum, %HR_max) were monitored continuously. Responses were reported for each worker individually and as a group mean ± standard deviation.

Results: According to current guidelines, all workers were dehydrated prior to work on both days (urine specific gravity: day 1, 1.025 ± 0.005; day 2, 1.029 ± 0.004) and remained dehydrated following work (urine specific gravity: day 1, 1.027 ± 0.015; day 2, 1.032 ± 0.004) except for one worker on day 1 (urine specific gravity of 1.005). On day 1, the proportion of the work shift spent at rest (as defined by the American Conference for Governmental and Industrial Hygienists, ACGIH) was 51 ± 15% (range: 30–64%). Time spent resting increased in all workers on the second day reaching 66 ± 5% (range: 60–71%) of the work shift. Work shift average T_core was 37.6 ± 0.1°C (range: 37.5–37.7°C) and 37.7 ± 0.2°C (range: 37.5–37.9°C) on days 1 and 2, respectively. Peak T_core surpassed the ACGIH recommended threshold limit of 38.0°C for work in the heat in three workers on day 1 (38.1 ± 0.2°C, range: 37.8–38.2°C) while all workers exceeded this threshold on day 2 (38.4 ± 0.2°C, range: 38.2–38.7°C). By contrast, work shift average (day 1, 67 ± 7%HR_max, range: 59–74%HR_max; day 2, 65 ± 4%HR_max, range: 60–70%HR_max) and peak (day 1, 90 ± 6%HR_max, range: 83–98%HR_max; day 2, 87 ± 10%HR_max, range: 73–97%HR_max) HR were similar between days.

Conclusion: This case report demonstrates elevations in thermal strain over consecutive work shifts despite decreases in work effort in electrical utilities workers during regular work in the heat.     

中药复方对热应激大鼠的抗热效果

目的 研制中暑防治新型中药复方及其效果评价。方法Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组和给药组,观察在高温条件下(仓温:38℃、RH:80％)中药复方对大鼠肛温、心电图、血浆LDH水平的影响及其抗疲劳作用。结果热暴露1 h后,大鼠1 d和3 d给药组肛温与各自的对照组比较,升高幅度分别降低17％和13％(P<0.05);1 d和3 d对照组的大鼠心率分别为(530±52)b·min-1和(576±23)b·min-1,显著高于正常组[(465±19)b·min-1,P<0.05],而1 d和3 d给药组分别为(506±21)b·min-1和(523±27)b·min-1,与正常组无显著性差异。给药组心电图R波幅,与各自的对照组都有显著性差异(P<0.05)。但1 d和3d给药组之间在肛温、心率、R波幅均无显著性差异。热暴露后,对照组血清LDH活力升高75.6％(P<0.05),药物组升高15.2％(P>0.05);抗疲劳试验表明,药物组比对照组大鼠游泳时间提高3.85倍(P<0.01)。结论本抗热中药复方可以显著增强大鼠热耐受能力,减轻机体热损伤,并提高运动能力。     

Analysis of Heat Illness using Michigan Emergency Department Syndromic Surveillance

Objective

The purpose of this work was to conduct an enhanced analysis of heat illness during a heat wave using Michigan’s Emergency Department Syndromic Surveillance System (MSSS) that could be provided to Public Health and Preparedness Stakeholders for situational awareness.

Introduction

The MSSS, described elsewhere (1), has been in use since 2003 and records Emergency Department (ED) chief complaint data along with the patient’s age, gender and zip code in real time. There were 85/139 hospital EDs enrolled in MSSS as of June 2012, capturing 77% of the annual hospital ED visits in Michigan. The MSSS is used routinely during the influenza season for situational awareness and is monitored throughout the year for aberrations that may indicate an outbreak, emerging disease or act of bioterrorism. The system has also been used to identify heat-related illnesses during periods of extreme heat. Very young children, the elderly, and people with mental illness and chronic diseases are at the highest risk of preventable heat-related illnesses including sunburn, heat exhaustion, heat stroke and/or death (2). During a heat wave in the summer of 2012, data was reviewed on an ad hoc basis to monitor potential increases in heat-related ED visits.

Methods

MSSS ED visits were queried to identify those with the primary complaints of: “heat”, “sun”, or “dehydration” including word derivatives and misspellings. The query excluded terms and misspellings such as “Sunday”, “heater”, and “heatlh”. Daily maximum temperatures for four major cities in Michigan were tracked using measures from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Weather Service (3). Multiple analyses were performed. For this abstract, ED data from a 10-day period of sustained above normal temperatures are presented with data from the prior 10-day period used as reference.Visits were categorized into 1 of 3 syndromes based on the chief complaint: sun-associated, heat-associated, and dehydration. Gender, age group, and syndrome for the period of interest were compared to the reference period. Heat-related visits during the period of extreme heat were also analyzed by Michigan Public Health Preparedness Region.

Results

During the period of June 28–July 7, 2012 the South and Central regions of Michigan sustained maximum daily temperatures surpassing 90°F with maximum temperatures at or above 100°F on at least 2 days. Among the cities reviewed, a total of 9 high temperature records were set or tied during that period. The number of heat-related ED visits reported into MSSS increased compared to the previous period of June 18–June 27, 2012. Heat-associated ED visits such as heat exhaustion and heat stroke were more frequent than the reference period, 30.0% vs. 13.7% (p<0.0001). Sun-associated ED visits such as sunburn were lower compared to the reference period, 17.3% vs. 23.8% (p=0.01). Dehydration complaints were elevated among those 20-29 years of age, 17.7% vs. 10.0% (p=0.01). While the proportion of ED visits due to heat-related complaints was highest in the Central and Northwestern areas of the state, increases were observed in all regions of Michigan.On July 6, 2012 an initial analysis summary was issued via the Michigan Health Alert Network (MIHAN) to provide situational awareness related to a concurrent heat advisory for much of the state. By July 23, 2012 MDCH issued a media release reporting this increase in heat-related ED visits.

Conclusions

Although cases used in the analysis may not represent all potential cases of heat-related illness and also may represent non-heat-related illnesses, ED data are useful in describing trends in illness presentations over time. As the MSSS covers a large proportion of Michigan’s population, the data from the MSSS can be stratified by type of heat-related injury, age group, and region, providing detailed situational awareness to public health stakeholders. This type of in-depth analysis further contributes to our knowledge of heat events and allows public health to relay important information regarding the severity of the situation and information about groups at risk for illness.     

Heat exposure in the Canadian workplace

Exposure to excessive heat is a physical hazard that threatens Canadian workers. As patterns of global climate change suggest an increased frequency of heat waves, the potential impact of these extreme climate events on the health and well‐being of the Canadian workforce is a new and growing challenge. Increasingly, industries rely on available technology and information to ensure the safety of their workers. Current Canadian labor codes in all provinces employ the guidelines recommended by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) that are Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) based upon Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT). The TLVs are set so that core body temperature of the workers supposedly does not exceed 38.0°C. Legislation in most Canadian provinces also requires employers to install engineering and administrative controls to reduce the heat stress risk of their working environment should it exceed the levels permissible under the WBGT system. There are however severe limitations using the WGBT system because it only directly evaluates the environmental parameters and merely incorporates personal factors such as clothing insulation and metabolic heat production through simple correction factors for broadly generalized groups. An improved awareness of the strengths and limitations of TLVs and the WGBT index can minimize preventable measurement errors and improve their utilization in workplaces. Work is on‐going, particularly in the European Union to develop an improved individualized heat stress risk assessment tool. More work is required to improve the predictive capacity of these indices. Am. J. Ind. Med. 53:842–853, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

大覆盖面积囊式抗荷服的热负荷

目的研究2种飞行员大覆盖面积囊式抗荷服及其配套装备的热负荷，为确定新型抗荷服囊覆盖下肢体表面积提供生理依据。方法采用暖体假人测定2组装备热阻值（It）；6名受试者分别配穿囊覆盖下肢体表面积80％组和60％组装备，在26℃、35℃和40℃3种温度环境中90min，测量受试者的心率、皮肤温度、核心温度和出汗量，利用综合热应激指数（CIHS）评价受试者的热应激程度，并测量装备蒸发散热指数（im）。结果80％组和60％组装备热阻值（It）分别为1．815clo和1．740clo。蒸发散热指数（im）分别为0．39±0．04和0．41±0．04，差异无显著性。受试者配穿80％组和60％组服装．在35cc时综合热应激指数（CIHS）分别为4．51±0．51和3．92±0．51，前者为中度热应激，而后者为轻度热应激，差异有显著性（P〈0．05）；在40℃时，综合热应激指数（CIHS）分别为8．79±0．73和8．14±0．91，均属重度热应激，差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论当环境温度较高时，人体配穿80％组装备时会遭受更加严重的热负荷。     

Occupational heat illness in Washington State, 1995-2005

BACKGROUND: Little information exists describing the incidence of heat-related illness (HRI) among non-military working populations. An analysis of HRI cases utilizing workers' compensation data has not been previously reported. METHODS: We used both ICD-9 and ANSI Z16.2 codes with subsequent medical record review to identify accepted Washington State Fund workers' compensation claims for HRI over the 11-year time period from 1995-2005. RESULTS: There were 480 Washington workers' compensation claims for HRI during the 11-year study period. NAICS industries with the highest workers' compensation HRI average annual claims incidence rate were Fire Protection 80.8/100,000 FTE, Roofing Construction 59.0/100,000 FTE, and Highway, Bridge and Street Construction 44.8/100,000 FTE. HRI claims were associated with high outdoor ambient temperatures. Medical risk factors for HRI were present in some cases. CONCLUSIONS: HRI cases occur in employed populations. HRI rates vary by industry and are comparable to those previously published for the mining industry.