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1.
目的检测广东粤北地区瑶族人群载脂蛋白E(apoE)基因多态性并探讨其与血脂代谢的关系。方法采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性方法(PCR-RFLP)对750例23~80岁广东粤北地区瑶族人群进行apoE基因多态性检测,分析瑶族人群apoE基因频率分布特点,并比较分析不同apoE基因型与血脂水平的关系。结果共检测瑶族apoE6种基因型,以E3/3型最常见,占61.47%,其次E3/4型,占23.07%,E2/3、E2/4、E4/4、E2/24种基因型分别占11.87%、1.73%、1.07%、0.8%;apoE有3种等位基因,以ε3分布频率最高,为81.4%,其次是ε4,分布的频率为9.6%,ε2分布频率最低,为9.0%;男性和女性apoE基因型分布无差异;ε4等位基因携带者的TG、TC、LDL、apoB水平显著高于E2携带者和ε3携带者(P〈0.05)。结论apoE基因多态性影响广东粤北地区瑶族人群的血脂代谢,apoEε4等位基因携带者的TG、TC、TC、LDL、apoB水平较高,推测ε4等位基因可能是瑶族人群患高脂血症的危险因素之一。  相似文献   

2.
目的检测并分析保定市中老年人群中载脂蛋白E(apoE)基因多态性,探讨apoE基因多态性与脑梗死遗传易感性的关系。方法采用聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR—RFLP)技术,分析92例脑梗死患者和86例健康对照者apoE的3种等位基因ε2、ε3、ε4,做基因频率和基因型多态性分析。结果健康人群组apoE基因呈多态性,有6种基因型,即3种纯合子(ε2/2、ε3/3、ε4/4)和3种杂合子(ε2/3、ε3/4、ε2/4)。健康人群组apoE3种等位基因的基因频率分别为:ε25.8%、ε387.2%、ε47.0%;apoE基因型频率数为ε2/20、ε3/375.5%、ε4/41.2%、ε2/310.5%、ε2/42.3%、ε3/410.5%。脑梗死组apoE等位基因频率:ε24.3%、ε369.6%、ε426.1%;基因型频数:ε2/23%、ε3/342.3%、ε4/410.8%、ε2/311.9%、ε2/42%、ε3/430%。与健康人群组比较,脑梗死组ε3/3基因型频率较健康组明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05),ε4/4、ε3/4基因型频率较健康组明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05),ε2/2、ε2/3、ε2/4基因型频率较健康组差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。与健康组比较,脑梗死组ε3等位基因频率明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05),ε4等位基因频率明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05),ε2等位基因频率较健康组差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。结论保定市健康人群组apoEe3基因出现率最高,ε2和ε4频率较低,以ε3/3基因型最多,而ε2/2、ε4/4相对较少,脑梗死患者中ε3/3、ε2/3基因型频率较低,ε3对脑梗死可能具有保护作用。ε4等位基因频率在脑梗死患者中增高,ε4可能是脑梗死的易感因素和风险因素。  相似文献   

3.
脑梗死患者载脂蛋白E基因多态性特点研究   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
目的研究栽脂蛋白E基因多态性与脑梗死的关系及不同等位基因型血脂水平的特点。方法采用病例对照的方法,比较脑梗死组和正常对照组栽脂蛋白E基因型和基因频率,检测不同基因型患者总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)水平。结果ε3/3为常见基因型,82/4、ε4/4和ε2/2为少见基因型;ε4等住基因频度脑梗死组(10%)明显高于正常对照组(4.6%)(P〈0.05);正常对照组中含有82型者的TG、LDL明显低于83、84型(均为P〈0.05);脑梗死组含有83型者TG水平均明显低于84型,而82型HDL水平则显著高于84型(均为P〈0.05)。结论栽脂蛋白E的84等位基因是引发脑梗死的危险基因型,其可能机制是通过调控载脂蛋白E导致脂代谢紊乱而起作用的。  相似文献   

4.
毛球标本在人类基因型研究中的应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的 探讨毛球微量标本在人类基因型研究中的价值。方法 对463名健康人采用多重放大受阻突变系统聚合酶链反应技术(multi—ARMS PCR)进行载脂蛋白E(apoE)基因分型,对20名健康人采用三色荧光标记引物复合扩增短串联重复序列(STR)技术,进行人类基因组的9个STR位点分析,并对两种标本的检测结果进行分析对比。结果 同一个体毛球标本和全血标本apoE基因型检测结果完全一致,9个STR位点多态性结果也完全一致。运用multi—ARMS PCR技术检测apoE基因型,频率分别为ε3/368.9%,ε3/215.8%,ε4/312.1%,ε4/21.7%,ε4/40.9%,ε2/20.6%。ε2、ε3、ε4等位基因频率分别为9.4%、82.8%和7.8%。结论 人头发的毛球标本易采集、易保存,为临床检测基因型和基因分析的较好标本。  相似文献   

5.
中国汉族载脂蛋白E基因多态性与高血压的关系   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
目的 以中国汉族为对象研究载脂蛋白E(apoE)基因多态性与高血压间的关系。方法 选择临床诊断原发性高血压120例,及同期无心血管系统病史体检者120例为对照组。采用聚合酶链反应及限制性酶切技术来分析鉴别apoE基因第四外显子中含多态位点的DNA片断。结果 高血压组E3/4基因型频率为17.5%,对照组E3/4基因型频率为7.5%,高血压组E3/4基因型频率高于对照组E3/4基因型频率(r=5.67,P&;lt;0.05);高血压组E4等位基因频率为16.2%,对照组E4等位基因频率为为10.6%,高血压组E4等位基因频率高于对照组E4等位基因频率(x^2=5.46,P&;lt;0.05),高血压组E4等位基因频率明显高于对照组。结论 apoE的E3/4基因型及E4等位基因与高血压有关系.  相似文献   

6.
背景:载脂蛋白E基因多态性与阿尔茨海默病发病有关,多数学者报告载脂蛋白Eε4等位基因与家族性阿尔茨海默病和散发性阿尔茨海默病有关。目的:验证乌鲁木齐市老年人群中散发性阿尔茨海默病与载脂蛋白E基因多态性的关系,并分析载脂蛋白E基因对散发性阿尔茨海默病发病风险的预测价值。设计:病例-对照实验。单位:解放军兰州军区乌鲁木齐总医院临床医学研究所和神经内科。对象:选择2001-01/2003-01解放军兰州军区乌鲁木齐总医院神经内科住院或门诊以及老年公寓筛查阿尔茨海默病患者60例,男28例,女32例;年龄52~91岁,平均(74.2-19.5)岁;受教育时间0-16年,平均4.43年,其中文盲28例,小学13例,初中12例,高中4例,大学3例。选择2002-02/12新疆地区无血缘关系的健康查体人群90例为对照组。男59例,女31例;年龄50~101岁,平均(69.9&;#177;25.5)岁;受教育时间0~16年。平均7.96年,其中文盲14例,小学23例,初中25例,高中21例,大学7例。参与者均知情同意。方法:抽取5mL全血,乙二胺四乙酸抗凝后采用苯酚-氯仿法自外周血白细胞中提取基因组DNA。应用聚合酶链反应扩增载脂蛋白E基因第4外显子中含多态性位点的DNA片段,Hha Ⅰ限制性内切酶切后进行电泳。银染色后分析阿尔茨海默病组和对照组载脂蛋白E各等位基因、基因型的频率。主要观察指标:①阿尔茨海默病组和对照组基因型和等位基因频率。②阿尔茨海默病组和对照组不同性别、年龄、受教育程度的载脂蛋白Eε4等位基因频率。结果:参加试验阿尔茨海默病患者60例、健康对照组90例,均进入结果分析。①阿尔茨海默病组ε3/ε4,ε4/ε4基因型频率高于对照组(26.67%,11.11%;3.33%,1.11%,P〈0.05)。ε2/ε3基因型频率低于对照组(5.00%,14.00%,P〈0.05)。②载脂蛋白Eε4等位基因在阿尔茨海默病组中出现的频率高于对照组(17.50%,7.22%,P〈0.05),载脂蛋白Eε2等位基因低于对照组(6.67%,13.33%,P〈0.05)。③阿尔茨海默病组女性B4等位基因频率明显高于对照组(20.97%,5.00%,P〈0.01)。④阿尔茨海默病组中≥75岁患者ε4频率低于〈75岁患者(8.57%,30.00%,〈0.01),而且阿尔茨海默病组〈75岁患者ε4频率明显高于对照组(30.00%,7.02%,P(0.01)。⑤阿尔茨海默病组中文盲和小学程度患者ε4等位基因频率明显高于对照组(10.00%,0.56%,P〈0.001;5.00%,1.12%,P〈0.01)。结论:①本组结果也验证了载脂蛋白Eε4等位基因与乌鲁木齐散发性阿尔茨海默病有明显相关性,其基因型以ε3/ε4为主。②ε2等位基因在阿尔茨海默病发生时具有一定保护作用。③女性、75岁以下、低教育程度、载脂蛋白Eε4等位基因携带者具有更高的阿尔茨海默病发病风险性。  相似文献   

7.
目的:研究载脂蛋白E(apoE)基因和脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)基因多态性与冠心病的关系。方法:选择80例冠心病患者(CHD组),对照组为60例健康人,通过聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性测定apoE基因和LPL基因多态性。结果:CHD组携带E3/4基因型较对照组增高,对照组携带E3/3较CHD组增高(P<0.05)。E4等位基因频率分布CHD组明显高于对照组(P<0.05);LPL基因型分布和等位基因频率在CHD组和对照组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。apoE和LPL基因多态性与冠脉病变严重程度无相关性。apoE和LPL两基因联合比较发现,携带E4等位基因与否的不同LPL基因型在CHD组和对照组间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:apoEE4等位基因可能是冠心病的遗传易感因子;LPL基因型与冠心病发病无显著关联,apoE和LPL基因型在冠心病发病中无明显相互作用。  相似文献   

8.
目的分析载脂蛋白E(APOE)基因多态性是否与散发性阿尔茨海默病(AD)存在关联;探讨APOE基因多态性对血脂、脂蛋白代谢的影响及在AD发病中的作用。方法运用多重引物等位特异PCR法检测77例散发性AD患者和158例非痴呆(ND)对照组中APOE基因型和等位基因频率;简易智能精神状态检查量表对AD研究对象进行评分,并测定血浆中的TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C,apoE,apoA和apoB的浓度。结果①AD和ND组携带ε4的基因型频率分别为20.8%和9.5%,两组差别有统计学意义(X^2=5.758,P=0.016,OR=2.501,95%CI为1.163-5.376);APOEε4等位基因频率AD组(11.7%)高于ND对照组(5.1%),差异具有统计学意义(X^2=6.772,P=0.009)。②AD组血浆TC,HDL-C,LDL-C,apoE,apoB水平均明显低于ND组(P均等于0.000);血浆TG和apoA水平在两组中差异无统计学意义;APOEε2,ε3和ε4组间血浆TC,TG和HDL-C水平差异有统计学意义;与ε3相比,ε4使TC和HDL-C水平降低,TG水平升高,ε2则使TC和TG水平降低,HDL-C水平升高,提示APOE基因型调控血脂的代谢。③校正年龄、性别后,APOEε4等位基因是AD发生的危险因素(OR=3.990,95%CI为1.527-10.425,P=0.005);HDL-C则是AD的保护因素(OR=0.062,95%CI为0.014-0.270,P=0.000);携带APOEε4的基因型与HDL-C无交互作用(HDL-C * genotype P=0.596)。结论APOEε4等位基因,HDL-C与散发性AD有关联,APOEε4可能是散发性AD发病的危险因素,并建议把APOEε4和HDL-C等作为散发性AD的生物标记。  相似文献   

9.
目的 探讨载脂蛋白E(apoE)基因多态性与早期脑梗塞复发的关系。方法 将年龄55-75岁之间脑梗塞患分为早期复发性脑梗塞与普通脑梗塞,和对照组三组分别以聚合酶链反应限制性片段长度分析法(PCR-RFLP)检测apoE基因型。结果 对照组apoE基因型以ε3/3最多,其次ε2/3,二组脑梗塞也以ε3/3最多,其次为ε3/4。二组病例ε3/4基因型、ε4等位基因频率均显高于对照组,尤以早期复发性脑梗塞组为突出,且其ε4等位基因频率明显高于普通脑梗塞组。结论 ApoEε4基因是脑梗塞的危险因素,并与脑梗塞早期复发有关。  相似文献   

10.
载脂蛋白E(apolipoproteinE、apoE)是血浆主要载脂蛋白之一,具有明显的遗传多态性,3种常见的等位基因(ε2、ε3、ε4)分别编码3种主要异构体(E2、E3、E4),产生6种不同的基因型(ε2/ε2、ε2/ε3、ε2/ε4、ε3/ε3、ε3/ε4、ε4/ε4)。apoE基因多态性不仅是心血管疾病的一种重要易患因素,而且与Alzheimer病密切相关。目前国内外检测apoE基因多态性  相似文献   

11.
This is a new method for the determination of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity in serum. The method uses direct activity measurement of creatine kinase B subunit activity after blocking of CK-M subunit activity by inhibiting antibodies. The test takes no longer than 15 min. The method yields an intra-serial C.V. of 2.0-12.9%, and a C.V. from day to day of 5.5%. The detection limit is 3.4 U/l creatine kinase MB. In the 95 cases with proven myocardial infarction several types of creatine kinase MB activity kinetics could be determined. The percentage of creatine kinase MB of peak CK-total is 6-25%, with a mean of 11.1%. The amount of creatine kinase MB with respect to total CK activity after reinfarction is higher than the amount after initial infarction.  相似文献   

12.
目的 探讨俯卧位通气对高海拔地区肺复张术(RM)治疗无效急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)患者的治疗作用.方法 从海拔2260m的地区医院筛选RM治疗无效的41例ARDS患者[平均氧合指数( PaO2/FiO2)较RM前升高<20%视为RM无效],依不同病因分为肺内源性ARDS组(ARDSp组)和肺外源性ARDS组(ARDSexp组),每组再按信封法随机分为俯卧位组和仰卧位组,即ARDSp俯卧位组(11例)、ARDSp仰卧位组(9例)、ARDSexp俯卧位组(10例)、ARDSexp仰卧位组(11例).在通气前及通气1、2、3、4h监测动脉血氧分压( PaO2)、PaO2/FiO2、静态顺应性(Cst)、气道阻力(Raw)的变化.结果 通气lh时,ARDSexp俯卧位组PaO2/FiO2( mm Hg,l mm Hg=0.133 kPa)即较通气前显著升高(157.4±40.6比129.3±48.7,P<0.05),并随通气时间延长呈持续增高趋势,4h达峰值(219.1 ±41.1);且ARDSexp俯卧位组通气3h内PaO2/FiO2较其他3组显著增高,另3组间则差异无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组、ARDSexp俯卧位组通气4h时PaO2/FiO2均较相应仰卧位组显著增高(208.8±39.7比127.4±47.1,219.1±41.1比124.9±50.8,均P<0.05).4组通气前后Cst无显著改变,各组间差异也无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组通气4h时Raw(cmH2O·L-1·s-1)较通气前显著降低(6.8±1.7比10.7±1.8,P<0.05),且明显低于其他3组;其他3组各时间点Raw组内及组间比较差异均无统计学意义.结论 俯卧位通气作为ARDS机械通气重要策略之一,可以改善RM无效高原ARDS患者的氧合,为抢救患者赢得宝贵的时间.  相似文献   

13.
The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) in the USA operates a network of 172 medical centres which all utilize a hospital information system (HIS) which has been developed and is currently maintained by the VA. During the past several years, an image management and communication module has been developed, installed and clinically utilized at the Washington DC and Maryland VA Medical Centres. This image management and communication system, referred to as the decentralized hospital computer program (DHCP) imaging system, is fully integrated with a commercial picture archiving and communication system (PACS). The system is utilized to capture, archive, and display all images generated within the hospital including radiology, nuclear medicine, pathology, endoscopy, bronchoscopy, and dermatology, intraoperative photographs, ECG data, and a limited number of paper documents. The ultimate goal of the project is to have all patient text and image data available at any clinical workstation to any authorized user anywhere within the network of medical centres. Clinical requirements for an imaging workstation include ease of use, rapid and reliable access to the complete set of patient information, and images which are of acceptable quality to meet the requirements of the user and the subspecialty. Patient confidentiality and data security must be safeguarded at all times. Integration of the images with the remainder of the patient's database was found to be critical to the success of the project. The experience at the Washington and Maryland facilities suggests that an imaging system that is successfully integrated with a hospital information system can provide substantial clinical and economic benefits both within and among medical centres. Clinical acceptance and utilization of the system has been excellent, particularly in diagnostic radiology where DHCP Imaging has been interfaced to a commercial PAC system. Based upon this initial experience, the VA has begun to deploy the system throughout its large network of medical centres.  相似文献   

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Myocardial elastography is a novel method for noninvasively assessing regional myocardial function, with the advantages of high spatial and temporal resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In this paper, in-vivo experiments were performed in anesthetized normal and infarcted mice (one day after left anterior descending coronary artery [LAD] ligation) using a high-resolution (30 MHz) ultrasound system (Vevo 770, VisualSonics Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada). Radiofrequency (RF) signals of the left ventricle (LV) in longitudinal (long-axis) view and the associated electrocardiogram (ECG) were simultaneously acquired. Using a retrospective ECG gating technique, 2-D full field-of-view RF frames were acquired at an extremely high frame rate (8 kHz) that resulted in high-quality incremental displacement and strain estimation of the myocardium. The incremental results were further accumulated to obtain the cumulative displacements and strains. Two-dimensional and M-mode displacement images and strain images (elastograms), as well as displacement and strain profiles as a function of time, were compared between normal and infarcted mice. Incremental results clearly depicted cardiac events including LV contraction, LV relaxation and isovolumetric phases in both normal and infarcted mice, and also evidently indicated reduced motion and deformation in the infarcted myocardium. The elastograms indicated that the infarcted regions underwent thinning during systole rather than thickening, as in the normal case. The cumulative elastograms were found to have higher elastographic SNR (SNR(e)) than the incremental elastograms (e.g., 10.6 vs. 4.7 in a normal myocardium, and 6.0 vs. 2.4 in an infarcted myocardium). Finally, preliminary statistical results from nine normal (m = 9) and seven infarcted (n = 7) mice indicated the capability of the cumulative strain in differentiating infracted from normal myocardia. In conclusion, myocardial elastography could provide regional strain information at simultaneously high temporal (>/=0.125 ms) and spatial ( approximately 55 microm) resolution as well as high precision ( approximately 0.05 microm displacement). This technique was thus capable of accurately characterizing normal myocardial function throughout an entire cardiac cycle, at the same high resolution, and detecting and localizing myocardial infarction in vivo.  相似文献   

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目的 探讨手转胎头术失败的原因与分娩结局.方法 选择2008年1月至2010年12月于我院住院分娩的持续性枕横位、枕后位产妇198例,根据行手转胎头术后结果分为成功组126例、失败组72例.比较两组分娩结局,对比分析失败原因.结果 失败组胎儿体质量≥3500 g的发生率[76.4%(55/72)]明显高于成功组[31.7%(40/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=30.177,P=0.001)、失败组宫缩乏力发生率[58.3%(42/72)]高于成功组[38.1% (48/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=7.569,P=0.006)、失败组骨盆临界或轻度狭窄发生率[38.9% (28/72)]高于成功组[23.8%(30/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2 =5.030,P=0.002)、失败组手转胎头时机不当(宫口开大<6 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘上及宫口开大8~10 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘下≥2 cm)发生率[61.1%(44/72)]高于成功组[38.9%(49/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=9.084,P=0.003).失败组母儿并发症(产后出血、产褥病率、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息)发生率高于成功组(x2 =9.586,P=0.002、x2=9.334,P=0.002、x2=5.910,P=0.015、x2=5.240,P=0.022)、失败组剖宫产发生率[72.2%(52/72)]明显高于成功组[34.1 %(43/126),x2=26.641,P=0.001)].结论 手转胎头术能使难产变顺产,降低剖宫产率,减少母儿并发症,但须积极预防、处理导致手转胎头术失败的原因,对矫正失败后继续矫正及试产应慎重.  相似文献   

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Morphine, the most widely used mu-opioid analgesic for acute and chronic pain, is the standard against which new analgesics are measured. A thorough understanding of the pharmacokinetics of morphine is required in order to safely and effectively use this analgesic in a wide variety of patients with different levels of organ function. A MEDLINE search was conducted to identify literature published between 1966 and January 2002 relevant to the pharmacokinetics of morphine. These publications were reviewed and the literature summarized regarding unique and clinically important elements of morphine disposition relative to its parenteral administration (including intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, epidural and intrathecal administration), absorption profile (immediate release, controlled release, and sublingual/buccal, and rectal administration), distribution, and its metabolism/ excretion. Special populations, including infants, elderly, and those with renal/liver failure, have a unique morphine pharmacokinetic profile that must be taken into account in order to maximize analgesic efficacy and reduce the risk of adverse events.  相似文献   

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ZusammenfassungFragestellung Es wurde geprüft, wie sich der Differenziertheitsgrad zweier Schmerzmessmethoden auf Angaben zur Ausgedehntheit klinischer Schmerzen auswirkt. Zugleich wurde der Referenzzeitraum variiert, über den die Patienten berichten sollten.Methode Erfasst wurde der Einfluss zu Lasten der Befragungsdifferenziertheit durch den Vergleich zweier Körperschema-Bildvorlagen. Drei Referenzzeiträume (Schmerz aktuell, letzte Woche, letztes halbes Jahr) wurden vorgegeben.Ergebnisse Patienten mit ausgedehnten Schmerzen gaben bei differenzierter Befragung um so mehr Schmerzen an, je weiter die Schmerzen zurück lagen und je größer der Berichtszeitraum war. Patienten mit gelenknahen Schmerzen gaben bei hoch differenzierter Befragung weniger ausgedehnte Schmerzen in der Vergangenheit an als bei globaler Einschätzung. Patienten mit Rückenschmerzen berichteten bei differenzierter Befragung zum aktuellen Schmerz über weniger ausgedehnte Schmerzen als bei globaler Befragung.Schlussfolgerung Die Angaben zur Schmerzausdehnung variieren vor allem bei Patienten mit ausgedehnten Schmerzen in Abhängigkeit von der Differenziertheit der Befragung. In diesen Fällen ist die Wahrscheinlichkeit erhöht, dass sich die Beschwerdesymptomatik zumindest teilweise erst in der Reaktion auf die situativen Befragungsbedingungen konstituiert und daher nicht auf andere Befragungsbedingungen generalisiert werden kann.  相似文献   

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