Laparoscopic parastomal herniorrhaphy utilizing transversus abdominis release and a modified Sugarbaker technique: A case report

A 69-year-old woman was referred to our department with complaints of abdominal discomfort in the standing position. She had undergone robot-assisted radical cystectomy and ileal conduit urinary diversion for bladder cancer 10 months earlier. Abdominal CT revealed a parastomal hernia. Laparoscopic parastomal hernia repair using the Pauli technique was performed successfully with no recurrence after a 4-month follow-up. Although there are concerns about potential mesh-related complications and long-term results, this novel approach can be a successful option for parastomal hernia repair. As far as we know, this is the first English-language report on the application of Pauli parastomal hernia repair combined with a pure laparoscopic approach.     

Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for metachronous ascending colon cancer with preservation of an ileal conduit constructed after previous radical cystectomy for bladder cancer

A 79‐year‐old woman who had undergone laparoscopic radical cystectomy and ileal conduit construction for bladder cancer 4 years earlier presented to our hospital with anemia. We diagnosed advanced ascending colon cancer (cT4bN2M1) and documented tumor regression after six courses of folinic acid, 5‐fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin therapy. We then performed laparoscopic right hemicolectomy. Intraoperatively, we found that the right colic artery was the feeding artery of the tumor, whereas the ileocolic artery, which was the main feeder of the conduit, was not. We performed lymph node dissection along the surgical trunk with central vascular ligation of the right colic artery and the right branch of the middle colic artery while preserving the ileal conduit and its blood supply (ileocolic artery and ileal branches). The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient remains well and cancer‐free 2 years after colonic surgery. We believe that this is the first report of laparoscopic right colectomy in a patient with an ileal conduit.     

手助腹腔镜根治性膀胱切除术（附31例报告）

目的探讨手助腹腔镜根治性膀胱切除术的临床应用价值。方法采用手助腹腔镜行根治性膀胱切除术31例,其中利用手助操作通道的切口行回肠膀胱术24例,原位回肠新膀胱术7例;并观察围手术期的恢复情况及近期疗效。结果31例手助腹腔镜下根治性膀胱切除均获成功,手术时间245-530min,平均365．7min出血量100-500ml,平均250．9ml。其中3例需输血,输血率为9．7％。术后进食时间为2～15d,平均4．3d。住院时间平均19．7d（9～83d）。术后6例发生围手术期并发症,占19．4％。31例患者均获随访,平均18个月（1～38个月）,2例回肠膀胱切口疝,1例输尿管新膀胱吻合口狭窄。肺部转移及局部复发并全身转移各1例,带瘤生存。肿瘤转移死亡1例,猝死1例。其余27例无瘤存活。结论手助腹腔镜根治性膀胱切除术是安全、可行的,尤其在复杂的根治性膀胱切除术中可以减少手术出血,降低手术难度,有效防止并发症的发生。     

完全腹腔镜下根治性膀胱全切除回肠原位膀胱术后新膀胱功能锻炼的循证护理

目的探讨完全腹腔镜下根治性膀胱全切除回肠原位膀胱术后新膀胱功能锻炼的循证护理方法。方法选择15例完全腹腔镜下根治性膀胱全切除回肠原位膀胱术后进行新膀胱功能锻炼的患者,对其实施循证护理。结果 15例患者手术均获成功,术后住院时间(25.0±4.1)d,术后随访7~38个月,2例患者出现轻度尿失禁(夜间睡眠中尿失禁),其余患者均能定时排尿,无明显残余尿。结论将循证护理运用于完全腹腔镜下根治性膀胱全切除回肠原位膀胱术后进行新膀胱功能锻炼的患者,能使可控性的尿流改道技术最大限度接近患者的生理状态,使患者尽可能恢复正常排尿功能并显著改善患者的生活质量。     

Robotic assisted radical cystectomy: short to medium‐term oncologic and functional outcomes

Purpose: To report short‐ and medium‐term oncological and functional outcomes of the first robotic‐assisted laparoscopic radical cystectomy (RARC) series from the UK. Materials and methods: Thirty patients underwent RARC between 2004 and 2007 at our unit. We report oncological and functional outcomes of this procedure in 20 patients (17 ileal conduit and three Studer Pouches), who have completed at least 6 months of follow up. Results: There were 17 men and three women, median age 66 years (range 38–77 years). Median operating time was 330 min (range 295–510 min), and median blood loss 150 ml (range 100–1150 ml). There were two major complications (10%); a port site bleed and a rectal injury. The median follow up of this cohort is 23 months (range 7–44 months). One patient died of distant metastases at 8 months, and another developed a right ureteric tumour at 7 months. None of the patients had local pelvic or port site recurrence. The overall and disease‐free survival are 95% and 90% respectively. Functional complications included a neovesico‐urethral stricture at 3 months, a left upper ureteric stricture at 6 months and an incisional hernia at 12 months. Conclusion: Robotic‐assisted laparoscopic radical cystectomy is an emerging minimally invasive procedure which at short‐ to medium‐term follow up, in our experience, is oncologically and functionally equivalent to open radical cystectomy.     

腹腔镜根治性膀胱全切+原位回肠新膀胱术治疗浸润性膀胱癌

目的探讨腹腔镜根治性膀胱全切+原位回肠新膀胱术的手术方法和经验。方法回顾分析2011年3月-2014年10月该院14例浸润性膀胱癌患者的临床资料。结果 13例成功施行了腹腔镜根治性膀胱全切+原位回肠新膀胱术,1例因术中膀胱内肿瘤出血增加术野无法显露而中转开放手术。12例在直视下行新膀胱尿道间断吻合,2例在腹腔镜下采用单针连续缝合法行新膀胱尿道吻合。手术平均时间444 min,术中平均出血量490 ml。术后病理提示12例为膀胱尿路上皮癌,其中1例伴部分鳞状细胞癌,2例为膀胱腺癌。2例患者术后出现尿漏,经保守治疗后治愈,1例术后出现尿失禁。术后随访6~56个月,3例死于肿瘤远处转移,1例目前发生肿瘤颅内转移。其余10例目前仍无瘤生存,其中1例术后1年出现尿道内口狭窄,经行尿道狭窄内切开术后治愈。10例患者目前控尿功能恢复良好,新膀胱容量约300 ml。结论腹腔镜根治性膀胱全切+原位回肠新膀胱术治疗膀胱癌疗效确切、安全、创伤小及术后恢复快,可作为临床浸润性膀胱癌的首选治疗方法。     

腹腔镜膀胱癌根治—原位回肠新膀胱术（附5例报告）

目的探讨腹腔镜膀胱癌根治—原位回肠新膀胱术的临床疗效。方法 2008年11月至2011年4月,采用5点穿刺经腹入路,先行腹腔镜下膀胱癌根治,继而体外构建回肠新膀胱,最后腹腔镜下行新膀胱尿道吻合,实施腹腔镜膀胱癌根治—原位回肠新膀胱术5例。皆为男性,平均年龄67岁。结果手术时间420～600min,平均480min,术中失血量350～800ml,平均400ml。术后淋巴结及手术切缘均阴性。随访3～24个月,除1例有轻度夜间尿失禁外,其余患者均昼夜控尿良好。代膀胱充盈良好,容量200～350ml,平均270ml。平均最大尿流率12ml/s。1例出现勃起功能障碍。结论腹腔镜膀胱癌根治—原位回肠新膀胱术创伤小、出血少、并发症少且疗效满意。     

快速康复外科理念在腹腔镜膀胱癌根治术联合回肠膀胱术老年患者围手术期中的应用效果

目的探讨快速康复外科理念在腹腔镜膀胱癌根治术联合回肠膀胱术治疗老年患者围手术期中的应用效果。方法抽取我院收治的52例行腹腔镜膀胱癌根治术联合回肠膀胱术治疗的老年膀胱癌患者为研究对象,以围手术期所用的不同护理模式将其分为对照组与试验组,各26例。对照组行常规护理,试验组行快速康复外科护理。比较两组患者的护理效果。结果试验组患者的首次排气时间、首次排便时间、住院时间均短于对照组,术后并发症总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05);干预后,两组患者的身体状态、功能状态、情感状态、社会/家庭情况评分及总分均高于干预前,且试验组高于对照组(P<0.05);试验组患者的护理满意度高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论腹腔镜膀胱癌根治术联合回肠膀胱术老年患者围手术期应用快速康复外科理念可预防并发症的发生,促进患者恢复,改善生活质量,值得临床借鉴使用。     

完全腹腔镜下膀胱根治性切除-原位回肠新膀胱术中经尿管逆行置入双J管的应用效果

目的 探讨完全腹腔镜下膀胱根治性切除-原位回肠新膀胱术中经尿管逆行置入双J管的应用效果。方法 回顾性分析2020年9月－2021年10月该院5例行完全腹腔镜下膀胱根治性切除-原位回肠新膀胱术，并于术中经尿管逆行置入双J管患者的临床资料。结果 5例患者在完全腹腔镜下行全膀胱全切，采用经尿管逆行放置双J管，在术后均未出现严重并发症。新膀胱术中置入双J管，操作时间2～4 min，单侧平均置入时间为（2.8±0.6）min，住院时间为（13.0±0.8）d。5例患者术后排尿恢复较好，且在病情恢复过程中均未发生尿漏和感染。结论 在完全腹腔镜下膀胱根治性切除-原位回肠新膀胱术中，应用经尿管逆行置入双J管的方法，取得了良好的应用效果，可以在不破坏气腹的同时缩短手术时间，有利于患者术后排尿功能的恢复，其是一种在新膀胱术中安全、有效且便捷的辅助手段。     

腹腔镜全膀胱切除术的初步体会(附5例报告)

目的探讨腹腔镜下行全膀胱切除术的应用。方法2003年5月～2004年5月，腹腔镜下行全膀胱切除术5例，均为浸润性膀胱癌患者。行全膀胱前列腺切除。尿流改道采用回肠膀胱术。结果手术全部成功，无严重并发症。术后平均随访6个月，未见肿瘤复发。结论应用腹腔镜行全膀胱切除术视野清晰、安全、微创，有开展应用的价值。     

腹腔镜与开放手术方式根治性膀胱切除术治疗膀胱癌的临床研究

目的通过回顾性分析腹腔镜与开放手术方式根治性膀胱切除术(RC)治疗膀胱癌的临床观察指标,评价腹腔镜技术在RC治疗膀胱癌中的临床价值。方法 2009年10月-2014年8月该院实施RC患者49例,其中腹腔镜组20例(A组)、开放组29例(B组)。收集两组患者的临床资料,采取术中出血量、手术时间、术后胃肠功能恢复时间、术后住院天数和术后并发症等作为观察指标。计量资料采用均数±标准差(x±s)表示,组间比较资料采用t检验,计数资料采用百分率表示,组间比较采用χ2检验,P0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果平均术中出血量A组低于B组[(416.66±232.73)ml vs(964.16±445.73)ml,P0.05];平均术后住院时间A组低于B组[(14.93±2.72)d vs(19.50±3.16)d,P0.05)];术后并发症A组少于B组(P0.05);平均手术时间、平均术后肠功能恢复时间两组间差异无统计学意义。结论通过分析两组临床观察指标,腹腔镜根治性膀胱切除术(LRC)治疗膀胱癌,在手术效果方面与开放手术相似,但其具有创伤小、失血少、恢复快和术后并发症相对较少等优点,是一种安全、有效的手术方法。远期疗效尚需要更多病例术后随访。     

腹腔镜下膀胱全切Bricker回肠膀胱术与Studer原位膀胱术的比较研究

目的比较腹腔镜下膀胱全切Bricker回肠膀胱术和Studer原位膀胱术的手术、肿瘤学等指标,探讨腹腔镜膀胱全切尿流改道术的最佳术式。方法腹腔镜下膀胱全切Bricker回肠膀胱术15例和Studer原位膀胱术12例,其中男性分别为14和10例,女性分别为1和2例,平均年龄分别为（64．47±11．31）和（69．33±10．46）岁,肿瘤平均直径分别为（4．79±1．82）和（2．63±1．00）cm。结果全部手术均顺利完成,无一例中转开腹。Bricker回肠膀胱术和Studer原位膀胱术的手术时间分别为（422．00±131．97）和（370．00±104．19）min,术中出血量分别为（623．33±377．43）和（575.00 ±491．52）ml,术中输血量分别为（314．26±357．03）和（320．00±413．12）ml,患者住院天数分别为（19．40±4．48）和（23．92±11．25）d。随访3～48个月,所有患者均无复发。Bricker回肠膀胱术组1例患者术后13个月因心脑血管意外死亡。Studer原位膀胱术组1例患者术后出现输尿管套叠,输尿管镜下将其顺利还纳。Studer原位膀胱术后3个月时,患者白天控尿率和夜间控尿率分别为83．33％和75．00％;术后6个月时,患者白天控尿率和夜间控尿率均为100％。术后病理类型,Bricker回肠膀胱术组低分级乳头状尿路上皮癌10例,高分级乳头状尿路上皮癌4例和腺癌1例;Studer原位膀胱术组低分级乳头状尿路上皮癌2例,高分级乳头状尿路上皮癌6例和腺癌4例。术后病理分期,Bricker回肠膀胱术组pT2aN0M05例,pT2bN0M09例,pT2bN00例,pT3aN0M01例;Studer原位膀胱术组pT2aN0M02例,pT2bN0M07例,pT2bN2M01例,pT3aN0M02例。结论腹腔镜膀胱全切Studer原位膀胱术与Bricker回肠膀胱术具有相似的手术和肿瘤学等方面的结果,但Studer原位膀胱术患者术后生活质量较高,是一种效果良好的膀胱全切尿流改道术式。     

Laparoscopic surgery for sigmoid colon cancer after multiple operations including urinary diversion with Indiana pouch: A case report

A 73‐year‐old man with lower abdominal pain was diagnosed at our hospital with sigmoid colon cancer. He had previously undergone radical cystectomy with Indiana pouch construction and gastrectomy to treat bladder cancer and gastric cancer, respectively. We performed a laparoscopic Hartmann's operation with Japanese D3 lymph node dissection. We observed severe adhesion in the abdominal cavity; adhesions between the urostomy and sigmoid colon were particularly severe. The tumor had invaded to the distal rectum, which had adhered to the pubic bone and the previously reconstructed urinary pouch. By performing careful and persistent laparoscopic dissection, we completed the operation without damaging the urostomy and with no remnant tumor tissue (R0). The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was doing well with no evidence of cancer recurrence 1 year after surgery.     

回肠膀胱术患者造口自我护理的路径化健康教育

受临床路径的理论和实施方法的启发,制订了回肠膀胱术患者造口自我护理的健康教育路径表,对30例行全膀胱切除、回肠膀胱术的患者实施连续、系统的健康教育指导,明显提高了回肠膀胱术患者造口自我护理能力及生活质量,减少了造口周围皮肤问题的发生.     

保留前列腺包膜的膀胱全切除-原位回肠新膀胱术

目的探讨保留前列腺包膜的膀胱根治性切除一原位回肠新膀胱术的手术方法及疗效。方法2002年5月至2008年9月,对35例浸润性膀胱癌患者施行了保留前列腺包膜的膀胱根治性切除-原位回肠新膀胱术,其中开放手术22例,腹腔镜手术13例。术中保留患者的前列腺包膜、精囊、输精管、神经血管束。术后对患者进行定期随访,了解患者的生活质量、排尿情况,并检测患者的残余尿量、新膀胱压力及性功能情况等。结果全部患者均顺利完成保留前列腺包膜和勃起神经的膀胱根治性切除-原位回肠新膀胱术。其中开放手术时间为210～330min,平均271min;术中出血200-800ml,平均460ml。腹腔镜手术时间为210-420min,平均343min;术中出血80-800ml,平均377ml。术后3个月IVU及代膀胱造影检查,显示双肾显影良好,无输尿管返流及梗阻,代膀胱充盈良好,容量约250-350ml。术后6个月随访,所有患者均能自行排尿,2例患者有夜间尿失禁。术后71．4％（20／28）的患者保留了阴茎勃起功能。无患者出现尿道残端或前列腺包膜肿瘤复发,有2例发生盆腔淋巴结转移,1例骨转移。结论保留前列腺包膜的膀胱根治性切除术与标准的膀胱前列腺根治性切除术相比,具有操作简单、控尿效果好、可保留勃起神经等特点,适用于对性功能要求较强、肿瘤未累及膀胱颈及前列腺的较年轻的患者。然而,其肿瘤控制效果坏有待于讲一彤观察．     

Palliative ileal conduit in inoperable cancer of the urinary bladder

A retrospective study is presented of 19 patients with inoperable urinary bladder carcinoma in which urinary diversion was performed by ileal conduit without cystectomy. The postoperative mortality rate was 10.5% and the incidence of complications was 16%. The average time of survival was 5.1 months and varied from between one and 23 months. According to the literature these results are no better than those in patients undergoing no therapy at all. It is, thus, our opinion that palliative ileal conduit should not be considered a suitable method for urinary diversion in patients with advanced carcinoma of the urinary bladder.     

Robot-assisted low anterior resection for a rectal cancer patient with ileal conduit: A case report

Surgery for rectal cancer patients with an ileal conduit after total cystectomy is difficult because adhesions in the pelvis and around the ileal conduit are expected. In the present case, we performed robot-assisted low anterior resection of the rectum in a 69-year-old male patient with rectal cancer who underwent ileal conduit diversion after total cystectomy. In this procedure, the port was inserted into the left upper abdomen as a first step, and two additional ports were added on the left side. Low anterior resection was performed using two left hands to create more space in the abdominal cavity for the ileal conduit. We present this minimally invasive robotic procedure that is extremely useful for dissection of adhesions in a narrow pelvic cavity.     

膀胱全切除-原位W形回肠新膀胱术后尿流动力学的临床研究

目的:分析膀胱全切除-原位W形回肠新膀胱术后的尿流动力学结果,探讨引起异常尿动力学的原因,提出相应的预防和治疗措施,为进一步改进下尿路重建手术提供依据。方法:总结分析我院2005年11月至2011年12月期间行膀胱全切除-原位W形回肠新膀胱术的13例患者术后上、下尿路尿流动力学的结果。结果:最大自由尿流率、腹压、残余尿量和最大尿道压与正常功能膀胱比较差异有显著性(P<0.05),最大膀胱容量、充盈期膀胱压、膀胱顺应性和最大尿流率时膀胱压与正常膀胱比较差异无显著性(P>0.05);有1例患者出现输尿管新膀胱吻合口狭窄并急性肾功能衰竭,2例患者术后双肾输尿管轻度肾积水。结论:膀胱全切除-原位W形回肠新膀胱术基本解决了下尿路重建问题,但存在输尿管梗阻、肾积水、控尿不完全和新膀胱排空不良等问题,可以通过术中输尿管、尿道的外翻吻合、新膀胱的最低位与尿道吻合、蹲位(增加腹压和松弛盆底肌肉)排尿、术后加强盆底肌功能锻炼及定时排尿正确的训练等得以解决。     

腹腔镜下膀胱全切除-回肠新膀胱术的护理

目的总结腹腔镜下膀胱全切除一回肠新膀胱术的护理要点。方法2006年12月-2008年12月为68例膀胱癌患者实施腹腔镜下膀胱全切除一原位回肠代膀胱术,并做好患者围手术期护理。结果无围手术期死亡病例,术后并发症发生率为16．2％。采用保守或再次手术治疗后均痊愈。结论做好患者术前准备,重视心理护理,密切观察及治疗患者术后合并症,并加强新膀胱排尿功能训练,对减轻患者痛苦,减少术后并发症,提高手术成功率具有重要的意义。