诱发电位监测下经椎弓根截骨短节段固定治疗创伤后脊柱后凸畸形

目的:探讨诱发电位监测下经椎弓根截骨短节段固定治疗创伤后脊柱后凸畸形的疗效。方法:笔者2005年3月-2013年7月在采用诱发电位监测下,单纯后路经椎弓根+椎间盘截骨路径,切除后凸顶点(包括伤椎后上角和伤椎上方椎间盘),截骨矫正手术前、后进行系统影像学检查,测量胸腰段Cobb角的变化,治疗11例胸腰椎创伤后凸畸形。结果:术后全部后突畸形均明显矫正,随访无明显加重。随访时间为4~72个月,平均28个月,所有患者疼痛消失,恢复正常的生活和工作,植骨融合时间为4~6个月。结论:诱发电位监测下经椎弓根+椎间盘截骨治疗陈旧性胸腰段脊柱骨折后凸畸形安全、可靠,是一种有效的治疗手段。     

经椎弓根截骨矫正强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形及疗效分析

目的 研究经椎弓根截骨矫正强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形的手术方法及其疗效.方法 2006年1月～2010年7月该科收治12例强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形患者,男性10例,女性2例,平均年龄37.5岁(24～58岁).全部采取后路经椎弓根截骨矫形术,术前在纸样上模拟截骨,术前和术后测量颌眉角以及全脊柱侧位X片测量胸腰椎后凸角,统计术前术后VAS及ODI评分.结果 患者术后视线角度改善明显,平均随访28个月,所有患者术区无假关节形成,患者矫正度无丢失,腰背痛等症状明显改善,平均颌眉角、矢状位平衡、Cobb角、VAS及ODI均改善明显(P＜0.05).结论 采用术前模拟截骨确定截骨部位及角度,行后路经椎弓根截骨矫形术治疗强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形是一种较好的治疗方法.     

经椎弓根V型截骨治疗陈旧性胸腰椎骨折后凸畸形

目的 探讨经椎弓根V型截骨结合内固定在陈旧性胸腰椎骨折后凸畸形的矫正中的疗效和并发症.方法 自2005年7月至2011年3月,我院采取经椎弓根V型截骨结合内固定治疗不同原因所致陈旧性胸腰段脊柱骨折后凸畸形患者共10例,其中强直性脊柱炎伴骨折所致后凸2例,均经椎弓根V型截骨结合内固定治疗.结果 术后获得随访8例,随访时间1个月～3年,平均6个月,矫正角30°～42°,平均35°.所有患者腰背疼痛症状明显缓解或消失.随访病例截骨融合率100％,1例术后神经症状加重在2年后不全恢复.结论 经椎弓根V型截骨结合内固定是陈旧性胸腰椎骨折后凸畸形矫正安全有效的治疗手段,具有效果确切可靠、操作相对简单、并发症较少等优点.     

后路经椎间隙截骨矫形内固定治疗胸腰椎陈旧性骨折并后凸畸形

目的 探讨陈旧性腰胸椎骨折后凸畸形的手术治疗及效果.方法 2008年6月至2010年1月收治26例陈旧性胸腰椎骨折后凸畸形,均采用后路经椎间隙截骨矫形内固定术.结果 全部病例均无严重的术中术后并发症,术后患者腰背痛及下肢麻木症状缓解或消失,后凸角度由术前平均32°.矫正到术后11°,随访中未发现矫形角度丢失.结论 对陈旧性胸腰椎骨折后凸畸形患者采用后路经椎间隙截骨矫形内固定,可获得良好的临床结果.     

后路经椎间孔截骨内固定治疗胸腰段陈旧性骨折角状后凸畸形

目的 探讨后路经椎间孔截骨矫形内固定术治疗胸腰段陈旧性骨折角状后凸畸形的疗效.方法 回顾性分析2007年9月～2010年12月20例经后路经椎间孔楔形截骨矫形内固定术治疗的陈旧性胸腰椎骨折角状后凸畸形患者的临床资料,测量术前、术后1周、末次随访侧位X线侧位片上的后凸角(K)和畸形角(D).结果 术后平均随访17个月.后凸角(K)术前平均44°,术后平均10°,末次随访平均11°;畸形角(D)术前平均46°,术后平均14°,末次随访平均15°.均获骨性融合,平均融合时间为4个月.结论 后路经椎间孔楔形截骨矫形内固定术是治疗胸腰段陈旧性骨折角状后凸畸形的一种有效方法.     

陈旧性胸腰椎骨折后凸畸形的截骨矫治

目的 探讨后路顶椎楔形截骨术治疗陈旧性胸腰椎骨折所致脊柱后凸畸形的方法及治疗效果.方法 28例陈旧性胸腰椎骨折后凸畸形患者,伴骨髓损伤者21例,平均伤后32个月,均行顶椎楔形截骨、椎弓根内固定系统固定术,比较手术前后结果.术后随访13～28月,平均16.2月.结果 所有患者手术后胸腰椎生理弧度良好,后凸Cobb'S角由术前30,3°±3.3°恢复为手术后的7.2°±4.0°(P<0.05),平均矫正角度为27.2°±7.4°,随访无角度丢失;15例CT复查显示手术减压满意;21例术前伴脊髓损伤者手术后Frankel恢复一级以上者为18例(85.7%);所有患者腰背部疼痛均明显减轻.结论 顶椎楔形截骨术是治疗陈旧性胸腰椎骨折所致后凸畸形的一种有效方法,具有畸形矫正满意、人路简单、显露充分、脊髓前后方均可有效减压、手术后伤椎稳定且并发症少等特点.     

经椎弓根椎体截骨Gss内固定术对脊柱后凸畸形的治疗体会

目的：探讨脊柱后凸畸形的手术方法和治疗体会。方法：应用经椎弓根椎体截骨Gss内固定术治疗脊柱后凸畸形共33例。结果：随访6—28个月,术前Cobb角37°-83°,平均57°,术后Cobb角平均12．5°,平均矫正44．5°,矫正率78．1％。结论：经椎弓根椎体截骨结合Gss内固定术是治疗脊柱后凸畸形满意和可靠的方法。     

闭式楔形截骨术治疗陈旧性胸腰椎骨折合并后凸畸形36例

目的：观察闭式楔形截骨术治疗陈旧性胸腰椎骨折合并后凸畸形的效果。方法回顾性分析36例陈旧性胸腰椎骨折合并后凸畸形患者的临床资料,评价闭式楔形截骨术治疗的手术效果。结果本组36例,手术平均时间（217±23）min;术中平均出血量（1150±85）ml;术后测量平均Cobb’s角（7.5±0.8）°优于术前（32.8±2.3）°（P〈0.05）;术后平均随访（12.7±1.4）个月,无失访患者;术后Frankel分级：B级0例,C级2例,D级5例,E级29例;术后随访腰部疼痛VAS平均评分明显优于术前（5.5±1.4）分（P〈0.05）;无死亡和感染患者。结论闭式楔形截骨术治疗陈旧性胸腰椎骨折合并后凸畸形效果确切,在单个切口下完成经后路截骨、360°环状减压、矫正后凸畸形和植骨融合,具有操作简便、创伤小和出血少等优势,在维持脊柱稳定和促进截骨椎体骨早期愈合等方面具有非常重要的意义。     

经椎弓根楔形精确截骨和“蛋壳”技术截骨治疗胸腰段骨折后凸畸形的临床疗效比较

目的比较经椎弓根楔形精确截骨和"蛋壳"技术截骨治疗胸腰段骨折后凸畸形的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2013年4月至2016年11月分别行经椎弓根截骨术(PSO)的胸腰椎骨折继发后凸畸形患者36例,按照手术方式分为楔形组(PSO楔形精确截骨)17例和蛋壳组(PSO"蛋壳"技术截骨)19例。记录术前术后后凸Cobb角、VAS和ODI评分、ASIA脊髓功能分级及手术时间、术中出血量、并发症情况等。结果手术时间两组比较无显著差异,术中出血量楔形组明显少于蛋壳组(P0.05)。随访时间10-18个月[(12.3±4.5)个月]。楔形组和蛋壳组后凸Cobb角术后6个月和末次随访较术前均明显矫正(P0.05);VAS评分和ODI指数术后6个月和末次随访较术前均显著改善(P0.05)。末次随访与术后6个月比较,楔形组矫正丢失角度明显小于蛋壳组(P0.05)。楔形组术前6例C级3例末次随访恢复至D级,4例D级2例恢复至E级;蛋壳组术前8例C级3例末次随访恢复至D级,5例D级3例恢复至E级。术后两组患者均有1例出现脑脊液漏;楔形组末次随访未见假关节形成,融合率100%,蛋壳组有4例出现假关节,融合率78.9%。结论 PSO楔形精确截骨术和PSO"蛋壳"技术截骨术均能有效矫正胸腰椎骨折继发后凸畸形,术后矫正效果满意,疼痛和神经功能障碍恢复明显。但PSO楔形精确截骨术术中出血更少,能更好地避免术后假关节形成,且融合率较高。     

后路全脊椎截骨治疗胸腰椎后凸畸形36例

目的:探讨胸腰段脊柱后凸畸形经后路椎弓根椎间隙截骨脊柱短缩术的疗效。方法:收集胸腰段创伤继发后凸畸形36例,均采用椎板减压、截骨矫形钉棒内固定手术治疗。结果:36例均随访8个月至3年,平均2.5年,疗效优23例(63.8%),良10例(27.8%),可3例(8.4%),优良率91.6%。脊柱后凸畸形患者Cobb’s角术前平均46°,术后平均5.3°,平均矫正率87.6%。术后8月X线片可见钉棒内固定系统坚强可靠,无内固定物松动、断裂、矫正度数丢失等并发症;截骨平面均出现骨性融合。结论:经椎间隙椎弓根后路截骨钉棒内固定技术是目前治疗胸腰段脊柱后凸畸形安全有效的手术方法之一。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.