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1.
P. Szefer K. Ikuta S. Kushiyama K. Szefer K. Frelek J. Geldon 《Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology》1997,32(2):184-190
Concentrations of Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ag, Cr, Co Ni, Mn, and
Fe in soft tissues and byssi of blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) from
three sites along the east coast of Kyushu Island, Japan, were determined by
AAS method. Large inter-regional differences in metal concentrations in both
soft tissues and byssi (Cu, Cd, and Pb and Cu, Pb, Co, Ni, Mn, and Fe,
respectively) were recorded. Highly significant correlations (p
< 0.01) were observed between tissue and byssal concentrations of Pb,
Cu, Zn, and Mn. The tissue concentrations of Cu, Cd, and Pb were two orders
of magnitude greater in Mytilus edulis from expected to be the
most contaminated locations compared to those from a nonindustrialized area.
Intercomparison of the present study data with those published previously
indicates that the soft tissue and especially byssus are useful in detecting
some areas of some metallic contaminants. The high concentrations of Cd, and
especially Pb and Cu, in Saganoseki mussels and moderately elevated
concentrations of these metals in Akamizu mussels may be attributed to the
anthropogenic emissions from a metallic refinery and an artificial fiber
factory, respectively. It is evident that, compared to the soft tissue, the
increase of Cu levels relative to Zn levels in the byssi of M.
edulis are eight times higher, with a slope b (Cu/Zn) of 7.5 for byssus
and 0.93 for soft tissue. This suggests that byssus, as compared to soft
tissue, is a more sensitive bioindicator for Cu. From the data obtained, the
soft tissue and especially byssi of M. edulis appear to be good
bioindicators for identification of coastal areas exposed to metallic
contaminants.
Received: 29 January 1996/Revised: 19 June 1996 相似文献
2.
Önder Kılıç Murat Belivermiş 《Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology》2013,91(4):402-408
The Golden Horn Estuary and Bosphorus Strait are two major marine environments of metropolitan Istanbul which have been exposed to intensive industrial discharges for more than 50 years. In the present study, concentrations of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) were measured in mussel tissue and sediment samples by using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy to assess the current status of metal pollution in the Golden Horn and Bosphorus Strait. Ranges of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn concentrations in soft parts of the mussels were BDL-2.59; BDL-7.35; 3.96–20.90; BDL-10.0; and 124.8–293.2 μg g?1 dry weight (dw), respectively, while the ranges of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn in <63 μm sediment fractions were BDL, 19.5–300.3, 16.9–724.7, 10.5–260.9, and 39.3–793.1 μg g?1 dw, respectively. Ranges of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn in >63 μm sediment fractions were BDL, 4.73–52.81, 3.45–481.87, 3.13–174.67 and 10.7–241.2 μg g?1 dw, respectively. Trace metal concentrations found in sediment of the Golden Horn were 5–10 times higher than average literature values obtained in Mediterranean marine environment, whereas those of the Bosphorus Strait were consistent with or slightly higher than average literature values. 相似文献
3.
J. David Popham John M. D'Auria 《Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology》1982,11(3):273-282
Concentrations of Pb, Cu, Zn, Fe, and Mn were measured in the gills and visceral mass ofMytilus edulis (mussels) and in the surrounding seawater (as dissolved ions and suspended particulate matter) over a one-year period (at monthly intervals) from two locations in British Columbia. Higher concentrations of Pb, Zn, and Cu were observed in tissues of mussels taken from the location containing higher levels in the seawater. All elemental concentrations in the mussels, except copper, could be correlated with seawater (dissolved ion) concentrations. Seasonal variations occurred in the Pb, Zn, Cu, and Fe mussel tissue concentrations but only occurred for soluble Fe and Zn in the surrounding seawater. Significant correlations were observed between Cu concentrations in both organs and Pb and Zn concentrations in seawater, suggesting an interelemental effect, facilitating copper uptake. 相似文献
4.
Salahshur S Bakhtiari AR Kochanian P 《Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology》2012,88(6):951-955
The concentrations of Zn, Cd and Pb were determined in tissues (shell and soft tissue) of 144 of bivalve mollusks (Solen brevis) and 15 samples of surface sediment collected from three locations in intertidal zones of Bushehr coast, Persian Gulf, Iran
in May 2011. The mean concentrations of Zn, Cd and Pb in the sediment samples were 26.2, 1.25, and 21.1 μg/g dw, respectively.
The mean levels of Zn, Cd and Pb in the clam samples were 63.3, 0.67, and 4.38 μg/g dw in soft tissue and 10. 7, 1.53, and
15.6 μg/g dw in shell, respectively. The degrees of variability (CV %) for Cd and Pb within the shells were lower than for
soft tissues, whereas the CV for Zn was lower in the soft tissue than in the shell, indicating that there is more precision
(lower CV) in the determination of Cd and Pb in the shells and Zn in the soft tissues. Significant correlation were found
between Cd (r = 0.63; p < 0.05) and Pb (r = 0.78; p < 0.01) concentrations in the shell of S.
brevis and their concentrations in the surface sediments. Indeed, Zn concentrations in the soft tissue of S. brevis significantly (r = 0.63; p < 0.05) correlated with Zn concentrations in surface sediments. The results of this study suggest that the shell of S.
brevis may serve as a reliable biomonitor for Cd and Pb, and the soft tissue for Zn. 相似文献
5.
Osuna-Martínez CC Páez-Osuna F Alonso-Rodríguez R 《Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology》2011,87(3):272-275
In order to determine the metal concentrations in cultured oysters from four coastal lagoons from SE Gulf of California, several
individuals of Crassostrea gigas and C. corteziensis were collected and their cadmium, copper, lead and zinc levels were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry after acid
digestion. The concentration of metals in oyster soft tissue was Zn > Cu > Cd > Pb. In two lagoons, Cd concentrations (10.1–13.5 μg g−1 dw) exceeded the maximum level allowed according to the Official Mexican Standard (NOM-031-SSA1-1993), which is equivalent
to the WHO recommended Cd levels in organisms used for human consumption. 相似文献
6.
Besser JM Brumbaugh WG May TW Church SE Kimball BA 《Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology》2001,40(1):48-59
The water quality, habitats, and biota of streams in the upper Animas River watershed of Colorado, USA, are affected by metal
contamination associated with acid drainage. We determined metal concentrations in components of the food web of the Animas
River and its tributaries—periphyton (aufwuchs), benthic invertebrates, and livers of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis)—and evaluated pathways of metal exposure and hazards of metal toxicity to stream biota. Concentrations of the toxic metals
cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) in periphyton, benthic invertebrates, and trout livers from one or more
sites in the upper Animas River were significantly greater than those from reference sites. Periphyton from sites downstream
from mixing zones of acid and neutral waters had elevated concentrations of aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe) reflecting deposition
of colloidal Fe and Al oxides, and reduced algal biomass. Metal concentrations in benthic invertebrates reflected differences
in feeding habits and body size among taxa, with greatest concentrations of Zn, Cu, and Cd in the small mayfly Rhithrogena, which feeds on periphyton, and greatest concentrations of Pb in the small stonefly Zapada, a detritivore. Concentrations of Zn and Pb decreased across each trophic linkage, whereas concentrations of Cu and Cd were
similar across several trophic levels, suggesting that Cu and Cd were more efficiently transferred via dietary exposure. Concentrations
of Cu in invertebrates and trout livers were more closely associated with impacts on trout populations and invertebrate communities
than were concentrations of Zn, Cd, or Pb. Copper concentrations in livers of brook trout from the upper Animas River were
substantially greater than background concentrations and approached levels associated with reduced brook trout populations
in field studies and with toxic effects on other salmonids in laboratory studies. These results indicate that bioaccumulation
and transfer of metals in stream food webs are significant components of metal exposure for stream biota of the upper Animas
River watershed and suggest that chronic toxicity of Cu is an important factor limiting the distribution and abundance of
brook trout populations in the watershed.
Received: 4 April 2000/Accepted: 31 July 2000 相似文献
7.
Cadena-Cárdenas L Méndez-Rodríguez L Zenteno-Savín T García-Hernández J Acosta-Vargas B 《Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology》2009,57(1):96-102
To assess the safety for human consumption of commercially important bivalves harvested from areas with or without mining
activities, we compared the levels of heavy metals in mollusks collected from different coastal environments along the Gulf
of California. We sampled the mussel Mytilus edulis and the clams Laevicardium elatum and Megapitaria squalida (June 2004) and the clam Chione californiensis (November 2006). Concentrations of cadmium, lead, nickel, zinc, iron, copper, and manganese in the soft tissue of the mollusks
were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Based on dry weight, the highest average concentrations of iron, copper,
and cadmium were found in clams from Loreto (572, 181, and 4.66 mg/kg, respectively); that of nickel, in mussels from San
Luquitas (12.2 mg/kg); that of zinc, both in mussels from San Luquitas and in clams from Golfo de Santa Clara (94.3 and 91.8 mg/kg,
respectively); and those of lead and manganese in clams from the Golfo de Santa Clara (9.2 and 3.68 mg/kg, respectively).
Although mollusks were taken from coastal areas of the Gulf of California, which are considered to be contaminated by mining
activities, the heavy metals in the sediments apparently were in a chemical form that had low bioavailability for the bivalves
feeding in those areas. The interplay of oceanographic conditions and the chemical composition of anthropogenic inputs into
the environment is not well understood. Thus, these factors or their interaction could potentially result in increased concentration
and bioavailability of such metals in areas without effluent generated by mining activities. 相似文献
8.
Kimiaki Sumino MD Kiyoko Hayakawa MD Takako Shibata Shoji Kitamura MD 《Archives of environmental & occupational health》2013,68(10):487-494
? To obtain the usual values of arsenic, beryllium, bismuth, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, mercury, methyl mercury, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, lead, antimony, vanadium, and zinc in the normal human body, the amounts of 15 metals were determined in 15 male and 15 female Japanese cadavers (average weight, 55 kg [121 lb]). The content of metals found ranged as follows: Zn, 1,800 mg; Cu, 65 mg; Cd, 35 mg; Pb, 25 mg; Mn, 8 mg; Ni, 6 mg; Cr, 4 mg; Hg, 3 mg; Sb, 0.7 mg; MeHg, 0.4 mg. Cadmium and mercury were higher in Japanese blood than in blood of other people. Cadmium and mercury were absorbed by the metabolic tissues; Cr, Ni, and Pb showed higher concentration in tissue exposed to the environment. Concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Hg tended to be higher in females, and Cr, Cu, MeHg, and Mn concentrations tended to be higher in males. 相似文献
9.
Widianarko B Verweij RA Van Gestel CA Van Straalen NM 《Ecotoxicology and environmental safety》2000,46(1):95-100
Elevated environmental concentrations of metals are usually associated with the impact of urbanization. The present study is focused on metal contamination in urban sediments. A field survey was carried out to determine the distribution of four metals, i.e., cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn), in the coastal urban area of Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. Sediment samples were collected from 101 grids of 2x2 km. To map the spatial distribution of these metals, concentrations of each metal were plotted against the corresponding grid coordinate. Cd was below the detection limit (<0.03 microg/g) in all samples, whereas concentrations of Pb, Zn, and Cu fell into a wide range. Frequency distributions of Pb, Zn, and Cu concentrations indicated a similar pattern, in which the major proportion of the sites had a low metal concentration. Some sites, however, had extremely high metal concentrations, Zn up to 1257 microg/g, Pb up to 2666 microg/g, and Cu up to 448 microg/g. The data were used to define background concentrations for sediments in coastal zones of Indonesia ("reference values"). The proposed reference values are 25.6 microg/g, 132.2 microg/g, and 40.7 microg/g, respectively, for Pb, Zn, and Cu. The degree of metal contamination of each individual site was classified according to the calculated value of a combined pollution index, W. Four categories of the degree of metal contamination were proposed, i.e., unpolluted, slightly polluted, polluted, and heavily polluted. Based on this classification, from 101 sites investigated in the greater Semarang area, 51 are unpolluted, 36 slightly polluted, 9 polluted, and 5 heavily polluted. 相似文献
10.
H. G. D. Dumalagan A. C. Gonzales A. V. Hallare 《Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology》2010,84(4):492-496
Mussels, Perna viridis L., obtained from three selected seafood markets in Metro Manila, were tested for metal content including cadmium, copper,
lead, and zinc through atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Water samples from Bacoor Bay, Cavite, which supplies mussels
to the market, were likewise subjected to similar metal analyses. Of the metals analyzed in the soft tissues of mussels, only
copper and lead with highest obtained values of 10.4 mg/kg and 2.3 mg/kg, respectively exceeded the PEMSEA guideline for safe
human consumption. Water samples collected from the harvest sites in Bacoor Bay showed high concentrations of cadmium (0.023 mg/L)
and lead (0.25 mg/L) that exceeded the standards of DENR, ASEAN, and US EPA. Zinc, though detected in relatively high concentrations
in both water (0.03 mg/L) and soft tissues (12.16–14.43 mg/kg) of mussels remained below the criteria set by the above-mentioned
agencies. Overall, the present study indicates that mussels being sold in selected Metro Manila seafood markets were contaminated
with metals, notably Cu and Pb, at concentrations that are unsafe for human consumption and thus, represents a health risk. 相似文献
11.
Kirby J Maher W Krikowa F 《Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology》2001,40(2):246-256
Selenium, cadmium, copper, and zinc concentrations were measured in sediments and the tissues of mullet (Mugil cephalus) collected from the southern basin of Lake Macquarie, NSW, Australia. Trace metals in surficial sediments are enriched in
trace metals relative to background concentrations (selenium, 3–19; cadmium, 14–42; copper, 1.5–3.6; zinc, 0.77–2.2 times
background).
Selenium, cadmium, and copper in Lake Macquarie mullet tissues are elevated compared to those in mullet collected from the
Clyde River estuary, a relatively pristine location. Selenium and copper concentrations are also elevated compared to those
reported in mullet tissues from other nonpolluted coastal environments. Zinc concentrations in Lake Macquarie mullet muscle
tissues are significantly higher than those in muscle tissues of mullet from the Clyde River estuary, but mullet from both
locations have similar zinc concentrations in other tissues. These results show that contamination of sediment with trace
metals has resulted in elevated trace metals in the benthic feeding fish M. cephalus.
Little of the variation of trace metal concentrations between fish was explained by variation in mass.
Selenium concentrations in mullet are of concern in muscle tissues as they are above recommended acceptable limits for safe
human consumption, while concentrations in tissues are at levels that may effect fish growth, reproduction, and survival.
Copper concentrations in mullet tissues are also at levels that may reduce fish growth.
Received: 11 September 1999/Accepted: 9 July 2000 相似文献
12.
Impact of Heavy Metals (Copper,Zinc, and Lead) on the Chlorophyll Content of Some Mosses 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Shakya K Chettri MK Sawidis T 《Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology》2008,54(3):412-421
The effects of the heavy metals copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and lead (Pb) on the chlorophyll content of two mosses Thuidium delicatulum (L.) Mitt. and T. sparsifolium (Mitt.) Jaeg., as well as leafy liverwort Ptychanthus striatus (Lehm. & Linderb.) were examined to understand the impact of metal accumulation on the chlorophyll content of mosses and
leafy liverwort, which are found only in uncontaminated sites of the Kathmandu valley. These plants were treated with different
concentrations of CuCl2, ZnCl2, and Pb(NO3)2, ranging from 10−10 M to 10−2 M, in isolation and in combination under experimental conditions. Metal accumulation in the plant bodies increased with metal
concentrations. Cu accumulation showed a significant inhibitory effect on chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, and total chlorophyll
in the mosses and the leafy liverwort. An insignificant decrease in chlorophyll content in both Thuidium species, but a significant decrease in leafy liverwort, was observed after Zn and Pb accumulation. Chlorophyll-a decreased
significantly in T. sparsifolium; chlorophyll-b and total chlorophyll decreased significantly in T. delicatulum; and all chlorophyll contents decreased insignificantly in P. striatus after accumulation of Cu+Zn+Pb ions together from mixed metal solution. The ratio of chlorophyll-a to -b decreased more rapidly
in both Thuidium species, with higher concentrations occurring when Cu+Zn+Pb ions were together than when Cu, Zn, or Pb ions were alone. This
indicated a more destructive effect of Cu metals on the chlorophyll contents of both Thuidium species. High concentrations of Cu are known to activate oxidative damage and alter cell-membrane properties by lipid peroxidation,
thereby demonstrating the inhibitory effect on the enzymes involved in chlorophyll production. The greater loss of chlorophyll
from heavy-metal accumulation in P. striatus than in T. delicatulum and T. sparsifolium may have been caused by relatively more K+ efflux in leafy liverwort than in the mosses, thus indicating their differences in membrane integrity. 相似文献
13.
Ángela Ares Misao Itouga Yukari Kato Hitoshi Sakakibara 《Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology》2018,100(3):444-450
In this study, we investigated the bioaccumulation, tissue distribution and physiological responses to different metal concentration (0.2 and 2 mM) and time of exposure of 1, 2 and 3 weeks with cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) using the model liverwort Marchantia polymorpha. Our data showed, on one hand, a significant enrichment and tissue translocation of Cu, Zn, and specially Cd, reaching concentrations of 1800 µg g??1 in 3 weeks. On the other hand, Pb exhibited the lowest concentration values (50 µg g??1), and 90% of the total concentration in the rhizoids. We could observe a positive correlation between tissue concentration, metal translocation and an enhanced toxic response. The results obtained in this study might contribute not only in the application of this species in environmental studies with heavy metals but also as a starting point to study the evolution of metal tolerance in land plants. 相似文献
14.
M. Wallner-Kersanach H. Theede U. Eversberg S. Lobo 《Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology》2000,38(1):40-45
Oysters, Crassostrea rhizophorae, were reciprocally transplanted to two different sites: a contaminated site in the Cotegipe Channel at Aratu Bay and an uncontaminated
site at Cacha-Prego, inside and outside of Todos os Santos Bay (Brazil), respectively. Trace metal accumulation was measured
after 0, 15, 30, and 60 days of exposure at the contaminated site. Oysters transplanted for 60 days from the clean to the
contaminated site had accumulated cadmium and lead to similar concentrations as found in the native oysters. They had also
accumulated copper and zinc, but to lower levels compared to native specimens. Elimination experiments were carried out by
transplanting oysters in the reverse direction. After 30 days, concentrations of cadmium and lead had decreased to levels
comparable to those in the native specimen, whereas concentrations of copper and zinc did not diminish. A second elimination
experiment, bringing back to Cacha-Prego oysters that had been exposed 60 days at Cotegipe Channel, indicated stronger decreases
of copper and lead, but no clear changes of cadmium and zinc concentrations. The accumulation experiment with C. rhizophorae is useful to estimate trace metal bioavailability and changes in concentrations as a function of time at the contaminated
site. The different results of elimination experiments in the uncontaminated site suggest different degrees of trace metal
fixation after long-term and short-term accumulation periods.
Received: 1 July 1998/Accepted: 12 May 1999 相似文献
15.
Hueiwang Anna Jeng Yeou-Lih Huang Chih-Hong Pan Norou Diawara 《International journal of environmental health research》2015,25(4):405-417
The objective of the study was to examine the associations between environmentally relevant low metal concentrations and semen quality parameters in men. The concentrations of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), selenium (Se), and lead (Pb) in the seminal plasma and urine were measured from 196 male human subjects in Taiwan. Urinary Cd concentrations were negatively associated with sperm viability (p = 0.006). Seminal plasma Cu concentrations of the normal group (≥?15?×?106/ml) were significantly lower than those of the abnormal group (p = 0.023). However, the linear regression analysis showed a weak association between Cu concentration and sperm concentration, along with other semen parameters. No significant relationship between other metals (As, Pb, Zn, and Se) and semen quality was observed. 相似文献
16.
The heavy metal content in lichens and vascular plants from abandoned copper mining areas, Gerakario (Kilkis) and Megali Panagia (Chalkidiki), have been compared with metal content in soil in order to assess their efficiency to accumulate five metals (Cu, Mn, Pb, Zn, and Cr). The average metal content in the mineralized soil of Gerakario was, in descending order, Cu, Mn, Pb, Zn, and Cr, and in Chalkidiki it was Cu, Mn, Cr, Pb, and Zn. The epilithic lichens (Neophuscelia pulla) accumulated the highest amount of Cu and Pb, andXanthoparmelia taracticaaccumulated the highest amount of Zn. All the lichens revealed significant (P< 0.05) correlation between Cu content in soil and that in thalli. Out of five metals studied, four (Cu, Pb, Mn, and Cr) in the epigeic lichenCladonia convoluta,two (Cu and Mn) in both epilithic lichenN. pullaandX. taractica,and one (Pb) in vascular plantMinuartia(root) were significantly (P< 0.05) correlated between their metal content in plant tissue and in soil. Further, discoloration ofC. convolutawith higher Cu concentrations adds a visible clue for biogeochemical exploration. Thus, lichens along with other symptomatic species will help in locating mining areas. 相似文献
17.
Biological and Chemical Characterization of Metal Bioavailability in Sediments from Lake Roosevelt,Columbia River,Washington, USA 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Besser JM Brumbaugh WG Ivey CD Ingersoll CG Moran PW 《Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology》2008,54(4):557-570
We studied the bioavailability and toxicity of copper, zinc, arsenic, cadmium, and lead in sediments from Lake Roosevelt (LR),
a reservoir on the Columbia River in Washington, USA that receives inputs of metals from an upstream smelter facility. We
characterized chronic sediment toxicity, metal bioaccumulation, and metal concentrations in sediment and pore water from eight
study sites: one site upstream in the Columbia River, six sites in the reservoir, and a reference site in an uncontaminated
tributary. Total recoverable metal concentrations in LR sediments generally decreased from upstream to downstream in the study
area, but sediments from two sites in the reservoir had metal concentrations much lower than adjacent reservoir sites and
similar to the reference site, apparently due to erosion of uncontaminated bank soils. Concentrations of acid-volatile sulfide
in LR sediments were too low to provide strong controls on metal bioavailability, and selective sediment extractions indicated
that metals in most LR sediments were primarily associated with iron and manganese oxides. Oligochaetes (Lumbriculus variegatus) accumulated greatest concentrations of copper from the river sediment, and greatest concentrations of arsenic, cadmium,
and lead from reservoir sediments. Chronic toxic effects on amphipods (Hyalella azteca; reduced survival) and midge larvae (Chironomus dilutus; reduced growth) in whole-sediment exposures were generally consistent with predictions of metal toxicity based on empirical
and equilibrium partitioning-based sediment quality guidelines. Elevated metal concentrations in pore waters of some LR sediments
suggested that metals released from iron and manganese oxides under anoxic conditions contributed to metal bioaccumulation
and toxicity. Results of both chemical and biological assays indicate that metals in sediments from both riverine and reservoir
habitats of Lake Roosevelt are available to benthic invertebrates. These findings will be used as part of an ongoing ecological
risk assessment to determine remedial actions for contaminated sediments in Lake Roosevelt. 相似文献
18.
Toxic metals in aquatic plants surviving in surface water polluted by copper mining industry 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Concentrations of the metals Al, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn, as well as the macronutrients N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S were measured in water, sediments, and the aquatic macrophytes Potamogeton pectinatus and Myriophyllum spicatum, growing in surface water receiving sewages and solid wastes from a copper smelter and a copper ore processing factory located in the Legnica-Glogow copper district in Southwest Poland. The deposition of mineral wastes in this area belong to the largest repository in Europe. The plants were able to survive at heavily contaminated sites. The concentrations of Cd (up to 0.6-1.7 microg/L in water and up to 10.1-12.9 mg/kg in sediments), Cu (up to 29-48 microg/L in water and up to 4.6-5.6g/kg in sediments), Pb (up to 1.5-2.2 g/kg in sediments), and Zn (up to 167-200 microg/L in water and up to 1.4-1.8 g/kg in sediments) seriously exceeded background values. P. pectinatus was able to survive tissue concentrations (in mg/kg) of up to 920 Cu, 6240 Mn, 98 Co, and 59 Ni, while M. spicatum survived tissue concentrations up to 1040 Cu, 6660 Mn, and 57 Co for. Enrichment ratios of elements in plant tissue and in water were much higher than those between plant tissue and sediments. 相似文献
19.
G. X. Liu M. A. Shu X. L. Chai Y. Q. Shao H. X. Wu C. S. Sun S. B. Yang 《Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology》2014,92(1):71-74
The chronic toxic effects of major heavy metals including copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd) on the filtration rate (FR), sex ratio, and gonad development of immature blood clams, Tegillarca granosa, were investigated. The FRs were significantly inhibited by Cu, Pb and Cd, with rates generally decreasing with both increasing metal concentrations and exposure time. EC50 values for FR after 28 days of exposure were 12.9, 12.7 and 14.4 μg/L for Cu, Pb and Cd, respectively. Zn exposure had no effect on FR. Sex ratios were significantly altered from controls in favor of an increased proportion of males at metal concentrations of ≥14.2, ≥86 and ≥110 μg/L for Cu, Pb and Cd, respectively; and at ≥1.68 mg/L for Zn. The gonado-somatic index was significantly reduced in clams at all metal exposures, except for the lowest concentration of Cu (7.1 μg/L). 相似文献
20.
Md. Saiful Islam Md. Kawser Ahmed Md. Habibullah-Al-Mamun 《Archives of environmental & occupational health》2017,72(1):26-38
Six heavy metals (chromium [Cr], nickel [Ni], copper [Cu], arsenic [As], cadmium [Cd], and lead [Pb]) were measured in sediments and soft tissues of eleven commonly consumed fish species collected from an urban river in the northern part of Bangladesh. The abundance of heavy metals in sediments varied in the decreasing order of Cr > Ni > Cu > Pb > As > Cd. The ranges of mean metal concentrations in fish species, in mg/kg wet weight (ww), were as follows: Cr, 0.11–0.46; Ni, 0.77–2.6; Cu, 0.57–2.1; As, 0.43–1.7; Cd, 0.020–0.23; and Pb, 0.15–1.1. Target hazard quotients (THQs) and target carcinogenic risk (TR) showed the intake of As and Pb through fish consumption were higher than the recommended values, indicating the consumption of these fish species is associated with noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks. 相似文献