广西壮族青少年舌侧弓形研究

目的得出壮族正常[牙合]青少年的舌侧弓形图并分析其舌侧弓形特点。方法测量广西壮族正常耠青少年的60副牙[牙合]模型（男女各30副）得出其舌侧牙弓宽度、长度的均值及标准差，测量结果进行统计学处理并绘制其舌侧弓形图。结果壮族青少年舌侧牙弓宽度均男性大于女性，除尖牙区外均有显著性差异（P〈0．05），而长度绝大多数测量值无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。壮族青少年的舌侧牙弓形态无论男女前牙区均较平，牙弓长度相对短。结论壮族青少年的舌侧牙弓形态有其独特特征，临床矫治时应考虑本地区的特点。     

蒙古族正常牙合青少年牙、牙弓、基骨的测量研究

目的：对56名正常He青少年的牙、牙弓、基骨进行了计算机辅助牙He模型测量研究，以建立正常值。方法：56副正常恒牙模型，用游标卡尺及特制工具测量牙冠宽度、牙弓大小和指数，基骨宽度、长度、腭盖高度，并进行统计学处理并对其特征进行了分析。结果：蒙古族人的牙冠宽度除上第一前磨牙，下第二磨牙外均为男性大于女性；牙弓宽度与基骨宽度为男性大于女性，而牙弓长度与基骨长度男女无显著差别，Bolton、Pont指数男女无显著差别。与汉族人对比，蒙古族人的牙冠宽度大于汉族人，蒙古族人牙弓宽度、长度均大于汉族人，Bolton前牙比指数、Pont前磨牙指数、磨牙指数也大于汉族人。结论：蒙古族人牙冠宽度，牙弓宽度、长度均大于汉族。     

安氏Ⅱ1类矫治前后的模型分析

目的：观察安氏II1类病例矫治产后牙弓的形态变化。方法：选择安错II1类均拔除4颗第一双尖牙病例，取矫治产后石膏模型，测量模型的牙弓宽度，长度，腭盖高度，Spee曲线变化。测得数值经统计学处理。结果。（1）上下牙弓宽度矫治前后有显著差异（P＜0．05），（2）上下牙弓长度，治疗后前段变化不明显，中段及后段的牙弓长度有高度显著性差异（P＜0．001），（3）上颌腭盖深度矫治后较矫治前稍有增加。（4）Spee曲线治疗后明显变小，有显著性差异（P＜0．01），结论：方丝弓桥治技术中对支抗牙进行控制，移动牙齿时应用适当的矫治力及深覆He患者减小其Spee曲线是矫治成功的关键所在。     

重庆市正常(牙合)青少年牙颌模型测量研究

目的通过对92名重庆市正常（牙合）青少年的牙颌模型测量研究，建立重庆市正常（牙合）青少年的牙冠宽度和高度、牙弓宽度及长度、腭盖高度的均值及标准差，为正畸临床提供依据。方法，选取重庆市正常（牙合）青少年牙颌模型92付（男45付，女47付），用数显游标卡尺在模型上测量牙冠宽度、高度、牙弓宽度及长度、腭盖高度，对测量结果进行统计分析并与国内外的相关资料进行对比研究。结果重庆市正常（牙合）青少年的牙冠宽度、高度、牙弓宽度及长度、腭盖高度均为男性大于女性。各测量结果与国内外部分地区的报道有不同。结论人类的牙、牙弓存在种族、地区和性别差异，临床上应参照本地区的标准。     

云南省彝族人正常(牙合)牙、牙弓、基骨的测量

目的：建立云南省彝族人正常（牙合）牙、牙弓、基骨、腭盖高度的正常值,分析彝族人牙、牙弓、基骨的特征。方法：选择云南省彝族人正常模型186副,对牙、牙弓和基骨进行计算机辅助测量。采用SPSS12.0软件包对测量数据分别进行成组t检验、相关分析、直线回归分析,并与汉族人及其他少数民族的相关数据进行比较。结果：云南省彝族人的牙冠宽度、高度、牙弓和基骨宽度存在性别差异,男性测量值大于女性（P〈0.05）;彝族人牙、牙弓多项测量均值大于云南省汉族人（P〈0.05）。结论：云南省彝族人牙、牙弓与汉族人存在种族、性别和地区差异。     

安氏I类错殆拔牙与非拔牙矫治后舌侧弓形对比分析

目的：比较安氏I类错殆拔牙与非拔牙矫治后的上颌舌侧弓形特点。方法：测量安氏I类错殆矫治后的上颌牙殆模型60副（拔牙与非拔牙矫治各30副）得出其舌侧牙弓宽度、深度的均值及标准差，测量结果进行统计学处理并绘制其舌侧弓形图作分析比较。结果：拔牙组前牙区舌侧牙弓宽度、深度均大于非拔牙组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），前磨牙区舌侧牙弓深度拔牙组大于非拔牙组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．001），宽度差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。2组的牙弓形态前牙区较一致，前磨牙、第一磨牙区2组差异较大，从第一磨牙远中舌尖向后弓形又趋于一致。结论：安氏I类错殆拔牙与非拔牙矫治后的上颌舌侧弓形整体形态相似，但拔牙组前部弓形较非拔牙组深。     

江苏地区正常的牙及牙弓测量研究

目的 测量125名江苏地区正常人群的模型,建立江苏地区正常牙及牙列指数的平均值。方法 选取正常模型125副(男61副,女64副),用电子游标卡尺测量牙冠宽度、牙弓宽度及长度、腭盖高度,对测量结果进行统计分析。结果 江苏地区正常人群的牙冠宽度、牙弓宽度及长度、腭盖高度均为男性大于女性,Bolton指数及Pont指数无性别差异。上下颌6个前牙牙冠宽度总和、全部牙冠宽度总和具有相关性,上颌中切牙与上颌前段牙弓宽度之间亦存在相关性,且建立了直线回归方程。结论 牙冠形态、牙列指数存在种族、地区和性别的差异,临床上应参照本民族、本地区的标准。     

江苏地区正常的舌侧牙弓形态

目的：通过对125副江苏地区正常人群的模型测量,研究江苏地区正常舌侧牙弓形态特征。方法：选取正常模型125副（男61副,女64副）,用扫描仪输入电脑,运用Winceph 8.0软件测量舌侧牙弓宽度及长度。结果：本研究探讨了江苏地区正常舌侧牙弓宽度及长度的正常范围,发现江苏地区正常人群中,男性舌侧牙弓宽度及长度都大于女性,并绘出舌侧弓形图,男性较女性弓形宽大。结论：舌侧牙弓形态存在种族、地区和性别的差异,临床上应参照本民族、本地区的标准。     

中国西北地区汉族人群耳垂形态学研究

目的：研究耳垂形态与性别、年龄的关系，为耳垂整形手术提供理论参考依据。方法：抽查了800名18岁到81岁西北籍志愿者，将耳垂分为3种类型：锐角型、直角型、钝角型，统计学分析三型耳垂在男女人群分布情况以及各型耳垂长宽比；另测了男女不同年龄组双侧耳垂长度及宽度，分别将男女耳垂、左右侧耳垂以及不同年龄段耳垂进行统计学分析。结果：三型耳垂各占比例：男性锐角型耳垂32．0％，直角型耳垂29-8％，钝角型耳垂38．2％；女性锐角型耳垂30．3％，直角型耳垂30．5％，钝角型耳垂39．2％；男性耳垂长度19．02±2．52ram，宽度19．76±1．07mm，女性耳垂长度18．52±2．01mm，宽度19．62±1．08mm；左耳垂长度18．78±2．28mm，宽度19．71±1．07mm，右耳垂长度18．79＋2．30mm，宽度19．68±1．08mm。结论：耳垂分型与性别无明显相关（P〉0．05）；左右耳垂长度无差异（P〉0．05），左右耳垂宽度有显著学差异（P〈0．05）；耳垂长度随年龄增长而变长（P〈0．05），这对耳垂整形手术方案的设计以及手术最佳时机选择有很大帮助。     

唇腭裂术后牙弓形态的测量分析

作者对３０名单侧完全性唇腭裂术后患者及３０名同龄正常儿童的牙弓形态进行了测量分析。结果发现唇腭裂术后儿童的牙弓形态有以下特征：上颌牙弓后段宽度明显小于正常同龄儿童（Ｐ＜０．０ｌ）。上颌牙弓前段宽度、上颌牙弓长度、上颌牙弓周长亦小于正常同龄儿童（Ｐ＜０．０５）。下颌牙弓长度则大于正常同龄儿童下颌牙弓长度（Ｐ＜０．０５）。下颌牙弓前、后段宽度、下颌牙弓周长等与正常同龄儿童相比无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。     

骨性Ⅲ类错牙合患者牙弓形态特征分析

目的探讨骨性Ⅲ类错患者的牙弓形态特征,为临床诊断和治疗提供理论依据。方法选择骨性Ⅲ类错患者47例为实验组,个别正常50例为对照组,在石膏模型上测量与牙弓形态特征相关的7个项目,计算上下颌相应测量项目之差,采用SPSS 17.0软件对数据进行独立样本t检验。结果实验组的上颌牙弓前段长度小于对照组,上颌尖牙角大于对照组（P<0.05）;男性实验组的上下颌第一前磨牙间宽度之差大于对照组,牙弓前段长度之差小于对照组（P<0.05）。结论骨性Ⅲ类错患者的牙弓宽度基本正常,但牙弓前段长度不足,且前段弓形较为平直。     

Evaluation of changes in the dentoalveolar morphology in children with asthma

Hereditary, environmental and developmental factors play an important role in dentofacial development as well as the initiation of malocclusion disorder. Allergic phenomenon such as asthma that induce an alternative mode of breathing in patients is a contributing factor in malocclusion. Our objective in this study was to evaluate the dentoalveolar morphology in asthmatic children. This study is centered on 44 asthmatic children aged between 6–12 years from J.S.S Hospital, Mysore. Selected variables from model analysis of the casts of the asthmatic group were subjected to comparison with those of the non asthmatic group, which comprised of 44 non asthmatic children. Selected parameters were arch width, arch length and palatal depth. Differences in arch widths, arch lengths and palatal depths between asthmatics and non asthmatics, and between subjects under regular and irregular medication in the asthmatic groups were evaluated by independent sample's ‘t’ tests. The results obtained revealed that the arch length and palatal depth of asthmatic group had higher values compared to that of non asthmatic groups for both age group (6–8 year old males and females, 10–12 year old males and females). Inter molar width showed a significant lower value in asthmatics in the maxillary arches of 10–12 year old females. Inter incisal width showed a significant lower value in 10–12 year old female asthmatics in the maxillary arch (P< 0.05). The present study proves a strong relation between Asthma and Dentoalveolar morphology as shown by an increased palatal depth and arch widths in Asthmatic children as compared to non asthmatic children.     

Dental arch dimensions in the mixed dentition: a study of Brazilian children from 9 to 12 years of age

Objective

This study evaluated dental arch dimensional changes of Brazilian children.

Material and methods

Dental casts were taken from 66 children (29 males; 37 females) with normal occlusion selected among 1,687 students from public and private schools aged 9, 10, 11 and 12 years, according to the following criteria: Class I canine and molar relationships; well-aligned upper and lower dental arches; mixed dentition; good facial symmetry; no previous orthodontic treatment. Dental arch dimensions were taken by one examiner using the Korkhaus’ compass and a digital pachymeter. ANOVA test was applied to compare the arch dimensions at the different ages and the t-test was used to compare the arch dimensions of male and female subjects. Arch forms were compared by means of chi-square tests.

Results

Only the maxillary anterior segment length showed a statistically significant increase from 10 to 12 years of age. Males had a significantly larger maxillary depth than females at the age range evaluated. The predominant dental arch form found was elliptical.

Conclusion

In the studied age range, anterior maxillary length increased from 10 to 12 years of age, males had larger maxillary depth than females and the predominant arch form was elliptical.     

Three-dimensional palatal anatomic characteristics' correlation with dermatoglyphic heterogeneity in Angle malocclusions

Objectives:To assess correlation of dermatoglyphic (DG) pattern with quantitative palatal anatomic parameters measured using three-dimensional (3D) scanning of dental casts and to explore the possibility of utilizing these to predict future occurrence of malocclusion.Materials and Methods:Pretreatment casts of 477 Saudi Arabian patients were divided into Class I, II, and III malocclusion groups. Fingerprints were recorded for all hand digits using a digital biometric device. Maxillary arch analysis was accomplished including intercanine, intermolar distance, palatal height, and palatal area. The results were statistically analyzed.Results:The mean surface area of the palate was highest in Class II malocclusion. The DG pattern was not significantly associated with the type of malocclusion, except in the instance of the double loop characteristic (P = .05). There was a strong correlation, however, between DG characteristics like simple arch, loop, and double loop and palatal dimensions (intercanine, intermolar distance, and palatal height). Heterogeneity of DG pattern could be reliably used to predict palatal dimensions. Logistic regression revealed that only tented arch, symmetrical, spiral DG patterns and palatal area were significant but weak predictors of Angle malocclusion (P < .05).Conclusions:A novel correlation of DG pattern with 3D palatal anatomic characteristics was assessed in different Angle malocclusion classes. Few of the DG characteristics and palatal dimensions showed significant correlations. However, only some of these were significant predictors of Angle malocclusion.     

正常(牙合)青少年下牙弓后段间隙增龄性变化的观察

目的探讨汉族正常[牙合]青少年13-18岁时下牙弓后段间隙的增龄性变化，为临床全牙弓间隙分析和预测提供依据。方法对26名汉族正常[牙合]青少年（男性12名，女性14名）从13-18岁连续6年每年同期拍摄头颅侧位X线片，进行头影测量纵向分析。结果①13-18岁下牙弓后段间隙的变化男女间差异有统计学意义，女性每侧下牙弓后段间隙平均增长5．12mm，男性平均增长5．79mm；②女性比男性较早结束下颌骨生长改建，女性16岁时，男性17岁时基本停止下颌骨改建；女性13-16岁每年每侧下牙弓后段间隙平均增长1．22mm；男性13-17岁每年每侧平均增长1．45mm；③13-18岁正常[牙合]青少年下牙弓后段间隙的增加与第三磨牙萌出前下颌支前缘的吸收以及第三磨牙萌出时下牙列的近中移动相关，第三磨牙的萌出可能刺激牙列向近中移动。结论下牙弓后段间隙的增龄性变化有年龄、性别的差异。     

Three-dimensional hard tissue palatal size and shape in human adolescents and adults

Hard tissue palatal dimensions and shape in 29 boys and 32 girls (mean age 14 years) and 30 men and 35 women (mean age 20 years), all with a complete permanent dentition including the second molars, and free from respiratory problems, were analyzed. Palatal landmarks were digitized with a computerized 3D instrument, and their coordinates were used to derive a mathematical model of palatal form. Palatal shape (size-independent) was assessed by a four-order polynomial in the sagittal and frontal plane projections. Palatal dimensions in the frontal and sagittal planes were computed, and compared between ages and sexes by two-way factorial analyses of variance. The effect of age on palatal shape was different in the two sexes: while in females the curves in both the frontal and sagittal planes were practically superimposed, in males the youngest subjects had somewhat 'lower' curves than the oldest subjects. Sex had a significant (p<0.05) effect for all variables. Age was significant only for palatal slope in the sagittal plane (p<0.01), and for raphe inclination in the horizontal plane (p<0.05). For all variables but palatal length in the sagittal plane, a significant (p<0.01) sexxage interaction was found: while in males all linear variables were larger in adults than in adolescents, the reverse was found in females. Overall, while in adolescent females palatal form appeared to have already attained adult characteristics, in males some modifications between adolescence and young adulthood were measured. These modifications should be taken into consideration as a possible factor of relapse after orthodontic treatment.     

替牙期62例上颌尖牙阻生儿童牙弓及腭部形态特征分析

目的:比较上颌尖牙阻生与无阻生儿童牙弓及腭部形态的差异,为上颌尖牙阻生早期识别和干预提供参考.方法:选择8～11岁[平均(9.82±1.04)岁]儿童62例,分为实验组(上颌尖牙阻生)和对照组(无上颌尖牙阻生),每组31例.将2组患者石膏模型通过3D激光扫描后转化为数字模型,测量牙弓宽度、牙弓长度、基骨宽度、腭部宽度、...