锁骨下动脉闭塞或重度狭窄血管内治疗疗效及安全性分析

目的研究症状性锁骨下动脉闭塞或重度狭窄血管内治疗的疗效和安全性。方法选择31例症状性锁骨下动脉闭塞或重度狭窄的患者行血管内自膨式支架成形术,分析其疗效及安全性。结果31例症状性锁骨下动脉闭塞或重度狭窄患者中,均用自膨式支架成功完成血管内支架成形术,术后锁骨下动脉狭窄率明显改善、锁骨下动脉盗血综合征和上肢缺血症状明显改善,无并发症出现。结论采用自膨式支架治疗症状性锁骨下动脉闭塞或重度狭窄是一种微创、安全、有效的治疗方法。     

锁骨下动脉狭窄性疾病的介入治疗

目的探讨锁骨下动脉狭窄或闭塞性疾病的介入治疗疗效。方法回顾分析55例锁骨下动脉狭窄或闭塞病变行血管内介入治疗的临床资料。结果46例锁骨下动脉狭窄病变（狭窄率〉70%）成功置入支架,9例闭塞锁骨下动脉中8例成功置入支架。46例经股动脉置入支架,8例经肱动脉逆行置入支架。锁骨下动脉支架成功置入后肱动脉及桡动脉搏动良好,伴有盗血现象的13例患者症状消失。随访发现5例锁骨下动脉支架置入后9~12个月再狭窄,后再置入5枚支架,血管开通良好。结论应用血管内支架治疗锁骨下动脉狭窄或闭塞是一种微创、安全、有效的治疗方法,有望成为主要的治疗手段。     

锁骨下动脉狭窄介入治疗20例随访分析

目的　总结采用两种介入方法治疗 2 0例锁骨下动脉狭窄患者的随访结果。方法　 2 0例有症状男性锁骨下动脉狭窄患者平均年龄 6 3 4岁 ,定量血管造影分析显示锁骨下动脉平均狭窄87% ,双上肢动脉收缩压差平均为 116mmHg。经右股动脉完成球囊血管成形术 8例、支架置入术 11例 ,经右桡动脉完成支架置入术 1例。结果　介入操作全部成功 ,术后即刻桡动脉搏动恢复正常 ,双上肢平均动脉收缩压差降低至 2 4mmHg。未发生严重并发症。 2 0例平均随访 18 5个月 ,除 1例行球囊血管成形术患者复发外 ,其余 19例均良好。结论　经皮球囊血管成形术和支架置入术的效果可靠、操作相对简单和安全 ,可以作为锁骨下动脉狭窄的一线治疗方法。     

介入治疗锁骨下动脉狭窄闭塞16例

锁骨下动脉狭窄或闭塞致椎动脉窃血是导致老年人颅脑供血不足的一个常见疾病,经皮球囊扩张和支架植入是治疗锁骨下动脉狭窄或闭塞的有效方法。我院血管外科自2008年5月至2012年2月采用经皮球囊扩张或腔内支架植入术治疗锁骨下动脉狭窄闭塞患者16例,疗效满意。     

球扩式支架介入治疗锁骨下动脉狭窄或闭塞6例

近年来,随着血管内介入技术的进展,介入治疗为锁骨下动脉狭窄或闭塞的治疗提供了一种微创、安全、简单的治疗方法[1,2]。2011年7月~2014年3月,我院采用球扩式支架介入治疗锁骨下动脉狭窄或闭塞6例,取得了较好疗效。临床资料:锁骨下动脉狭窄或闭塞患者6例,男4例,女2例;年龄49~78岁,平均66岁;均为动脉粥样硬化性狭窄,临床表现为脑梗死5例,患肢麻木无力、手指发凉1例,双上肢血压差20~40 mmH g。     

探索锁骨下动脉狭窄与闭塞的介入腔内处理指征(附28例报告)

目的:探讨锁骨下动脉狭窄与闭塞性疾病腔内处理的临床指征。方法:回顾性分析我院2006年10月至2010年5月间,因锁骨下动脉狭窄或闭塞而行腔内处理的患者28例,男性23例,女性5例,平均年龄(62±13.1)岁,其中动脉硬化性狭窄27例,大动脉炎病变1例,27例患者存在锁骨下动脉盗血综合征的表现,1例为冠状动脉搭桥术前乳内动脉造影中发现锁骨下动脉狭窄,患者并无症状。结果:28例患者腔内处理均获得成功,其中植入球囊扩张式支架27例,单纯扩张1例,全组无围手术期死亡病例,无重大并发症发生,1例穿刺处假性动脉瘤形成,经局部压迫后消失,手术前双上肢收缩压压力差为35～65 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),平均为(41±12.5)mmHg,手术后为(10±5)mmHg,平均为(12±7.3)mmHg,有显著性改善(P<0.05),25例患者随访1年期间,再狭窄1例,经再次处理后效果良好,其他患者无不良事件发生。围手术期并发症为4%,1年原发性通畅率为96%,2次通畅率100%。结论:通过科学的把握介入腔内处理指征,锁骨下动脉狭窄闭塞性疾病可以获得良好的临床效果。     

48例锁骨下动脉盗血综合征患者全脑血管造影结果分析

应用数字减影机(DSA)对48例锁骨下动脉盗血综合征(SSS)患者行全脑血管造影,观察并分析其影像学表现.结果锁骨下动脉瘢痕性狭窄24例,左锁骨下动脉起始部闭塞8例,右锁骨下动脉起始部瘢痕性狭窄8例,夹层致右锁骨下动脉起始部重度狭窄33例,双侧锁骨下动脉狭窄5例.43例患者当患侧不动或不行束臂试验时,盗血现象不明显,当抬高上肢或行束臂试验后,患侧血管盗血现象明显.认为SSS患者是否出现椎动脉供血不足症状与血管狭窄或闭塞程度及侧支代偿程度有关.     

介入治疗右侧锁骨下动脉盗血综合征

目的探讨介入治疗右侧锁骨下动脉盗血综合征的特点和疗效。方法回顾分析11例右侧锁骨下动脉盗血综合征患者行血管内介入治疗的临床资料。结果 11例右侧锁骨下动脉盗血综合征患者成功置入支架,术后锁骨下动脉残余狭窄小于20%,盗血现象消失,椎-基底动脉供血不足症状消失。随访1年未发现再狭窄。结论重视右锁骨下动脉狭窄和闭塞的特殊性和复杂性,仔细了解右侧锁骨下动脉结构特点,做好手术预案是取得介入治疗成功的必要条件。     

锁骨下动脉完全性闭塞的血管内治疗

目的讨论锁骨下动脉完全性闭塞介入治疗方法的可行性、安全性和有效性。方法对28例锁骨下动脉（28支）近端完全闭塞合并有椎-基底动脉供血不足和（或）上肢缺血症状患者进行回顾性分析。其中男20例,女8例;年龄为42～76岁,平均为56岁。根据DSA显示闭塞段形态,应用导丝开通、球囊扩张及支架置入的方法进行治疗。经股动脉穿刺为顺行方式,经病变的股动脉和桡动脉穿刺为逆行方式。结果通浏顷行方式开通19例,逆行开通9例。25例开通成功并置入自膨式支架,失败3例,成功率为89％（25／28）;25例患者置入支架后,症状、体征明显改善。患者双上肢收缩压差由术前〉20舢心,恢复至术后〈10mmHg;术后TCD显示,椎动脉血流均由逆向转为正向。25例成功置入支架患者中,术后随访23例,失访2例,随访时间为2～48个月,平均24个月。有2例分别于术后12个月和15个月时出现支架内再狭窄,再次予以球囊扩张术和支架置入术,取得满意疗效。结论掌握好适应证,血管内机枕眭再通及支架置入术治疗锁骨下动脉闭塞是一种安全、可行、有效的方法。     

椎动脉起始部合并相邻锁骨下动脉重度狭窄支架置入的治疗

目的探讨对椎动脉起始部及相邻锁骨下动脉重度狭窄患者同时置入支架的疗效。方法在18例患者椎动脉起始部狭窄处置入球囊扩张式支架,并在相邻的锁骨下动脉狭窄处释放自膨式支架,两枚支架成T形。操作方法：采用Seldinger技术,将8F导引导管置于锁骨下动脉狭窄的近段,用0.014微导丝,通过椎动脉狭窄段,到达椎动脉远段;同时将0.018导丝通过锁骨下动脉狭窄处;然后沿着0.018导丝将球囊送到锁骨下动脉狭窄处预扩张,沿着0.014导丝,将球囊扩张支架送至椎动脉起始部狭窄处后小心释放;再沿着0.018导丝将自膨式支架送达锁骨下动脉狭窄处释放。术后3～12个月行TCD复查16例。结果14例锁骨下动脉支架术后血流通畅,椎动脉起始部支架术后血流通畅,2例锁骨下动脉支架术后血流通畅,椎动脉起始部支架术后血流速度增快,考虑椎动脉起始部支架再狭窄。术后患者的术前症状好转或消失15例,2例自觉症状无变化,1例术后24h突然出现眩晕、呕吐、声音嘶哑、吞咽困难,患侧有Horner征,面部疼痛、温觉减退,患侧共济失调。结论对椎动脉起始部及相邻锁骨下动脉重度狭窄的患者,通过同时置入支架进行血管内治疗,恢复正常血流,是较为安全、有效的治疗方法。     

Coil occlusion of a subclavian mycotic aneurysm

We report the first successful application of nonferromagnetic embolization coils for endovascular exclusion of a mycotic right subclavian artery aneurysm. A 58‐year‐old woman presented with acute cervical pain and a pulsatile mass in the right supraclavicular fossa under antibiotic medication for subacute infectious endocarditis. Diagnostic work‐up including duplex sonography, digital subtraction angiography, and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a saccular aneurysm of the extrathoracic right subclavian artery. As an alternative to open surgery or stent‐graft repair, this pathology was electively treated by transcatheter coil embolization. No neurological deficit or ischemic symptoms were noted during 9 months clinical follow‐up. Multislice computed tomography scan revealed complete occlusion of the mycotic aneurysm 6 months after the interventional procedure. Transcatheter closure with Inconel embolization coils is a cost‐effective and safe therapeutic option in patients with mycotic aneurysm originating from the subclavian artery. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Percutaneous vertebral artery intervention: a necessary tool in every interventional cardiologist armamentarium

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of endovascular treatment of symptomatic vertebrobasilar insufficiency unresponsive to medical therapy. METHODS: Twenty-eight patients who were regularly followed up in our cardiology clinic with symptoms suggestive of posterior fossa ischemia and with diagnostic or suspicious findings on ultrasound evaluation were evaluated with selective vertebral and subclavian artery angiography. All patients (17 men, 11 women; mean age, 64 years; range, 54-87) had critical lesions (>70% stenosis) in the vertebral or subclavian arteries or both. Those lesions that were considered severe enough to explain the reported symptomatology underwent percutaneous intervention and stent placement. All patients were followed up through clinic visits for a mean of 14.2 months (range, 3.5-24.3). RESULTS: In the 28 patients treated, 25 vertebral and 10 subclavian stents were placed. Success (<20% residual diameter stenosis, without stroke or death) was achieved in 27 patients (96%). One patient who had been undergoing intervention for a subtotal occlusion of the left subclavian artery developed a posterior fossa transient ischemic attack. At follow-up, 25 patients (89%) were alive, and 22 (88%) of those had no further neurological complaints. Three (11%) patients died during follow-up from cardiac complications. One (3.5%) patient had recurrent symptoms with in-stent restenosis at 6 months with successful balloon angioplasty and resolution of symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Posterior fossa ischemia is an underdiagnosed condition that occurs with relative frequency in the usual patient population that interventional cardiologists attend to. Endovascular treatment using coronary wires and stents including drug-eluting stents is the treatment of choice for vertebral artery revascularization due to its high technical success rate, low complication rate, and long-term durability.     

症状性脑动脉狭窄介入治疗的疗效观察

目的评价症状性脑动脉狭窄血管内支架成形术的安全性及近远期疗效。方法回顾性分析2009年—2010年在我院行颅内外动脉支架成形术的10例症状性脑动脉狭窄病人,就手术安全性及术后近远期临床疗效进行分析。结果本组10例病人,手术成功率达100%,8例病人术后症状消失,2例术后症状好转。随访4个月~18个月,所有病人无卒中临床复发,支架内均无血栓形成或内膜增厚。结论血管内支架成形术治疗症状性脑动脉狭窄比较安全,近期疗效较好,其远期疗效有待于进一步继续追踪观察。     

Gateway—Wingspan球囊支架系统治疗基底动脉慢性狭窄的疗效观察

目的评价Gateway—Wingspan球囊支架系统治疗基底动脉狭窄的安全性及有效性。方法回顾性分析20例应用Gateway—Wingspan球囊支架系统治疗基底动脉慢性狭窄患者的临床资料,观察支架置人的手术成功率、狭窄率的改变、围手术期并发症及术后症状改善的情况。结果①20例基底动脉狭窄病变,共置入20枚Wingspan支架,技术成功率为100％。②术后即刻造影证实,狭窄率由（79．0±6．0）％下降至（13．0±3．4）％。围手术期1例发生小脑前下动脉闭塞,导致脑干梗死。③本组在术后1、3、6个月进行随访,根据Malek评分,术后3次评分均为1分者共12例（60％）,均为2分者2例（10％）,均为3分者1例（5％）。这15例患者的病情稳定,其中12例疗效肯定;其余5例术后早期疗效明显,但以后有所下降,其中有3例（15％）1个月时评分为1,3个月时转为2分;有2例（10％）1、3个月为1分,6个月时转为2分。结论经短期随访发现,采用Gateway—Wingspan球囊支架系统治疗基底动脉狭窄安全性及疗效均良好。     

Successful urgent endovascular surgery for symptomatic subclavian artery aneurysmal compression of the trachea.

The purpose of this study is to report the progress of a patient who entered the hospital with symptomatic tracheal compression from a large right subclavian artery aneurysm that was treated with a self-expanding stent graft. The patient was at increased risk for traditional surgery, thus endovascular isolation of the aneurysm was felt to be reasonable. A flexible self-expanding stent graft was placed via a brachial artery cutdown and common femoral access without complication. The symptoms improved and the patient remained asymptomatic at 2-year follow-up with serial CT scan confirmation of aneurysm regression. This unusual case illustrates that endovascular decompression of an aneurysm may have some benefit in alleviating subacute symptoms of extrinsic encroachment into other vital structures. Technical and clinical success was achieved with the stent graft deployment and this seems to be a reasonable alternative to surgery in such patients.     

Fatal subclavian stent infection remote from implantation.

We report the unusual case of a 66-year-old alcoholic male who presented with acute arm ischemia 4 months following ipsilateral subclavian artery stenting. The patient had a petechial rash and Janeway lesions in the distribution of the affected subclavian artery. He had been treated for an infected dialysis graft 10 days prior to entry into the hospital. Subsequent angiogram confirmed a patent stent with intraluminal filling defects and occlusion of the brachial artery. Thrombectomy yielded material that was consistent with septic emboli and CT scan of the chest was suggestive of a mycotic aneurysm around the stent. The subclavian stent was removed surgically and the aneurysm was repaired. Unfortunately, the patient had multiple comorbidities and died of complications during recovery. This is the first case of a subclavian stent infection following septicemia remote from implantation.     

胸主动脉钝性外伤的腔内修复治疗

目的 探讨腔内修复技术在治疗胸主动脉钝性外伤中的可行性和安全性.方法 回顾分析2010年2月至2013年12月期间7例胸主动脉钝性外伤患者的临床资料.术前CTA及术中造影评估病变,回顾术中技术成功率,死亡及截瘫等主要并发症的发生率.术后CTA随访明确有无内漏、支架移位等情况.结果 所有创伤都累及主动脉峡部,包括Stanford B型夹层1例、降主动脉假性动脉瘤6例.全部患者均接受覆膜支架腔内修复治疗,其中1例先行左-右锁骨下动脉转流术.术中6例部分或全部覆盖左锁骨下动脉开口.所有手术患者均获得技术成功,无死亡及截瘫发生.术后随访时间2～28个月,无左上肢缺血症状及神经系统并发症,支架无内漏及移位.结论 腔内修复治疗胸主动脉夹层安全、有效,可行性高.