上转换发光技术侧流免疫夹心法检测麻风患者和家庭接触者PGL-Ⅰ抗体水平

目的:评估上转换发光技术侧流免疫夹心法(UCP-LFA)检测PGL-Ⅰ抗体对麻风接触者发病风险预测的价值。方法:采用UCP-LFA方法检测贵州59例麻风患者、87例家庭接触者和55例健康对照者的PGL-Ⅰ抗体水平。结果:麻风患者中PGL-Ⅰ抗体阳性率为81.4%、麻风接触者为5.7%、健康对照人群为1.8%,差异有统计学意义(P0.005)。少菌型和多菌型PGL-Ⅰ抗体阳性率分别为45.5%和89.4%,差异有统计学意义(P0.005)。BⅠ阳性和BⅠ阴性患者的PGL-Ⅰ抗体阳性率分别为83%和0%,差异有统计学意义(P0.005)。结论:PGL-ⅠⅠg M抗体水平对麻风发病风险有一定的预测作用。     

麻风病血清流行病学调查与化学预防的实施

目的:评价化学预防的保护性,本研究依据血清流行病学调查,对两个麻风病高流行村麻风病接触者和一般人群实施利福平化学预防.方法:采用临床查体、检测血清酚糖脂-1(PGL-Ⅰ)抗体和鼻分泌物麻风菌,了解人群的麻风菌感染状况,为评价预防治疗效果提供科学依据.结果:YG村临床普查率达98%,发现早期病人2例;接触者血清PGL-Ⅰ抗体阳性率76%,麻风菌鼻携带率35%,预防服药率达98%.HG村临床普查率91%,发现早期病人1例,人群血清PGL-Ⅰ抗体受检率54%,其中血清PGL-Ⅰ抗体阳性率33%,服药率达85%.结论:对亚临床感染率较高的人群实施化学预防很有必要.预防后的发病率与血清学等实验室数据可为评价预防治疗提供依据.     

麻风患者的健康家庭接触者对抗麻风杆菌酚糖脂—Ⅰ合成类似物的抗体反应

本研究是在埃塞俄比亚麻风估计患病率为,2.5‰的 Gurage 地区进行。应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对8例瘤型麻风患者家庭的54名家庭接触者、7例结核样型麻风患者家庭的39名家庭接触者、15个无麻风患者家庭的99名健康对照者对酚糖脂-I(PGL-I)的合成类似物(PGL-ISA)的抗体反应进行了调查,并用标准瘤型贮存血清(LSP)的活性百分比表示抗体活性,即抗体值相似文献   

应用酶联免疫吸附试验对麻风接触者进行血清诊断

本文应用蛋白结合的合成二糖抗原(ND-A-BSA)酶联免疫吸附试验对古巴关塔那摩省的3336例麻风接触者血清抗酚糖脂-I(PGL-I)抗体水平及临床情况进行了分析.3336例麻风接触者中660例为家庭接触者,2134例系亲属,435例为工作场所接触者,107例系邻居.分析结果表明,所有接触者的总血清阳性率为9.3%,瘤型麻风接触者的阳性率与其他类型接触者间无显著性差异,亲属的     

M-Dot-ELISA检测麻风家内接触者血清中麻风杆菌特异性抗原

用改良酶联免疫斑点１５试验（简称 Ｍ－Ｄｏｔ－ＥＬＩＳＡ）对麻风家内接触者（ＨＣ）血清进行了麻风杆菌特异性酚酚糖脂Ｉ（ＰＧＬ－Ｉ）抗原检测。７５例ＨＣ均经麻风杆菌明胶微粒凝集试验（ＭＬＰＡ）和酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）证实为麻风杆菌特异性抗体阳性者。结果表明：①７５例ＨＣ中抗原阳性者１６例，阳性率为２１％。接触多菌型麻风（ＭＢ）者的抗原阳性率（２８％）明显高于接触少菌型麻风（ＰＢ）者（０％），两者之间有极显著性差异（ Ｐ ＜０．０１ ）。②抗体弱、强阳性组的抗原阳性率和抗原量之间亦有极显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。③４０例正常人及１０例经ＭＬＰＡ和ＥＬＩＳＡ检测证实特异性抗体阳性的非麻风患者血清标本，抗原检测均阴性。     

一个麻风病高发家系的血清及分子流行病学调查

本文对一瘤型麻风患者在详细询问接触史和对所有家内接触者进行体检后,发现了一个麻风病高发家系.为了追溯传染源,对家系内患者皮损内麻风菌DNA, 对AC9、6-7、GTA9、AT17四位点分型.家系中5例患者长期居住两地数十年,但基因型一致则证实患者均感染同一传染源.应用Flow- Test检测家系内患者及家内接触者血清PGL-I-Ab水平显示,患者PGL-1抗体滴度均在( )或以上,阳性率100%(5/5);家内接触者阳性率66.7%(6/9),提示家内接触者感染较严重.该文有助于提高皮肤科大夫对麻风病的诊断水平.     

抗麻风菌特异性酚糖脂IgA抗体的研究

摘要用NT—P—BSA/ELISA检测抗麻风菌特异性酚糖脂的IgA抗体。检查血清1156份(其中麻风373例,麻风家内接触者81例,职业接触者11例,结核患者144例,正常孕妇120例,正常对照427例)。取截断值为0.040(OD)时,本法的特异性为95.6％,敏感性为63.O％。麻风患者与非麻风人群之间的阳性率差异非常显著(P<0.01)。在246例活动期麻风患者及非麻风人群中,IgA与IgG、IgM呈非常显著的正相关。与IgM抗体相比,看来IgA抗体检测在麻风血清学研究方面的应用价值不大。     

用血清学和PCR研究麻风感染的流行病学

在印尼两个毗邻的村庄,麻风流行率为10.0‰的高流行区,在当地健康人中采集1015份血清和1228份鼻拭子标本。当时该地的病人用DDS单疗,大都不规则。用乳胶颗粒凝集试验(MLPA)和间接ELISA检测血清抗PGL-I及LAM抗体,用PCR检测鼻拭子标本中的麻风菌。结果MLPA阳性率为32％,IgM-PGL阳性率30.8％,IgG-PGL阳性率为6.7％,IgG-LAM阳性率11.6％。IgM-PGL和MLPR的阳性率在年青组中较高。家内接触者和非家内接触者,各种抗体阳性率均无不同。鼻拭子标本做PCR,证明7.8％的人呈阳性,PCR和血清抗体的结果无关联。作者认为这不足怪,因鼻粘膜查见麻风菌不一定发生感染,此外即使有麻风菌感染,如在少     

TAP-1等位基因多态性与复发性尖锐湿疣间的关系

目的 探讨TAP-1333、TAP-1637基因多态性与中国人群复发性尖锐湿疣（CA）的关系。方法 采用扩增阻滞突变系统-聚合酶链反应（ARMS-PCR）技术检测88例复发性CA患者和81例正常人对照者TAP-1333基因位点的A/G单核苷酸多态性，以及60例复发性CA患者和60例健康对照者（对照组）TAP-1637基因位点的A/G单核苷酸多态性。结果 CA组TAP-1333等位基因AA、GG、AG基因频率分别为86.36%、0%和13.64%，对照组各等位基因频率分别为79.01%、0%和20.99%，组间差异无统计学意义（χ2 = 1.604，P ＞ 0.05），OR值 ＝ 1.682（0.748 ~ 3.783）。CA组TAP-1637等位基因AA、GG、AG基因频率分别为3.33%、95.00%和1.67%，而对照组各等位基因频率分别为10.00%、60.00%和30.00%,在CA组，天冬氨酸（Asp）杂合型和纯合型出现频率明显低于对照组，而甘氨酸纯合型明显高于对照组，组间差异有统计学意义（χ2 = 23.682，P ＜ 0.01）。AA型：OR值 = 0.310（0.060 ~ 1.604）；GG型：OR值 = 12.667（3.555 ~ 45.135）；AG型：OR值 = 0.04（0.005 ~ 0.308）。结论 TAP-1333位点基因多态性与复发性CA无关；TAP-1637基因位点多态性可能与复发性CA有相关性。     

麻风病

941192 M-Dot-ELISA检测麻风家内接触者血清中麻风杆菌特异性抗原/曹元华…//中华皮肤科杂志,1994,27(2),-67 对75例麻风家内接触者(HC),均经麻风杆菌明胶微粒凝集试验(MLPA)和酶联免疫吸收试验(ELISA)证实为麻风杆菌特异性抗体阳性者,用改良联酶免疫斑点试验(M-Dot-ELISA)进行了麻风杆菌特异性酚糖脂Ⅰ抗原检测。研究结果表明(1)HC抗原阳性者16例,阳性率为21％。接触多菌型麻风(MB)者的抗原阳性率(28％)明显高于接触少菌型麻风(PB)者(0％)。两者之间有极显著差异,提示应加强对MB接触者的保护和监测。(2)抗体强阳性组的抗原阳性率、抗原量远高于抗体弱阳性组和抗体阴性组。提示应将HC中抗体强阳性和     

Prevalence of IgM antibodies to phenolic glycolipid I among household contacts and controls in Korea and the Philippines.

Phenolic glycolipid I (PGL-I) is a Mycobacterium leprae-specific antigen and the antibodies to the antigen may suggest an M. leprae infection. To compare the M. leprae transmission among the populations, we compared the prevalence of anti-PGL-I IgM antibodies among household contacts and controls between Korea and the Philippines. In Korea (prevalence of leprosy--0.04: 1000), the prevalence of anti-PGL-I antibodies were 4.8% among controls and 8.0% among contacts, respectively. On the other hand, the seroprevalence rate was 10.8% among controls and 13.4% among contacts in the Philippines (prevalence of leprosy--0.70: 1000). Interestingly, a marked difference was noted in the prevalance of anti-PGL-I antibodies among children between the countries; 10-14% among children under 10 years old and 15-18% among those aged between 10 and 19 in the Philippines compared to 0% and 2.9-6.4% in Korea, respectively. This study, therefore suggests that a high prevalance of anti-PGL-I IgM antibodies among children may indicate an active transmission of M. leprae, resulting in a higher incidence of leprosy in the population.     

麻风患者治疗前后血清麻风杆菌特异性抗原和抗体的变化

用免疫斑点试验改良法（Ｍ－Ｄｏｔ－ＥＬＩＳＡ）和酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）对１０例多菌型麻风患者治疗前后的９９份血清进行了ＰＧＬ－Ｉ抗原和抗体检测。结果表明治疗前后及治疗中各段时间的抗原下降速度远快于抗体，二者之间有非常显著性差异（Ｕ＝９．０５，＞２．５８，Ｐ＜０，０１）。抗原量的下降以治疗后第１个月最快（７９．１４％），治疗第３个月时已下降９９％以上，这提示抗原的检测可用于监测多菌型麻风的早期疗效，在发现耐药和抗麻风新药筛选方面亦有应用价值。     

Role of PGL-I antibody detection in the diagnosis of pure neural leprosy

Pure neural leprosy (PNL) is difficult to diagnose because skin lesions and acid-fast bacilli (AFB) in slit smears are absent. At present, the gold standard for PNL diagnosis is the histopathological examination of a peripheral nerve biopsy. Even so, detection of bacteria is difficult and histological findings may be non-specific. Furthermore, nerve biopsy is an invasive procedure that is only possible in specialized centres. Therefore, there is a need for additional diagnostic methods that may help to confirm the clinical diagnosis of PNL. In the present study, an additional laboratory test, the ELISA for anti-phenolic glycolipid I (PGL-I) IgM antibodies, was performed on 103 individuals with clinical and neurophysiological signs of peripheral neuropathy, of which 67 were diagnosed as PNL patients and 36 remained as 'not diagnosed as PNL', as well as on a control group of 34 patients with other neurological diseases. An antibody response was present in 14/67 (21%) of the patients diagnosed as PNL as compared with 3/34 (9%) of controls. Anti-PGL-I positivity was observed in 5/8 (63%) of the AFB positive cases. Patients whose diagnosis was confirmed solely by Mycobacterium leprae PCR on the nerve sample had 4/25 (16%) seropositivity. In addition, anti-PGL-I antibodies were detected in 9/40 (23%) of the PNL patients who were PCR negative for M. leprae DNA. Moreover, two patients who showed clinical and eletrophysiological manifestations suggestive of PNL were diagnosed with the help of their positive test results in the anti-PGL-I ELISA. In conclusion, detection of antibodies against PGL-I in patients with peripheral neuropathy is useful as an additional laboratory test to help PNL diagnosis.     

Comparative evaluation of enzyme immunoassays based on synthetic glycoconjugates and phenolic glycolipid-I for immunodiagnosis of leprosy

Enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) based on synthetic glycoconjugates containing the terminal monosaccharide (M-BGG) or disaccharide (ND-BSA) residue of the trisaccharide component of phenolic glycolipid-I (PGL-I), for immunodiagnosis of leprosy are described. The results of the assays were compared with that of the EIA using PGL-I. All the three assays were highly specific for leprosy. The per cent positivity of active lepromatous leprosy (LL) patients with M-BGG was 78.05 in comparison to 85.36 with ND-BSA and 82.11 with PGL-I. Similarly, the positivity of tuberculoid (TT) leprosy patients in M-BGG assay was lower than that in EIAs using ND-BSA or PGL-I. However, the difference in the positivity of individual category of leprosy patients in the three EIAs was not statistically significant. The correlation between absorbance values of leprosy sera in EIAs based on M-BGG and PGL-I, as well as that in assays using ND-BSA and PGL-I was statistically significant.     

Gelatin particle agglutination assay to detect anti-PGL-I antibodies in leprosy patients and in household contacts: a preliminary study.

A preliminary study of anti-phenolic glycolipid-I (PGL-I) IgM antibody detection using M. leprae gelatin particle agglutination (MLPA) test kit is described. Antibodies were demonstrated in 70% of our leprosy patients taking antileprosy treatment. The percentage of positivity of multibacillary cases was 86.0, whereas that of paucibacillary cases was 30.0. Good correlation was found between bacteriological index and the presence of antibodies. Antibodies were detected in 28% of our patients released from treatment. Fourteen out of 27 household contacts were found to have antibodies but none of the normal controls were seropositive. These preliminary data demonstrate that MLPA test is not applicable as sero-diagnostic test or as a test of cure, but may be useful for epidemiological studies and as a research tool.     

The evolution of antibody response in armadillos inoculated with Mycobacterium leprae

Plasma from 30 armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus) was collected prior to inoculation and at approximately 3-month intervals for a period of 1-3 years. These animals were inoculated intravenously with 6.1 x 10(8) +/- 2 x 10(8) (x +/- SD) armadillo-derived Mycobacterium leprae. These samples were analysed for antibodies of IgM and IgG class to phenolic glycolipid-I (PGL-I) and to sonicated M. leprae components using ELISA and immunoblotting techniques, respectively. We had previously observed among a group of 11 armadillos, that some animals produced and maintained a high IgG antibody response to PGL-I. In this study, an animal's ability to produce and maintain an elevated IgG anti-PGL-I response was significantly correlated with their ability to delay dissemination of the infection and their ability to survive longer. When the animals were moribund, a significant decrease in the IgG anti-PGL-I absorbance value was observed. The detection of PGL-I in the plasma samples collected from moribund armadillos suggested that high concentrations of PGL-I in the plasma may have contributed to a drop in absorbance values by the formation of non-lattice-type immune complexes in vivo. As detected by immunoblotting, the IgM and IgG response to antigens derived from sonically disrupted M. leprae was directed towards molecules with broad bands of immunoreactivity ranging from 21- to 45-kDa. There were no distinguishing features of these antibody responses among armadillos as was evident with the IgG anti-PGL-I responses.     

Antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for determination of anti-PGL-I specific circulating immune complex in leprosy patients

A serological study was performed in 122 individuals: 75 leprosy patients and 47 healthy controls. The ELISA test was performed for IgG and IgM using the glycolipid PGL-I antigen from Mycobacterium leprae. Circulating immune complexes (CIC) were isolated by PEG 6000 precipitation method and after dissociation with an acid solution, the IgG and IgM specific against PGL-I were tested with the ELISA test. The multibacillary patients had high levels of antibodies, compared with paucibacillary patients and controls. The antibodies isolated from the CIC presented a similar spectrum spectral distribution as the serology. A positive correlation between the levels of free and CIC bound antibodies was observed. In contrast with tuberculosis patients, specific antibodies present in CIC were not responsible for false-negative results found in some multibacillary patients' serology, since no or very low levels of specific antibodies were found in PEG precipitated serum of these patients. No relation was observed with specific antibody levels detected in CIC during leprosy reactions.     

Evaluation of Phenolic Glycolipid-I (PGL-I) Antibody as a Multidrug Therapy (MDT) Monitor

Since phenolic glycolipid-I (PGL-I) is an unequivocal marker for Mycobacterium leprae, this antigen has been a good candidate for the serodiagnosis and monitoring of the effectiveness of leprosy chemotherapy. The present study, a continuation of an earlier report, was undertaken to estimate PGL-I antibody titers in 40 leprosy patients 3 and 6 months after starting MDT. All the leprosy groups showed significant declines in anti PGL-I reactivity after 6 months. There was a good correlation between bacteriological indices (BI) and anti PGL-I antibody levels. Thus, PGL-I based serology may be useful in monitoring the response to multidrug therapy.     

酚糖酯-免疫球蛋白M和鼻分泌物中麻风菌PCR检测在麻风流行病学中的应用

目的通过对流行乡村(同烘和南丘)麻风病患者、家内接触者及普通人群麻风菌感染的检测,评估实验流行病学对预测麻风病传播的意义。方法采用酚糖酯-酶联免疫吸附试验(PGL-ELISA)和检测鼻携带麻风菌的PCR方法,开展流行病学调查。结果(1)麻风病家内接触者的酚糖酯-免疫球蛋白M(PGL-IgM)阳性率和PCR检测的麻风菌鼻携带率分别为30.4%和23.1%;但PGL抗体阳性率在家内接触者和普通村民之间却无显著性差异。(2)两村普通村民的PGL-IgM阳性率,在统计学上无显著差异。然而,在<20岁的年龄组中,同烘村的PGL-IgM阳性率却显著高于南丘村。无论同烘或南丘村,PGL-IgM阳性率高峰均在<20岁的年龄组。随年龄的增加,阳性率逐渐下降。此外,女性的PGL-IgM阳性率高于男性。结论两村的新发现病人主要为年轻人,这与两村PGL-IgM阳性高峰位于<20岁年龄组相关。在<20岁的年龄组中,同烘村的PGL-IgM阳性率显著高于南丘村,除与同烘村患病率和发现率均高于南丘村相关,也与消除麻风病运动(LEC)后,同烘村仍有新病人出现有关。这一现象似乎支持麻风患病率与PGL-IgM阳性率相关。为评价麻风病的传播是否得到控制,以PGL的血清学仍是一种有用的方法。