22855例真菌病患者病种及其致病菌种分析

目的:明确我院就诊患者中真菌病种及其致病菌种的分布。方法:对我院皮肤性病门诊2012年4月至2016年8月拟诊为真菌感染的65 751例患者中真菌检查阳性的患者临床资料及分离的致病菌株资料进行回顾性分析。结果:65 751例中直接镜检和(或)培养阳性22 855例,阳性率35%。共包括11个病种,患病人数前三位的病种为足癣5054例,甲真菌病3866例,股癣3071例。共分离出致病真菌5884株,前三位为红色毛癣菌3794株(64.46%),念珠菌943株(16.03%),第三是须癣毛癣菌复合体558株(9.48%)。结论:我院真菌病患者中足癣、甲真菌病和股癣是最重要的病种,常见菌种为毛癣菌和念珠菌。     

4 018例浅部真菌病及其致病菌种分析

 目的 了解广州及周边地区浅部真菌病病种及其致病菌种的构成与分布情况。方法 对2013年1月至2020年12月来南方医科大学皮肤病医院就诊并且真菌培养鉴定阳性的4 018例病例进行病种及致病菌分析。结果 4 018例浅部真菌病病种前三位依次是甲真菌病2 353例（58.00%）、足癣546例（13.46%）、股癣319例（7.86%）;致病真菌前三位分别是红色毛癣菌2 197株（54.15%）,念珠菌1 161株（28.62%）,须癣毛癣菌316株（7.79%）;男性体癣、股癣、头癣和足癣的比例均高于女性(均P<0.05),而女性甲真菌病的比例高于男性（X²=189.23,P<0.05）。结论 广州及周边地区浅部真菌病及致病菌谱的分布大体符合国内的流行趋势,主要致病菌为红色毛癣菌,0～10岁年龄段是头癣和面癣的发病高峰。临床应重视以上特点,有针对性地为浅部真菌病的防治提供指导。     

广东省顺德地区750例浅部真菌病及其致病菌种分析

目的:了解广东省顺德地区浅部真菌病发病情况及病原菌菌种分布特点。方法:对2013年1月~2016年12月就诊于我院皮肤科门诊、有典型临床表现、真菌镜检及培养均阳性的750例患者进行致病病种及菌种分析。结果:750例患者包括7个病种:甲真菌病327例(43.6%),股癣189例(25.2%),足癣103例(13.7%),体癣51例(6.8%),头癣34例(4.5%),手癣23例(3.1%),皮肤念珠菌病23例(3.1%)。菌种分布为:皮肤癣菌383株(51.1%),包括红色毛癣菌314株(41.9%)、犬小孢子菌31株(4.1%)、须癣毛癣菌27株(3.6%)、絮状表皮癣菌7株(0.9%)、断发毛癣菌3株(0.4%)、石膏样小孢子菌1株(0.1%);念珠菌及酵母样菌365株(48.7%),包括白色念珠菌145株(19.3%)、近平滑念珠菌133株(17.7%)、热带念珠菌42株(5.6%)、光滑念珠菌39株(5.2%)、其他酵母菌6株(0.8%);茄病镰刀菌2株(0.3%)。结论:广东顺德地区浅部真菌病以甲真菌病最常见,其次为股癣、足癣;浅部真菌感染中,皮肤癣菌仍占主导地位,红色毛癣菌为优势致病菌。     

江西省农村地区浅部真菌病现场调查及致病菌的研究

目的 了解江西省农村地区居民浅部真菌病构成情况及致病菌的种类。方法 2006年9月至2007年6月对江西省的11个地市、54个县区的66个乡（镇）、村居民以义诊的形式进行浅部真菌病现场调查，同时对513例具有典型临床表现且真菌镜检阳性的皮损进行真菌培养。结果 共调查浅部真菌病患者1284例，其中务农者947例，占73.75%。浅部真菌病包括足癣736例（57.32%）、手癣202例（15.73%）、甲真菌病72例（5.61%）、体癣47例（3.66%）、股癣29例（2.26%）、花斑癣23例（1.79%）、头癣1例、皮肤念珠菌病1例、手足癣135例（10.51%）、手癣合并指甲真菌病12例、足癣合并趾甲真菌病10例、手足癣合并指趾甲真菌病8例、体股癣3例、手癣合并体癣2例，以及手足癣合并体癣、足癣合并花斑癣、足癣合并体癣各1例。分离出致病真菌480株，其中红色毛癣菌301株、白念珠菌88株、须毛癣菌41株、其他菌50株。结论 浅部真菌病的致病菌以红色毛癣菌占优势，白念珠菌第二，各地市之间菌种分布构成差异无统计学意义。     

汝阳地区浅部真菌病及菌种分布特征分析

目的了解汝阳地区浅部真菌病病种及分布情况。方法对579例显微镜直接镜检及培养阳性的浅部真菌病患者进行了回顾性统计分析。结果 579例浅部真菌病患者中,最常见的为手足癣,其次为体股癣、甲真菌病、生殖器念珠菌病、花斑癣和头癣。579株菌种中,须癣毛癣菌最多,其次依次为红色毛癣菌、白念珠菌、絮状表皮癣菌、马拉色菌等。地区分布情况为农村患者344例,城镇患者235例,其中头癣、体股癣、生殖器念珠菌病、手足癣农村地区显著多于城镇(P0.05)。结论汝阳地区皮肤真菌病以手足癣最多见,其次为体股癣;头癣、体股癣、生殖器念珠菌病、手足癣农村地区患者明显多于城镇;浅部致病真菌以须癣毛癣菌最常见,其次为红色毛癣菌,再次为白念珠菌。     

浅部真菌病2600例病原菌分析

目的了解昆明地区浅部致病真菌的分布情况。方法对本科2010年1月-2011年6月拟诊为浅部真菌病患者的临床标本再次进行镜检和分离培养及菌种鉴定,并对结果进行统计学分析。结果 7944份临床送验标本中,直接涂片镜检阳性率29.39%,培养阳性率19.70%,而镜检和(或)培养的阳性率为32.73%,显著高于单一的镜检或培养。上述3种方法的真菌检出率差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.005)。分离的1565株浅部致病真菌中,红色毛癣菌1088株(69.52%),马拉色菌216株(13.80%),须癣毛癣菌118株(7.54%)。镜检和(或)培养阳性的2600例浅部真菌病患者中,足癣803例(30.88%),甲真菌病424例(16.31%),股癣386例(14.85%),体癣364例(14.00%),花斑癣259例(9.96%),手癣194例(7.46%),马拉色菌毛囊炎83例(3.19%)和头癣46例(1.77%),同时患有手癣和足癣41例(1.58%)。结论镜检结合培养法的阳性率显著高于单一镜检或培养法,昆明地区浅部真菌的病种以足癣、甲真菌病、股癣较多见,浅部致病真菌以红色毛癣菌和马拉色菌为主。     

136例股癣发病情况及菌种分析

目的：分析兰州一综合医院分离的股癣病原菌种方法：对临床拟诊为股癣的患者，取标本行10％KOH涂片镜检、分离培养及菌种鉴定：结果：临床拟诊为股癣的169例患者（同时合并足癣者56例）真菌镜检阳性136例（80．47％）；培养分离菌株125株，红色毛癣菌112株（89．60％）、念珠菌9株（7．20％），其中包括白念珠菌8株（6．40％）、近平滑念珠菌1株（0．80％），行膏样毛癣菌4株（3．20％）：结论：肥胖成年男性易患股癣；足癣是股癣的重要传染源；兰州地区股癣主要致病菌为红色毛癣菌。     

延安地区浅部真菌病1422例临床分析

目的了解延安地区浅部真菌病发病情况及致病菌种分布特征和发病相关因素。方法回顾性分析延安大学附属医院皮肤科门诊2012年1月-2015年6月确诊的皮肤浅部真菌病患者发病情况,分析其致病菌种、年龄、性别和临床特征的关系。结果确诊的1 422例皮肤浅部真菌病中,前三位依次是足癣471例(33.12%),甲真菌病284例(19.97%),手癣202例(14.21%);致病菌中前三位依次是红色毛癣菌772株(54.29%),须癣毛癣菌173株(12.17%),白念珠菌147株(10.34%);患病人数最多者为31~40岁年龄组393例(27.64%);男女均以足癣比例最大,分别为264例(34.29%)和207例(31.75%)。结论延安地区浅部真菌病以足癣、甲真菌病和手癣较常见,致病菌以红色毛癣菌、须癣毛癣菌和白念珠菌为主,好发于中青年。     

儿童甲真菌病82例临床及病原菌分析

目的了解儿童甲真菌病的主要临床特征,危险因素及病原菌的种类和构成情况。方法对2003年3月～2006年12月本科门诊就诊的真菌直接镜检阳性的82例儿童甲真菌病患者(年龄≤18岁)进行流行病学调查及真菌的分离培养。结果儿童甲真菌病最常见的感染类型是远端侧缘甲下型,指甲感染者较趾甲感染者常见。手癣、足癣、甲外伤、长期穿不透气的鞋袜是儿童甲真菌病的危险因素。共分离出致病真菌64株,皮肤癣菌59株(92.19%),其中红色毛癣菌57株(89.06%);酵母菌5株(7.81%),白念珠菌最常见。结论儿童甲真菌病最常见的致病菌是红色毛癣菌,其次为白念珠菌。临床特征和危险因素的分析对于儿童甲真菌病的防治具有重要意义。     

690例浅部真菌病及其病原菌分析

目的：了解本所浅部真菌病发病情况及其病原菌菌种分布特点。方法：对拟诊为浅部真菌病的I临床标本行镜检、分离培养及菌种鉴定。结果：在培养阳性的690例浅部真菌病患者中，甲真菌病375例（54．3％）、手足癣112例（16．2％）、体癣29例（4．2％）、股癣51例（7．4％）、头癣32例（4．6％）、糠枇孢子菌毛囊炎52例（7．5％）、花斑癣39例（5．7％）；镜检阳性率为61．1％。分离的690株真菌中，皮肤癣菌共365株（52．9％），以红色毛癣菌最多，为321株（46．5％），犬小孢子菌次之，为29株（4．2％），须癣毛癣菌7株（1．0％）；此外，念珠菌与酵母菌305株（44．2％），霉菌20株。结论：在本组浅部真菌病中，甲真菌病最常见，其致病菌仍以红色毛癣菌占主导地位，念珠菌与酵母样真菌所占比例较往年有大幅增多。     

兰州地区浅部真菌病及病原菌种类分析

目的　了解兰州地区浅部真菌病发病情况及病原菌菌种分布特点。方法　对临床拟诊为浅部真菌病的患者 14 43例 ,取标本行 10 %KOH涂片镜检、分离培养及菌种鉴定。登记镜检阳性患者的相关临床资料 ,分析浅部真菌病的发病特点。结果　真菌镜检阳性 5 94例 (4 1.2 % ) ,主要为足癣 2 3 0例 (3 8.7% )、甲真菌病 165例 (2 7.8% )、手癣 80例(13 .5 % ) ;分离菌株 2 2 1株 ,其中红色毛癣菌 97株 (4 3 .9% )、须癣毛癣菌 65株 (2 9.4% )、念珠菌 3 1株 (14 .0 % ) ,其他菌种2 8株 (12 .7% )。结论　兰州地区浅部真菌病中足癣最常见 ;致病菌以红色毛癣菌占首位 ,须癣毛癣菌位于第二 ,念珠菌居第三。     

兰州地区儿童浅部真菌病及其病原菌构成分析

目的了解兰州地区儿童浅部真菌病的发病情况及病原菌的分布特点。方法对临床拟诊为浅部真菌病的患儿(年龄≤14岁)进行真菌学镜检、培养及分离鉴定。详细登记患儿的相关临床资料,分析儿童浅部真菌病的发病特点。结果临床拟诊为儿童浅部真菌病的314例患儿,真菌镜检阳性282(89.80%)例,其中头癣186(65.95%)例,体癣84(29.78%)例,足癣6(2.12%)例,股癣3(1.06%)例,甲真菌病3(1.06%)例;培养分离菌株201株,犬小孢子菌190(94.52%)株,红色毛癣菌6(2.98%)株,石膏样小孢子菌1(0.49%)株,念珠菌4(1.99%)株。结论兰州地区儿童浅部真菌病中头癣病居首位,致病菌以亲动物性的犬小孢子菌为主。     

Characteristics of superficial fungal infections in the Riyadh region of Saudi Arabia

Background The prevalence and characteristics of superficial fungal infections (SFIs) vary with climatic conditions, lifestyle, and population migration patterns. This study was undertaken to determine the characteristics of SFIs amongst patients visiting the dermatology clinic of Riyadh Military Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, during the period 2003–2005. Methods One hundred and nineteen patients with confirmed SFI (37 males and 82 females), aged between 5 months and 67 years, were included in this study. The diagnosis of SFI was based on clinical presentation confirmed by laboratory analysis. The type of mycotic pathogen and the site of infection were recorded as a function of age and sex. Results Onychomycosis (40.3%) was the most frequent infection, followed by tinea capitis (21.9%), tinea pedis (16%), tinea cruris (15.1%), and tinea corporis (6.7%). Tinea capitis was most prevalent (15.1%) in children (male to female ratio, 1 : 1.57), whereas tinea pedis was most common (11.8%) in adults (male to female ratio, 1 : 2.5). Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Microsporum canis were the most common dermatophytes responsible for tinea infections, and T. mentagrophytes, Candida spp., and Aspergillus spp. were mainly responsible for onychomycosis. Conclusion The prevalence of SFI was twofold greater in females than males. Children were most commonly affected by tinea capitis, whereas adults generally suffered from tinea pedis. The frequency of onychomycosis was nearly three times higher in adults. This study clearly shows that SFIs are of concern in both genders and in all age groups.     

Characteristics of superficial mycoses in Malta

BACKGROUND: A study was conducted to determine the chief agents of superficial mycoses in Malta. Data were collected over a 5-year period from mycologic investigations carried out on all dermatologic specimens sent to the Mycology Laboratory at St. Luke's Hospital in Malta. METHODS: In the period between January 1995 and December 1999, a total of 1271 specimens from skin, nails, or hair were collected from 1200 clinically suspected cases of dermatomycoses. RESULTS: The fungi cultivated included dermatophytes (n = 371), yeasts (n = 33), and nondermatophyte filamentous fungi (n = 12). Trichophyton rubrum (n = 121) was the most prevalent, followed by Microsporum canis (n = 109), T. mentagrophytes (n = 80), M. gypseum (n = 27), Epidermophyton floccosum (n = 17), T. soudanense (n = 10), T. tonsurans (n = 2), T. verrucosum (n = 2), M. persicolor (n = 1), and T. violaceum (n = 1). Candida species were also cultivated, with C. parapsilosis (n = 14) being the most common, followed by C. albicans (n = 12) and C. tropicalis (n = 6). Nondermatophyte filamentous fungi were isolated from nail specimens only. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, superficial fungal infections were reported more commonly in female (n = 207) than in male (n = 182) patients. M. canis was the chief agent of tinea capitis and tinea corporis, whilst T. rubrum was the main causative agent of tinea pedis, tinea manuum, and tinea unguium. Onychomycosis due to Candida species was more common in female than in male patients.     

Tinea pedis in Korean children

BACKGROUND: Tinea pedis is an infrequent disease in children before the age of puberty. There are few epidemiologic and clinical data regarding cases of tinea pedis observed in children. Materials and methods We prospectively collected all cases of tinea pedis in children diagnosed during the years 1995-1997. Only those showing a positive result with potassium hydroxide preparation were included in the study. We performed fungal cultures in Sabouraud's agar in all cases to document the etiologic fungi. The clinical characteristics were investigated. RESULTS: A total of 21 children, aged 3 months to 14 years, were included. Fifteen patients were boys and six were girls. The mean age was 7.1 years. All the children were otherwise healthy. Prior to the establishment of the diagnosis of tinea pedis, 17 patients (80.9%) were treated for eczema without improvement. The intertriginous type was most common (53.3%). The first or second toe-webs were the sites of predilection (32.3%). Eighteen children (86%) had a family history of tinea pedis and more than half of cases (52.4%) showed occurrence in the summer. The results of fungal cultures were positive in 13 patients (57%). Trichophyton rubrum was the most commonly isolated pathogen (69.2%). The other associated dermatoses were onychomycosis (33.3%), atopic dermatitis (14%), plantar warts (10%), and chronic urticaria (5%). Tinea pedis and onychomycosis cleared after treatment with topical antifungals with or without systemic antifungals in all cases. CONCLUSIONS: Tinea pedis in children can occur more frequently than suspected. Our study shows the strong association with a family history and the seasonal relationship with occurrence in summer in more than half of cases. We suggest that tinea pedis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of foot dermatitis in children.