不翻瓣即刻牙种植临床研究

目的：介绍一种微创的即刻牙种植方法,并对其临床效果尤其是美学效果进行评价。方法：对19例颊侧上端边缘骨板完整、无明显急性根尖或牙周炎症的前牙或前磨牙进行微创拔牙术,清创拔牙窝后不翻瓣即刻植入种植体,接上适当高度和直径的愈合基台,制作塑料过度义齿固定于邻牙。3-6个月后制作永久上部结构。病例随访3-18个月,对种植体周围的软硬组织进行评价。结果：19例患者19颗种植体均获得良好骨结合,随访期内无一种植体松动脱落。种植修复成功率100%。种植体周软硬组织保存良好,种植美学效果令人满意。结论：只要选择好适应症,不翻瓣即刻种植短期可获得有保障性的临床效果,方法确实可行。     

不翻瓣技术在前牙即刻种植修复中的临床应用

目的：观察常规翻瓣种植与不翻瓣种植在前牙即刻种植修复中的临床效果。方法60例患者随机分成2组,试验组30例,采用不翻瓣方式行即刻种植术,对照组30例,采用常规翻瓣即刻种植术。记录2组修复后3、6、12个月的红色美学指数、牙槽骨吸收水平及满意度。结果修复后3个月（t=5.585）、6个月（t=6.740）、12个月（t=10.933）,试验组红色美学指数高于对照组（P＜0.05）;修复后12个月试验组患者满意度（87%）高于对照组（74%）（c2=1.667,P=0.197）;修复后3个月（t=6.360）、6个月（t=14.112）、12个月（t=11.553）,牙槽骨吸收水平较对照组低（P＜0.05）。结论前牙即刻种植采用不翻瓣技术与常规翻瓣技术比较,可提高临床修复效果和患者的满意度。     

左上外伤中切牙不翻瓣即刻种植即刻修复病例分析

评估单颗上颌前牙区外伤牙行不翻瓣即刻种植即刻修复的临床效果,探讨影响前牙美学区种植修复效果的临床因素.患者左上中切牙外伤致冠根折,微创拔除患牙,进行不翻瓣即刻种植,术后当天完成即刻临时修复,术后7个月行3 Shape口扫制取数字化印模,完成一体化螺钉固位钛基底(Vario-Base)-氧化锆冠修复.在25个月的随访观察...     

上颌单颗前牙不翻瓣即刻种植修复的临床效果观察

目的 评价即刻种植即刻修复联合不翻瓣技术在上颌单颗前牙位点的临床应用效果,并探讨其技术要点.方法 选择上颌单颗中切牙无法保留的患者17例,采用不翻瓣技术,拔除患牙后即刻植入种植体,并即刻行种植体支持临时冠修复,术后2个月复诊调整临时冠外形,术后3个月行最终修复.最终修复后1、3、6、12、24个月复诊.最终修复即刻、1...     

即刻种植翻瓣与不翻瓣术临床疗效分析

目的:评估即刻种植中翻瓣或不翻瓣手术唇侧骨板骨吸收量、种植体留存率、软组织得分,为临床选择不同的术式提供参考。方法:选取上颌前牙即刻种植的42例患者作为研究对象,分为翻瓣组（22例、24颗种植体）和不翻瓣组（20例、22颗种植体）。应用Mimics软件,通过拟合,比较患者术后当天和术后6个月局部骨量。采用SPSS 20.0软件包分析种植术后6个月时的骨吸收量平均值和方差,统计种植体留存率。于永久修复后2年,对2组患者的粉色美学指数（pink esthetic score, PES）及牙龈乳头指数（papilla index score, PIS）进行评分。结果:翻瓣组与不翻瓣组种植体平台（种植体颈部平台）、中部（种植体长度1/2）、根尖点（种植体最底端）种植术后6个月的骨吸收量分别为（0.591±0.604）、（1.145±0.923）、（0.951±1.092）mm和（0.384±0.321）、（0.469±0.321）、（0.209±0.288）mm。种植体中部及根尖点骨吸收量具有显著差异,种植体颈部骨吸收量无显著差异。2组种植体在观察期内无一脱落,种植体存留率为100%。翻瓣组（19例）及不翻瓣组（18例）单颗种植冠的PES及PIS得分分别为（7.34±1.132）、（8.04±0.631）和（2.04±0.591）、（2.41±0.254）,差异无统计学意义。结论:即刻种植时翻瓣与不翻瓣相比,种植体边缘骨水平均相对稳定,不翻瓣组骨吸收低于翻瓣组。永久修复后2年,两者的PES、PIS无显著差异。     

不翻瓣种植的临床观察及手术探讨

目的：观察不翻瓣种植技术的临床应用效果并探讨其临床操作技巧.方法：45例患者分为60岁以上老年组（A组）和60岁以下非老年组（B组）.术前行CBCT检查,制作手术导板.所有植体采用不翻瓣种植技术植入,术后2-6个月进行永久修复.于修复后6个月和12个月复查,行X线检查和临床牙周检查.结果：A组14例患者植入17枚植体,植入扭矩均≥25 N.cm,平均种植操作时间为12.1 min,修复后1年的平均骨丧失量为0.69±0.40mm、平均探诊深度2.01±0.87ram.B组31例患者植入33枚种植体,3枚植体的植入扭矩＜25N.cm,采用埋入式愈合,平均种植操作时间为11.8 min,修复后1年的平均骨丧失量为0.64±0.29mm.牙周平均探诊深度为2.13±0.90mm.两组病例随访12-24个月,植体存留率100％.两组间骨丧失量及牙周探诊深度无统计学差异.结论：在严格掌握手术适应症,充分术前计划和精湛手术技巧的前提下,不翻瓣种植手术具有过程简单,时间短,术后反应轻等优势,尤其适合于老年患者,短期内可达到与翻瓣手术相同的存留率.     

上颌前牙即刻种植应用翻瓣和不翻瓣技术的临床研究

目的:观察对比上颌前牙即刻种植术中应用翻瓣与不翻瓣两种手术的临床效果.方法:选择我科行上颌前牙区即刻种植义齿修复30例,随机分为翻瓣组与不翻瓣组各15例.两组均使用SIC种植系统种植体,以Biooss骨粉作为植骨材料,混合术中种植窝制备时获得的骨屑,通过自身血液润湿,以可吸收Biogide胶原膜为屏障膜.翻瓣组,翻瓣后...     

上颌切牙不翻瓣即刻种植的临床效果

目的评估上颌切牙单牙不翻瓣即刻种植对牙槽骨和牙龈附着的影响。方法选择15例上颌前牙区因外伤、残根或根折等需拔除患牙行即刻种植修复的患者,共15颗切牙,术前行X线曲面断层片及牙科CT检查,评估牙槽骨高度、厚度与牙龈附着情况,微创拔除患牙后作植入前评估,采用不翻瓣即刻种植方法植入Anky-los种植体15颗,骨缺隙部分填充骨粉,穿龈愈合。术后5个月复诊行上部结构修复,对比术前与修复后的牙槽骨与牙龈退缩情况。结果 15颗种植体成功完成上部结构修复。修复时和术前比较,牙槽骨吸收(1.10±0.26)mm,牙龈退缩(0.81±0.31)mm,牙龈乳头形态保存良好。结论上颌切牙位点使用不翻瓣即刻种植,能有效保护种植区牙槽嵴,从而防止牙龈出现明显退缩,有利于维持种植区的美学效果。     

不翻瓣即刻种植近期临床效果观察

目的 探讨不翻瓣即刻种植术的近期临床效果.方法 拟行种植修复的患者65例,患牙拔除后行不翻瓣即刻种植术,共植入种植体86枚.随访24～48个月,通过临床、X线检查,分析种植体植入后牙龈情况、种植体松动度及种植体周围牙槽骨的吸收情况.结果 随访期间,86枚种植体中2枚因松动拔除,其余种植体周围牙龈无异常,种植体无松动,X线片检查种植体周围无透射影区,获得良好的骨结合,种植体周围软硬组织保持完好,美学效果满意.种植体2年成功率为97.7％.结论 不翻瓣即刻种植的近期临床效果满意.     

前牙区不翻瓣即刻牙种植术后软硬组织变化的研究

目的:评测前牙区不翻瓣即刻牙种植的近期临床效果及软硬组织变化。方法:2008-07—2012-11于同济大学附属口腔医院种植科就诊的患者中,选择上颌前牙无法保留,适合采取即刻不翻瓣种植的患者纳入实验。于术中,术后3个月、6个月分别测量缺失牙近、远中骨高度及牙龈乳头的高度。结果:共18例患者22颗患牙纳入本研究。X线结果表明种植体均形成良好骨结合。种植后3个月,牙槽骨唇颊侧骨板近、远中吸收分别为(0.47±0.03)mm和(0.56±0.06)mm;6个月时骨吸收分别为(1.60±0.05)mm和(1.73±0.04)mm。种植3个月时,近、远中牙龈附着退缩为(0.41±0.05)mm和(0.53±0.03)mm,6个月牙龈时附着退缩分别为(0.51±0.03)mm和(0.62±0.04)mm。结论:前牙区不翻瓣即刻牙种植能良好地保存种植体周围骨组织及软组织高度,在选择合适适应证的条件下,能在减少手术创伤的基础上获得良好的修复效果。     

全牙列缺失口腔种植的即刻修复

为保证种植体初期稳定性,形成良好的骨整合,通常需在种植体植入后3～6个月再延期修复近年来,越来越多的文献报道了全牙列缺失即刻修复的病例,且取得了良好的临床效果。但是,对全牙列缺失的即刻修复尚存一些争议。本文在回顾近年文献的同时结合本课题组的研究结果,对上下颌牙列缺失即刻修复进行评估,并提出相关论点。     

部分牙缺失种植即刻功能负荷的临床探讨

目的:对部分牙缺失种植即刻功能负荷进行临床探讨。方法:将NobelBiocare种植体植入颌骨内,种植体植入扭力必须达到35Ncm以上。选择永久基台接在种植体上,用一定的扭力拧紧基台,基台水平印模,按常规制作和即刻戴上临时塑料修复体。6周后再印模,制作和戴上烤瓷修复体。结果:36例65枚种植体中,下颌22例41枚种植体,上颌14例24枚种植体,修复后成功率为98.5%。结论:部分牙缺失种植即刻功能负荷初步临床结果是满意的,其长期效果有待进一步的观察。     

Immediate vs. early loading of dental implants: 3‐year results of a randomized controlled clinical trial

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to test whether or not immediately loaded implants exhibit the same survival rates as early loaded implants. Material and methods: Eleven patients with bilateral free end mandibles were randomly assigned to treatment either with immediately (test) or early loaded implants (control). Test implants received provisionals in occlusion on the day of surgery, control implants 6 weeks later. Parameters assessed included implant stability quotient (ISQ), plaque, prosthesis stability and radiographs at baseline (implant insertion), 1 and 3 years. The statistical analysis was performed by means of Student's paired t‐test and Wilcoxon's signed‐rank test. The level of significance was set at P<0.05. Results: After a mean observation period of 39.8 months (36.7–53.1), three test implants were lost in two patients resulting in a survival rate of 85% compared with 100% for control implants. At baseline, the mean marginal bone level was significantly higher at test implants (mean=0.36 mm, SD ±0.5) compared with control implants (1.08±0.37 mm). For both test and control implants, the bone level significantly decreased from baseline to 3 years (test: 1.51±0.79 mm; control: 0.89±0.94 mm). The bone loss until 3 years was not significantly different between test and control group. There was no significant difference for ISQ both at test and control implants between baseline (test: 63.59±4.62 mm, control: 65.35±7.43 mm) and 3 years (test: 66.47±7.47 mm, control 68.80±8.75 mm). Conclusions: Immediate loading was associated with a lower implant survival rate. Although the test implants were placed with increased sink depth compared with the control implants, the marginal bone levels were not different between test and control at 3 years. To cite this article:
Zembi? A, Glauser R, Khraisat A, Hämmerle CHF. Immediate vs. early loading of dental implants: 3‐year results of a randomized controlled clinical trial.
Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21 , 2010; 481–489.
doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2009.01898.x     

Immediate Occlusal Loading of NanoTite™ PREVAIL® Implants: A Prospective 1-Year Clinical and Radiographic Study

Background: Recently, a new implant surface texture, featuring application of nanometer‐scale calcium phosphate has been shown to enhance early bone fixation and formation in preclinical studies and in human histomorphometric studies, which may be beneficial in immediate loading situations. Aim: The purpose of the present prospective clinical study was to, during 1 year, clinically and radiographically evaluate a nanometer scale surface modified implant placed for immediate loading of fixed prostheses in both maxillary and mandibular regions. Materials and Methods: Thirty‐five out of 38 patients who needed implant treatment and met inclusion criteria agreed to participate in the study and were consecutively enrolled. Surgical implant placement requirements consisted of a final torque of a least 25 Ncm prior to final seating and an implant stability quotient above 55. A total of 102 NanoTite? PREVAIL® (NTP) implants (BIOMET 3i, Palm Beach Gardens, FL, USA) (66 maxillary and 36 mandibular) were placed by one investigator, and the majority of these were placed in posterior regions (65%) and in soft bone (69%). A total of 44 prosthetic constructions were evaluated consisting of 14 single‐tooth restorations, 26 fixed partial dentures, and four complete fixed restorations. All provisional constructions were delivered within 1 hour, and the final constructions placed after 4 months. Implants were monitored for clinical and radiographic outcomes at follow‐up examinations scheduled for 3, 6, and 12 months. Results: Of the 102 study implants, one implant failed. The simple cumulative survival rate value at 1 year was 99.2%. The average marginal bone resorption was 0.37 mm (SD 0.39) during the first year in function. According to the success criteria of Albrektsson and Zarb, success grade 1 was found with 93% of the implants. Conclusion: Although limited to the short follow‐up, immediate loading of NanoTite Prevail implants seems to be a viable option in implant rehabilitation, at least when a good initial fixation is achieved.