食管测压与24h pH监测相关性研究

目的：分析胃食管反流病患者症状发生与酸及胆汁反流事件之间的关系。方法：对32例有胃食管反流病典型症状（烧心,反食,反酸）患者行24h食管内pH及胆汁同步监测。以DeMeester计分14．72为标准将患者分成无明显酸反流组及有明显酸反流组。分析两组患者所标记的症状发生的时间（餐时、餐后、直立位和卧位）;是否与酸反流事件或胆汁反流事件或酸和胆汁混合反流事件有关。结果：32例患者监测中共发生症状272次（包括烧心、反酸、胸痛和反食）。第一组患者人平症状发生次数低于第二组（5.1vs11.3)。第一组仅28．6％的症状发生与酸反流有关,而第二组有65．8％的症状发生与酸反流有关。两组仅有8．5％的症状发生与胆汁反流有关。第二组与酸有关的症状指数计分明显高于第一组（P＜0．05）。结论：反流症状的发生明显与酸反流事件相关而较少与胆汁反流事件相关。胆汁反流不是导致胃食管反流症状的主要因素。     

酸和胆汁反流与反流症状之间的关系

胃食管反流病 (ＧＥＲＤ)临床常见。为明确胃食管酸和胆汁反流在ＧＥＲＤ症状发生中的作用 ,我们对一组有典型ＧＥＲＤ症状患者进行了同步食管内 2 4ｈｐＨ监测及胆汁监测。1 对象与方法 :32例有典型胃食管反流症状患者 ,男 2 1例 ,女 11例 ,平均年龄 42 6 (2 3～ 6 2 )岁。所有患者均无胃食管手术史 ,排除十二指肠球部溃疡。按食管内 2 4ｈｐＨ及胆汁监测操作常规[1] 进行 2 4ｈｐＨ及胆汁同步监测。通过症状事件按钮将监测期间的症状进行标记。以ｐＨ <4的总百分时间≥ 4 4%为病理性酸反流 ,其 <4 4%为生理性反流。并对每一次症状进行分…     

反流性食管炎85例酸及胆汁反流的同步监测

目的：研究反流性食管炎（RE）患者酸和胆汁反流的发生情况。方法：RE患者85例及健康志愿者20例,应用DigitraperMKⅢ型便携式pH监测仪及Bilitec 2000便携式胆汁监测仪同步监测食管24h pH变化及胆汁反流。结果：RE组有酸和胆汁共同反流者为53例（62．4％）,单纯酸反流者26例（30．6％）,单纯胆汁反流者3例（3．5％）,无任何反流者3例（3．5％）。RE组中酸及胆汁反流次数、持续反流大于5min次数、最长持续反流时间及反流总时间百分比均明显高于对照组（P＜0．01）。结论：胆汁反流与酸反流同样常见于RE患者,在胃食管反流病的发生中起重要作用,同步动态监测食管pH值及胆汁变化对RE的诊断有重要意义。     

反流性食管炎与非糜烂性反流病食管酸暴露的特点比较

目的　比较反流性食管炎 (RE)与非糜烂性反流病 (NERD)各亚组食管酸暴露特点。方法　具有典型反酸 烧心等症状的 12 8例患者 ,经胃镜等系统检查诊断为胃食管反流病 (GERD)。便携式 pH监测仪行胃食管 2 4hpH监测 ,DeMeester积分≥ 15分为存在病理性酸反流。 结果　 12 8例患者中 ,37例 (2 8 9% )存在RE ,91例 (71 1% )为NERD。pH监测阳性在RE组和NERD组中分别为 2 5例 (6 7 6 % )和 4 6例 (5 0 5 % ) ,差异无统计学意义 ;两组DeMeester积分均值差异亦无统计学意义 (5 3 4 5± 6 2 0 4比 4 0 0 4± 6 1 80 ,P >0 0 5 )。RE组长反流次数显著高于NERD组 (8 16±10 2 7比 3 96± 6 87,P =0 0 0 4 )。以症状指数 >5 0 %为阳性 ,NERD阳性组 (pH值监测异常 )症状指数阳性率显著高于NERD阴性组 (pH值监测正常 ) (43 5 %比 15 6 % ,P <0 0 0 1)。NERD阴性组中具有阳性症状指数的患者 7例 (15 6 % ) ,阴性症状指数者 38例。前者总反流次数及立位反流时间百分比显著高于后者。RE患者中 ,12例 pH监测阴性者食管及胃内pH的中位值显著高于 pH监测阳性者。结论　RE患者长反流发生率高于NERD患者 ;症状的发生与酸反流相关 ;NERD患者根据酸反流与症状关系可分为不同的亚组。RE阴性组可能存在混合反流或胆汁反流     

酸反流与胆汁反流在胃食管反流病中的作用

目的探讨酸反流与胆汁反流在胃食管反流病(GERD)中的作用及相互关系.方法46例GERD患者(反流性食管炎组30例,胃镜阴性组16例)及26例健康对照者在完成食管测压后,应用便携式食管pH监测仪及Bilitec2000胆汁反流监测仪,同时进行24h食管内酸及胆汁反流的动态连续监测.结果GERD患者酸反流及胆汁反流各指标均明显高于健康对照者,且与食管炎严重程度一致.pH＜4总时间百分比与胆红素光吸收值(Abs)＞0.14,总时间百分比存在线性相关关系(r=0.34,P＜0.01).酸反流和胆汁反流共存的双重反流在GERD患者中最为常见,且较单纯反流更易引起严重食管炎.结论GERD患者中较为常见的双重反流对食管粘膜的损伤作用强于单纯酸或胆汁的不完全反流,酸反流与胆汁反流间可能有正性协同作用;联合应用胃镜检查及食管内酸和胆汁反流监测将为GERD的诊治提供可靠的客观依据.     

特发性肺纤维化与胃食管反流的相关性研究

目的 探讨特发性肺纤维化(IPF)与胃食管反流的相关性,分析其临床特点.方法 选2011年1月至2013年10月中国医科大学附属第一医院住院或门诊IPF患者25例(IPF组),另选非IPF的间质性肺疾病患者23例作对照(非IPF组),两组患者行24 h食管pH值监测,分析胃食管反流特点及其临床特征.结果 胃食管反流阳性IPF组16例,非IPF组8例.IPF组DeMeester评分高于非IPF组,差异有统计学意义[(22.8±21.5)分比(15.7±14.0)分;P＜0.05].IPF组长反流(反流时间持续＞5 min)次数[(3.8±4.1)次]、反流指数(1.8±1.7)高于非IPF组[(2.1±2.1)次;1.3±1.2],但差异无统计学意义.IPF胃食管反流阳性者合计反流时间百分比(pH ＜4.0)[(9.2±5.1)％]、直立位反流时间百分比[(8.5±5.2)％]、仰卧位反流时间百分比[(10.8±10.7)％]、反流次数[(54.2±22.7)次]、长反流次数[(6.3±4.2)次]、最长反流时间[(14.5±15.3) nin]、反流指数(2.5±1.7)和DeMeester评分[(34.9±20.3)分]明显高于阴性者,差异有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05).DeMeester评分与胃食管反流病问卷(GerdQ)评分呈正相关(r=0.667,P＜0.01).IPF患者胃食管反流阳性者典型胃食管反流症状:烧心7例,反流6例,多于胃食管反流阴性者(烧心2例,反流1例).结论 IPF患者胃食管反流阳性率高,但往往缺少典型的胃食管反流症状.在不具备胃酸监测条件的医院,GerdQ可用于评价IPF患者是否存在胃食管反流.     

非糜烂性胃食管反流病患者的反流事件研究

[目的]研究非糜烂性胃食管反流病(NERD)患者的胃食管反流事件,为进一步探讨NERD发病机制和有效治疗提供临床依据。[方法]68例NERD患者进行食管阻抗-pH监测,根据监测结果、症状指数,分为病理性酸反流(PAR)组、功能性烧心(FH)组、高敏性食管(HE)组,比较3组间反流事件的差异,研究反流与症状之间的相关性。[结果]PAR组总反流次数、酸反流次数、混合反流次数均高于FH组、HE组;HE组总反流次数、弱酸反流次数、混合反流次数、非酸反流次数均高于FH组;各组近段反流次数比较差异无统计学意义。68例中35例(51.5%)SI和(或)SAP呈阳性,其中50%的症状与弱酸反流相关,40%的症状与酸反流相关,少部分症状与非酸反流相关。[结论]PAR、FH、HE患者的食管阻抗-pH监测结果存在差异,可为临床鉴别诊断和治疗提供一定的依据。     

胆汁反流检测在胃食管反流病诊断中的意义

目的研究食管胆汁反流的发生情况,探讨其与酸、碱反流的关系及其对胃食管反流病（ＧＥＲＤ）的诊断意义。方法应用便携式２４小时ｐＨ监测仪及胆汁监测仪同步检测反流性食管炎（ＲＥ）、胃切除术后者及健康志愿者共３４例的食管内２４小时ｐＨ变化及胆汁反流情况。结果ＲＥ组食管酸暴露时间比对照组及胃手术后组均显著增加。各组间ｐＨ＞８总时间百分比结果相似,均较低。食管胆汁反流用胆红素吸收值≥０．１４的时间百分比表示,以胃手术后组为最高,ＲＥ其次,二组均较对照组明显为高。食管胆汁反流与酸暴露时间之间密切相关（ｒ＝０．７５,Ｐ＜０．０５）。６３．６％的ＲＥ患者同时存在酸及胆汁反流。结论食管胆汁反流并不少见,可与酸反流同时存在,其在ＧＥＲＤ的发生过程中起一定作用。同步动态检测食管内ｐＨ值及胆汁对ＧＥＲＤ的诊断有重要意义。     

莫沙必利治疗胃食管反流病的随机、双盲、安慰剂交叉对照研究

目前对促胃肠动力药莫沙必利改善中国汉族胃食管反流病（GERD）患者胃食管反流症状和食管运动障碍的作用尚缺乏系统观察。目的：观察莫沙必利对中国汉族人群中GERD患者的治疗作用。方法：采用随机、双盲、安慰剂交叉对照研究设计，选取有典型胃食管反流症状的GERD患者23例行胃食管反流症状评估、食管测压以及24h食管DH和胆红素联合监测，对比研究莫沙必利和安慰剂各1周交叉治疗对胃食管反流症状的改善情况，以及对食管运动功能和胃食管反流事件的影响。结果：与安慰剂治疗相比，莫沙必利治疗可降低胃食管反流总症状积分，加快食管体部蠕动波传导速度，增加湿咽成功率，减少食管下端pH〈4总反流次数和长时间（≥5min）反流次数，降低pH〈4总时间百分比和DeMeester计分，降低食管下端胆汁反流总时间百分比，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：莫沙必利治疗1周可有效改善本组中国汉族GERD患者的胃食管反流症状，部分改善食管运动障碍以及酸反流和胆汁反流．是治疗GERD安全、有效的药物。     

呼吸系统症状为主的胃食管反流病48例临床分析

目的:观察以呼吸系统症状为主的胃食管反流病(GERD)患者酸反流事件和基础下食管括约肌压力(LESP)的关系。方法:对48例以呼吸系统症状为主的GERD患者的临床特点进行分析,测定食管内PH值和食管压力。结果:有呼吸系统症状的GERD患者,其食管下括约肌功能有所改变;质子泵抑酸剂和促胃肠道动力药物治疗前后24h食管反流变化和食管内pH值变化均有显著性差异;治疗后呼吸系统症状得到改善。结论:胃食管反流可以作为独立原因引起呼吸道病症状,抑酸抗反流治疗对胃食管反流相关的呼吸系统症状有较好的近期疗效。     

The role of acid and duodenal gastroesophageal reflux in symptomatic GERD

OBJECTIVE: Mixed reflux of acid and duodenal contents frequently occurs in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The aim of this study was to establish the contribution of acid and duodenal gastroesophageal reflux (DGER) to symptoms in patients with presumed GERD. METHODS: A total of 72 patients (37 women), mean age 45 yr (+/-2 yr), underwent 24-h ambulatory pH and Bilitec monitoring. Patients pressed a marker button when experiencing typical symptoms. For each symptom episode, minimal pH and maximal bilirubin optical density in a 2- or 4-min interval were calculated. For each patient, the symptom index (SI) and symptom-association probability for acid and for bile reflux were determined. RESULTS: A total of 544 symptom episodes were identified. Using a 2-min interval, 28% were associated with acid reflux, 9% with DGER, and 12% with mixed reflux. No significant difference was found when a 4-min interval was used. A positive SI for acid reflux was present in 21% of the patients and for DGER in 14%. All patients with a positive SI for DGER had also a positive SI for acid reflux. A positive symptom-association probability for acid reflux was present in 22% of the patients, for DGER in 7% of the patients, and for mixed reflux in 10% of the patients. CONCLUSIONS: Symptom episodes in patients with presumed GERD are more related to acid reflux than to DGER. DGER does not play a major role in producing typical esophageal symptoms.     

Extraesophageal gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms are not more frequently associated with proximal esophageal reflux than typical GERD symptoms

Extraesophageal (EE) symptoms such as cough and throat clearing are common in patients referred for reflux testing, but are less commonly associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Patients with reflux associated EE symptoms often lack typical GERD symptoms of heartburn and regurgitation. Our aim was to compare the frequency of proximal esophageal reflux between esophageal (typical) symptoms and EE (atypical) symptoms. Combined multichannel intraluminal impedance‐pH (MII‐pH) tracings were blinded by an investigator so that symptom markers were relabeled with a number without disclosure of symptom type. We selected 40 patients with at least five reflux‐related symptom events for one of four symptoms (heartburn, regurgitation, cough, or throat clearing). A blinded investigator analyzed all 200 reflux episodes, reporting the proximal esophageal extent of the reflux for all symptoms. The percentage of symptom‐related reflux extending proximally to 17 cm above the LES was similar among all four symptom types. At least 50% of all symptoms were associated with proximal esophageal reflux to 17 cm, with regurgitation having the highest frequency at 60%. Our data indicate that EE symptoms are not more frequently associated with proximal esophageal reflux than typical esophageal symptoms.     

Stratification and symptom characteristics of non-erosive reflux disease based on acid and duodenogastroesophageal reflux

Background and Aim: The subgroups and symptom characteristics of non‐erosive reflux disease (NERD) based on acid and duodenogastroesophageal reflux may be different in Chinese patients to Western patients. This study aimed to explore the stratification and symptom characteristics of patients with NERD. Methods: Patients with typical heartburn and/or acid regurgitation symptoms were enrolled. Each patient filled out a questionnaire. An upper gastrointestingal endoscopy was performed for each patient followed by simultaneous ambulatory 24‐h esophageal pH and Bilitec (bilirubin) monitoring. A symptom index (SI) of ≥50% was considered to be positive. Results: Eighty‐two consecutive NERD patients were evaluated. Abnormal (NERD pH+) and normal (NERD pH–) 24‐h pH tests were found in 24 (29.3%) and 58 (70.7%) patients, respectively. Among 42 NERD pH– patients who reported heartburn symptoms during monitoring, SI was positive in 19 (45.2%) patients (NE‐SI+) and negative in 23 (54.8%) patients (NE‐SI–). Pathological duodenogastroesophageal reflux (DGER) was found in 43 (52.4%) patients. No significant differences were noted regarding the prevalence of other upper gastrointestinal symptoms, except for acid regurgitation in NERD pH+ and NERD pH– groups. Additionally, no significant differences were seen in the prevalence of other symptoms, except for chest pain, in groups with pathological and normal DGER. Conclusion: The proportion of NERD patients with pathological acid reflux was somewhat lower than that reported in Western countries. The role of DGER in NERD may be important. It is difficult to differentiate whether NERD patients have pathological acid or bile reflux according to symptoms.     

The relationship between acid and bile reflux and symptoms in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.

BACKGROUND: The role of bile in the genesis of oesophageal symptoms and disease is incompletely understood. A new method of ambulatory bile monitoring may help to define this role. AIMS: To establish the relationship between symptom events and acid and bile reflux episodes. PATIENTS: 59 consecutive patients presenting for further investigation of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. METHODS: All patients underwent combined ambulatory pH and bile monitoring. For each patient, a symptom index (SI) was calculated in relation to both acid reflux and bile reflux episodes. RESULTS: Patients were divided into those without (group 1, n = 21) and those with (group 2, n = 38) acid reflux. A total of 394 symptoms were identified in 59 patients. In group 1, there were fewer symptom events per patient (mean 4.1) than group 2 (mean 8.1). Twenty three per cent of symptom events were associated with acid reflux in group 1 and 41% in group 2. Only 6% of symptom events in both groups were related to bile reflux. In group 1 both the acid and bile related SI score were low. In group 2 the bile related SI score was low, but the acid related SI score was high. CONCLUSIONS: Symptoms are much more often related to acid reflux than bile reflux. Bile reflux does not seem to be a major factor in producing oesophageal symptoms.     

Comparison of central and intraesophageal factors between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) patients and those with GERD‐related noncardiac chest pain

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) causes a wide range of symptoms. Some patients present with typical symptoms such as heartburn and regurgitation and others with atypical symptoms such as chest pain. The mechanism responsible for the varying clinical presentation of GERD is still not fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate differences in central and local intraesophageal factors between patients with typical GERD symptoms and those with noncardiac chest pain (NCCP). Patients presenting with typical and atypical symptoms suspicious of GERD underwent upper endoscopy and 24‐hour pH monitoring with four sensors, each positioned at a different esophageal level. All patients completed GERD symptom, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Symptom Stress Rating questionnaires. From January 2006 to December 2009, 50 patients were recruited, 29 with typical symptoms, and 21 with NCCP. Patients with proven GERD and NCCP had higher proximal extension of acid during reflux episodes than patients with typical symptoms. They were found to be older, had a shorter history of symptom onset, worse anxiety scores, and more endoscopic findings compatible with gastritis. Proximal extension of acid during the reflux episodes in patients with GERD presenting with NCCP may play a role in symptom generation.     

Visceral sensitivity in gastroesophageal reflux

Symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is characterized by a wide spectrum of symptoms. The variance of GERD symptoms may be due to a decreased threshold for symptom elicitation/perception described as visceral sensitivity. In this study GERD symptoms were scored for presence/frequency. The symptom score was weighted for the presence/frequency of typical reflux symptoms: heartburn, retrosternal pain, and regurgitation. The weighted GERD symptom score was used to assess symptom expansion and the hypothesis of GERD visceral sensitivity. One hundred five subjects with heartburn/retrosternal pain underwent esophageal pH studies. Subjects with abnormal esophageal pH studies reported more GERD-related symptoms, occurring more frequently, compared to subjects with normal esophageal pH studies. Symptom scores correlated with the number of reflux episodes but not with the length of time of mucosal exposure to acid. Therefore, aggregation of symptoms in gastroesophageal reflux is associated with frequent alternation between low and normal pH values in the distal esophagus.     

胃食管反流病与特发性肺间质纤维化的关系

目的 明确特发性肺间质纤维化(IPIF)患者胃食管反流病(GERD)的患病率,探讨GERD与IPIF的关系.方法 对2006年12月至2008年1月在首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院呼吸科住院确诊的24例IPIF患者进行24 h食管pH监测和食管测压,同期住院的23例非IPIF的弥漫性实质性肺疾病患者作为对照.比较两组患者GERD症状、病理性食管酸暴露及无效食管动力(IEM)的发生率.结果 (1)66.7%(16/24)的IPIF患者存在病理性食管酸暴露,明显高于对照组的26.10k(6/23),P<0.05;(2)在具有病理性酸暴露的IPIF(GERD-IPIF)患者中,87.5%(14/16)存在夜间酸暴露事件;(3)典型GERD症状在GERD-IPIF患者中的发生率只有37.5%(6/16);(4)IPIF组和非IPIF组患者IEM发生率相似,分别为42.9%(9/21)和39.1%(9/23),P>0.05.结论 在IPIF患者中GERD患病率较高,但多数患者没有典型GERD症状,IPIF患者应该进行24 h食管pH监测筛查GERD.     

Laryngopharyngeal reflux in patients with symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease

Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) has been extensively studied in patients with laryngeal signs and symptoms, gastroesophageal reflux being identified in approximately 50%. Few studies have investigated the incidence and significance of LPR in GERD patients. Two-hundred and seventy-six consecutive patients referred with symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux had dual probe 24 h pH, esophageal manometry, GERD and ENT questionnaires. LPR was defined as at least three pharyngeal reflux events less than pH 5.0 with corresponding esophageal reflux, but excluding meal periods. Fourty-two percent of patients were positive for LPR on 24 h pH monitoring and 91.3% corresponded with an abnormal esophageal acid score. Distal esophageal acid exposure was significantly greater (P < 0.001) in patients with LPR but symptoms of GERD and regurgitation scores showed no significant differences between patients with positive and negative LPR on 24 h pH. There was no significant difference between the incidence of LPR in patients with or without laryngeal symptoms. There is a high incidence of LPR in patients with GERD but its significance for laryngeal symptoms is tenuous. Fixed distance dual probe pH monitoring allows documentation of conventional esophageal reflux and LPR.     

Acid and non-acid reflux in Japanese patients with non-erosive reflux disease with persistent reflux symptoms, despite taking a double-dose of proton pump inhibitor: a study using combined pH-impedance monitoring

Background  Combined multi-channel intra-luminal impedance and pH (Mll-pH) monitoring can detect gastro-esophageal reflux and identify acid and non-acid reflux (NAR) events. It can be used for patients with persistent symptoms who are having proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of acid reflux and NAR and to establish their relationship with persistent reflux symptoms in Japanese patients with non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) who are on a double-dose of PPI therapy. Methods  Thirteen patients with NERD, with persistent reflux symptoms, despite taking PPI at least twice daily, were included in this study. Twenty-four-hour combined Mll-pH monitoring was carried out on all patients and reflux episodes were detected by impedance channels, located at 3, 5, 7, 9, 15 and 17 cm above the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and classified into acid reflux and NAR, based on pH data from 5 cm above the LES. A positive symptom index (SI) was declared, if at least half of the symptoms were preceded by reflux episodes within 5 min. Results  A total of 916 liquid reflux episodes were detected, and a total of 171 symptoms were recorded. Eight (4.7%) of 171 symptoms were related to acid reflux, and 68 (39.8%) were related to NAR. Seven (53.8%) patients had a positive SI and in these seven patients, a total of 79 symptoms were recorded. 5 (6.3%) of the 79 symptoms were related to acid reflux and 44 (55.7%) were related to NAR. Conclusions  Persistent reflux symptoms, in SI-positive patients with NERD on double-dose PPI therapy, are more likely to be associated with primarily non-acid reflux.