Variation of Left Ventricular Diastolic Filling in Doppler Echocardiographic Pacing Stress Test and Its Value in Detecting Co

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Preliminary Clinical Study of Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiographic Volume-time Curve in Evaluating Left Ventricular Diastolic Function

The volume-time curve change in patients with normal left ventricular （LV） diastolic function and diastolic dysfunction was evaluated by real-time three-dimensional echocardiography （RT3DE）. LV diastolic dysfunction was defined by E＇〈A＇ in pulse-wave tissue Doppler for inter-ventricular septal （IVS） of mitral annulus. In 24 patients with LV diastolic dysfunction, including 12 patients with delayed relaxation （delayed relaxation group） and 12 patients with pseudo-normal function （pseudo-normal group） and 24 normal volunteers （control group）, data of full-volume image were acquired by real-time three-dimensional echocardiography and subjected to volume-time curve analysis. EDV （end-diastolic volume）, ESV （end-systolic volume）, LVEF （left ventricular ejection fraction）, PER （peak ejection rate）, PFR （peak filling rate） from RT3DE were examined in the three groups. Compared to the control group, PFR （diastolic filling index of RT3DE） was significantly reduced in the delayed relaxation group and pseudo-normal group （P〈0.05）. There were no significant differences in EDV, ESV, LVEE PER （P〉0.05）. It is concluded that PFR, as a diastolic filling index of RT3DE, can reflect the early diastolic function and serve as a new non-invasive, quick and accurate tool for clinical assessment of LV diastolic function.     

The Value of Conventional Echocardiographic and Tissue Doppler Imaging in the Diagnosis of Cardiac Amyloidosis

Transthoracic echocardiographic characteristics of 17 cases of cardiac amyloidosis （CA）, a rare disease in China, were analyzed in order to improve the understanding of the disease. Seventeen cases of biopsy-proven CA, admitted to Wuhan Union Hospital from June 1994 to September 2008 were retrospectively reviewed. Twenty normal volunteers served as control group. Left atrial and ventricular functions and mitral inflow velocity were measured by two-dimensional, and Doppler echocardiography, and tissue Doppler imaging （TDI）-derived peak systolic wall motion velocities （Sv）, peak early diastolic wall motion velocities （Ev）, and peak late diastolic wall motion （Av） were measured at the septum, lateral, inferior and anterior corners of mitral annulus from the apical 4-and 2 chamber views. Compared with the control group, the interventricular septal thickness （IVSd）, the left ventricular posterior wall （LVPWd）, right ventricular transverse diameter （RVTDd） near the end of diastole and the interauricular septum thickness （IASs）, left atrial anteroposterior diameter （LAADs）, right atrial transverse diameter （RATDs） near the end of systole were increased significantly （all P〈0.05） and left ventricular ejection fraction （LVEF） decreased （P〈0.05） in the CA group. Compared with the control group, Sv, Ev at each wall and Av at almost all walls were significantly decreased in the CA group. In the CA group, Myocardial echoes of interventricular septum and free wall of left ventricle were enhanced evidently and distributed unevenly. The echoes presented as ground glass-like images, with some spotty hyper echoes. Both atria were enlarged, and LVEF decreased, with diastolic function impaired, and mild-moderate hydropericardium found in the CA group. It was concluded that echocardiography was a relatively sensitive and highly specific non-invasive method for the diagnosis of CA.     

Evaluation of Left Ventricular Diastolic Function in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease by Cineangiocardiography

Left ventricular diastolic function in 49 subjccts were studiedcineangiographically and compared with relevant indexes of radionuclide angiography(RNA).Normalizcd peak filling rate(NPFR),1/3 filling fraction(FF1/3),lcftventricular compliance in 23 patients with coronary artery disease(CAD)weresignificantly lower than that in normal control group(n=14),and the time to peak fil-ling rate(TPFR)was longer in CAD patients,Hypertension group(n=12)had someslight changes in left ventricular diastolic function.However,50%(6/12)of paticnts inCAD group with normal EF(EF>0.65)had a diminished NPFR also.FF 1/3 ofcineangiography had a good correlation with that of RNA.The results indicated thatdiastolic filling function estimated cinceangiographically might reflcet earlier and more sensi-tive changes than left ventricular systolic function in patients with CAD.FF 1/3 mea-sured by RNA might also be a useful noninvasive index in evaluating diastolic filling fune-tion.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE) is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic three-dimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal     

Variation of Apolipoprotein A-I in Cirrhosis and its Clinical Value

The serum apolipoprotein A- I (apo A-I) Concentrations in 39 patients with posthepatitis cirrhosis were reported to be 0.87±0.27 g/L lower than that of controls 1.15±0.14 g/L P<0.01. The, decrease of apo. A-I was correlated with the severityof impaired liver function. Apo A- I concentrations in serum correlated positively with decrease of serum albumin (r=0.503 P< 0.01) and negatively with serum bilirubin increase (r=- 0.508 P <0.01) . The data indicate that decreasing of apo A- I concentration may be regarded as one of the reliable indices reflecting the degree of liver function impairment.     

Value and Feasibility of HPV DNA Test in Cervical Scraping Smears

Summary： To investigate the reliability and feasibility of human papillomavirus （HPV） DNA test in cervical scraping smears with polymerase chain reaction （PCR）, 131 cases of cervical scraping specimens were collected, and the positive rates and accuracy of HPV infection were determined in normal subjects and cervical cancer patients. GP5^＋/GP6^＋ and E7 primer pairs designed for detecting HPV L1 and HPV type 16 E7 were tested in this study. Our results showed that positive rates of HPV DNA in normal population and cervical cancer patients were 32.99% and 73.53% respectively and there was significant difference between them （P〈0. 001）. In normal subjects, detection rates of HPV DNA with GP5^＋/GP6^＋ and E7 primer pairs were 27.84 % and 16.49 % respectively, with statistically significant difference between them （P〉0.05）. However the detection rates in cervical cancer patients were 38.24 % and 67.65 % for the two markers, with a significant difference found between them （P〈0.05）. It is concluded that HPV DNA test with PCR for cervical scraping smears was feasible. GP5^＋/GP6^＋ primer pairs may be a useful probe to screen HPV infection in normal population, but they are not sensitive enough in cervical cancer patients. It is suggested that high risk type HPV DNA test was very useful in population with high risk of cervical cancer.     

Effect of Salvia Miltiorrhiza on Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Cardiac Aldosterone in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Left ventricular hypertrophy ( LVH) is themostpopular cardiac complication of hypertension,as well as an important and independent predictorof cardiac morbidity and mortality. Cardiac fibro-sis,the remodeling of extracellular matrix withinmyocardium during the development of pressureoverload,is the pathological basis of ventriculardysfunction and arrhythmia[1] . Previous studieshave shown that a functioning system involvingboth circulating and local aldosterone ( Aldo) con-tributes to the adv…     

Effects of Radix Astragalion Left Ventricular Function and Oxygen Free Radicals in Acute Myocardial Infarot

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Variation of Perioperative Blood cTnT Levels in Patients Undergoing Cardiopulmonary Bypass and Its Clinical Implication

The measures we used in the past for detectingmyocardial cell damage are not sufficiently specificand sensitive for accurate diagnosis. Cardiac troponinT ( c Tn T) is a cardiac contractile apparatus proteinand is released into the circulation if myocardial is-chemia results in either reversible or irreversible cellinjury. The purpose of this study was to investigatethe clinicalvalueofc Tn T asa markerin assessing thedestruction of myocardial cell in patients undergoingopen heartsurgery.1　PA…     

The Diagnosis Value and Its Implication of Impulse Oscillometry in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Patients

Obstructlvesleepapneasyndrome(OSAS)isaverycommondisease,butitspathogeneslswasun-clear.ltwasreportedthatupperairwayanatomicnarrowingplayedanimportantrole.Unfortunately,thetechniqueofmeasuringupperairwaydiameterwasstillunder-matured,sotheupperairwayanatomicnarrowingwasnotwellevaluated.Impulseosclllometry(IOS)wasanew--developedtechniqueofmeasuringlungfunctionandrespiratoryimpedance,whichanalyzedthefrequencyspectrumofrespirationatrestbasedonforcedoscillationprinciple,tomea-surethedifferentcompon…     

Value of Acceleration Flow in the Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery for the Detection of Coronary Artery Stenosis by Transthoracic Coronary Color Doppler Echocardiography

Transthoracic color Doppler echocardiographyhas been widely used to measure the coronary ar-tery flowvelocity reserve[1].It is useful to providei mportant informationfor diagnosis of coronary ar-tery disease and assessment of curative effect afterpercutaneous coronary artery intervention.Butthis evaluats onlythe effect of the stenosis on coro-nary artery flow velocity reserve during maxi malhyperemia reaction.Hemodynamics demonstratesthat localized flow acceleration is present at thestenotic s…     

Effect of Shenmai Injection(参麦注射液)on Ventricular Diastolic Function in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure:An Assessment by Tissue Doppler Imaging

<正>Objective:To assess the effect of Shenmai Injection(参麦注射液,SMI) on left ventricular diastolic function(LVDF) in patients with chronic heart failure(CHF) by tissue Doppler imaging(TDI).Methods:Sixty-four CHF patients were randomly assigned to two groups,the observation group and the control group.Basic treatment including polarized liquid therapy was given to all the patients.In addition,SMI was given to patients of the observation group.The treatment duration was 14 days.TDI was performed in all the patients 3 days prior to the initiation of the treatment and one week after the medication to measure the average movement velocity of the mitral ring of the left ventricle at the early systolic stage and late diastolic stage(Ea and Aa);the outcomes were compared with the corresponding parameters obtained from blood flow Doppler echocardiography, namely,the velocity of the E-wave(E) and A-wave(A).Results:After treatment,Ea and Ea/Aa increased and Aa decreased significantly in the observation group(P0.05).In the control group,although some improvement was seen,there was no statistically significant change(P0.05).No statistical significance was shown between groups in these parameters after treatment.Conclusion:TDI assessment shows that SMI could effectively improve the LVDF in CHF patients.     

Placental Isoferritin Action in Pathogenesis of Pre-eclampsia and/or Intrauterine Growth Retardation and Its Earlier Predictive Value

Pre- eclampsia and intrauterine growth retarda-tion(IUGR) are major sources of clinical morbidityand mortality in pregnant women and prenatal in-fants.Their mechanisms are not completely clear.The imbalance of maternal- fetal immune interactionwas demonstrated to play a role in them[1] .Recentlyplacental isoferritin (PLF) was demonstrated to be asignificant immune regular factor in pregnant im-mune inhibition[2 ] ,butitsrole in pathogenesisof pre-eclampsia and/or IUGR is unknown.In this s…     

Effects of Yixin Jiangya Capsules on Insulin Resistance and Tumor Necrosis Factor-a in Cases of Primary Hypertension with Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

To observe the effects of Ftxin Jiangya Capsules （益心降压胶囊capsules for nourishing the heart and lowering blood pressure） on insulin resistance （IR） and tumor necrosis factor-a （TNF-a） in patients with primary hypertension with left ventricular hypertrophy （LVH）. Methods： Totally 93 cases were randomly divided into a control group of 31 cases taking Enalapril and a treatment group of 62 cases taking Enalapril and Irtxin Jiangya Capsules. Results： Fasting serum insulin （FSI） and TNF-a obviously increased and insulin sensitive index （ISI） significantly decreased in both groups before treatment as compared to those of a healthy group. After treatment, FSI, TNF-a and fasting blood glucose （FBG） obviously decreased and ISI remarkably increased in the treatment group, while ISI significantly increased and TNF-a obviously decreased in the control group. The curative effect in the treatment group was remarkably superior to that in the control group. FSI was positively related to TNF-a before treatment in both groups. Conclusion： FSI and TNF-a obviously increase and ISI significantly decreases in patients with primary hypertension with LVH. FSI and TNF-a influencing each other are involved in the generation and development of hypertension. Irtxin Jiangya Capsules can improve IR and decrease TNF-a.     

Assessment of the Effect of Cardiomyocyte Transplantation on Left Ventricular Remodeling and Function in Post-Infarction Wister Rats by Using High-frequency Ultrasound

The effects of cardiomyocyte grafting on left ventricular （LV） remodeling and function in rats with chronic myocardial infarction were evaluated using high-frequency ultrasound. Chronic myocardial infarction was induced in 50 Wister rats by ligating the left anterior descending artery. They were randomized into two groups： a trial group that received neonatal rat cardiomyocyte trans- plantation （n=25） and a control group which were given intramyocardial injection of culture medium （n=25）. The left ventricular （LV） geometry and function were evaluated by high-frequency ultrasound before and 4 weeks after the cell transplantation. After the final evaluation, all rats were sacrificed for histological study. The results showed that 4 weeks after the cell transplantation, as compared with the control group, the LV end-systolic dimension, end-diastolic dimension, end-systolic volume and end-diastolic volume were significantly decreased and the LV anterior wall end-diastolic thickness, LV ejection fraction and fractional shortening were significantly increased in the trial group （P〈0.01）. Histological study showed that transplanted neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were found in all host hearts and identified by Brdu staining. It was suggested that transplantation of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes can reverse cardiac remodeling and improve heart function in chronic myocardial infarction rats. High-frequency ultrasound can be used as a reliable technique for the non-invasive evaluation of the effect of cardiomyocyte transplantation.     

Effect of Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bge on Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and the Expression of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

The effects of salvia miltiorrhiza Bge (SMB) on left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the left ventricle of spontaneously hypertensive rats and the action mechanism were investigated. Normal Wistar-kyoto (WKY) rats were used as negative control, and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were randomly assigned to receive pla- cebo or SMB. SMB (1 g/kg·d) was injected intraperitoneally for 12 weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were measured. HE, VG and immunohistochemical staining combined with computed morphometry were employed to evaluate the cardiomyocyte size, diameter, the collagen volume fraction (CVF), perivascular circumferential area (PVCA), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression in the left ventricular tissue. The results showed, as compared with WKY rats, the SBP, LVMI, cardiomyocyte size, diameter, CVF, PCVA, and TNF-α expression were increased markedly in the 20-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats. SMB decreased LVMI (P<0.01), size of cardiomyocytes (P<0.01), collagen volume fraction (P<0.01), perivascular circum- ferential area (P<0.01), and TNF-α expression (P<0.01), but had no effect on SBP (P>0.05). It was suggested that chronic administration of SMB could inhibit and reverse the development of LVH in spontaneously hypertensive rats independent of BP. TNF-α may be involved in the reversal mecha- nism of LVH by SMB.