解脲支原体感染对男性不育者精液常规参数和精子DNA完整性的临床探究

目的 探究男性不育患者解脲支原体（UU）感染对其精液常规参数和精子DNA完整性的影响。方法 选取2021年1月至2022年6月本科室门诊的男性不育患者136例,依据精液检查是否存在解脲支原体感染分为阳性组和阴性组各68例。对比两组一般情况、精液参数和镜子DNA完整性。结果 两组精液量、精液液化时间及精子浓度比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05)。精子前向运动（PR）百分率、精子总活力（PR+NP）、正常形态精子比例（%）及精子DNA完整性显著优于UU阳性组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 解脲支原体感染可影响了精子的活力、形态及精子DNA完整性,是导致男性不育的常见原因之一,临床上应密切关注并采取积极的防治措施,提高男性生育力。     

精子形态与男性不育关系的研究

目的比较正常男性与不育症患者精液的检测指标,探讨男性不育与精子形态以及功能之间的关联性。方法收集215例男性不育患者的精液(实验组)和100例健康已生育男性的精液(健康对照组),分别检测2组精液的精子形态以及精子功能。检测项目包括精液的颜色、精液量、酸碱度、液化时间、精子数量、显微镜观察精子形态以及精子的活动度。结果实验组和健康对照组比较,精液颜色、精液量、液化时间以及酸碱度差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。但在精子活力方面,实验组精子头部、体部以及尾部畸形的比例均显著高于健康对照组(20.8%和9.5%;15.7%和7.4%;27.3%和11.6%),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。实验组A级和A+B级精子活力(13.1±5.21)%,(27.5±4.86)%,明显低于健康对照组(33.5±5.34)%,(62.4±4.57)%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论精子的形态和活力是影响男性不育的重要原因。     

男性不育患者解脲脲原体感染与精子质量的相关性

目的 探讨男性不育症患者解脲脲原体(UU)感染与精子质量的相关性。方法 580例男性不育患者根据精液解脲脲原体(UU)培养结果分为阳性和阴性2组,比较2组精液参数,包括精液量、精子浓度、精子存活率、精子活力、精子形态等。结果阳性组患者精液量、存活率、前向运动精子(PR)、不活动精子(IM)、精子中段形态计数和阴性组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。精液浓度、非前向运动(NP)、正常精子形态计数、精子头部及尾部形态计数,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 UU感染可对精液常规主要参数产生不良影响,应引起临床高度重视。进行UU检测,可提高疗效。     

解脲支原体感染与精子动态、形态学分析

目的 讨论解脲支原体(UU)感染与精子动态及形态学改变的关系.方法 对878例男性不育患者精液标本检测UU,同时做计算机辅助动态学和形态学分析.结果 878例男性不育患者中UU感染阳性342例(38.95%)、UU阴性536例(61.05%).UU阳性组精子活力低下224例(65.50%)、密度低下117 例(34.21%)、形态学分析正常形态＜15% 198例(80.49%).UU阴性组精子活力低下258例(48.13%)、密度低下83例(15.49%)、形态学分析正常形态＜15% 296例(57.59%).UU感染与精子密度、活力低下均有显著性意义(P＜0.01),与精子形态异常有关(P＜0.01).结论 UU感染与精子密度、活力以及形态异常密切相关.     

精子头体尾异常形态与微生物关系的原因追查

目的 观察分析由微生物感染导致患者精子形态异常.方法 经CASAS-QH-Ⅲ型精子微生物动静态图像分析仪检测出56例精子形态异常超过正常精子的30%的标本做了支原体培养、涂片染色,细菌鉴定,并进行追查.结果 精子头部异常29例,体部异常22例,尾部异常5例.对56例异常精液进行培养,结果解脲支原体阳性的52例,有2例为大肠埃希菌阳性,2例阴性,原因不明.结论 精子异常与微生物感染有直接关系.     

解脲脲原体和血清抗精子抗体对精液质量的影响

目的分析解脲脲原体（Uu）和血清抗精子抗体（AsAb）对精液质量的影响。方法选取62例男性不育患者,以Uu选择培养基对其分泌物培养鉴定,以酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测其精浆和AsAb、IgM、IgG和IgA,以精液分析仪进行精子密度、存活率、a＋b级活力和畸形率分析;然后根据结果不同,分为Uu阴性和Uu阳性不育组、AsAb阴性和AsAb阳性不育组,分别加以比较。结果 Uu阳性不育组精子畸形率为（25.62±17.90）%,较Uu阴性不育组的（12.81±8.46）%明显增高（P〈0.05）,而两组间精子密度、精子存活率和精子活力差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;AsAb阳性不育组精子密度、精子存活率和精子活力分别为（37.21±42.95）×106/mL、（23.82±20.30）%、（11.79±12.62）%;AsAb阴性不育组分别为（90.01±83.52）×106/mL、（52.25±30.10）%、（35.28±23.46）%,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,而两组间精子畸形率差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;AsAb各亚型间精子存活率和精子活力差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,而各亚型间精子畸形率和精子密度差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论 Uu和AsAb严重影响精液质量,这对男性不育类型的鉴别诊断和选择治疗方案具有重要意义。     

精液中支原体衣原体及抗精子抗体的检测及评价

目的评价人型支原体(Mh)、解脲支原体(Uu)、衣原体(CT)感染和抗精子抗体(AsAb)对精液质量的影响。方法对85例不育男性和33例生育男性的精液进行Mh、CT及AsAb检测和精液质量分析,Mh用培养法,CT用乳胶法,AsAb用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA),精液质量用计算机扫描法,对其精子密度、活动力、活力、畸形率、液化时间进行测量。结果不育组Mh、CT、AsAb阳性率明显高于生育组,差异有统计学意义(P0.01);Mh或/和CT和AsAb阳性组的精子密度、活动力、活力明显低于阴性组,差异有统计学意义(P0.01);畸形率、液化时间明显高于阴性组,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论Mh体和CT感染及AsAb阳性对精液多项参数有明显影响,是导致男性不育的原因之一。     

解脲脲原体感染与精子形态学相关性研究

目的:观察男性生殖道解脲脲原体(Ureaplasma urealyticum,Uu)感染患者的精子形态学分析结果 ,探讨Uu感染对精子形态可能存在的影响。方法:2012年在上海市第一妇婴保健院生殖中心就诊的生育前检查者共258例,经排除影响因素后入组Uu感染的男性患者96例。统一治疗后,按Uu治疗结果分为Uu转阴组和未转阴组2组,比较2组间精子形态学分析结果。结果:Uu转阴组患者治疗前、后的精子正常形态率和精子头部畸形率差异均无统计学意义(P=0.09和P=0.08),但Uu治愈后较治疗前患者的精子尾部畸形率显著降低(P=0.02);而未转阴组治疗前、后的精子正常形态率、头部畸形率及尾部畸形率差异均无统计学意义(P=0.92,P=0.14,P=1.00)。Uu转阴组与未转阴组比较,患者治疗前或后的精子正常形态变化无统计学差异(P=0.83)。结论:总体上看,治疗Uu对精子形态学分析结果无明确意义,但Uu感染者治愈后的精子尾部畸形率显著降低,提示Uu可能会引起精子尾部畸形。     

精浆弹性硬蛋白酶和解脲支原体与精子质量的相关性研究

目的探讨精浆弹性硬蛋白酶、解脲支原体与精子质量的关系及意义。方法选取正常男性470例(正常组),不育男性132例(不育组),检测其精液弹性硬蛋白酶水平、解脲支原体感染情况及精子参数(精子密度、精子活动率和前向运动精子百分率)。结果不育组的精子密度、精子活动率和前向运动精子百分率均低于正常组(P0.01),而弹性硬蛋白酶、解脲支原体阳性率均高于正常组(P0.01)。弹性硬蛋白酶、解脲支原体阳性组的精子密度、精子活动率和前向运动精子百分率均低于阴性组(P0.01)。解脲支原体阳性组和阴性组的弹性硬蛋白酶阳性率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论生殖道感染对精子质量有不良影响,弹性硬蛋白酶和解脲支原体的及时检测对男性不育诊治有重要意义。     

不育男性患者精液质量与解脲支原体感染的关系及影响研究

目的研究不育男性患者精液质量与解脲支原体感染的关系及影响。方法选取该院2014年6月至2015年12月收治的不育男性患者100例为研究对象,根据患者解脲支原体为阳性或者阴性将其分为两组,对照组为阴性患者,观察组为阳性患者,对精液质量与解脲支原体感染的关系及影响进行分析。结果观察组精子前向活动率、存活率及总活力较低,但是两组之间的差异无统计学意义(P0.05);相对于对照组,观察组的精子正常形态率较低,顶体酶活性较低,结合率较高,确诊感染比率高。结论解脲支原体感染会使患者的顶体酶异常率升高,精子正常形态率下降。解脲支原体感染也可能影响精子顶体酶、精浆弹性蛋白酶水平、抗精子结合抗体水平、存活率及活力。     

Determination of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity in serum using immunological inhibition of creatine kinase M subunit activity. Activity kinetics and diagnostic significance in myocardial infarction.

This is a new method for the determination of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity in serum. The method uses direct activity measurement of creatine kinase B subunit activity after blocking of CK-M subunit activity by inhibiting antibodies. The test takes no longer than 15 min. The method yields an intra-serial C.V. of 2.0-12.9%, and a C.V. from day to day of 5.5%. The detection limit is 3.4 U/l creatine kinase MB. In the 95 cases with proven myocardial infarction several types of creatine kinase MB activity kinetics could be determined. The percentage of creatine kinase MB of peak CK-total is 6-25%, with a mean of 11.1%. The amount of creatine kinase MB with respect to total CK activity after reinfarction is higher than the amount after initial infarction.     

Dissociable correlates of two classes of retrieval processing in prefrontal cortex

Although substantial evidence suggests that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) implements processes that are critical for accurate episodic memory judgments, the specific roles of different PFC subregions remain unclear. Here, we used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging to distinguish between prefrontal activity related to operations that (1) influence processing of retrieval cues based on current task demands, or (2) are involved in monitoring the outputs of retrieval. Fourteen participants studied auditory words spoken by a male or female speaker and completed memory tests in which the stimuli were unstudied foil words and studied words spoken by either the same speaker at study, or the alternate speaker. On "general" test trials, participants were to determine whether each word was studied, regardless of the voice of the speaker, whereas on "specific" test trials, participants were to additionally distinguish between studied words that were spoken in the same voice or a different voice at study. Thus, on specific test trials, participants were explicitly required to attend to voice information in order to evaluate each test item. Anterior (right BA 10), dorsolateral prefrontal (right BA 46), and inferior frontal (bilateral BA 47/12) regions were more active during specific than during general trials. Activation in anterior and dorsolateral PFC was enhanced during specific test trials even in response to unstudied items, suggesting that activation in these regions was related to the differential processing of retrieval cues in the two tasks. In contrast, differences between specific and general test trials in inferior frontal regions (bilateral BA 47/12) were seen only for studied items, suggesting a role for these regions in post-retrieval monitoring processes. Results from this study are consistent with the idea that different PFC subregions implement distinct, but complementary processes that collectively support accurate episodic memory judgments.     

俯卧位通气对高海拔地区肺复张治疗无效急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者氧合的影响

目的 探讨俯卧位通气对高海拔地区肺复张术(RM)治疗无效急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)患者的治疗作用.方法 从海拔2260m的地区医院筛选RM治疗无效的41例ARDS患者[平均氧合指数( PaO2/FiO2)较RM前升高＜20％视为RM无效],依不同病因分为肺内源性ARDS组(ARDSp组)和肺外源性ARDS组(ARDSexp组),每组再按信封法随机分为俯卧位组和仰卧位组,即ARDSp俯卧位组(11例)、ARDSp仰卧位组(9例)、ARDSexp俯卧位组(10例)、ARDSexp仰卧位组(11例).在通气前及通气1、2、3、4h监测动脉血氧分压( PaO2)、PaO2/FiO2、静态顺应性(Cst)、气道阻力(Raw)的变化.结果 通气lh时,ARDSexp俯卧位组PaO2/FiO2( mm Hg,l mm Hg=0.133 kPa)即较通气前显著升高(157.4±40.6比129.3±48.7,P＜0.05),并随通气时间延长呈持续增高趋势,4h达峰值(219.1 ±41.1);且ARDSexp俯卧位组通气3h内PaO2/FiO2较其他3组显著增高,另3组间则差异无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组、ARDSexp俯卧位组通气4h时PaO2/FiO2均较相应仰卧位组显著增高(208.8±39.7比127.4±47.1,219.1±41.1比124.9±50.8,均P＜0.05).4组通气前后Cst无显著改变,各组间差异也无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组通气4h时Raw(cmH2O·L-1·s-1)较通气前显著降低(6.8±1.7比10.7±1.8,P＜0.05),且明显低于其他3组;其他3组各时间点Raw组内及组间比较差异均无统计学意义.结论 俯卧位通气作为ARDS机械通气重要策略之一,可以改善RM无效高原ARDS患者的氧合,为抢救患者赢得宝贵的时间.     

Digital imaging among medical facilities

The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) in the USA operates a network of 172 medical centres which all utilize a hospital information system (HIS) which has been developed and is currently maintained by the VA. During the past several years, an image management and communication module has been developed, installed and clinically utilized at the Washington DC and Maryland VA Medical Centres. This image management and communication system, referred to as the decentralized hospital computer program (DHCP) imaging system, is fully integrated with a commercial picture archiving and communication system (PACS). The system is utilized to capture, archive, and display all images generated within the hospital including radiology, nuclear medicine, pathology, endoscopy, bronchoscopy, and dermatology, intraoperative photographs, ECG data, and a limited number of paper documents. The ultimate goal of the project is to have all patient text and image data available at any clinical workstation to any authorized user anywhere within the network of medical centres. Clinical requirements for an imaging workstation include ease of use, rapid and reliable access to the complete set of patient information, and images which are of acceptable quality to meet the requirements of the user and the subspecialty. Patient confidentiality and data security must be safeguarded at all times. Integration of the images with the remainder of the patient's database was found to be critical to the success of the project. The experience at the Washington and Maryland facilities suggests that an imaging system that is successfully integrated with a hospital information system can provide substantial clinical and economic benefits both within and among medical centres. Clinical acceptance and utilization of the system has been excellent, particularly in diagnostic radiology where DHCP Imaging has been interfaced to a commercial PAC system. Based upon this initial experience, the VA has begun to deploy the system throughout its large network of medical centres.     

Myocardial elastography at both high temporal and spatial resolution for the detection of infarcts

Myocardial elastography is a novel method for noninvasively assessing regional myocardial function, with the advantages of high spatial and temporal resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In this paper, in-vivo experiments were performed in anesthetized normal and infarcted mice (one day after left anterior descending coronary artery [LAD] ligation) using a high-resolution (30 MHz) ultrasound system (Vevo 770, VisualSonics Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada). Radiofrequency (RF) signals of the left ventricle (LV) in longitudinal (long-axis) view and the associated electrocardiogram (ECG) were simultaneously acquired. Using a retrospective ECG gating technique, 2-D full field-of-view RF frames were acquired at an extremely high frame rate (8 kHz) that resulted in high-quality incremental displacement and strain estimation of the myocardium. The incremental results were further accumulated to obtain the cumulative displacements and strains. Two-dimensional and M-mode displacement images and strain images (elastograms), as well as displacement and strain profiles as a function of time, were compared between normal and infarcted mice. Incremental results clearly depicted cardiac events including LV contraction, LV relaxation and isovolumetric phases in both normal and infarcted mice, and also evidently indicated reduced motion and deformation in the infarcted myocardium. The elastograms indicated that the infarcted regions underwent thinning during systole rather than thickening, as in the normal case. The cumulative elastograms were found to have higher elastographic SNR (SNR(e)) than the incremental elastograms (e.g., 10.6 vs. 4.7 in a normal myocardium, and 6.0 vs. 2.4 in an infarcted myocardium). Finally, preliminary statistical results from nine normal (m = 9) and seven infarcted (n = 7) mice indicated the capability of the cumulative strain in differentiating infracted from normal myocardia. In conclusion, myocardial elastography could provide regional strain information at simultaneously high temporal (>/=0.125 ms) and spatial ( approximately 55 microm) resolution as well as high precision ( approximately 0.05 microm displacement). This technique was thus capable of accurately characterizing normal myocardial function throughout an entire cardiac cycle, at the same high resolution, and detecting and localizing myocardial infarction in vivo.     

Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Morphine

Morphine, the most widely used mu-opioid analgesic for acute and chronic pain, is the standard against which new analgesics are measured. A thorough understanding of the pharmacokinetics of morphine is required in order to safely and effectively use this analgesic in a wide variety of patients with different levels of organ function. A MEDLINE search was conducted to identify literature published between 1966 and January 2002 relevant to the pharmacokinetics of morphine. These publications were reviewed and the literature summarized regarding unique and clinically important elements of morphine disposition relative to its parenteral administration (including intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, epidural and intrathecal administration), absorption profile (immediate release, controlled release, and sublingual/buccal, and rectal administration), distribution, and its metabolism/ excretion. Special populations, including infants, elderly, and those with renal/liver failure, have a unique morphine pharmacokinetic profile that must be taken into account in order to maximize analgesic efficacy and reduce the risk of adverse events.