水通道蛋白-5在人鼻息肉组织中的表达

目的：探讨水通道蛋白-5(aquaporin-5,AQP-5)在维护正常鼻生理功能及在鼻息肉发病机制中的作用;明确AQP-5在下鼻甲和鼻息肉组织中不同部位的表达及分布。方法：取30例鼻息肉组织和12例下鼻甲组织,用4%多聚甲醛固定,石蜡包埋,连贯切片,应用免疫组织化学技术检测AQP-5在下鼻甲黏膜组织和鼻息肉组织中的阳性细胞的表达及分布。结果：下鼻甲AQP-5的黏膜固有层腺体的阳性细胞表达显著高于鼻息肉组织;而鼻息肉组织AQP-5的血管内皮的阳性细胞表达则显著高于下鼻甲黏膜组织。结论：AQP-5在鼻息肉组织固有层毛细血管及血窦内皮细胞呈过度表达,在腺体表达减少,AQP-5在病理状态下对鼻息肉的形成有一定作用。     

CFTR蛋白在鼻息肉和正常下鼻甲黏膜中的表达

目的:探讨囊性纤维跨膜转运调节因子(CFTR)在鼻息肉发病机制中的作用。方法:采用免疫组织化学SP法检测28例慢性鼻窦炎患者鼻息肉组织(鼻息肉组)和7例正常下鼻甲黏膜(下鼻甲组)中CFTR蛋白的表达情况。结果:①CFTR在上述2组组织均有表达,主要表达于上皮细胞和分泌细胞,并且优势表达于鼻息肉。CFTR在正常下鼻甲黏膜呈较为单一的顶上膜表达,而在鼻息肉中呈顶上膜表达和细胞质表达并存;②鼻息肉组CFTR的黏膜上皮阳性细胞顶上膜表达的强度值(1.921±0.310)显著高于下鼻甲组(0.971±0.214)(P<0.05)。鼻息肉组CFTR的上皮阳性细胞质表达的强度值(2.036±0.439)亦显著高于下鼻甲组(0.550±0.366)(P<0.05)。结论:氯离子通道CFTR蛋白的过度表达和异常表达可能在鼻息肉的发病机制中起重要的作用。     

水通道蛋白1在鼻息肉组织中的表达

目的：明确水通道蛋白（Aquaporin 1,AQP1)在鼻息肉组织的表达及分布并探讨其与鼻息肉组织水肿的关系。方法：取正常下鼻甲组织14例和鼻息肉组织26例，4％多聚甲醛固定，石蜡包埋，连续切片，应用免疫组织化学技术检测AQP1蛋白在鼻息肉组织的表达及分布，结果：鼻息肉组AQP1在血管内皮，浆液性腺中的阳性细胞表达率显著高于正常下鼻甲（P＜0．01），而下鼻甲组AQP1在上皮细胞层和纤毛细胞层的阳性细胞表达率显著高于鼻息肉组。结论：提示AQP1在鼻息肉中的高表达与鼻息肉组织水肿的发生密切相关，具体调控机制有待进一步明确。     

鼻息肉上皮细胞的分化

目的 探讨鼻息肉上皮细胞的分化状态及其病理学意义.方法 采用免疫组化染色法检测鼻息肉组(29例)和下鼻甲组(11例)上皮细胞CK14、CK18 和CK13蛋白的表达.结果 ①鼻息肉组上皮细胞CK14阳性指数,CK18阳性指数,CK13区域性表达率均大于下鼻甲组(P<0.01).②鼻息肉上皮下微腺体上皮细胞CK18 高表达,并与鼻息肉上皮CK18 阳性细胞呈连续渐变的显微解剖学关系.结论 ①鼻息肉上皮基底细胞具有多向分化潜能,可以分化为假复层纤毛柱状上皮、非角化复层鳞状上皮和间质腺上皮,形成鼻息肉上皮种类的多样性.②鼻息肉鳞状化生现象较为多见,这可能是鼻息肉合并内翻性乳头状瘤和鼻息肉上皮存在原位癌区的病理学基础.     

水通道蛋白-2在鼻息肉组织中的表达

目的　研究水通道蛋白 2 (waterchannelprotein ;aquaporin 2 ,AQP 2 )在鼻息肉组织中的表达 ,探讨其与鼻息肉形成的关系。方法　取鼻中隔偏曲矫正术患者下鼻甲组织 11例和鼻息肉组织46例 ,鼻息肉组中Ⅱ型 1期 10例 ,2期 12例 ,3期 10例 ;Ⅲ型 14例。采用免疫组织化学技术检测AQP 2在不同型期鼻息肉和下鼻甲黏膜组织中的表达。结果　①在鼻息肉上皮层AQP 2阳性细胞数显著高于下鼻甲黏膜 (P <0 0 1) ;上皮层AQP 2表达的面密度值也显著高于下鼻甲组 (P <0 0 5) ,不同型期鼻息肉上皮层AQP 2的面密度值又有差异 ,Ⅱ型 2、3期和Ⅲ型鼻息肉显著高于Ⅱ型 1期鼻息肉 (P <0 0 5) ;②Ⅱ型 2、3期和Ⅲ型鼻息肉上皮下组织AQP 2阳性细胞数和面密度值均显著低于Ⅱ型 1期鼻息肉和下鼻甲黏膜上皮下组织 (P <0 0 5) ,而后两者间AQP 2阳性细胞数和面密度值均无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5)。结论　AQP 2在鼻息肉组织中的高表达可能与鼻息肉的发生和发展关系密切 ,具体机制有待进一步明确     

鼻息肉组织中凋亡与增殖相关蛋白的研究

目的探讨Fas、FasL因子及Ki-67抗原在鼻息肉组织中细胞增殖和凋亡病理状态中的表达.阐明鼻息肉在分子水平的发病机制。方法通过免疫组化SP方法,检测24例鼻息肉和10例正常下鼻甲组织中Fas、FasL及Ki-67的表达。结果①鼻息肉上皮细胞、腺上皮细胞中Fas的表达明显低于正常下鼻甲组织,而在炎性细胞中Fas表达显著高于下鼻甲;鼻息肉的上皮细胞、腺上皮细胞、炎性细胞FasL表达均高于正常下鼻甲组织。②鼻息肉上皮、腺上皮FasL表达显著高于Fas;而炎性细胞FasL表达低于Fas。③鼻息肉组织Ki-67的表达显著高于下鼻甲。结论①鼻息肉上皮细胞、腺上皮细胞存在着Fas的表达下调和FasL的上调,这可能使上皮细胞逃避了Fas和FasL系统介导的细胞凋亡而过度增殖。②鼻息肉上皮细胞有显著的增殖特性。     

水通道蛋白-1在鼻息肉中的表达及其调节机制

目的：研究水通道蛋白-1(aquaporin1, AQP1)在鼻息肉组织中的表达,探讨其 与鼻息肉水肿形成及发展的关系。方法：取鼻中隔偏曲矫正术患者下鼻甲黏膜30例和鼻息肉组织60例。鼻息肉组Ⅱ型1期10例, 2期15例, 3期25例,Ⅲ型10例。采用免疫组织化学检测AQP1在不同类型及不同临床分期鼻息肉和下鼻甲黏膜组织中的表达及在不同类型鼻息肉组织中的表达。结果：（1）鼻息肉上皮层AQP1阳性细胞数显著高于下鼻甲黏膜(Ｐ＜0 01); 不同分型分期鼻息肉上皮层AQP1的阳性细胞数又有差异,Ⅱ型3期和Ⅲ型鼻息肉显著低于Ⅱ型1期鼻息肉(Ｐ＜0 01); 而在鼻息肉血管内皮及腺体细胞中的AQP1的表达明显高于下鼻甲(Ｐ＜0 01); （2）Ⅱ型3期和Ⅲ型鼻息肉血管内皮中AQP1阳性细胞数显著高于Ⅱ型1期鼻息肉和下鼻甲黏膜上皮下组织(Ｐ＜0 01)。结论：AQP1在鼻息肉组织中的异常表达可能与鼻息肉的发生和发展密切相关, 具体机制有待进一步研究。     

水通道蛋白-5在人鼻息肉组织中的表达及与复发的关系

目的观察水通道蛋白-5（aquaporin-5，AQP5）在鼻息肉组织及正常下鼻甲黏膜组织中不同部位的表达及分布；观察AQP5在鼻息肉术后未复发及复发患者鼻息肉组织中的表达及分布；研究AQP5在鼻息肉发病机制中的作用；初步探讨AQP5在鼻息肉中的表达程度与鼻息肉复发的关系。方法取63例鼻息肉组织和13例下鼻甲组织，应用HE染色和免疫组织化学技术检NIAQP5在下鼻甲黏膜组织和鼻息肉组织中的阳性细胞的表达及分布；检NIAQP5在未复发和复发患者鼻息肉组织中的阳性细胞的表达。结果鼻息肉上皮细胞层AQP5阳性细胞表达与下鼻甲比较，差异无显著性意义（P〉0．05）；鼻息肉固有层腺体AQP5阳性细胞表达比下鼻甲显著增高，差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05）；鼻息肉血管及血窦内皮细胞AQP5阳性细胞表达比下鼻甲增高，差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05）；AQP5在鼻息肉患者术后未复发组中的阳性细胞表达显著降低，与复发组比较，差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05）。结论AQP5可能参与鼻息肉组织黏膜水肿的形成。AQP5的高表达可能与术后鼻息肉复发有一定关系。     

成纤维细胞生长因子与鼻息肉上皮细胞增殖

为探讨成纤维细胞生长因子（ｆｉｂｒｏｂｌａｓｔｇｒｏｗｔｈｆａｃｔｏｒ,ＦＧＦ）在鼻息肉组织中的表达及其与鼻息肉上皮细胞增殖之间的关系,将２６例鼻息肉标本及１４例下鼻甲标本行ＦＧＦ和增殖细胞抗原（ｐｒｏ－ｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｎｇｃｅｌｎｕｃｌｅａｒａｎｔｉｇｅｎ,ＰＣＮＡ）的免疫组化染色,光镜观察,结果发现ＰＣＮＡ在鼻息肉组的阳性率（７８．６％）显著高于下鼻甲组（０．０％）,ＦＧＦ在鼻息肉组的上皮及腺体的阳性表达率明显高于下鼻甲组（Ｐ＜０．０１,Ｐ＜０．００１）,且二者的表达具有显著正相关（Ｐ＜０．０１）。我们推测ＦＧＦ对鼻息肉上皮及腺体细胞的增殖具有促进作用并参与鼻息肉的形成。     

NF-κBp65、IκBα在人鼻息肉组织中的表达

目的通过检测鼻息肉组织、慢性鼻-鼻窦炎病人钩突黏膜及鼻中隔偏曲病人下鼻甲黏膜中NF-κBp65、IκBα的表达,探讨NFκ-Bp65、IκBα在鼻息肉、慢性鼻-鼻窦炎发病中所起的作用。方法采用免疫组化SP法检测NFκ-Bp65、IκBα在30例鼻息肉组织、20例慢性鼻-鼻窦炎病人单侧钩突黏膜及20例鼻中隔偏曲病人下鼻甲黏膜中的表达及分布,运用HPIAS-2000高分辨率图像分析系统分别对3种组织的黏膜上皮细胞、腺上皮细胞、血管内皮细胞、炎性细胞进行光密度测定。结果①NF-κBp65阳性表达主要分布在鼻息肉组织的黏膜上皮细胞、炎性细胞、腺上皮细胞及血管内皮细胞的胞浆和部分胞核中。②IκBα阳性表达主要分布在鼻息肉组织的黏膜上皮细胞、炎性细胞、腺上皮细胞及血管内皮细胞的胞浆中。③NFκ-Bp65在鼻息肉组、钩突组及下鼻甲组黏膜上皮细胞、炎性细胞、腺上皮细胞及血管内皮细胞中表达依次降低,且差异具有统计学意义。④IκBα在鼻息肉组、钩突组及下鼻甲组组织黏膜上皮细胞、炎性细胞、腺上皮细胞及血管内皮细胞的表达依次降低,且差异具有统计学意义。结论NF-κBp65、IκBα可能参与鼻息肉和慢性鼻-鼻窦炎的炎症反应过程。     

MUC5AC在人类鼻息肉及下鼻甲黏膜上皮的表达

目的 :探讨MUC5AC与鼻息肉及慢性肥厚性鼻炎黏液过量分泌的关系。方法 :免疫组织化学ABC法检测 2 7例鼻息肉、19例慢性肥厚性鼻炎下鼻甲及 9例正常下鼻甲黏膜上皮MUC5AC的表达。结果 :鼻息肉黏膜上皮及慢性肥厚性鼻炎下鼻甲黏膜上皮MUC5AC阳性细胞表达率明显高于正常下鼻甲黏膜上皮 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,且MUC5AC阳性表达细胞主要为杯状细胞。结论 :MUC5AC在鼻息肉及慢性肥厚性鼻炎下鼻甲黏膜上皮呈高表达 ,且阳性细胞为杯状细胞 ,表明MUC5AC确实对鼻息肉及慢性肥厚性鼻炎的黏液过量分泌起了一定作用。     

Expression and distribution of Aquaporin 1 in the nasal polyps]

OBJECTIVE: To confirm the expression and distribution of Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) in the nasal polyps and to investigate the relation between AQP1 and the nasal polyp edema. METHODS: fourteen cases of normal inferior turbinates and 26 cases of nasal polyps were used. The expression and distribution of AQP1 in nasal polyps were examined by immunohistochemical technique. RESULTS: The level of AQP1 in the epithelial cells and serous cells from nasal polyps was higher than that in inferior turbinates, and the level of AQP1 in the epithelial cells and cilium cells from inferior turbinate was higher than that in nasal polyps. CONCLUSION: There is close relationship between AQP1 and nasal polyp edema.     

Fas及Bcl-2在鼻息肉组织中的表达及意义

目的：探讨Fas和Bcl 2在鼻息肉组织中的表达及与鼻息肉发病的关系。方法：应用S P免疫组化法检测36例鼻息肉组织及19例下鼻甲组织中Fas和Bcl 2的表达情况。结果： （1）Fas在鼻息肉上皮及腺上皮的表达弱于对照组（P＜0.05）；（2）Bcl 2在鼻息肉上皮及腺上皮的表达强于对照组（P＜0.05）；（3）鼻息肉上皮细胞中Fas、Bcl 2蛋白的表达无相关性（P＞0.05）。结论：（1）Fas和 Bcl 2在鼻息肉发生发展中起重要作用；（2）在NP上皮细胞中， Fas和Bcl 2无相关性，因此这两种凋亡基因在NP的形成过程中各起独立作用，协调抑制NP上皮细胞的凋亡。     

The concentration and expression of IL-5 in human nasal polyp tissue]

OBJECTIVE: To study the concentration and expression of IL-5 in nasal polyp tissues and explore its significance in the micro-environment differentiation of eosinophils accumulation and clarify the conception of nasal polyposis. METHODS: The concentration and expression of IL-5 in nasal polyp tissues of 40 patients were determined by ELISA and immunohistochemistry, and inferior turbinate mucosa from patients with nasal polyps and healthy volunteers was used as control. RESULTS: 1. IL-5 concentration in the polyp tissues was significantly higher than that in inferion turbinate mucosa(P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in inferion turbinate mucosa between the patients with nasal polyps and healthy volunteers (P > 0.05). IL-5 concentration in polyp tissues was markedly higher in patients with extensive polypoid change of nasal mucosa, history of previous polypectomy and allergic rhinitis compared with those without these features (P < 0.05). IL-5 concentration had no correlation with age and sex (P > 0.05). 2. 80.1% of the eosinophils were positive for IL-5 and 90.9% of IL-5 positive cells were eosinophils. Only 3.7% of the lymphocytes and neutrophils were IL-5 positive, and IL-5 was not detectable in epithelial cells. IL-5 expression in eosinophils of polyp tissues was remarkably stronger than that of the turbinate mucosa (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in inferion turbinate mucosa between the patients with nasal polyps and healthy volunteers (P > 0.05). IL-5 expression of eosinophils in polyp tissues was significantly stronger in patients with extensive polypoid change of nasal mucosa, history of previous polypectomy and allergic rhinitis compared with those without these features (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in IL-5 expression in lymphocytes and neutrophils between polyp tissues and inferior turbinate nasal mucosa (both P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: IL-5 is a key protein in eosinophilic pathologic mechanisms in nasal polyp tissues.     

水通道蛋白1在鼻息肉组织中的表达

目的明确水通道蛋白1(Aquaporin1,AQP1)在鼻息肉组织的表达及分布并探讨其与鼻息肉组织水肿的关系.方法取正常下鼻甲组织14例和鼻息肉组织26例,4%多聚甲醛固定,石蜡包埋,连续切片,应用免疫组织化学技术检测AQP1蛋白在鼻息肉组织的表达及分布.结果鼻息肉组AQP1在血管内皮,浆液性腺中的阳性细胞表达率显著高于正常下鼻甲(P＜0.01);而下鼻甲组AQP1在上皮细胞层和纤毛细胞层的阳性细胞表达率显著高于鼻息肉组.结论提示AQP1在鼻息肉中的高表达与鼻息肉组织水肿的发生密切相关,具体调控机制有待进一步明确.     

血管通透性因子在鼻息肉中的表达及意义

目的 探讨血管通透性因子（ｖａｓｃｕｌａｒ ｐｅｒｍｅａｂｉｌｉｔｙ ｆａｃｔｏｒ，ＶＰＦ）在鼻息肉组织中的表达及意义。方法 将９例鼻息肉标本及８例下鼻甲粘膜标本行ＶＰＦ及其受体ｆｌｋ－１的免疫组化染色，光镜观查。结果 ＶＰＦ在鼻息肉组织的血管内皮细胞和腺体细胞的表达明显高于下鼻甲组织（Ｐ〈０．０１，Ｐ〈０．０５），ｆｌｋ－１在血管内皮细胞的表达明显高于下鼻甲组织（Ｐ〈０．０１）。结论 ＶＰＦ对鼻     

Mucosal changes in chronic hypertrophic rhinitis after surgical turbinate reduction

Chronic nasal obstruction owed to chronic hypertrophic rhinitis is one of the most common problems encountered in rhinology. Various forms of conservative therapy have been used, but these are often ineffective and surgical reduction techniques have been successfully applied. However, the issue of postoperative histological changes in the nasal mucosa has not been adequately addressed. The aim of the present study was to comparatively evaluate the effect of the methods of submucosal monopolar diathermy, radiofrequency coblation and ultrasounds on the nasal mucosa. Sixty patients with chronic hypertrophic rhinitis of nonallergic etiology underwent different surgical methods of turbinate reduction, divided into two groups: (1) 30 patients underwent tissue volume reduction of the inferior nasal turbinates using ultrasound procedure on the left side and monopolar diathermy on the right; (2) 30 patients underwent radiofrequency coblation technique on the left side and ultrasound reduction on the right. We studied 20 preoperative specimens of the inferior turbinate mucosa taken randomly from both groups of patients, 5 from each side of each group. Normal nasal mucosal specimens taken from ten healthy persons were used as controls. Specimens of the inferior turbinate were taken after 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery, from the same patients. All specimens were examined by electron microscopy. Preoperative observation revealed degeneration of epithelial cells, loss of cilia, disruption of intercellular connections, edema, nasal mucus overproduction and inflammatory infiltration in chorium. Postoperative observations revealed decrease of intercellular edema, reduction of mucus, overproduction of collagen and degeneration of the epithelium to flattened stratified. Only specimens after use of ultrasounds showed islands with normally organized epithelium of columnar ciliated cells. It may be concluded that epithelial changes owed to chronic hypertrophic rhinitis do not significantly improve postoperatively after turbinate tissue volume reduction. Only in several cases operated with ultrasounds, regeneration of epithelium occurs, resulting to anatomical and functional restoration of the nasal physiology.     

Expression of ecalectin, a novel eosinophil chemoattractant, in nasal polyps

CONCLUSION: Ecalectin, which is produced in the mucosa of nasal polyps, seems to play an important role in the accumulation and activation of eosinophils in nasal polyps, regardless of the presence or absence of atopic predisposition. OBJECTIVE: Ecalectin is a recently discovered eosinophil chemoattractant which elongs to the galectin family. We investigated the expression of ecalectin in nasal polyp tissues associated with various nasal and paranasal diseases in order to clarify the pathogenesis of eosinophilia in nasal polyposis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Nasal polyps were taken from 56 patients diagnosed as having chronic sinusitis with nasal polyposis. The surgically resected polyps and nasal turbinates were immunohistochemically stained using antibodies against EG2, human mast cell tryptase, CD3 and ecalectin. RESULTS: The number of EG2- and ecalectin-positive cells was significantly higher in nasal polyps than control turbinates. Ecalectin-positive cells were observed in the subepithelial layer, where many EG2-positive cells were present. The number of ecalectin-positive cells correlated significantly with the number of EG2-positive cells in nasal polyps. Many ecalectin mRNA-positive cells were also observed in nasal polyps with an accumulation of EG2-positive cells.     

血管通透性因子在鼻息肉中的表达及意义

目的探讨血管通透性因子（ｖａｓｃｕｌａｒｐｅｒｍｅａｂｉｌｉｔｙｆａｃｔｏｒ，ＶＰＦ）在鼻息肉组织中的表达及意义。方法将９例鼻息肉标本及８例下鼻甲粘膜标本行ＶＰＦ及其受体ｆｌｋ１的免疫组化染色，光镜观查。结果ＶＰＦ在鼻息肉组织的血管内皮细胞和腺体细胞的表达明显高于下鼻甲组织（Ｐ＜０．０１，Ｐ＜０．０５），ｆｌｋ１在血管内皮细胞的表达明显高于下鼻甲组织（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论ＶＰＦ对鼻息肉发生过程中组织极度水肿的产生可能有非常重要的作用。