Chromosomal localization of the human urokinase plasminogen activator receptor and plasminogen activator inhibitor type-2 genes: Implications in colorectal cancer

Abstract Activation of the proenzyme of urokinase (uPA) on the surface of cancer cells has been implicated in the initiation of focal proteolytic mechanisms that permit invasion and metastasis by colon cancers. The activity of uPA on the cell surface appears to be a function of the number of uPA-specific receptors (uPAR) and the extent of inhibition of uPA by plasminogen activator inhibitors (PAI). The mapping of the genes coding for uPAR, and for PAI-2, was performed to determine whether their chromosomal localization suggested their involvement in the genetic alterations associated with cancer cell DNA.
This study confirms the localization of the human urokinase plasminogen activator receptor gene to chromosome 19q and, using in situ hybridization, provides a precise localization to chromosome 19q13.2. In addition, our results confirm the previous allocation of the human plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 gene to a location 18q21.3 → 18q21.1, a location that corresponds to the commonest (>70%) somatic deletions found in colorectal carcinomas. The mapping of the uPAR and PAI-2 genes enables the elucidation of their possible involvement in the genetic alterations that determine the invasive and metastatic phenotypes in colorectal cancer.     

Overexpression of hepatic plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 mRNA in rabbits with fatty liver

INTRODUCTION Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 ( PAI-I ), an approximately Mr 50000 glycoprotein, is the major physiological inhibitor of plasminogen activators. It is not only the priming factor for atherosclerosis and coronary thrombosis[1-3] , but also participates in the genesis of chronic hepatitis and liver fibrosis[4-11] . However, there has been no available report yet about the research of hepatic PAl-1 gene expression in hyperlipidemia and fatty liver. The present study aimed to explore the change of hepatic PAl-1 mRNA and its plasma activity by means of animal model.     

Plasma from patients with cirrhosis increases tissue plasminogen activator release from vascular endothelial cells in vitro

ABSTRACT— Aims/Background: In patients with severe liver disease, blood levels of many coagulation and fibrinolytic factors are lowered due to a diminished synthetic capability in the liver. Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) is synthesized by the vascular endothelial cells, however, and is increased in such patients. Methods: Amounts of t-PA secreted were determined by immunosorbent assay after plasma from patients with cirrhosis was added to cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells to determine whether a plasma factor directly enhanced t-PA secretion from vascular endothelial cells. Results: Release of t-PA was significantly higher with exposure to plasma from patients with decompensated cirrhosis than when plasma from patients with compensated cirrhosis or normal subjects was used (p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively). Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1(PAI-1) concentrations were measured similarly but did not differ among the three groups. Conclusions: Our results indicate that factors in plasma from patients with decompensated cirrhosis directly stimulate t-PA release from the vascular endothelial cells, while any increased PAI-1 release observed in comparable in vivo situations is probably an indirect response to an increase of t-PA or a result of impaired hepatic clearance.     

尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物途径在大鼠酒精性肝纤维化形成中的作用

目的 通过观察尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物(uPA)及其抑制物(PAI-1)在大鼠酒精性肝纤维化形成中的动态变化,探讨uPA纤溶途径在酒精性肝纤维化形成中的作用.方法 雄性SD大鼠随机分为空白组、四氯化碳(CCl4)组和造模组.采用56度二锅头酒、玉米油、吡唑混合物灌胃联合腹腔注射CCl4橄榄油溶液(CCl4∶橄榄油=1∶3...     

Regulation of tissue plasminogen activator in sickle cell anemia

Evidence of activation of the clotting system in individuals with sickle cell anemia (SCA) has been observed by several investigators. It has been suggested that the clotting and fibrinolytic systems may play a role in the pathophysiology of vaso-occlusion in SCA. We reported previously evidence of abnormal fibrinolytic activity as reflected in decreased releasable tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) using a functional assay. We have examined the mechanism of the decreased functional releasable t-PA in individuals with SCA. We studied 12 patients with respect to releasable t-PA, fast acting inhibitor to t-PA (or PAI-1), and immunoreactive or antigenic t-PA. These SCA individuals were at their baseline states and not taking medications known to interfere with the fibrinolytic or clotting systems. We found that the mean releasable t-PA for the SCA individuals was 0.01 IU/ml of plasma with a standard error of mean (SEM) of 0.01. The mean releasable t-PA of 118 healthy normal controls was 0.70 IU/ml with SEM 0.10 (P less than .001). The mean level of fast-acting inhibitor to t-PA in unoccluded circulation of the SCA patients' plasma was 16.5 IU/ml with SEM of 3.54. The mean plasma levels of fast-acting inhibitor to t-PA in 56 healthy controls was 2.56 IU/ml with SEM of 0.29 (P less than .0001). The SCA patients had a mean baseline t-PA antigen level of 5.98 ng/ml with SEM of 1.72. The mean level of t-PA antigen of 78 healthy controls using the same technique was 4.3 ng/ml with SEM of 2.7 (not significant). The mean baseline functional t-PA for SCA individuals was 0.15 IU/ml with SEM 0.01 and the mean baseline functional t-PA for 118 controls was 0.17 IU/ml with SEM 0.10. These data suggest that the mechanism of decreased releasable t-PA in sickle cell anemia is related to an elevation of fast-acting inhibitor to t-PA and that antigenically t-PA is present in normal quantities in the baseline plasma in this population.     

Hypofibrinolysis in patients with hypercoagulability: The roles of urokinase and of plasminogen activator inhibitor

The prevalence of abnormalities of fibrinolysis in patients with venous thromboembolism is as yet unknown. Defined abnormalities include congenital dysfunction and deficiency of plasminogen, and probably impaired plasminogen activation secondary to elevated levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) or to impaired release of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). In this preliminary study, we analyzed plasma samples from 21 patients for whom an investigation for possible thrombophilia was requested. Twenty of the patients had venous thromboembolism, and one had arterial thrombosis at an early age. Two patients had deficiency of protein C or protein S, but no other recognized biochemical disturbances related to thrombophilia were identified. Patient samples and plasma from 25 normal controls were assayed for tPA activity, PAI-1 activity, and urokinase (uPA) activity and antigen. tPA activity and antigen were not significantly different in patients than in controls. PAI-1 activity was significantly greater in patients (P < 0.0001). uPA activity was not different in the two groups. However, uPA antigen was significantly reduced in patients compared to controls (P = 0.001). These data suggest that hypofibrinolysis leading to a risk of thrombosis may be caused not only by elevated PAI-1 activity but also by reduced total uPA concentration. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Effects of octreotide on epidermal growth factor receptor,tissue plasminogen activator,and plasminogen activator inhibitor during intraperitoneal adhesion formation

Background . Intraperitoneal adhesions remain a problem after abdominal surgery. Octreotide has been proved to be able to reduce the number, strength, and extent of fibrous bands at and away from the anastomotic site in an animal model of rats with intestinal resection and reanastomosis. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R), tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) are involved in this process. Methods. Laparotomy with intestinal resection and reanastomosis was performed on 60 male Wistar rats. All rats were randomly assigned to five groups: receiving no medication (control; C), normal saline (NS), octreotide solution peritoneal irrigation (Oc), octreotide intramuscular injection (IM), and Oc plus octreotide intramuscular injection (Oc + IM). The concentrations of serum EGF-R, plasma tPA, PAI-1, and PAI-2, and the strength of wound healing were measured. Results. The serum EGF-R concentration showed no significant change from the preoperative level in the C and NS groups 7 and 14 days after the abdominal surgery. However, it decreased significantly on postoperative days 7 and 14 in groups Oc, IM, and Oc + IM (P < 0.05). The plasma tPA concentrations were significantly higher than the preoperative level in all groups of rats on postoperative day 7. The levels were higher in groups Oc, IM, and Oc + IM than in group C or group NS at that time (P < 0.05). On postoperative day 14, the plasma tPA concentrations had returned to the preoperative level in group C and group NS. However, the concentrations in groups Oc, IM, and Oc + IM still remained at a significantly higher level than the concentrations in group C and group NS. The plasma PAI-1 and PAI-2 concentrations showed no significant difference from the preoperative level in group C and group NS on days 7 and 14 after the abdominal surgery. However, the concentrations in groups Oc, IM, and Oc + IM on postoperative days 7 and 14 were markedly lower than those in groups C and NS (P < 0.05). The wound strength was significantly greater on day 14 than on day 7 in all groups. Conclusions. In the rats with octreotide irrigation, the EGF-R level was decreased, the plasma tPA concentration was higher, and the plasma PAI-1 and PAI-2 concentrations were lower when compared with values in group C and group NS rats on days 7 and 14 after surgery. The data suggest that EGF-R, tPA, PAI-1, and PAI-2 are all involved in the mechanism of octreotide's action in reducing adhesion formation. Received: February 25, 2002 / Accepted: November 22, 2002 RID="*" ID="*" Reprint requests to: H.-S. Lai Acknowledgments. This study was supported by a National Science Council Grant (NSC87-2314-B-002-352), and a National Taiwan University Hospital Grant (NTUH. 89S1509)     

Evidence for increased levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor and tissue plasminogen activator in plasma of patients with angiographically verified coronary artery disease

We studied 234 consecutive patients who underwent coronary angiography because of severe angina pectoris. Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI), and lipoprotein Lp(a) were measured in citrated plasma samples. The 214 patients showing significant coronary artery stenosis (greater than 50% reduction of luminal area in any of the great coronary arteries) had higher mean levels of tPA (P less than 0.001) and PAI (P less than 0.01) than a random population sample of similar age. PAI and tPA levels were higher in smokers than in either non-smokers or ex-smokers, and in patients with hypertension tPA was increased. Subjects with blood group A had a higher mean Lp(a) level than subjects with blood group O. There were positive correlations of PAI and tPA levels with serum triglycerides and with body mass index; Lp(a) correlated weakly with plasma fibrinogen concentrations. The findings suggest an impairment of the fibrinolytic system in patients with coronary artery disease, which offers a link between established risk factors and a plausible pathophysiological mechanism, namely thrombus turnover.     

Expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in gastric cancer

In gastric cancer, the urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) system plays important roles in invasion and metastasis, processes which entail proteolysis and adhesion. Both the urokinasetype plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) and the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) are thought to be important factors in this system. To clarify the relationship between these two factors and gastric cancer invasiveness, we evaluated the expression of uPAR and PAI-1 in 91 cases of gastric cancer by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor-mRNA, PAI-1-mRNA, uPAR and PAI-1 protein were diffusely distributed in the cytoplasm of the cancer cells and concentrated at invasive foci. Urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor protein expression correlated with lymphatic, venous invasion (P<.01) and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05); uPAR-mRNA expression correlated with lymphatic, venous invasion and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 protein expression correlated with lymphatic, venous invasion, lymph node metastasis and depth of invasion (P<0.01); PAI-1-mRNA expression was linked to lymphatic, venous invasion (P<0.01), lymph node metastasis and depth of invasion (P<0.05). This suggests that the proteolytic activity of uPAR and the cellular motility of PAI-1 in gastric cancer cells may determine penetration of lymphatic and blood vessels, whereby lymph node metastasis may be promoted and that the promotion of cellular motility by PAI-1 may influence the depth of cancer invasion.     

组织型纤溶酶原激活剂及其抑制剂与肺血栓栓塞症

肺血栓栓塞症（PTE）的发病与机体的纤溶和凝血系统功能密切相关。组织型纤溶酶原激活物（t-PA）及其抑制物（PAI-1）因调节机体的纤溶系统而在静脉血栓形成及栓塞性疾病的发病机制中发挥重要作用,因此,本文对t—PA和PAI-1与PTE的关系作如下综述。     

尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物及其抑制物与肝纤维化

肝纤维化是肝脏对慢性损伤的一种修复反应,以细胞外基质(ECM)在肝内过多沉积为特征。尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物(uPA)及其抑制物(PAI)是调节基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)活性和ECM降解的关键因素。uPA通过uPA-纤溶酶-MMP级联反应途径,最终可产生活化的纤溶酶和MMP,后两者是降解ECM的重要物质。因而调控uPA的表达,可能为肝纤维化的治疗提供新的途径。     

Idiopathic osteonecrosis,hypofibrinolysis, high plasminogen activator inhibitor,high lipoprotein(a), and therapy with stanozolol

In five patients with idiopathic osteonecrosis (ON) of the hip, four having hypofibrinolysis mediated by high plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-Fx), and one with high Lp(a), our specific aim was to determine whether therapy (Rx) with the anabolic-androgenic steroid, Stanozolol(6 mg/day), would normalize PAI-Fx and Lp(a) and thus potentially ameliorate ON. Prior to Rx, none of the four patients with high PAI-Fx could normally elevate tissue plasminogen activator (tPA-Fx) after 10 min venous occlusion at 100 mm Hg. After 12-18 weeks on Rx, PAI-Fx and stimulated tPA-Fx normalized in all four patients. Prior to Rx, mean (SD) stimulated tPA-Fx was low, 0.4 ± 0.3 IU/ml (lower limit of normal 2.28 IU/ml). On Rx, stimulated tPA-Fx normalized, rising to 2.83 ± 1.9 IU/ml, P = 0.004. Prior to Rx, mean (SD) basal PAI-Fx was high, 99 ± 68 (upper limit of normal 26.9 U/ml), and fell on Rx to 22.5 ± 22, P = 0.004. In two of the five patients normalization of hypofibrinolysis or high Lp(a) was accompanied by major symptomatic improvement. Prior to Rx, and 2 years after onset of unilateral hip pain, one of the four patients with high PAI-Fx and low stimulated tPA-Fx could walk only one block painfully. After 8 weeks on Stanozolol Rx, and continuing through 54 weeks on Rx, he walked 2 miles per day without pain, despite radiographic progression of ON. In three of the four patients with high PAI and with osteonecrosis present 0.3, 2, and 6 years prior to Stanozolol Rx, there was no clinical improvement after 14-156 weeks of Rx despite normalization of stimulated tPA-Fx and PAI-Fx. The fifth patient, 1 month after onset of disabling hip pain, had normal PAI-Fx but high Lp(a) (27 mg/dl), and MRI evidence of bone marrow edema (“transient osteoporosis”). After 3 weeks on Rx, Lp(a) normalized (14 mg/dl) and there was marked amelioration of symptoms. For the subsequent 11 weeks on Rx, this patient's Lp(a) was 5 mg/dl, and he became totally asymptomatic and remains asymptomatic 14 months later. We speculate that when ON is diagnosed prior to segmental collapse of the femoral head, it may be possible to reverse hypofibrinolysis, and/or to arrest the progression of ON. We postulate that high PAI or high Lp(a) lead to inadequate lysis of venous thrombi in bone, impaired bone venous circulation, venous hypertension of bone, and subsequent, potentially reversible development of ON. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Increased plasminogen activator inhibitor and tissue plasminogen activator levels in subjects with electrocardiographic abnormality indicative of ischaemic heart disease: a cross-sectional study in Norsj?, Sweden.

The plasma levels of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) antigen concentration and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) activity were measured in a random sample of 260 subjects, 30, 40, 50, or 60 years of age. Electrocardiographic Q, ST and/or ST-T changes, suggestive of definite or possible ischaemic heart disease (IHD), were found in 21% of the 50-year-old and 37% of the 60-year-old subjects. As compared to subjects lacking such signs, plasma tPA and PAI levels were significantly increased in the 60-year-old group, and PAI tended to be increased in the 50-year-old group. Previous case-control studies, usually performed at specialized centres and liable to sampling biases, have suggested an association between increased PAI levels and ischaemic heart disease. This cross-sectional population study provides independent data that patients with electrocardiographic signs of IHD have increased levels of both PAI and tPA antigen.     

高糖和抗生素对大鼠腹膜间皮细胞表达PAI和TGF—βmRNA的影响

为探讨腹膜硬化的发生机制，采用腹膜间皮细胞培养、纤维蛋白平板方法和Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ杂交技术观察了不同浓度葡萄糖和抗生素庆大霉素与头孢唑啉钠对大鼠腹膜间皮细胞纤溶酶原激活物抑制物（ＰＡＩ）产生和转化生长因子－β（ＴＧＦ－β）ｍＲＮＡ表达的影响。结果表明腹膜间皮细胞可表达ＰＡＩ－１ｍＲＮＡ和产生活性ＰＡＩ；培养１２小时，１１．２ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ的高渗葡萄糖、庆大霉素和头孢唑啉钠可增强腹膜间皮细胞ＰＡＩ－１ｍＲＮＡ的表达和增加活性ＰＡＩ的分泌；培养至２４小时，１１．２ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ的高渗葡萄糖继续诱导腹膜间皮细胞产生活性ＰＡＩ增加，庆大霉素既可以继续引起ＰＡＩ－１ｍＲＮＡ表达增加，而且还可以使腹膜间皮细胞活性ＰＡＩ产生增加。同时在培养２４小时，１１．２ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ的高渗葡萄糖和庆大霉素与头孢唑啉钠均可引起腹膜间皮细胞ＴＧＦ－βｍＲＮＡ表达增加。结果提示：１１．２ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ的高渗葡萄糖和庆大霉素与头孢唑啉钠可以导致间皮细胞表达ＰＡＩ和ＴＧＦ－β上调，在腹膜硬化发生机制中起着重要作用。     

The development of cardiac fibrosis in low tissue factor mice is gender-dependent and is associated with differential regulation of urokinase plasminogen activator

Tissue factor (TF) initiates the protease coagulation cascade in response to tissue injury. Homozygous deficiency of murine TF results in embryonic lethality, which is rescued by low-level expression of human TF. These low-TF mice have been shown to develop cardiac fibrosis. We tested the hypothesis that the development of cardiac fibrosis in low-TF mice results from dysregulated protease expression and is affected by gender. Mice were divided into the age groups 2-5, 6-12, 13-18 and 19+ weeks. Fibrosis was assessed by trichrome staining. Protease expression was measured in male and female mice by RT-PCR for mRNA and zymography, ELISA or immunoblot for protein. Urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) activity was determined by zymography and chromogenic substrate assay. A marked gender effect was noted for the development of fibrosis, with interstitial collagen deposition occurring from 9 weeks in male low-TF mice, but not until 19 weeks in low-TF females. This delayed onset in females was accompanied by delayed up-regulation of molecular markers of injury. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 expression were up-regulated in the hearts of male low-TF mice from 6 to 12 weeks and in females from 19 weeks. MMP/TIMP dysregulation was not seen prior to cardiac fibrosis and did not appear to explain the gender differences. However, uPA expression and activity were down-regulated prior to cardiac fibrosis in low-TF females, but were up-regulated in age-matched males. This suggests that the down-regulation of uPA in female low-TF mice protects them from more severe cardiac fibrosis.     

高脂血症脂肪肝家兔肝脏纤溶酶原激活物抑制物1型基因表达的研究

目的探讨高脂血症脂肪肝肝组织纤溶酶原激活物抑制１型（ＰＡＩ－１）ｍＲＮＡ的表达以及血浆ＰＡＩ－１活性变化。方法通过持续１２周的高脂饮食建立家兔高脂血症脂肪肝模型,分别利用发色底物法和ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ法测定模型组（ｎ＝１０）血浆ＰＡＩ－１活性及肝脏ＰＡＩ－１ｍＲＮＡ的表达,并设正常饮食组（ｎ＝７）作对照。结果与正常组相比,模型组家兔血浆脂质和ＰＡＩ－１活性在实验６周时即显著增高,实验结束时模型组肝脏呈重     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者气道尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物系统成分的高水平状态

目的研究慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者气道局部尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物(u-PA)系统状态及其病理生理意义。方法(1)诱导痰检测临床稳定期COPD患者(诱导痰COPD组)56例,平均年龄(51±11)岁,第一秒用力呼气容积占预计值百分比(FEV1占预计值%)为(53.5%±14.4)%,诱导痰健康对照组26名,平均年龄(46±9)岁,FEV1占预计值%为(85.1±1.0)%;采用酶联免疫吸附法测定诱导痰中u-PA、尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物受体(u-PAR)、纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂1(PAI-1)和白细胞介素8(IL-8)、γ干扰素(IFN-γ)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素10(IL-10)水平;(2)肺组织病理COPD并肺大疱接受手术治疗患者(免疫组化COPD组)11例,平均年龄(53±7)岁,FEV1占预计值%为(58.3±6.6)%;非COPD因肺部局灶病变接受手术治疗患者(非免疫组化COPD对照组)10例(其中炎性假瘤3例、错构瘤5例、结核球2例),平均年龄(47±12)岁,FEV1占预计值%为(84.3±1.6)%。采用免疫组化检测u-PA、u-PAR、PAI-1在肺组织中的细胞表达。结果(1)诱导痰COPD组诱导痰中可溶性u-PAR、PAI-1和IL-8水平分别为(570±614)ng/L、(6162±9247)ng/L、(12370±17292)ng/L,与健康对照组[(97±74)ng/L、(574±731)ng/L、(1868±1905)ng/L]比较差异有统计学意义(t值分别为5.629、4.346、4.486,P均<0.01);(2)相关分析诱导痰COPD组诱导痰中可溶性u-PAR和PAI-1水平分别与IL-8呈正相关(r值分别为0.483、0.770,P均<0.01),可溶性PAI-1水平与患者FEV1占预计值%呈负相关(r=-0.272,P<0.05);(3)免疫组化免疫组化COPD组u-PAR表达[(49±16)%]见于肺泡上皮细胞、巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞以及淋巴细胞,而免疫组化非COPD对照组[(33±18)%]表达着色浅淡,主要见于肺泡上皮细胞,两组阳性表达率比较差异有统计学意义(t=2.213,P<0.05);免疫组化COPD组PAI-1表达[(61±16)%]见于成纤维细胞、巨噬细胞和中性粒细胞,而免疫组化非COPD组[(37±16)%]表达着色浅淡,主要见于成纤维细胞,两组阳性表达率比较差异有统计学意义(t=3.419P<0.05)。结论u-PA系统成分是COPD气道局部重要的炎性介质,其中PAI-1在COPD的组织重塑中可能具有重要作用。     

增龄及乙醇对大鼠肝和大脑纤溶酶原激活物抑制物1 mRNA表达的影响

目的 探讨增龄及乙醇对大鼠肝和大脑纤溶酶原激活物抑制物l(plasminogen activator inhibitor1，PAI-1)mRNA表达的影响。方法 将老龄与幼龄大鼠随机分为乙醇灌胃组和对照组。乙醇灌胃组以50％乙醇(V／V)12ml／kg每日灌胃2次，对照组给予等量蒸馏水。7d后获取肝和脑组织标本，抽提总RNA后，采用单管竞争性逆转录一聚合酶链反应进行PAI-l mRNA和内参照物片段的扩增，对比分析两者的光密度值，得到PAI-l mRNA的相对表达量。结果 短期大剂量乙醇灌胃后老龄乙醇灌胃组死亡率明显高于幼龄乙醇灌胃组。析因分析显示，增龄和乙醇灌胃均使大鼠肝脏PAI-l mRNA的相对表达量显著高于对照组；同时增龄和乙醇具有协同作用。χ2检验发现，大脑皮质组织中PAI-l mRNA的阳性表达率，老龄乙醇灌胃组显著高于老龄对照组和幼龄乙醇灌胃组；幼龄乙醇灌胃组明显高于幼龄对照组；老龄对照组明显高于幼龄对照组。结论 增龄和短期大剂量乙醇摄人均可诱导大鼠肝脏和大脑皮质组织表达PAI-l mRNA，而在增龄的基础上乙醇诱导PAI-l mRNA高表达的作用更为明显。