我国学生营养健康状况未来5年发展趋势预测

目的预测未来5年全国学生营养健康状况的发展趋势。方法基于1985、1995、2000、2005年4次全国学生体质调研有关营养检测指标的监测数据,运用多变量灰色预测模型方法,建立全国学生营养不良、超重和肥胖的数学预测模型及其预测值。结果轻度营养不良2010、2015年的最大检出率,城市男生(城男)将达4.25%和4.33%,城市女生(城女)达7.37%和6.65%,乡村男生(乡男)达5.07%和6.29%,乡村女生(乡女)达7.37%和7.88%;中度以上营养不良2010、2015年最大检出率,城男达0.18%和0.20%,城女达0.68%和0.70%,乡男达0.20%和0.23%,乡女分别达0.72%和0.72%;超重2010、2015年的最大检出率,城男达22.89%和31.86%,城女达16.01%和20.09%,乡男达15.31%和22.42%,乡女达11.42%和14.90%;肥胖2010、2015年的最大检出率,城男达19.85%和26.02%,城女达11.18%和15.49%,乡男达10.91%和18.36%,乡女达6.13%和9.55%。13～15岁和16～18岁是未来5年我国学生营养不良的重点干预群体,10～12岁学生是超重和肥胖的重点干预群体;轻度营养不良学生群体有望下降,城市学生下降幅度较明显于农村学生;中度以上营养不良未来增降不明显,城乡差距不显著且水平基本持平。结论未来5年超重、肥胖学生群体呈递增态势,城市上升幅度高于农村,男生高于女生,肥胖成为未来5年威胁我国学生健康的重大营养问题,应引起全社会的高度重视与关注。     

2005年百色市壮族学生营养状况

目的 了解百色市壮族学生营养状况,为进一步制定、实施干预措施提供科学理论依据.方法 按《2005年全国学生体质健康调研工作手册》检测细则要求,对百色市7～18岁共4 805名壮族学生进行身高、体重测量.采用"2000年中国儿童青少年身高标准体重筛查标准"判定学生营养状况.结果 百色市壮族学生营养不良和较低体重检出率较高,分别为12.72%、58.05%;超重和肥胖检出率较低,分别为1.96%、2.54%.男生营养不良及较低体重最高检出率分别表现在青春中期及整个青春期,而女生则为青春中、后期及青春前、早期;超重与肥胖的最高检出率男生表现在青春前期,而女生表现在青春早期;城乡壮族学生营养不良检出率差别无显著意义(P＞0.05);而肥胖检出率为城镇高于乡村(P=0.007).结论 针对壮族学生不同生长发育时期、不同群体出现的营养问题,干预措施应各有侧重.     

百色市区中小学生营养状况分析

目的了解百色市区中小学生2007年营养状况,为学生营养不良、超重及肥胖的综合防治工作提供科学依据。方法按照卫生部《学校卫生情况年报表填报说明及技术规范》要求对百色市区中小学生进行身高、体重的测量,采用《1995年全国7～22岁身高标准体重值》作为评价标准。结果共检测中小学生26664名,营养不良检出率为28.93%;营养过剩率为11.59%,其中超重和肥胖检出率分别为6.38%和5.21%。营养不良检出率女生高于男生,超重和肥胖检出率男生则高于女生,城市学生高于乡镇。结论百色市区中小学生营养不良与营养过剩同时存在,应加强对中小学生的营养均衡搭配。     

辽河油田中小学生超重与肥胖状况调查及相关因素

目的了解辽宁省盘锦市辽河油田地区中小学生超重、肥胖状况及相关因素,以期加强重视,早期预防。方法抽取辽河油田欢采地区,渤海地区,高采地区,钻工地区4所小学,3所初中共1 377名中小学生,搜集身高、体重数据并发放调查问卷评估相关因素。结果辽河油田中小学生超重率16.3%,其中男生18.9%,女生13.4%;肥胖率20.1%,其中男生24.1%,女生15.9%。肥胖与超重主要分布在食欲好、吃饭速度快、出生体重超标的学生中。喜食甜食、睡前进食、与糖尿病家族史进入回归方程,与肥胖超重关系密切。结论辽宁省盘锦市辽河油田中小学生肥胖流行率36.46%,已达肥胖流行的3级水平,故应加强重视,建立规范的监测体系,采取积极有效措施,加强相关因素的宣教,有助于积极防治中小学生肥胖的发生。     

小学生肥胖发生率及其对心肺功能影响

目的 对我区小学生超重、肥胖情况进行了解,为防治小学生原发性肥胖提供依据.方法 2011年6月至12月随机抽取我区2900名小学生的肥胖状况、血压、肺活量和肺活量指标进行调查及分析.结果 在抽样的2900名小学生中,检出的超重和肥胖占率分别达到了12.00%和10.28%,.男生超重检出率为13.24%,而女生则为9.66%.男生肥胖检出率为12.91%,女生则明显低于男生仅为7.44%.男女生超重肥胖合并检出率分别26.15%和17.11.超重、肥胖儿童的血压都比对照组高.超重、肥胖儿童的肺活量均大于正常体重儿童,但是超重、肥胖儿童的肺活量指数都明显低于正常体重儿童.结论 我区男童肥胖问题严重,应加强肥胖儿童的治疗及和控制,以协助其心肺功能的健康发育.     

凌海市小学生超重与肥胖状况调查

目的：了解凌海市小学生超重与肥胖状况及影响,为该市小学生原发性肥胖的防治工作提供理论依据。方法：采用整群抽样法随机抽取凌海市2006和2007年6所小学全部4-6年级学生健康体检资料,综合分析,计算体重指数（BMI）和肺活量指数,应用BMI法筛查超重和肥胖小学生。结果：2006年超重检出率为9.1%,男女检出率分别为11.3%、6.8%;肥胖检出率为8.7%,男女检出率分别为12.3%、4.8%。2007年超重检出率为8.7%,男女检出率分别为11.1%、6.0%;肥胖检出率为9.6%,男女检出率分别为12.8%、6.0%。男生超重和肥胖检出率高于女生。城市超重和肥胖检出率高于农村。超重、肥胖小学生的肺活量高于正常体重小学生,而肺活量指数明显低于正常体重小学生。结论：凌海市男生超重和肥胖检出率的增长趋势较为突出;早期预防和控制小学生肥胖有助于心肺功能的发育。     

延边地区汉族青少年肥胖分布特点

[目的]分析延边地区汉族青少年肥胖分布特征.[方法]采用整群抽样方法抽取延边地区安图县高中3年级汉族学生共1 658人,测量身高、体重、腰围和臀围,分别以体重指数(BMI)和腰围作为评价肥胖的指标.[结果]男生各体格指标水平均明显高于女生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);男生及女生的超重检出率分别为11.2%,7.1%,肥胖检出率分别为2.3%,1.4%,超重及肥胖合计检出率分别为13.5%,8.5%,男生和女生的超重及合计检出率差异间均有统计学意义(P<0.01).BMI与体重、腰围、臀围、腰围臀围比值(WHR)及腰围身高比值(WHtR)之间具有正相关关系,偏相关系数分别为0.893,0.548,0.584,0.056,0.555(P<0.05).多因素分析结果表明,本地区青少年超重肥胖与性别、身高、体重、腰围、臀围、WHR及WHtR有相关关系.[结论]延边地区汉族青少年BMI与体重、腰围、臀围、WHR及WHtR密切相关.     

5374名天津市城区6～13岁儿童身高、体重测量及肥胖、矮小检出率的调查

目的：探讨学龄儿童身高、体重及超重、肥胖和矮小的患病情况。方法：抽取了天津市城区5 374名学龄儿童,收集身高、体重及计算体重指数;以2005年九省市儿童体格发育调查数据的标准,计算超重、肥胖、矮小的检出率,并分析其特点。结果：（1）男生和女生平均身高相同,男生体重均高于同年龄组女生。（2）6.5～8.5岁组、9.5～10.5岁组、11.5～12岁组男生身高高于全国水平。6.5～9.5岁组、10.5～11.5岁组女生身高高于全国水平。男生和女生体重均高于全国水平。（3）超重的总检出率为12.11%,肥胖的总检出率为17.66%,其中男生分别为11.91%和19.67%,女生分别为12.30%和15.49%;男生肥胖的检出率高于女生。（4）矮小的总检出率为1.99%,男生矮小的检出率为1.96%,女生矮小的检出率为2.02%。结论：肥胖发病率增长速度较快,该调查中超过1/4的儿童超重和肥胖;矮小发病率处于国内中等水平。儿童肥胖已成为重要公共卫生问题之一,应早期干预。     

长治市小学生生长发育和营养状况分析

目的 了解长治市小学生生长发育及营养状况,为制定干预措施提供科学依据.方法 对长治市30所小学在校学生进行身高、体重等指标的测定,并采用〈中国学生7～22岁身高标准体重值〉和〈中国学龄儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查体重指数分类标准〉进行营养状况判定和评价.结果 该市小学生身高、体重指标随年龄增加而增长,符合生长发育规律.小学生低体重检出率为1.0%,女生显著高于男生（P〈0.01）.而超重和肥胖率为15.4%和14.8%,男女生超重发生率无差别,但肥胖率男生均高于女生（P〈0.01）.结论 长治市小学生生长发育符合一般规律,但存在不同程度营养缺乏和超重、肥胖问题,亟需定期检查并采取有效措施来改善其营养状况.     

江苏省江阴市6～17岁儿童青少年超重、肥胖流行现状

目的了解江阴市儿童青少年超重、肥胖现状及特点,为预防儿童青少年超重、肥胖提供科学依据。方法 2013-2017年采用整群随机抽样方法,每年按照高中、初中、小学学生性别比例抽取的30%的学生依据《学生健康检查技术规范》(GB/T 26343-2010)进行体格检查,数据录入"江苏省学生健康信息管理系统"中,利用身高、体重计算体质指数(body mass index,BMI),分析不同性别、年龄、城乡、学年的超重、肥胖流行特征。结果江阴市儿童青少年超重检出率为13.19%,肥胖检出率为9.34%,高于全国平均水平,两者均为男生高于女生、农村高于城市、小学生初中生高中生,差异均有统计学意义(超重χ~2=94.732,P0.05,肥胖χ~2=1 085.591,P0.05)。2017年儿童青少年超重检出率较2013年提高了10.05%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=36.516,P0.05);肥胖检出率较2013年提高了4.85%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6.118,P0.05)。结论江阴市儿童青少年超重、肥胖检出率持续增长,7岁组肥胖检出率达12.24%,已处于国内高位水平。     

Nutrition in Chinese-Korean Children and Adolescents

ObjectiveTo study the nutrition habits among Chinese-Korean children and adolescents in Yanbian Autonomous Prefecture, Jilin, China. MethodsData were obtained from the Chinese National Survey on Students’ Constitution and Health in 1995, 2000, 2005, and 2010 for Chinese-Korean children and adolescents aged 7-18 years.The number of the subjects included was 4789, 4704, 5875, and 5315, respectively. ResultsThe rate of the occurrence of stunting showed a declining trend from 1995 to 2010 (for boys:urban, 6.3%; rural, 12.7% in 1995 and 3.5% for both in 2010. For girls: urban, 7.8%; rural, 13.4% in 1995 and 4.2% and 5.5%, respectively, in 2010). Although the ratio of wasting did not show significant differences between the urban and rural children and adolescents in 1995, 2000, 2005, and 2010 respectively, the ratio of occurrence of overweight or obesity increased (for boys: urban, 7.3% and 1.3%in 1995, 17.6% and 12.9% in 2010; rural, 7.0% and 1.3% in 1995, 14.6% and 12.8% in 2010, respectively. For girls: urban, 8.1% and 1.0% in 1995, 17.3% and 8.6% in 2010; rural 5.7% and 0.7% in 1995, 16.4%and 7.4% in 2010, respectively). ConclusionThe ratio of malnutrition in children and adolescents in Chinese-Korean areas declined from 1995 to 2010, and the distinction in malnutrition between the urban and rural areas was negligible in 2010. Further, the ratio of overweight and obesity increased over this period.     

The Influence of Secular Trends in Body Height and Weight on the Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among Chinese Children and Adolescents

Objective To explore the influence of secular trends in body height and weight on the prevalence of overweight and obesity among Chinese children and adolescents. Methods The data were obtained from five cross-sectional Chinese National Surveys on Students’ Constitution and Health. Overweight/obesity was defined as BMI-for-age Z-score of per the Wold Health Organization (WHO) reference values. Body height and weight for each sex and age were standardized to those reported in 1985 (standardized height: SHY; standardized weight: SWY) and for each sex and year at age 7 (standardized height: SHA; standardized weight: SWA) using the Z-score method. Results The prevalence of overweight/obesity in Chinese children was 20.2% among boys and 10.7%among girls in 2010 and increased continuously from 1985 to 2010. Among boys and girls of normal weight, SHY and SHA were significantly greater than SWY and SWA, respectively (P < 0.001). Among boys and girls with overweight/obesity, SHY was significantly lower than SWY (P < 0.001), and showed an obvious decreasing trend after age 12. SHA was lower than SWA among overweight boys aged 7-8 years and girls aged 7-9 years. SHY/SHW and SHA/SWA among normal-weight groups were greater than among overweight and obese groups (P < 0.001). Conclusion The continuous increase in the prevalence of overweight/obesity among Chinese children may be related to a rapid increase in body weight before age 9 and lack of secular increase in body height after age 12.     

Report on Childhood Obesity in China （4） Prevalence and Trends of Overweight and Obesity in Chinese Urban School-age Children and Adolescents, 1985-2000

Objective To describe the nationwide prevalence of childhood overweight/obesity, and their group variations and trends over the past 20 years in the Chinese urban population. Methods Data sets of boys and girls at the age of 7-18 years collected from the series of Chinese national surveillance on students' constitution and health (CNSSCH) between 1985 and 2000 were divided into five socioeconomic and demographic groups, while BMI classification reference proposed by Working Group on Obesity in China (WGOC) was used as screening reference to calculate the prevalence and trends of overweight/obesity in these groups. Results In 2000, the prevalence of obesity and overweight in boys aged 7-18 years was 11.3% and 6.5% in Beijing, 13.2% and 4.9% in Shanghai, 9.9% and 4.5% in coastal big cities, and 5.8% and 2.0% in coastal medium/small-sized cities, respectively, while the prevalence of of obesity and overweight in girls of the same age group was 8.2% and 3.7% in Beijing, 7.3% and 2.6% in Shanghai, 5.9% and 2.8% in coastal big cities, and 4.8% and 1.7% in coastal medium/small-sized cities, respectively. The prevalence of obesity was low in most of the inland cities at an early stage of epidemic overweight. The epidemic manifested a gradient distribution in groups, which was closely related to socioeconomic status (SES) of the study population. However, a dramatic and steady increasing trend was witnessed among all sex-age subgroups in the five urban groups, and such a trend was stronger in boys than in girls, and much stronger in children than in adolescents. Conclusion Although China is at an early stage of epidemic obesity by and large, the prevalence of obesity in her urban population, particularly in coastal big cities has reached the average level of developed countries. The increasing trend has been rapid since early 1990s, and the increments in obesity and overweight are exceptionally high. The prospect of epidemic obesity in China is in no way optimistic. Therefore, preventive program should be focused on the improvement of the balance between caloric intake and energy expenditure, and interventions aimed at changing children's life styles.     

重庆市城区3～18岁儿童青少年肥胖症及相关疾病的流行病学调查

目的为掌握重庆市儿童青少年超重肥胖的发病情况,并对心血管疾病相关的高危指标进行观察。方法对重庆市城区23293名3~18岁儿童青少年进行了流行病学调查。测量指标包括身高、体重、腰围、臀围、血压。结果(1)总体检出超重12.44%,肥胖为3.72%,其中男孩分别为14.38%、4.99%,女孩为10.37%、2.35%。(2)肥胖组及超重组男女儿童的收缩压及舒张压高于90百分位及95百分位者均多于正常体重组,χ2值分别为404.535、618.486,115.912、131.641,P值均<0.005。(3)腰-臀围比值肥胖男孩中有10.89%腰-臀围比值>1.0,肥胖女孩中有75.00%腰-臀围比值>0.85。结论重庆市城区儿童青少年超重检出率为12.44%,肥胖检出率为3.72%。肥胖儿童中的血压升高者明显的多于同年龄同性别正常体重儿童。女孩中心性肥胖高于男孩。     

Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Australian children and adolescents: reassessment of 1985 and 1995 data against new standard international definitions.

OBJECTIVE: To review the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Australian children and adolescents in two national samples, 10 years apart, using the new standard international definitions of the International Obesity Task Force Childhood Obesity Working Group. DESIGN: Body mass index (BMI) cut-off points defining overweight and obesity were applied to the individual BMI values in the two cross-sectional samples. SETTING: Australian community. PARTICIPANTS: 8,492 schoolchildren aged 7-15 years (Australian Health and Fitness Survey, 1985) and 2,962 children aged 2-18 years (National Nutrition Survey, 1995). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Prevalence of overweight and obesity. RESULTS: In the 1985 sample, 9.3% of boys and 10.6% of girls were overweight and a further 1.7% [corrected] of boys and 1.6% [corrected] of girls were obese. In the 1995 sample, overall 15.0% of boys (varied with age from 10.4% to 20.0%) and 15.8% of girls (varied with age from 14.5% to 17.2%) were overweight, and a further 4.5% of boys (2.4%-6.8%) and 5.3% of girls (4.2%-6.3%) were obese. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in the 1995 sample peaked at 12-15 years in boys and 7-11 years in girls. In schoolchildren aged 7-15 years, the rates represent a relative risk of overweight in 1995 compared with 1985 of 1.79 (95% CI, 1.59-2.00) and of obesity of 3.28 (95% CI, 2.51-4.29). Compared with previous estimates from these samples, the revised prevalence data are slightly higher for the 1985 data and considerably higher for the 1995 data. CONCLUSION: The secular trend of increasing overweight and obesity in the decade from 1985 and the high prevalence rates in Australian children and adolescents are a major public health concern.     

Overweight and obesity from childhood to adulthood: a follow-up of participants in the 1985 Australian Schools Health and Fitness Survey

OBJECTIVE: To examine overweight and obesity in Australian children followed through to adulthood. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: A cohort study of 8498 children aged 7-15 years who participated in the 1985 Australian Schools Health and Fitness Survey; of these, 2208 men and 2363 women completed a follow-up questionnaire at age 24-34 years in 2001-2005. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Height and weight were measured in 1985, and self-reported at follow-up. The accuracy of self-reported data was checked in 1185 participants. Overweight and obesity in childhood were defined according to international standard definitions for body mass index (BMI), and, in adulthood, as a BMI of 25-29.9 and > or =30 kg/m2, respectively, after correcting for self-report error. RESULTS: In those with baseline and follow-up data, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in childhood was 8.3% and 1.5% in boys and 9.7% and 1.4% in girls, respectively. At follow-up, the prevalence was 40.1% and 13.0% in men and 19.7% and 11.7% in women. The relative risk (RR) of becoming an obese adult was significantly greater for those who had been obese as children compared with those who had been a healthy weight (RR = 4.7; 95% CI, 3.0-7.2 for boys and RR = 9.2; 95% CI, 6.9-12.3 for girls). The proportion of adult obesity attributable to childhood obesity was 6.4% in males and 12.6% in females. CONCLUSION: Obesity in childhood was strongly predictive of obesity in early adulthood, but most obese young adults were a healthy weight as children.     

上海地区儿童超重和肥胖的评价标准比较

目的比较和分析四种基于身高、体质量的儿童肥胖的评价标准。方法选取上海市2347名7～8岁的儿童,其中男生1175名,女生1172名,测量其身高、体质量,并计算体质量指数。分别采用身高别体质量法（1985）标准（WFH1985标准）、中国肥胖问题工作组儿童青少年体质指数标准（WGOC标准）、欧洲国际肥胖工作组儿童青少年体质指数标准（IOTF标准）与美国疾病预防控制中心儿童青少年体质指数标准（CDC标准）评价儿童超重和肥胖的发生率。结果①男生超重发生率为IOTF标准明显高于其他三个标准（P〈0．05）,女生超重发生率IOTF标准明显高于WGOC标准和CDC标准（P〈0．05）;男生肥胖发生率IOTF标准明显低于其他三个标准（P〈0．01）;女生肥胖发生率IOTF标准明显低于WFH1985标准和WGOC标准（P〈0．01）。②WFH1985标准和WGOC标准对肥胖和超重的评价结果差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论WFH1985标准和WGOC标准比IOTF和CDC标准更适合我国儿童超重和肥胖发生率的筛查。     

3387名卫生学校学生超重、肥胖率和对肥胖危害认知情况的调查

目的 调查廊坊市卫生学校学生超重、肥胖及超重、肥胖学生对肥胖危害认知情况,为干预超重、肥胖提供依据.方法 测量身高、体重,计算学生超重率、肥胖率;自制问卷调查超重、肥胖学生对肥胖危害的认知情况.结果 城市学生超重率为15.12%,肥胖率为5.81%;农村学生超重率为13.57%,肥胖率为4.01%,差异无统计学意义（P ＞ 0.05）.男生超重率为16.87%,肥胖率为6.26%,女生超重率为12.86%,肥胖率为3.62%;男生对于自身超重或肥胖的认知率为51.76%,明显低于女生（91.76%）,差异均有高度统计学意义（P 〈 0.01）.结论 廊坊市卫生学校学生超重、肥胖的发生率较高,城乡差异不明显,男生超重率、肥胖率高于女生,学生对于超重、肥胖的危害认识不足,采取减重措施比例偏低.     

2004年西安市11～17岁青少年超重和肥胖现状及其相关因素

目的 了解西安市11～17岁青少年超重和肥胖的现状及其相关因素.方法 通过多阶段整群抽样方法抽取西安市6城区30所中学1 804名学生（11～17岁）,测量其身高、体重并计算体质指数（BMI）,采用2000美国疾病预防控制中心（CDC）低体重标准及中国肥胖工作组（WGOC）推荐的超重和肥胖判定标准计算低体重率、超重和肥胖率.出生体重、家庭住址、经济状况、家长学历、职业和身高、体重等信息通过家长填写问卷采集.结果 西安市青少年总超重肥胖率为17.4%（超重率11.2%、肥胖率6.2%）,其中男性总超重肥胖率为20.2%,女性为14.4%.低体重率为2.7%.多元logistic回归显示：性别、年龄、家庭居住地、家庭经济状况及父母体重与青少年超重和肥胖显著相关（P＜0.05）.经性别、年龄调整后,城区青少年超重和肥胖的风险是郊区的2.7倍（95%可信区间1.8～4.0）;家庭富裕青少年的超重和肥胖风险是不富裕家庭的1.6倍（95%可信区间1.04～2.5）;父母超重或肥胖的青少年超重肥胖发病风险是父母体重正常的1.8倍（95%可信区间1.3～2.5）.结论 超重和肥胖已经成为影响西安市青少年健康的一个主要公共卫生问题,多发于城区、经济富裕或父母肥胖的家庭,以男性居多.     

中国9～11岁小学生体育锻炼、静态行为和超重与肥胖的关系

目的：研究全国9~11岁小学生体育锻炼、静态行为和超重与肥胖的关系,并探索是否存在性别差异以及各省的异质性,为预防和控制超重与肥胖提供科学依据。方法： 选取2010年全国学生体质健康调研资料中40 692名9~11岁汉族小学生,利用学生的身高、体重数据以及体育锻炼、视屏行为以及做家庭作业的时间数据,在不同性别的学生中分析体育锻炼、静态行为与超重与肥胖的关系,并采用Meta分析检验这些相关性在各省之间的异质性。结果： 男生的超重与肥胖检出率高于女生（分别为27.1%和12.9%）,城市学生的超重与肥胖检出率高于农村学生（分别为23.8%和15.6%）,学生超重与肥胖检出率在“好”、“中”、“差”3类经济片区中分别为22.6%,19.2%和17.5%。男生每天体育锻炼时间≤1 h的学生的超重与肥胖率高于每天体育锻炼时间>1 h的学生,OR值为1.09（95%CI：1.02, 1.17）。女生每天视屏行为时间＞1 h、每天做家庭作业的时间＞2 h是超重与肥胖的危险因素,OR值分别为1.13（95%CI：1.02, 1.26）、1.18（95%CI：1.03, 1.35）,女生每天静态行为时间＞135 min的学生超重与肥胖率较高,OR值为1.19（95%CI：1.08, 1.33）。男生每天体育锻炼时间≤1 h、女生每天静态行为时间＞135 min对超重与肥胖的OR值在各省之间的异质性差异均没有统计学意义（P> 0.05）。结论：小学生体育锻炼、静态行为时间和超重与肥胖有关,其关联存在性别差异,没有发现各省之间的异质性,未来应该针对不同性别的特点开展肥胖防控工作。