中小学教师心理健康状况及相关因素的调查

作者采用整群随机抽样的方法，对５２０名中小学教师进行了ＳＣＬ－９０，生活事件量表的评定分析。结果表明，中小学教师心理卫生问题的发生率为１９．３％，其中轻度占１７．６％，中度占１．７％，ＳＣＬ－９０各项目得分均明显高于全国常模，且中学教师、女教师、班主任教师及语文、数学教师的心理卫生问题更严重、更多。相关分析表明，ＳＣＬ－９０各项目与生活事件总值和负性生活事件值呈正相关。作者还对影响中小学心理健康的社会心理因素进行了讨论。     

高三教师心理健康水平与人格特征的相关研究

目的研究高三教师的心理健康、人格特征状况及两者关系。方法应用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)测评337名高三教师。结果教师的SCL-90在躯体化[(1．54±0．58)分]、抑郁[(1．57±0．51)分]、精神病性[(1．35±0．43)分]和阳性项目数[(44．11±25．68)分]显著高于全国常模(P＜0．05,P＜0．01),人际关系敏感显著低于常模；教师EPQ中N量表与SCL-90总分及所有因子分显著正相关,P量表与SCL-90总分及7个因子分显著正相关；回归分析表明,神经质N、精神质P和掩饰度L对心理健康有预测作用。结论应对高三教师加强健全人格教育,提高其心理健康水平。     

甘肃省卫校学生心理健康调查及影响因素分析

目的：了解卫校学生的心理健康状况及其影响因素,提高学生心理健康水平。方法：对整群抽取的甘肃省卫校375名学生,用症状自评量表（SCL-90）调查。结果：SCL-90阳性检出率为51．52％;卫校学生心理状况较全国中学生差（P〈0．05）;开设心理健康教育课程班级的学生心理健康状况较未开设班级好（P〈0．05）。结论：卫校学生心理健康状况较差,是个人因素、家庭、社会因素作用的结果,学校应加强对学生的心理健康教育。     

包头市卫生学校学生心理健康状况调查与分析

目的:探讨包头市卫生学校学生心理健康状况,针对发现问题改善学生心理教学模式。方法:采用生活事件调查表、症状自评量表(SCL-90)对300名在校学生进行生活事件及心理健康状况调查。结果:各类心理问题的检出率为39.3%;在SCL-90中,农村学生的6个因子得分均比来自城市的学生高(P<0.05),一年级、三年级学生的4个因子得分与二年级学生差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在生活事件调查中,一年级、三年级学生的3个因子得分与二年级学生差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);学生就业的期望大于继续深造的期望。结论:卫校学生心理健康水平较低,心理健康问题的重点人群是女生,特别是农村学生,学校应针对性地开展健康教育和咨询。     

卫生学校学生心理健康状况调查

目的：了解卫生学校（以下简称卫校）学生的心理健康状况，为实施有效的青年学生心理健康干预提供参考。方法：采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）对1082名卫校学生进行问卷调查。结果：有46．1％的学生存在不同程度的心理健康问题；卫校一年级学生在强迫、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖等因子上较明显；三年级学生在人际关系和偏执因子上较明显；来自农村的学生各因子显著高于来自城市的学生；不同专业、不同性别学生的心理状况无显著性差异。结论：卫校学生的心理健康问题比较普遍，学校应根据不同情况进行心理干预，促进学生身心健康。     

医学生心理健康状况调查分析

目的评估上海交通大学医学院学生的心理健康状况。方法运用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对连续4届,共2102名医学生进行心理健康状况评定。结果①上海交通大学医学院学生SCL-90各因子得分低于全国大学生和河南省大学生,但阳性因子比例较高。②男生的偏执因子得分高于女生。③护理学专业和临床医学七年制学生的因子得分显著高于其他专业(P<0.05)。结论上海交通大学医学院学生总体心理健康状况良好,在不同性别和专业中,部分心理问题较突出。     

医学生心理健康状况调查分析

目的评估上海交通大学医学院学生的心理健康状况.方法运用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对连续4届,共2 102名医学生进行心理健康状况评定.结果①上海交通大学医学院学生SCL-90各因子得分低于全国大学生和河南省大学生,但阳性因子比例较高.②男生的偏执因子得分高于女生.③护理学专业和临床医学七年制学生的因子得分显著高于其他专业(P<0.05).结论上海交通大学医学院学生总体心理健康状况良好,在不同性别和专业中,部分心理问题较突出.     

高原汽车兵心理健康特点及相关因素分析

目的研究高原汽车兵心理健康特点及其影响因素。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90),状态-特质焦虑问卷、社会支持评定量表、应对方式问卷及成人艾森克人格问卷,对驻扎在格尔木地区某部汽车团汽车兵进行测试。与SCL-90中国常模、军人常模、高原一般军人进行比较,并分析SCL-90军龄、级别特征,进行相关分析。结果①高原汽车兵SCL-90总均分[(1.76±0.59)分]、阳性项目数[(41.01±21.60)分]和各因子得分均显著高于中国军人常模(P<0.01);除阳性项目数外,SCL-90总均分和各因子得分明显低于高原一般军人(P<0.05);②高原军人心理健康特征。军龄上:除躯体化因子外,SCL-90各因子得分、总均分和阳性项目数差异无显著性(P>0.05);级别上:躯体化、偏执因子和阳性项目数得分存在显著差异(P<0.05);③SCL-90各因子得分与艾森克人格问卷神经质因子、精神质因子、特质焦虑、状态焦虑和消极应对得分呈显著正相关(P<0.01),与内外向因子、掩饰性因子、社会支持总分、客观支持、主观支持、支持利用度得分呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。结论高原条件下汽车兵心理卫生水平总体较差,并呈现明显的军龄和级别特征;高原汽车兵心理健康与个性、焦虑、社会支持及应对方式有关。     

昆明市警察心理健康状况及影响因素分析

目的探讨昆明警察的心理健康状况及影响因素.方法采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）调查昆明市社区警察、狱警和特警中随机抽取的70名.结果 70名警察SCL-90量表的8项（躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性）因子分、总分均高于全国正常成人常模（P〈0.01）;其中特警的6项因子分（躯体化、人际关系敏感、焦虑、恐怖、偏执、精神病性）以及总分和总症状指数均高于社区民警（P〈0.01）;男性警察的SCL-90量表的9项因子、总分和总症状指数均高于女警（P〈0.01）.结论昆明警察的心理健康状况差于一般群体,尤其男性、特警心理健康状况较差.     

卫生学校"三困学生"心理健康状况调查分析

目的：了解卫生学校＂三困学生＂（生活困难、学习困难、遵章守纪困难生）心理健康状况,为提高其心理健康水平提供理论依据。方法：应用症状自评量表（SCL-90）,对分层整群抽取的190名卫校＂三困学生＂进行心理健康调查。结果：三困学生心理卫生问题发生率显著高于非三困生。其中,生活困难生在人际关系、抑郁、焦虑等因子上的得分均显著高于非三困生,学习困难生在人际关系、强迫、焦虑因子上显著高于非三困生,遵章守纪困难生在人际关系以及敌对因子上显著高于非三困生。结论：三困学生存在明显的心理健康问题,及早进行有针对性的心理健康教育很有必要。     

Smoking habits among senior high school students and related factors

The present study was conducted to provide baseline data for an anti-smoking educational program. Nineteen public senior high schools in a prefecture in Kyushu, Japan, participated in the study. In July 1982, unsigned self-administered questionnaires on smoking habits were answered by 4689 students--3088 males and 1601 females--during a homeroom under the supervision of their class teacher. The proportions of students who admitted that they had smoked cigarettes were 45.9% for males and 18.2% for females at the ordinary schools, and 78.1% for males at vocational schools. Eleven to twenty percent of male students had already smoked cigarettes in primary school. More male students in vocational schools had smoked than either male or female students in ordinary schools. Over 40% of vocational school students were regular smokers, in contrast to 11.8% for males and 3.4% for females at ordinary schools. It was also noted that the younger the students, the earlier the age at which they had smoked their first cigarette. The incidence of smoking at the primary school age appeared to be correlated with the incidence of smoking by a family member and at high school age with the incidence of smoking by a friend. Spending money and a friend who smoked were strongly associated with current smoking status of high school students, while parental smoking had a weak association. These results suggest the need for anti-smoking education beginning in a lower grade in primary school.     

陕西省某县级重点中学301例高三学生心理健康调查

目的:了解黄陵县高三年级学生心理健康状况,为更好地在该地开展心理健康教育提供依据。方法:采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对301例高三学生进行心理健康状况调查,运用SPSS13.0软件进行统计分析。结果:有39.9%的高三学生存在心理健康问题;高三学生在强迫、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖、偏执、精神病性等因子均分和总分明显高于常模,有显著性差异;女生除抑郁因子均分高于男生(P<0.01)外,余无差异。结论:黄陵县高三年级的心理健康状况不容乐观,应对其进行必要的心理辅导及健康教育。     

汶川地震后高三学生心理健康状况调查及其影响因素

Objective This article mainly discuss the relationship among coping style,social support,de-pression,stress level and mental health in senior students after the earthquake. Methods 820 sample students were selected randomly from 6 middle schools in temporary inhabitancy of Dujiangyan area. Mental investigational questionnaire of China Ministry of Health, Beck Depression Inventory 2nd edition ( BDI-2), social support ques-tionnaire,simple coping style questionnaire (SCSQ) and other methods were used, and variance, correlation, and hierarchical regression to analyze the relationship of the variable. Results The account for mental investigational questionnaire of China Ministry of Health was (7.49±4.41 ) ,the scoring of B DI (14.66±9.12) was on the high side. Mental problems was positively correlated with depression symptom and stress level (r=0.69,0.15 ), while it was negatively correlated with positive coping and social support (r=-0.33, -0.30). This showed that the interac-tion between positive coping and social support (β=0.14,△R2 =0.02), depression symptom and stress level (β= 0.07, △R2 = 0.01 ) was distinctness respectively. Conclusions Most of senior students have poor scores on mental state examination in the earthquake-stricken area. Depression symptom is a mediator between positive coping and mental health. Social support is a remarkable moderator between positive coping and depression,along with the increasing of social support,the protective effect of positive coping also enhance. Stress level is a moderator between depres-sion and mental problems.     

汶川地震后高三学生心理健康状况调查及其影响因素

目的 探讨地震后高三学生的应对方式,社会支持、抑郁、应激水平和心理健康之间的关系.方法 采用整群随机抽样的方法从都江堰灾区临时安置点的6所中学抽取820个学生,通过卫生部心理问题调查问卷、贝克抑郁量表、社会支持问卷、简易应对方式问卷等工具进行测量,运用方差、相关、分层回归等方法分析变量间的关系.结果 卫生部心理问题调查问卷得分[(7.49±4.41)分],贝克抑郁量表得分[(14.66±9.12)分]偏高.心理问题与抑郁症状、应激水平正相关(r=0.69、0.15),与积极应对、社会支持负相关(r=-0.33、-0.30).积极应对和社会支持的交互作用显著(β=0.14,△R2=0.02),抑郁症状和应激水平的交互作用显著(β=0.07,△R2=0.01).结论 抑郁是积极应对和心理问题的中介变量;社会支持是积极应对和抑郁之间的显著调节变量,随着社会支持的升高,积极应对的保护作用增强;应激水平是抑郁和心理问题之间的调节变量.     

高中生网络成瘾倾向及影响因素分析

目的探讨在校高中生的网络成瘾倾向状况及相关因素,为采取有效干预措施提供理论依据。方法采用整群抽样调查方法,抽取在校高中生,用一般情况调查表、网络成瘾自评量表、总体幸福感量表、卡特尔16PF量表、情绪-社交孤独问卷、父母教养方式问卷、状态-特质焦虑量表、领悟社会支持量表等进行测查。结果在校高中生网络成瘾倾向发生率为6．60%,男女学生之间的网络成瘾倾向发生率(6．60%,6．70%)差异无显著性。网络成瘾倾向者与正常使用网络者在总体幸福感量表[(70．21±12．12)分,(78．78±9．96)分]、情绪-社交孤独问卷、领悟支持评定量表、状态-特质焦虑量表等量表评分差异存在显著性(P＜0．01)。网络成瘾倾向者16PF的稳定性、有恒性、敢为性、世故性、自律性、内向与外向性、心理健康者的人格因素、从事专业而有成就者的人格因素及在新环境中有成长能力的人格因素等因子评分显著低于正常使用网络组(P＜0．05),在敏感性、怀疑性、紧张性等因子评分显著高于正常使用网络组(P＜0．05)。高中生网络成瘾倾向严重程度的影响因素多元逐步回归分析表明,总体幸福感、从事专业而有成就者的人格因素、社交孤独、恃强性、紧张性、学校及母亲温暖理解等7个变量进入回归方程。其中,总体幸福感、专业而有成就者的人格因素和网络成瘾倾向严重程度之间呈负相关。结论网络成瘾的防治要采取综合干预措施,对有网络成瘾倾向的中学生应进行早期干预。     

高中生网络成瘾倾向及影响因素分析

目的 探讨在校高中生的网络成瘾倾向状况及相关因素,为采取有效干预措施提供理论依据.方法 采用整群抽样调查方法,抽取在校高中生,用一般情况调查表、网络成瘾自评量表、总体幸福感量表、卡特尔16PF量表、情绪-社交孤独问卷、父母教养方式问卷、状态-特质焦虑量表、领悟社会支持量表等进行测查.结果 在校高中生网络成瘾倾向发生率为6.60%,男女学生之间的网络成瘾倾向发生率(6.60%,6.70%)差异无显著性.网络成瘾倾向者与正常使用网络者在总体幸福感量表[(70.21±12.12)分,(78.78±9.96)分]、情绪-社交孤独问卷、领悟支持评定量表、状态-特质焦虑量表等量表评分差异存在显著性(P＜0.01).网络成瘾倾向者16PF的稳定性、有恒性、敢为性、世故性、自律性、内向与外向性、心理健康者的人格因素、从事专业而有成就者的人格因素及在新环境中有成长能力的人格因素等因子评分显著低于正常使用网络组(P＜0.05),在敏感性、怀疑性、紧张性等因子评分显著高于正常使用网络组(P＜0.05).高中生网络成瘾倾向严重程度的影响因素多元逐步回归分析表明,总体幸福感、从事专业而有成就者的人格因素、社交孤独、恃强性、紧张性、学校及母亲温暖理解等7个变量进入回归方程.其中,总体幸福感、专业而有成就者的人格因素和网络成瘾倾向严重程度之间呈负相关.结论 网络成瘾的防治要采取综合干预措施,对有网络成瘾倾向的中学生应进行早期干预.     

2406名农村初中生心理健康影响因素的分析

Objective To find out the factors that influence the mental health of the rural junior middle school students (JMSS).Methods 2406 JMSS in rural areas in Hunan province were assessed,using self-designed Demographic Data Recording Form, Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List, Scale of APGAR, Perceived Social Support Scale,Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire,Eysenck Personality Questionnaire,Self-Esteem Scale and Scale of Mental Health.Results There were no significant difference between JMSS with different gender(P = 0.509 ), family income (P = 0.267 ), occupation of their fathers (P = 0.473 ), occupation of their mothers (P=0.105 ), education background of their mothers (P = 0.266 ).There were statistically significant difference between JMSS of different age (P = 0.000 ), grade (P = 0.000 ), whether their parents going out to work (P = 0.000 ),whether their parents divorced(P = 0.001 ) and education background of their fathers (P = 0.000 ); whether their parents going out to work (r = 0.095 ), life events (r = 0.522 ), family care (r =-0.146 ), the perceived social support (r =-0.186 ), positive coping style (r =-0.020 ), negative coping style (r = 0.369 ) and psychoticism (r = 0.322 ),internal and external(r =-0.132), emotional stability (r = 0.555 ), lie (r =-0.293 ) and self-esteem (r =-0.329)were significantly corrected with psychological health( P ＜ 0.01 ).Except age, grade, whether their parents going out to work and the education background and occupation of their parents,the remaining variables entered the regression equation,which could explained 51.2% of changes of the psychological health(F=227.809, P=0.000).Conclusion In order to promote the development of J MSS mental health, we can give then more care to reduce negative life events in their life,guide them to culture health personality and use active coping styles when encounter difficulties and setbacks through a series of health education, promote the healthy development of their personality.     

2406名农村初中生心理健康影响因素的分析

Objective To find out the factors that influence the mental health of the rural junior middle school students (JMSS).Methods 2406 JMSS in rural areas in Hunan province were assessed,using self-designed Demographic Data Recording Form, Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List, Scale of APGAR, Perceived Social Support Scale,Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire,Eysenck Personality Questionnaire,Self-Esteem Scale and Scale of Mental Health.Results There were no significant difference between JMSS with different gender(P = 0.509 ), family income (P = 0.267 ), occupation of their fathers (P = 0.473 ), occupation of their mothers (P=0.105 ), education background of their mothers (P = 0.266 ).There were statistically significant difference between JMSS of different age (P = 0.000 ), grade (P = 0.000 ), whether their parents going out to work (P = 0.000 ),whether their parents divorced(P = 0.001 ) and education background of their fathers (P = 0.000 ); whether their parents going out to work (r = 0.095 ), life events (r = 0.522 ), family care (r =-0.146 ), the perceived social support (r =-0.186 ), positive coping style (r =-0.020 ), negative coping style (r = 0.369 ) and psychoticism (r = 0.322 ),internal and external(r =-0.132), emotional stability (r = 0.555 ), lie (r =-0.293 ) and self-esteem (r =-0.329)were significantly corrected with psychological health( P ＜ 0.01 ).Except age, grade, whether their parents going out to work and the education background and occupation of their parents,the remaining variables entered the regression equation,which could explained 51.2% of changes of the psychological health(F=227.809, P=0.000).Conclusion In order to promote the development of J MSS mental health, we can give then more care to reduce negative life events in their life,guide them to culture health personality and use active coping styles when encounter difficulties and setbacks through a series of health education, promote the healthy development of their personality.     

2406名农村初中生心理健康影响因素的分析

目的 探讨农村初中生心理健康状况的影响因素.方法 采用一般资料调查表、青少年生活事件量表、家庭关怀度量表、领悟社会支持量表、简易应对方式量表.艾森克个性问卷儿童版、自尊量表和中国中学生心理健康量表对湖南省5个县(市)5个乡(镇)中学2406名初中生进行调查.结果 不同性别(P=0.509)、月收入(P=0.267)、母亲文化(P=0.266)、父亲职业(P=0.473)、母亲职业(P=0.105)的农村初中生心理状况均分没有统计学意义,不同年龄(P=0.000)、年级(P=0.000)、父母外出情况(P=0.000)、父母离异(P=0.001)以及父亲文化(P=0.023)的农村初中生心理状况得分的差别具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);留守与否(r=0.095)、生活事件总得分(r=0.522)、家庭关怀度(r=-0.146)、社会支持(r=-0.186)、积极应对(r=-0.020)、消极应对(r=0.369)、精神质(r=0.322)、内外向(r=-0.132)、情绪稳定(r=0.555)、掩饰性(r=-0.293)自尊(r=-0.329)与心理状况均显著相关;除年龄、年级、父母离异与否、父母亲文化以及父母亲职业未进入方程,其余各变量均进入方程,可以解释心理状况变异的51.2%(F=227.809,P=0.000).结论 要促进农村初中生心理健康发展,可以在生活中给与其更多关照,减少生活中负性生活事件的发生,通过一系列健康教育引导其采用积极的应对方式面对生活中的困难和挫折,促进其个性健康发展.     

海口市初中生心理健康状况与人格因素调查

目的了解海口市初中学生心理健康水平及其人格因素,探索影响初中学生心理健康的影响因素,为建立和提高初中学生心理健康相关教育提供依据。方法采用多级整群抽样方法,随机抽取海口市4所中学初中学生701名,应用自编的个人情况问卷、SCL-90及EPQ问卷进行测试,所得数据用SPSS13.0软件包进行统计分析。结果 SCL-90和EPQ调查结果在初中学生年级、性别、是否重点学校、是否独生子女、与父母关系、家庭收入、是否经常上网等因素方面呈现出不同。结论初中学生心理健康状况及人格因素存在差别,心理问题与多个因素相关。