微创治疗锁骨下动脉窃血综合征

目的 探讨经皮血管内成形术(PTA)及内支架置放术治疗锁骨下动脉窃血综合征(SSS)的疗效。方法 应用PTA及内支架置放术治疗因锁骨下动脉狭窄致SSS患者78例,单纯行PTA22例,行PTA加支架置放术56例。结果 78例患者手术全部获得成功。随访66例,随访时间1～71个月,平均27个月,随访率84．6％。随访病例经彩超及多普勒血流图检查,均未发生病变部位再狭窄,血流通畅良好,椎动脉均为正常血流,放置支架无脱落及移位。结论 PTA及内支架置放术治疗因锁骨下动脉起始段狭窄引起的SSS是一种创伤小、疗效满意、安全可行的微创治疗方法。     

锁骨下动脉窃血综合征的腔内治疗

目的:探讨锁骨下动脉窃血综合征的腔内治疗效果。方法:回顾性分析10年间86例行血管腔内治疗的锁骨下动脉窃血综合征患者临床资料,其中锁骨下动脉闭塞11例,狭窄75例,狭窄程度均>70%。结果:86例患者均成功释放支架,无并发症发生。支架置入术后即刻造影显示:锁骨下动脉狭窄或闭塞段血流通畅,椎动脉血流正向。术后患侧肱动脉即刻恢复搏动,与健侧压差<10 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)。72例患者获随访,平均随访24个月。2例死于恶性肿瘤,4例死于心肌梗死。其余随访患者椎-基底动脉缺血及上肢缺血症状均明显改善或消失。复查超声提示:支架无脱落及移位,血流通畅。结论:锁骨下动脉窃血综合征的腔内治疗微创、安全、成功率高,近期效果肯定,可作为首选治疗方法。     

血管腔内技术治疗锁骨下动脉窃血综合征35例

锁骨下动脉起始段狭窄或闭塞,致使位于其远端的椎动脉血流逆转,进而引起患侧上肢缺血和/或椎-基底动脉系统的脑供血不足,称为＂锁骨下动脉窃血综合征（subclavian steal syndrome,SSS）＂[1]。近年来,国内外文献报告经皮腔内血管成形术（percutaneous transluminal angioplasty,PTA）已成为治疗SSS的主要措施。2007年1月-2010年11月,我科经介入治疗SSS35例,现报道如下。     

介入治疗锁骨下动脉窃血综合征

目的探讨锁骨下动脉狭窄或闭塞引起的锁骨下动脉窃血综合征（SSS）的介入治疗效果。方法回顾性分析15例锁骨下动脉狭窄（10例）或闭塞（5例）的患者资料。采用经股动脉顺行穿刺或经肱动脉逆行穿刺方式开通,行球囊扩张及支架植入术。术后观察患者体征及并发症。结果技术成功率为100%（15/15）,术后患者症状、体征消失,双上肢收缩压差由术前的（47.00±19.30）mmHg下降至（5.33±2.32）mmHg,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。术后造影示椎动脉血流转为正向血流。随访1～4年,未发现再狭窄。结论介入治疗锁骨下动脉狭窄或闭塞性病变引起的SSS安全、有效。     

锁骨下动脉窃血综合征(综述)

锁骨下动脉窃血综合征为一较少见的临床现象。近年来随着血管造影、Doppler超声的进展使得对本病的血液动力学变化有了更深一步的认识。动脉腔内气囊成形(PTA)技术的出现为治疗提供了新的方法。本文就锁骨下动脉窃血综合征症的血液动力学、临床表现及其诊断治疗作一综述。     

锁骨下动脉窃血综合征的再认识及血管内治疗

目的 研究评价经皮血管内成形及支架置入术治疗锁骨下动脉窃血综合征(SSS)的疗效和安全性.方法 对2007年1月至2009年12月的32例左侧SSS患者进行介入治疗,术前行数字减影血管造影(DSA)检查和评估、抗血小板药物准备,然后实施球囊扩张+支架置入术,同时注意术中抗凝及术后处理,分别于术后即刻、3、6个月随访复查经颅多普勒超声(TCD)评价其疗效.结果 32例患者术前DSA检查结果显示锁骨下动脉狭窄平均为87.5%,术后降为15.0%,术后TCD检查结果显示椎动脉反向血流消失,放置的支架均无回缩和移位.术前患、健侧收缩压差平均为51.6 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),术后3个月时降为10 mmHg,无栓塞及死亡事件发生.结论 球囊扩张+支架置入术是治疗SSS的首选治疗手段,术后抗凝和抗血小板至关重要,TCD随访简易、安全、有效、可靠.     

锁骨下动脉瘤并发锁骨下动脉窃血综合征一例

患者女，32岁。1年前无明显诱因出现头痛、头晕等症状，头痛以头顶胀痛为主。无心血管病史，颈部血管彩色Dopplar显示：右侧锁骨下动脉走行异常伴瘤样扩张，右侧椎动脉开口处受压，因同时伴有桡动脉脉搏细弱，手部无力而收入我科诊治。入院检查：右锁骨近端上方可闻及血管杂音，右桡动脉搏动减弱，患侧上肢血压为90／40mmHg，健侧为120／80mmHg。血管造影显示：右锁骨下动脉瘤，右侧椎动脉狭窄。诊断：右锁骨下动脉瘤合并锁骨下动脉窃血综合征。     

腋- 腋动脉旁路移植术治疗锁骨下窃血综合征的临床疗效

目的:观察腋-腋动脉人工血管旁路移植术治疗锁骨下窃血综合征的临床效果及椎动脉血流的改善情况.方法:回顾性分析7年间64例采取腋-腋动脉人工血管旁路移植术治疗动脉硬化性锁骨下动脉窃血患者的临床资料.结果:手术成功率100％,全组无围手术期死亡.5例出现伤口血肿,8例术后出现神经受累症状,未出现伤口或人工血管感染病例.获随访的55例患者中,49例症状改善,其中术前椎动脉窃血为4级的患者有94.87％ (37/39)血流改善;3级患者中,62.50％ (5/8)血流改善;2例术前为2级的患者,未见血流改善.2例术后症状无改善,4例术后3～25个月再次出现头晕及患肢麻木,该6例患者中,5例血流改善.术后患者双上肢血压差平均恢复为10.22 mmHg,4例人工血管血栓形成,4例新发脑梗死.结论:对于锁骨下动脉窃血的患者,腋-腋动脉人工血管旁路移植术是安全有效的,该术式可以有效改善椎动脉的血流,但椎动脉的血流改善与症状并不完全平行.     

锁骨下动脉闭塞的血管腔内治疗

目的：探讨经皮血管内成形术(PTA)和血管内支架置放术治疗锁骨下动脉起始段闭塞的疗效。方法：应用经皮血管内成形术(PTA)和血管内支架安置术治疗5例锁骨下动脉起始段闭塞的病人。结果：5例手术均获成功。术后患肢动脉搏动恢复正常，多普勒测压双上肢血压压差由术前平均54mmHg降至术后9．6mmHg．术后随访1～3月；彩超提示支架无脱落及移位，病变部位血流通畅，椎动脉恢复为正常人颅血流。结论：PTA和血管内支架安置术是治疗锁骨下动脉起始段闭塞的一种微创、安全可行和疗效满意的方法。     

锁骨下动脉窃血综合征（综述）

锁骨下动脉窃血综合征为一较少见的临床现象。近年来随着血管造影，Ｄｏｐｐｌｅｒ超声的进展使得对本病的血液动力不变化有了更深一步的认识。动脉腔内气囊成形（ＰＴＡ）技术的出现为提供了新的方法。本文就锁骨下动脉窃血综合征症的的血液动力学，临床表现及其诊断治疗作一综述。     

256层螺旋CTA在左锁骨下动脉窃血综合征患者术前评估的价值

目的应用256层CTA技术观测左锁骨下动脉解剖特点,评价CTA对锁骨下动脉窃血综合征(SSS)介入治疗术前评估的应用价值。方法回顾性分析60例经临床确诊的SSS患者(疾病组)及500例无SSS受检者(对照组)左锁骨下动脉CTA资料,测量受检者左锁骨下动脉自主动脉弓的起始角度;评价疾病组左锁骨下动脉斑块的特点、管腔狭窄及闭塞情况。结果所有受检者左锁骨下动脉自主动脉弓的起始角度为:71.98°±8.26°,疾病组左锁骨下动脉起始角度71.98°的比例明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。疾病组左锁骨下动脉管腔闭塞11例(18.33%),闭塞范围为9~24mm;中度狭窄7例(11.67%),重度狭窄42例(70.00%),狭窄长度8~31mm;偏心性斑块33例,环形斑块16例。以DSA为金标准,CTA诊断左锁骨下动脉狭窄、闭塞的敏感度为96.77%,特异度为100%,诊断符合率为96.97%。结论 256层CTA可准确测量左锁骨下动脉的各项解剖数值;对左SSS术前评估具有重要的应用价值。     

Subclavian steal syndrome in a congenitaly anomalous subclavian artery: a case report

The case of a 50 year-old man with a subclavian steal syndrome caused by an occlusive lesion of an aberrant right subclavian artery is presented. There was no dysphagia lusoria. The right subclavian artery was anastomosed to the right common carotid artery. At follow-up, 18 months later, the patient is symptom free and the right subclavian artery is patent.     

Anaesthesia and the subclavian steal syndrome

Anaesthesia in two patients with subclavian steal syndrome is described. Both patients showed an interesting response to hyperventilation. The mechanism of this response and its implications for the anaesthetist are discussed.     

Two cases of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) for the treatment of subclavian steal syndrome

Recently percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) has been used to treat atherosclerotic lesion of the brachiocephalic arteries. We treated two patients with subclavian steal syndrome successfully by PTA. The first patient was a 52-year-old man complaining of vertigo and ischemic symptoms of the left arm. Blood pressure was 110/90 mmHg in the left arm and 140/92 mmHg in the right. On the angiogram, about 80% stenosis was found in the proximal portion of the left subclavian artery, and retrograde filling of the left vertebral artery was observed. At first, a carotid-subclavian bypass surgery was performed, but unfortunately failed because of obstruction of the artificial arterial graft. Then we performed PTA using Grüntzig balloon dilatation catheter. The dilatation was carried out successfully. Immediately after PTA, to-and-fro and antegrade flow of the vertebral artery was observed, and one month later it became normal flow. Neurological symptoms gradually disappeared within two months. The second patient was a 57-year-old man suffering from vertigo on effort and TIA. Blood pressure was 130/78 mmHg in the left arm, and 152/82 mmHg in the right. Angiogram showed more than 95% stenosis of the left subclavian artery, and retrograde filling of the left vertebral artery. We also observed bilateral severe stenosis of the MCA. Carotid-subclavian bypass was dangerous because of the low perfusion of the ipsilateral MCA area. PTA was performed as the first choice, and the dilatation of the stenosis was sufficient. In two months natural antegrade filling of the left vertebral artery was obtained. We followed these patients for 12 months and no restenosis was observed neurologically and radiologically. We performed PTA with the Grüntzig balloon catheter using the Seldinger's method through the right femoral artery. Diameter of the balloon was 6 mm and its length was 4 cm. After setting the balloon to the stenotic lesion, we inflated the balloon with 5atm (75 psi) pressure for 30 minutes. Monitoring the blood pressure and arterial pressure wave at the tip of the catheter, we repeated inflation of the balloon 4 times. We used continuous venous infusion of low molecular dextran and heparin during PTA procedures. No complication occurred and neurological symptoms disappeared gradually. PTA is a safe and effective method, so it should be the first choice in the treatment of subclavian steal syndrome caused by severe stenosis of the subclavian artery.