云南省一起群体旋毛虫感染调查报告

2008年4月云南省西双版纳州突发了一起群体性旋毛虫感染事件,共有26人患旋毛虫病,ELISA查旋毛虫抗体,24人阳性,患者均有进食生野猪肉史。患者口服阿苯哒唑驱虫,20～30mg/（kg·d）,7d后病例均痊愈。加强对农户的卫生宣教和自宰生猪的管理,提倡健康饮食习惯是杜绝此类公共卫生事件发生的重要措施。     

湖北省人群旋毛虫感染情况调查

为了解我省人体旋毛虫病流行特征、危害情况，以酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）对全省５个片区的２１个县、市４７１９人进行血清流行病学调查，结果抗体阳性率为１２．２％，主要流行区为鄂西北、鄂东北地区。提示目前我省人体旋毛虫病流行仍然十分严重，制定相应的防治措施应提到议事日程上来     

云南大理小兽旋毛虫感染及宿主种类调查

目的 调查云南大理小兽旋毛虫感染及感染小兽种类，为当地旋毛虫病的防治提供资料。方法 在室内和野外生境诱捕小兽，鉴定小兽种类，采用病原学和血清学方法检查小兽旋毛虫感染情况。结果 共捕获3目6科13属24种小兽，其中黄胸鼠、褐家鼠、斯氏家鼠、白腹鼠、卡氏小鼠、齐氏姬鼠、青毛鼠和中缅树鼩血清旋毛虫特异性抗体阳性率为22．03％(63／286)；褐家鼠、齐氏姬鼠、白尾鼹和中缅树鼩体内查到旋毛虫幼虫或成虫。结论 云南大理地区一些家、野栖小兽可感染旋毛虫，为人类旋毛虫感染的潜在传染源。     

旋毛虫感染致Loffler心内膜炎1例

1病例简介患者,男性,39岁,因“反复心悸、胸闷、气短伴浮肿半年,加重1个月”入院。患者于6年前在四川工作时无诱因出现阵发性咳嗽,多发生于凌晨3～4时,晨起后消失。后因受凉上症加重经普通抗炎无效,曾化验血常规示:嗜酸细胞计数12.41×109/L,骨髓涂片示嗜酸粒细胞占30%。当时考     

云南大理小兽旋毛虫感染及宿主种类调查

目的调查云南大理小兽旋毛虫感染及感染小兽种类,为当地旋毛虫病的防治提供资料。方法在室内和野外生境诱捕小兽,鉴定小兽种类,采用病原学和血清学方法检查小兽旋毛虫感染情况。结果共捕获3目6科13属24种小兽,其中黄胸鼠、褐家鼠、斯氏家鼠、白腹鼠、卡氏小鼠、齐氏姬鼠、青毛鼠和中缅树鼩血清旋毛虫特异性抗体阳性率为22.03%(63/286);褐家鼠、齐氏姬鼠、白尾鼹和中缅树鼩体内查到旋毛虫幼虫或成虫。结论云南大理地区一些家、野栖小兽可感染旋毛虫,为人类旋毛虫感染的潜在传染源。     

云南省傣族地区部分人群旋毛虫感染调查

目的了解现阶段傣族地区旋毛虫病的流行和危害程度。方法对分层整群随机抽样调查的居民，使用统一表格问卷调查，并检查个案的旋毛虫感染情况，计算机录入资料建立数据库。结果对2009名傣族地区居民旋毛虫感染的调查结果显示，人群旋毛虫抗体阳性率16．72％，男、女组的旋毛虫抗体阳性率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），均以青壮年人群阳性率高，生食猪肉、不卫生使用砧板等习惯与旋毛虫感染有关。结论云南傣族人口聚居地区旋毛虫感染较重与生食猪肉、使用砧板生、熟不分等习惯有关。     

鼠类动物与人类旋毛虫感染关系的研究

目的 初步探讨鼠类动物与人类旋毛虫感染的关系。方法在室内和野外生境捕获鼠类动物，鉴定种类，肌肉压片检查旋毛虫幼虫，ELISA测定血清旋毛虫特异性抗体。结果1.02％的鼠类动物查到旋毛虫幼虫，旋毛虫血清抗体阳性率为20.30％。其中家栖和野栖鼠类旋毛虫病原检查感染率与血清抗体阳性率分别是1．85％和24．49％，0和8.57％，差异均无显著性（P均〈0.01〉。结论旋毛虫病流行区鼠类动物旋毛虫感染率较高，家栖鼠类旋毛虫感染率高于野栖鼠，与人类及家养动物感染相关。     

以旋毛虫成虫感染小鼠的研究

本文以旋毛虫成虫为感染期感染小鼠获得成功。用２００条旋毛虫成虫经口感染小鼠，在鼠的肠内发现成虫，肌肉内发现幼虫。因此，可以认为在旋毛虫生活史过程中，旋毛虫成虫亦能起感染期作用感染宿主。     

人群及猪旋毛虫病血清流行病学调查

目的 了解流行区和非流行区人群和(或)猪旋毛虫病血清的流行情况,为流行区制定旋毛虫病防治策略及措施提供依据.方法 从流行区云南洱源和勐海县抽取6个行政村,从非流行区上海市和吉林省延吉市各选1个居民小组,对人群和(或)猪旋毛虫病进行血清流行学调查,采用ELISA法检测人群、猪血清IgG抗体,压片镜检猪肌肉.对被采血人员进...     

Studies on the responsiveness of spleen cells to various polyclonal T and B cell activators during Trichinella spiralis infection

Summary Spleen cells from mice infected with Trichinella spiralis 1, 2, 3 and 8 weeks before the assay, were stimulated with various polyclonal T and B cell activators. It was observed that T. spiralis infection was accompanied by increased spontaneous DNA synthesis which probably reflects lymphocyte activation in vivo . The infection also caused a depressed T cell reactivity during the intestinal stage (1 week after infection) and enhanced DxS response during the late muscular stage (8 weeks after infection). The depression of T cell reactivity seems to reflect qualitative rather than quantitive changes, presumably associated with the regulation of the host's specific immune response to the parasitic antigen. The increased response to DxS may partially be associated with increased macrophage activity. Attempts to evaluate the effects of infection on the reactivity of the cells to PHA and Con A during the migration stage and onwards, to PPD and LPS during the whole observation period and to DxS before the late muscular stage gave conflicting results.     

Cellular reactions in tongue and gut in murine trichinellosis and their thymus-dependence

Summary Histological changes in gut, tongue and three lymphoid tissues (spleen, mesenteric and mandibular lymph nodes) which occurred after oral infection of both thymus-bearing and congenitally athymic mice with the nematode Trichinella spiralis were studied by light microscopy for 42 days. The basophilic transformation and the enzyme cytochemical changes of tongue muscle fibers in connection with the larval encystation occurred in both groups of animals and was thus thymus-independent. A cellular inflammatory reaction including eosinophils, mononuclear cells and mast cells in the parasitized tongue occurred in both groups, albeit to a lesser extent in the athymic animals. The kinetics of this cellular response were the same in both groups. Eosinophilia in the gut was observed in thymus-bearing mice only during the early phase of infection and in athymic mice in the latter part of the observation period, suggesting a partial thymus-independence of the phenomenon. Typical immunohistological changes in the lymphoid tissues and antibody production occurred only in the thymus-bearing animals. The cellular reactions in the parasitized gut and tongue can only partially be explained by a delayed hypersensitivity aetiology.     

旋毛虫肌幼虫寄生时间对其感染力的影响

目的研究旋毛虫肌幼虫寄生时间对其感染力的影响。方法人工消化收集旋毛虫幼虫,35只昆明小鼠每只口饲30条幼虫。感染鼠随机分为6组,分笼喂养,分别于感染后至1、2、4、6、8、10个月,用同样方法收集幼虫;另取10只健康小鼠,每只口饲30条幼虫。感染鼠于2个月后全部断颈处死,取胴体称重,取膈肌镜检,消化收集小鼠体内全部旋毛虫幼虫,计算生殖力指数(RCI)、每克组织肌幼虫数(LPG)。结果感染后2个月,5只小鼠RCI和LPG分别为108.17和181.59,134.17和189.86,114.17和181.12,121.80和198.05,146.13和186.32。感染后4、6、8个月,旋毛虫RCI和LPG逐渐降低。各组小鼠RCI和LPG差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论旋毛虫感染力随寄生时间变化,感染后2个月达高峰,之后随寄生时间的延长,感染力逐渐下降。     

鼠类动物与人类旋毛虫感染关系的研究

目的初步探讨鼠类动物与人类旋毛虫感染的关系。方法在室内和野外生境捕获鼠类动物,鉴定种类,肌肉压片检查旋毛虫幼虫,ELISA测定血清旋毛虫特异性抗体。结果1.02%的鼠类动物查到旋毛虫幼虫,旋毛虫血清抗体阳性率为20.30%。其中家栖和野栖鼠类旋毛虫病原检查感染率与血清抗体阳性率分别是1.85%和24.49%,0和8.57%,差异均无显著性(P均<0.01〉。结论旋毛虫病流行区鼠类动物旋毛虫感染率较高,家栖鼠类旋毛虫感染率高于野栖鼠,与人类及家养动物感染相关。     

环介导等温扩增技术及其在食源性吸虫感染检测中的应用

随着人们生活水平的提高,土源性寄生虫病的感染率和发病率日趋下降,与之相反,食源性寄生虫病更加引人关注,而食源性吸虫病是其中的重要组成。据WHO统计,目前已知能感染人体的食源性吸虫有100多种,感染者超过4000万人,还有10%的人口面临感染食源性吸虫的风险。目前对于腔道内寄生的食源性吸虫通常采用病原学诊断方法,但对于深部组织内寄生的食源性吸虫则缺乏有效的诊断方法。环介导等温扩增(LAMP)技术是新近发展起来的一种方法,它具有简便快速、灵敏特异、经济实用、且易于普及等优点,有替代传统PCR之势。但国内对LAMP法的了解和应用不多,基于其在食源性吸虫感染方面的诊断价值,本文予以介绍,以供借鉴。     

Modulation of host response by Trichinella pseudospiralis

Measurement of myeloperoxidase activity in the muscles of mice infected with Trichinella pseudospiralis, T. spiralis or both helminths allowed quantitation of host inflammatory response to the parasite. Infection of the host with T. pseudospiralis alone was accompanied by less inflammation in host diaphragm muscle than was the case in hosts infected with T. spiralis alone. A dramatic reduction in inflammation around s.c. implanted cotton string was observed in mice infected with T. pseudospiralis alone below that seen in uninfected mice. Concurrent infection of the host with T. spiralis and T. pseudospiralis resulted in a lowering of myositis below that seen in the diaphragm muscles of mice infected with T. spiralis alone.