低分子肝素治疗不稳定型心绞痛58例疗效分析

急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)是在冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块破裂基础上形成血栓及血管痉挛,导致冠状动脉管腔部分阻塞或完全阻塞的急性心肌缺血性疾病。ACS分为ST段抬高的ACS和ST段不抬高的ACS两类,前者即急性心肌梗死(AMI),后者则包括ST段不抬高的心肌梗死和不稳定型心绞痛(UAP)。UAP是介于稳定型心绞痛与AMI之间的一种急症,及时、正确的干预不仅可阻止UAP发展为AMI,并有可能使UAP逆转为稳定型心绞痛。本研究对我院近年来治疗     

急性冠状动脉综合征的治疗

急性冠状动脉综合征 (ACS)是心血管病患者发生心脏事件的主要原因。临床上 ,无ST段抬高ACS是指不稳定型心绞痛和非Q波心肌梗死。其发病率明显高于Q波心肌梗死 ,且两者的近期预后 (心脏事件发生率 )基本相似。由于无ST段抬高ACS的发病机制、危险分层和治疗策略具有其独特性 ,因此本文仅对本征的研究进展作阐述。一般认为 ,对所有无ST段抬高ACS患者均应在抗心肌缺血的同时 ,还须行抗血小板 (阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和GPIIb IIIa受体阻滞剂 )、抗凝 (低分子肝素 )治疗 ,对某些高危患者 ,择时介入性诊治 (冠状动脉造影或支架术 )常具有明…     

急性冠脉综合症的急救护理

急性冠脉综合征（ACS）是一组冠状动脉粥样硬化斑快破裂、血栓形成、或血管痉挛而致急性或亚急性心肌缺血的临床综合征。包括ST段抬高的急性心肌梗死和非ST段抬高心肌梗死与不稳定性心绞痛（uap）。Acs约占冠心病人的30%~40%,是心源性死亡的主要原因。     

冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块稳定性研究进展

冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块(CAS)的成分决定了冠心病的临床表现。在冠状动脉粥样硬化病变的基础上,斑块发生破裂、表面血栓形成,导致病变远端血管完全性或者非完全性闭塞,临床表现为急性冠脉综合征(ACS)。ACS分为不稳定型心绞痛、非ST段抬高型心肌梗死和ST段抬高型心肌梗死。斑块的稳定性与病人的预后直接相关,因此加强CAS稳定性的研究具有重要的     

急性冠状动脉综合征的现代治疗

急性冠状动脉综合征（Acrte coronary syndrome,ACS）是由于不稳定斑块的破裂,引起冠状动脉内血栓形成所致心肌缺血的一组进展性疾病谱。因为ACS发病急、病情变化快、病死率高,但可救治,所以ACS已成为当今心血管研究领域的热点之一。ACS可分为ST段持续抬高及无ST段抬高两类,前者大部分发展为ST段抬高的急性心肌梗死（ST-elevation myocardhal infarction,STEMI）,     

血浆NT—proBNP和hs—CRP水平与急性冠脉综合征关系研究进展

急性冠脉综合征（acute coronary syndrome,ACS）是一组由急性心肌缺血引起的临床综合征。包括ST段抬高型心肌梗死（ST—segment elevation myocardial infarction,STEMI）、非ST段抬高型心肌梗死（non—ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction,NSTEMI）和不稳定型心绞痛（unstable angina pectoris,UAP）。近来已经肯定炎症反应、脂质代谢、斑块动力学、血小板和凝血系统是相互联系、相互作用的反馈通路,在ACS的发生、发展中起着重要作用,其中冠状动脉粥样硬化性斑块破裂所触发的血小板和凝血酶激活、血栓形成是ACS主要的发病机制。冠脉病变不     

血清基质金属蛋白酶-9、高敏CRP水平在急性冠脉综合征患者中的变化及临床意义

急性冠脉综合征（ACS）是包括不稳定性心绞痛、非ST段抬高或ST段抬高的急性心肌梗死、心源性猝死在内的一组急性冠脉事件。目前认为由于不稳定斑块破裂、继发血栓形成导致冠脉管腔闭塞所致。冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块的不稳定性是临床发生ACS的重要病理基础。炎性因子如：高敏CRP（hs—CRP）、基质金属蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）可作为反映斑块稳定性的炎性介质。本研究测定ACS患者血清MMP-9、hs—CRP水平．用于探讨其在ACS发病中的临床意义。     

急性冠脉综合征

人们在对急性心肌梗死 (AMI)病理生理了解取得进展的基础上 ,重新认识了AMI的表现形式 ,提出了急性冠状动脉综合征 (acutecoronarysyn drome ,ACS)的概念。急性冠状动脉综合征包括 :不稳定性心绞痛 (UA)、无Q波心肌梗死 (NQMI)、有Q波心肌梗死 (QMI)、冠心病猝死[1,2 ] ,其心肌缺血程度呈逐渐加重趋势[3,4 ] 。1　分　类急性冠状动脉综合征初始心电图改变分为ST段抬高和非ST段抬高两类 ;ST段抬高者诊断急性心肌梗死的特异性是 91 % ,敏感性为 4 6 % ,所以大多数ST段抬高者将演变为Q波心肌梗死。这些病人需要再灌注治疗、药物治…     

小剂量尿激酶与低分子肝素钠联合治疗非ST段抬高心肌梗死疗效和安全性观察

非ST段抬高心肌梗死和不稳定型心绞痛合称非ST段抬高的急性冠状动脉综合征 (Acutecoronarysyndrome ,ACS) ,虽然其住院期病死率较ST段抬高心肌梗死低 ,但再梗死率、心绞痛再发生率和远期病死率较高 ,是一种潜在危险性很大的疾病。如何采取有效的治疗措施 ,对降低心肌再梗死的发     

评估非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征预后的生物标志物研究进展

急性冠脉综合征(acute coronary syndrome,ACS)的病理基础是冠脉内动脉粥样硬化斑块破裂,急性血栓形成,从而造成心肌缺血或心肌梗死,包括ST段抬高型心肌梗死(ST segment elevation acute myocardial infarction,STEAMID、非ST段抬高型心肌梗死(non-STsgment elevation acute myocardial infarction,NSTEAMID、不稳定型心绞痛(unstable angia,UA).NSTEAMI和UA统称非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征(non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome,NSTEACS),其发病是血栓不完全堵塞血管所致.NSTEACS患者再发心血管事件(包括死亡或心肌缺血事件)的概率在不同患者中差别很大,因此,对其再发心血管事件的风险做出快速准确的预测,为患者提供更科学有效的治疗策略具有重要的临床意义[1-2].     

补体受体1型的结构功能及sCR1基因克隆表达的策略

补体受体1型（Complement receptor type 1,CR1）具有外源性及内源性活性,既可灭活组装于非自身细胞膜上的C3/C5转化酶,也可灭活自身细胞膜上形成的C3/C5转化酶。CR1是唯一既对经典,替代及植物凝集素（MBL）3个补体激活途径的,对C3/C5转化酶拥有衰变加速活性,又有辅助1因子裂解C3b和C4b作用的补体调节蛋白。对补体分子的过度活化具有抑制和调节作用,在防治补体介导的缺血再灌注损伤以及异种器官移植超急性排斥反应等疾病具有广阔的应用前景。本文主要综述CR1的结构功能及生物学活性,sCR1基因的克隆与表达及在创伤、缺血再灌注损伤中的应用研究现状。     

Possibilities and limitations of radiology--CT and MRT in cases of tumors of the uterus and ovary

The author describes the present possibilities of computed tomography (CT) and of magnetic resonance (MR) tomography. MR is superior to CT in the visualisation of carcinomas of the cervix and endometrium, especially in the initial stages, whereas in the diagnosis of the spread of tumours (especially the advanced ones) CT yields results similar to those of MR. In carcinoma of the ovary, however, MR has so far not proved to be definitely superior to CT despite the multiplanar visualisation possibilities it offers. It is in fact inferior to CT especially in clarifying the extent of extrapelvic spread. In posttherapeutic diagnostics MR explores new avenues in respect of delineation between scar and recurrence, as initial investigations have shown.     

Science and medicine of canoeing and kayaking

Canoeing and kayaking are upper-body sports that make varying demands on the body, depending on the type of contest and the distance covered. The shorter events (500 m) are primarily anaerobic (2 minutes of exercise), calling for powerful shoulder muscles with a high proportion of fast-twitch fibres. In contrast, 10,000 m events call for aerobic work to be performed by the arms. Such contestants need a high proportion of slow-twitch fibres, and an ability to develop close to 100% of their leg maximum oxygen intake when paddling. In slalom and whitewater contests, the value of physiological testing is somewhat limited, since performance is strongly influenced by experience and the ability to make precisely judged rapid paddling efforts under considerable emotional stress. Paddlers face dangers from their hostile cold water environment; causes of fatalities (drowning, cardiac arrest, ventricular fibrillation and hypothermia) are briefly reviewed. Medical problems include provision of adequate nutrition and a clean water supply, effects of repeated immersion (softening of the skin, blistering, paronychial infections, sinusitis, otitis), varicose veins (secondary to thoracic fixation) and hazards of exposure to fibreglass and polystyrene in the home workshop. Surgical problems include muscle sprains and mechanical injuries (haemotomas, lacerations, contusions, concussion, and fractures).     

Accuracy of digital and film panoramic radiographs for assessment of position and morphology of mandibular third molars and prevalence of dental anomalies and pathologies

OBJECTIVES: To compare the accuracy of digital and film panoramic radiographs for determining (1) the position and morphology of mandibular third molars before surgical removal and (2) the prevalence of dental anomalies and pathologies. METHODS: Three hundred and eighty-eight third mandibular molars were available for examination. Position and morphology of third molars observed on film radiographs and on digital panoramic images from five systems (DenOptix, DigiDent, Digora, Dimax2 and Orthophos Plus) were recorded by two observers and were compared with surgeons' findings at the time of the operation (gold standard). One observer further recorded the prevalence of dental anomalies and pathologies on both imaging modalities. RESULTS: Few differences were found between the digital and film-based panoramic systems in the assessment of accuracy of position and morphology of mandibular third molars. The prevalence of dental anomalies and pathologies determined with the two modalities was roughly similar. CONCLUSION: The five digital panoramic systems evaluated in this study were equally as useful for third molar treatment planning and diagnosis of dental anomalies and pathologies as conventional film-based panoramic radiographs.     

闭合性喉气管断裂伤的诊断与治疗

目的 提高对闭合性喉气管断裂伤的诊治水平.方法 报告38例闭合性喉气管断裂伤病例的临床资料,其中急性外伤16例,陈旧性外伤22例.对临床易发生的问题进行分析.结果 38例中16例急性喉外伤在24～48小时之间行手术治疗,22例陈旧性喉外伤因其它原因在32～129天后行手术治疗.35例手术成功拔管,3例因喉气管狭窄手术失败不能拔管,均为陈旧期手术患者.结论 对于急性闭合性喉气管断裂伤应根据其病情轻重程度进行早期处理,尽快恢复喉和气管通气功能,预防后遗症及并发症的发生,提高治愈率.     

快餐消费者的消费行为心理及对营养的认知调查

 目的 调查分析快餐消费者对快餐的营养认知、消费行为和消费心理情况,引导消费者正确处理快餐与日常正餐的关系。方法 采用随机抽样的方法,选择北京地区中、西式快餐各3个品牌,每个品牌选择4家分店,采用入店访问式现场调查方法,数据处理采用频数分析法。结果 共调查1722名,问卷合格率98.6%,选择中西式快餐的人群多为20～39岁者(68%),大多数消费者因为“口味喜欢”(66.4%)而选择快餐,且优选“优惠套餐”(48.2%),为了“省事方便”(64.3%)。消费快餐的频率多数是每月就餐1～2次(35.1%),多数优选“西式快餐店的中式食品”(60.3%),对中西式快餐店中的健康宣传语 “偶尔看看”(55.9%),但多数认为起到了“警示和营养宣教的作用”(64.1%)。大多数消费者认为,媒体对西式快餐的报道未影响他们对西式快餐的正常消费(44.9%);但中式快餐的负面报道却影响了消费者的正常消费(43.9%),理由多数是“影响健康”(37.9%)。快餐消费人群中体型正常者居多,但40岁以上者超重百分比大于20～39岁者。结论 中西式快餐消费人群为20～39岁者,消费频率不高,多数因为“口味喜欢”而选择中式或西式快餐,基本不存在对中式或西式快餐食品安全误解的问题,对快餐店的营养健康宣传语持赞同态度,但如何处理快餐与正常餐的搭配问题,存在误区。