肝脏微环境中各种细胞对肝星状细胞活化的影响

肝纤维化是以肝脏细胞外基质过度沉积或疤痕组织过度增生为特点的动态病理过程。肝星状细胞(HSC)的活化被普遍认为是形成肝纤维化的中心环节。HSC的活化受到肝脏微环境中各种复杂因素的调控,包括理化刺激和细胞间交互作用等。肝脏内固有细胞及免疫细胞与HSC共同构建了一个复杂的调控系统,调控HSC的活化过程及其转归。主要介绍了肝脏微环境中各种细胞对HSC活化的调控作用,旨在为新型的抗纤维化诊疗手段的研究拓展思路。     

HBV介导的肝星状细胞和天然免疫细胞的相互作用

肝脏非实质细胞在HBV相关的肝脏疾病中发挥着至关重要的作用,而肝星状细胞(HSC)的激活以及与肝内细胞之间的相互作用是导致肝纤维化的主要原因。主要介绍了HBV诱导的肝脏炎症以及天然免疫细胞与HSC的相互作用,简述了HBV作用下单核/巨噬细胞和自然杀伤细胞(NK细胞)对HSC的激活和杀伤作用以及HSC的肝脏免疫调节作用。     

肝星状细胞与肝纤维化研究进展

肝星状细胞(HSC)是肝脏的一种非实质细胞,HSC活化导致细胞外基质(ECM)的增加是肝纤维化形成并最终导致肝硬化、肝功能衰竭的主要原因.因此,加强对HSC激活与凋亡调控机制的研究,有助于我们对肝纤维化发生的本质的认识,从而能更有效地防治肝纤维化.     

HSC凋亡与肝纤维化逆转的研究进展

肝星状细胞(HSC)在肝纤维化形成中起核心作用,其凋亡是肝纤维化逆转的主要机制之一.深入研究HSC凋亡的调控机理及HSC凋亡在肝纤维化逆转中的作用,对肝纤维化的防治具有重要意义.     

sp600125对乙醛刺激的HSC-T6细胞株的影响

肝星状细胞(HSC)的增殖与凋亡在肝纤维化的形成缮中起作十分重要的作用.乙醛刺激的HSC增殖是导致酒精性肝纤维化发生的关键因素 [1-2].丝裂原激活蛋白激酶(MAPK)包括细胞外调节蛋白激酶、c-Jun氨基末端激酶和p38,是HSC激活、增殖并导致肝纤维化发生的主要信号传导通路之一,其中,JNK信号传导通路参与了细胞增殖、分化以及凋亡的调控.我们既往对肝纤维化发病机制的研究结果证实,乙醛刺激的HSC中,p-JNK水平随JNK信号传导通路特异阻断剂sp600 125浓度增加而减少[3].     

肝星状细胞活化与细胞周期调控

肝星状细胞活化是肝纤维化形成的中心环节,目前尚未能完全阐明其复杂机制,近年研究发现该过程与细胞周期调控紊乱有密切关系。现对近年来 HSC活化和肝纤维化时 HSC细胞周期调控研究作一综述。     

肝星状细胞活化与细胞周期调控

肝星状细胞活化是肝纤维化形成的中心环节，目前尚未能完全阐明其复杂机制，近年研究发现该过程与细胞周期调控紊乱有密切关系。现对近年来HSC活化和肝纤维化时HSC细胞周期调控研究作一综述。     

转化生长因子β1刺激肝星状细胞中纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂1表达

肝星状细胞(HSC)的激活是肝纤维化发生的中心环节.活化的HSC大量增殖,并合成以胶原为主的细胞外基质(ECM)沉积在肝内.转化生长因子(TGF)β是激活HSC并促进其增殖的最重要细胞因子之一,可促进ECM产生,导致并加速肝纤维化的发生和发展.本实验拟通过免疫细胞化学法检测纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂(PAI)1在HSC中的定位,逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)及免疫细胞化学法等研究TGF β1促进PAI 1 mRNA和蛋白质的表达,探讨PAI 1在肝纤维化发生和发展中的作用.     

肝纤维化的发病机制及治疗进展

肝纤维化是肝脏内细胞外基质(Extracellular Matrix,ECM)弥漫性过度沉积性疾病,无假小叶形成,其发生机制主要是肝内ECM合成与降解失衡,表现为ECM大量沉积。肝纤维化是慢性肝病发展为肝硬化的中间环节,肝星状细胞(Hepatic Stellate Cell,HSC)在此过程中起关键性作用。HSC激活并转化为肌成纤维样细胞(Myofibroblastic-like cell,MFLC)和成纤维细胞fibroblastic cell,FC),是肝纤维化发生、发展的核心环节,肝损伤是引发肝纤维化的始动环节。肝细胞和其他肝非实质细胞旁分泌释放一些细胞因子激活HSC,活化的HSC增生,合成细胞外基质;同时表达部分细胞因子(自分泌),共同参与调控过程。与基质降解有关的金属蛋白酶(Matrix metalloproteinase,MMPS)、金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子(tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases,TIMPS)、α_2-巨球蛋白也相应发生变化,最后导致ECM过度沉积,形成纤维化。     

肝星状细胞通过TGFβ1-PI3K/AKT信号通路影响肝硬化-肝细胞癌癌前病变的研究进展

肝硬化-肝细胞癌癌前病变的恶性转变导致肝癌的形成。肝星状细胞(HSC)通过TGFβ1-PI3K/AKT信号通路影响肝细胞癌癌前病变细胞产生、肝纤维化微环境的形成以及两者相互作用。了解肝硬化-肝细胞癌癌前病变的恶变机制与HSC和TGFβ1-PI3K/AKT信号通路的关系,将有助于深入了解肝细胞癌的发生机制。通过调控HSC或干预TGFβ1-PI3K/AKT信号通路可阻止甚至或逆转肝硬化向肝细胞癌的进展,为预防和干预肝细胞癌发生提供新的思路和治疗靶点。     

青少年高血压的研究进展

随着人们生活和行为方式的改变,高血压发病明显呈年轻化趋势。在青少年时期识别高血压病高危人群有助于早期进行有效干预和治疗,降低未来高血压的发生率及其严重性。现试从青少年高血压的诊断、发病因素、特点、治疗策略等方面的研究进展作一综述。     

Morbidity in cardiovascular diseases in immigrants in Sweden

INTRODUCTION: Although immigration to Sweden has increased in the last few decades, the incidence rates of cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease in immigrants are unknown. The aim of the present study is to estimate whether place of birth affects the incidence rates of cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was designed as a follow-up study on morbidity in cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease between 1 January 1997 and 31 December 1998, including three and a half million persons with age range 35-64 years, of whom 550 000 were born abroad, from the database MigMed consisting of the whole Swedish population. Incidence rates and relative risks were estimated by indirect standardization and a proportional hazard model. RESULTS: The age-adjusted risk of coronary heart disease was higher in most foreign-born groups than in Swedes. For example, in nine of 12 male groups, the relative risks varied between 1.1 and 2.2, and in seven of 12 female groups, the relative risks varied between 1.4 and 2.5. When also adjusting for level of education and employment status, the risks were still high, but on a lower level. CONCLUSIONS: Foreign-born people possess an over-risk of cardiovascular or coronary heart disease(CVD/CHD) compared with Swedish-born persons, also when level of education and employment status are taken into account.     

C·肉毒杀鼠素(冻干剂)应用研究

目的为研究C·肉毒杀鼠索对杀灭达乌尔黄鼠(简称黄鼠)的大面积应用情况和对家畜、家禽的毒害作用,进行了C·肉毒杀鼠素的应用研究.方法大面积投毒采用ES-2药饵撒播机[1],间隔约80m进行条投.羊、鸡采用直接灌胃.结果大面积应用的灭鼠率为83.72%.对羊、鸡最高剂量分别为500万MLD、150万MLD,均未出现中毒现象.结论 C·肉毒杀鼠素是较为理想的草原大面积杀灭黄鼠的理想、首选药物.     

Pulmonary sporotrichosis in Oklahoma in susceptibilities in vitro

Six cases of pulmonary sporotichosis were observed in 2 institutions in Oklahoma City, Okla. Three of the patients were treated with iodides with or without surgery. Although one patient required a second course of iodides, the patients have remained well after at least 34 months of follow-up. Three patients treated with amphotericin B, single course as well as multiple courses, and other antifungal agents (hydroxystilbamidine and miconazole) have all relapsed. These cases and a reviewed of more than 40 cases of pulmonary sporotrichosis susceptibilities of Sporothrix schenckii that we observed in vitro suggest that amphotericin B is not an effective agent for the treatment of pulmonary sporotrichosis. It is our opinion that the treatment of choice for pulmonary sporotrichosis is a supersaturated solution of potassium iodide. If the patient is allergic to the medication or fails to respond, then a combination of amphotericin B plus flucytosine may be tried.     

高龄老年高血压的临床研究进展

随着社会老龄化进程的加快,80岁以上高龄老人的绝对数量以及占总人口的比例均在增加,如何提高高龄老年高血压的防治水平备受关注。现试从高龄老年高血压的临床特点、治疗策略等方面的临床研究进展作一综述。