Wee1抑制剂MK-1775对GBC-SD细胞系胆囊癌干细胞样细胞自我更新的影响

目的 研究Wee1抑制剂MK-1775对GBC-SD细胞系胆囊癌干细胞样细胞自我更新的抑制作用.方法 体外培养GBC-SD细胞系,在无血清干细胞培养基中加入MK-1775后培养悬浮肿瘤干细胞球; Westernblot检测Wee1的表达,并分析比较肿瘤干细胞球体积大小和形成率的变化;建立裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型后MK-17751灌胃2 wk, 2 wk后检测分析移植瘤的重量.结果 加入MK-1775培养8 d后, GBC-SD细胞中Wee1表达下调,同时肿瘤干细胞球大小及形成率均受到抑制;经MK-17751处理后,裸鼠皮下移植瘤生长受到抑制.结论 MK-1775具有抑制GBC-SD细胞系胆囊癌干细胞样细胞自我更新的作用.     

无血清悬浮法培养结肠癌HT29细胞系及肿瘤干细胞样亚群筛选

目的:研究无血清培养基悬浮培养人结肠癌细胞系HT29,筛选并鉴定HT29结肠癌细胞系中肿瘤干细胞相关亚群。方法:通过无血清培养基筛选结肠癌细胞系肿瘤干细胞相关亚群。应用克隆形成实验、表面标志检测、双苯酰亚胺(Hoechst)33342染色检测来确定培养细胞中肿瘤干细胞比例及其培养后的肿瘤干细胞含量变化。结果:结肠癌细胞系HT29中约50%的肿瘤细胞在无血清培养基中能够存活、增殖,形成自由飘浮的细胞球。细胞球可连续传代,若重新接种于含血清培养基中可重新贴壁分化,分化后细胞与培养储存的HT29细胞形态无明显差异。流式细胞仪检测表面标志,HT29细胞系中CD44+细胞含量为(44.18±2.18)%,而细胞球中CD44+细胞含量为(83.41±11.21)%;双苯酰亚胺33342染色检测提示HT29中侧群(sidepopulation,SP)细胞含量为(3.82±0.08)%,而细胞球中含量明显增高。结论:结肠癌细胞系HT29可在含生长因子的无血清培养基中悬浮生长,并维持细胞系。该细胞系中含有一定比例的具有增殖和自我更新能力的结肠癌干细胞样细胞亚群。表面标志以及双苯酰亚胺33342检测差异提示细胞球中仅部分细胞具有干细胞的功能。     

脑胶质瘤干细胞的体外培养与生物学特性观察

目的体外培养人脑胶质瘤干细胞并观察其生物学特性。方法应用无血清培养技术,从手术中获取的人脑胶质瘤组织培养得到肿瘤干细胞,诱导其分化后与原肿瘤组织细胞进行比较。应用细胞免疫荧光技术鉴定肿瘤干细胞表面标志物。结果分别在间变性星形细胞瘤和胶质母细胞瘤中培养得到悬浮生长的肿瘤干细胞球,其能在体外自我更新、增殖,形成新的克隆性细胞球,保持连续稳定的传代,能表达神经干细胞表面标志物CD 133。在含血清培养基中能够分化为与原肿瘤组织相似的贴壁生长的细胞。结论人脑胶质瘤中存在一定量的肿瘤干细胞,能够自我更新增殖、诱导分化、表达干细胞标志物CD 133。为探讨脑胶质瘤的发病机制奠定了基础。     

靶向乳腺癌干细胞DC瘤苗的核酸抗原制备

摘要 目的：应用无血清培养基细胞球培养法富集MCF-7乳腺癌干细胞,制备乳腺癌干细胞mRNA核酸抗原,为制备靶向乳腺癌干细胞树突细胞瘤苗奠定基础。方法：应用无血清培养基悬浮培养法富集MCF-7乳腺癌细胞,经单克隆形成、表面标志检测、NOD-SCID小鼠成瘤等实验对其肿瘤干细胞特性进行鉴定后,利用T7 mMESSAGE mMACHINE试剂盒进行mRNA体外扩增。结果：乳腺癌细胞MCF-7在无血清培养基中可形成悬浮状细胞球,其中具有CD44+CD24-表面标志的细胞约占90.16%。该细胞亚群具有较贴壁细胞更强的克隆形成能力和低剂量体内成瘤能力。细胞总RNA经体外扩增获得的mRNA,可作为核酸抗原。结论：应用无血清悬浮细胞球培养法可以获得高含量乳腺癌干细胞。通过体外扩增方法获得该细胞亚群的mRNA,可作为肿瘤核酸抗原,为下一步制备靶向乳腺癌干细胞的树突细胞瘤苗奠定了基础。     

单克隆培养法分离、培养胶质瘤干细胞

目的 观察单克隆培养法从人脑胶质瘤细胞系SHG44中分离、培养肿瘤干细胞的结果.方法 取对数生长期SHG44细胞,用无血清培养基进行肿瘤干细胞的分离培养及单克隆培养,免疫荧光染色法对分化前后的肿瘤球行CD133、神经巢蛋白(Nestin)、胶质纤维酸性蛋白质(GFAP)、小管蛋白3-Tubulin染色,MTT法检测肿瘤于细胞的增殖情况,流式细胞术检测CD133阳性细胞比例.结果 单克隆分离培养的细胞球表达CD133及Nestin干细胞标记物,分化后表达星形胶质细胞GFAP及神经元β-Tubulin标记物,细胞球生长约第5天增殖率达到峰值.结论 单克隆培养法可成功分离培养出胶质瘤干细胞,分化前后的细胞球可表达干细胞标记物、神经胶质细胞及神经元标记物,肿瘤球具有较强的增殖及分化能力,并含有一定数量的CD133阳性细胞.     

胰腺癌肿瘤干细胞的悬浮培养法

目的 建立无血清悬浮培养分离人胰腺癌细胞系PANC1干细胞球的方法.方法 采用无血清悬浮法培养PANC1细胞,显微镜下观察干细胞球形成率;流式细胞仪检测细胞CD133表达和细胞周期;以含10%FBS培养基诱导干细胞球细胞分化,荧光显微镜下观察细胞形态及CK18的表达;干细胞球细胞接种NOD/SCID小鼠皮下,观察其成瘤能力.结果 在无血清悬浮培养条件下存活的PANC1细胞形成干细胞球,体外连续传代培养20代始终保持4%0～5%0的干细胞球形成率.干细胞球细胞CD133表达率(5.91±0.7)%,G0/G1期细胞占(80.99±2.60)%,与原代PANC1细胞的(1.44±0.52)%和(69.01±5.03)%相差显著(P＜0.05).将于细胞球细胞置含血清培养基中培养.细胞逐渐恢复原代细胞形态,并表达上皮标志蛋白CK18,2×103的干细胞即在NOD/SCID小鼠皮下成瘤.结论 无血清悬浮法培养PANC1细胞可分离出肿瘤干细胞,其具有自我更新、多向分化和成瘤能力.     

胃癌干细胞的分离鉴定以及干细胞特性研究

背景:肿瘤干细胞(CSCs)已成为当前肿瘤研究的热点之一,开展相关研究的首要问题是CSCs的分离和鉴定,悬浮培养法是分离CSCs的重要方法。目的:分离、鉴定胃癌干细胞(GCSCs)并评价其干细胞特性。方法:人胃癌细胞株MKN45、MGC803、SGC7901以含表皮生长因子(EGF)、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)的无血清培养基悬浮培养。对培养得到的第三代肿瘤球,以集落形成实验检测其克隆形成能力,免疫荧光法检测GCSCs标记物,细胞划痕实验和Transwell小室细胞侵袭实验检测其迁移、侵袭能力,CCK-8实验检测其对顺铂的耐药性。结果:培养得到的肿瘤球高表达干细胞标记物CD44、CD54,低表达胃壁细胞标记物H+/K+-ATPase,克隆形成能力、划痕愈合速度和Transwell小室穿膜细胞数明显大于或多于普通胃癌细胞,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。顺铂对肿瘤球的50%抑制浓度明显高于普通胃癌细胞。结论:应用无血清培养基悬浮培养法能成功获得GCSCs富集的肿瘤球;肿瘤球具有较强的自我更新、增殖、迁移、侵袭能力和多向分化潜能,对化疗药物更易产生耐药性。     

CD117阳性细胞亚群在肝癌细胞系HepG2中的分离及其特性

目的:观察从人肝癌细胞系HepG2中分离的CD117+细胞生物学行为,探讨肝癌中CD117+细胞亚群的干细胞特性.方法:采用无血清悬浮培养法培养HepG2细胞,流式细胞术检测HepG2及球体细胞中CD117的表达比例.用流式细胞分选技术从HepG2成球细胞中分离CD117+的肿瘤细胞,进行无血清悬浮培养,观察其成球能力.CCK-8法观察CD117+细胞的增殖能力和顺铂对CD117+细胞的抑制率,计算IC50和耐药指数(RI).结果:HepG2细胞能在无血清培养基中存活、增殖并形成细胞球,成球率为6.21%±2.03%;流式细胞检测发现球体细胞中CD117+细胞的比例比HepG2细胞提升了9倍;CD117+细胞在无血清培养基中成球率和增殖能力均显著高于未分选细胞和CD117细胞;CD117+细胞在各浓度的顺铂作用下抑制率均较未分选细胞和CD117细胞明显降低,三者IC50分别为12.229μmol/L、7.970μmol/L和7.345μmol/L,CD117+细胞和未分选细胞耐药系数RI为1.165和1.076.结论:人肝癌细胞系HepG2中的CD117+细胞是具有肿瘤干细胞特性的细胞亚群,CD117可能是肝...     

应用低浓度长春新碱分离并鉴定MG-63细胞系中的骨肉瘤干细胞

目的 分离并鉴定人成骨肉瘤细胞系MG-63中的骨肉瘤类肿瘤干细胞.方法 通过无血清培养基加入低浓度长春新碱的方法悬浮培养成骨肉瘤细胞球来进行分离和类干细胞富集.后行细胞形态学观察、细胞球免疫荧光染色、RT-PCR、流式细胞仪鉴定细胞表面标志物,成骨、成脂肪诱导及裸鼠成瘤的一系列鉴定试验.结果 悬浮培养得到肉瘤细胞球,可持续传代细胞亚系"MG-63-M",多能干细胞、胚胎干细胞标志物及多药耐药基因表达均为阳性.具有很强的自我更新及多项分化能力.结论 MG-63细胞系中存在具有自我更新及多向分化能力的骨肉瘤干细胞,而采用神经干细胞培养基中添加低浓度长春新碱是从骨肉瘤细胞系中分离培养出骨肉瘤干细胞的有效办法.     

Oct4通过类泛素修饰途径维持胶质瘤干细胞增殖潜能

目的研究类泛素蛋白(SUMO)与肿瘤干细胞"干性"诱导基因Oct4共同维持胶质瘤干细胞于持续增殖状态的分子机制。方法采用极低密度细胞接种法培养C6胶质瘤肿瘤干细胞克隆球,血清还原+免疫荧光方法验证肿瘤干细胞分化能力。实验设对照组、无义组和SUMO1组。持续测量克隆球直径,免疫荧光方法检测Ki67、CD133、巢蛋白和胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)表达情况,Western blot法检测Oct4和SUMO1的表达水平。结果肿瘤细胞克隆球被血清诱导分化后高表达胶质细胞标记蛋白GFAP。与对照组和无义组比较,SUMO1组细胞克隆球直径增长速度、Ki67、CD133、巢蛋白阳性率明显降低(P0.05),GFAP阳性率明显升高[(57.35±7.87)%vs(1.09±0.27)%,(0.87±0.21)%,P0.05],SUMO1组游离及共价结合状态的SUMO1及Oct4明显降低(P0.05)。结论 Oct4通过与SUMO1共价结合共同维持胶质瘤干细胞持续增殖潜能。     

CD133(+) gallbladder carcinoma cells exhibit self-renewal ability and tumorigenicity

AIM:To identify cancer stem cells(CSCs) in human gallbladder carcinomas(GBCs).METHODS:Primary GBC cells were cultured under serum-free conditions to produce floating spheres.The stem-cell properties of the sphere-forming cells,including self-renewal,differentiation potential,chemoresistance and tumorigenicity,were determined in vitro or in vivo.Cell surface expression of CD133 was investigated in primary tumors and in spheroid cells using flow cytometry.The sphere-colony-formation ability and tumorigenicity...     

Sphere-forming cell subpopulations with cancer stem cell properties in human hepatoma cell lines

Background

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are regarded as the cause of tumor formation and recurrence. The isolation and identification of CSCs could help to develop novel therapeutic strategies specifically targeting CSCs.

Methods

Human hepatoma cell lines were plated in stem cell conditioned culture system allowed for sphere forming. To evaluate the stemness characteristics of spheres, the self-renewal, proliferation, chemoresistance, tumorigenicity of the PLC/PRF/5 sphere-forming cells, and the expression levels of stem cell related proteins in the PLC/PRF/5 sphere-forming cells were assessed, comparing with the parental cells. The stem cell RT-PCR array was performed to further explore the biological properties of liver CSCs.

Results

The PLC/PRF/5, MHCC97H and HepG2 cells could form clonal nonadherent 3-D spheres and be serially passaged. The PLC/PRF/5 sphere-forming cells possessed a key criteria that define CSCs: persistent self-renewal, extensive proliferation, drug resistance, overexpression of liver CSCs related proteins (Oct3/4, OV6, EpCAM, CD133 and CD44). Even 500 sphere-forming cells were able to form tumors in NOD/SCID mice, and the tumor initiating capability was not decreased when spheres were passaged. Besides, downstream proteins DTX1 and Ep300 of the CSL (CBF1 in humans, Suppressor of hairless in Drosophila and LAG1 in C. elegans) -independent Notch signaling pathway were highly expressed in the spheres, and a gamma-secretase inhibitor MRK003 could significantly inhibit the sphere formation ability.

Conclusions

Nonadherent tumor spheres from hepatoma cell lines cultured in stem cell conditioned medium possess liver CSC properties, and the CSL-independent Notch signaling pathway may play a role in liver CSCs.     

Effect of norcantharidin on proliferation and invasion of human gallbladder carcinoma GBC-SD cells

AIM: To investigate the effect of norcantharidin on proliferation and invasion of human gallbladder carcinoma GBC-SD cells in vitro and its anticancer mechanism. METHODS: Human gallbladder carcinoma GBC-SD cells were cultured by cell culture technique. The growth and the invasiveness of GBC-SD cells in vitro were evaluated by the tetrazolium-based colorimetric assay and by the Matrigel experiment and the crossing-river test. Expression of PCNA, Ki-67, MMP2 and TIMP2 proteins of GBC-SD cells was determined by streptavidin-biotin complex method. RESULTS: In vitro norcantharidin inhibited the growth and proliferation of GBC-SD cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, with the IC50 value of 56.18 μ/mL at 48 h. Norcantharidin began to inhibit the invasion of GBC-SD cells at the concentration of 5 μg/mL, and the invasive action of GBC-SD cells was inhibited completely and their crossing-river time was prolonged significantly at 40 μg/mL. After treatment with norcantharidin, the expression of PCNA, Ki-67, and MMP2 was significantly decreased. With the increase in TIMP2 expression, the MMP2 to TIMP2 ratio was decreased significantly (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Norcantharidin inhibits the proliferation and growth of human gallbladder carcinoma cells in vitro at relatively low concentrations by inhibiting PCNA and Ki-67 expression. Its anti-invasive activity may be the result of decrease in MMP2 to TIMP2 ratio and reduced cell motility.     

Facile isolation and the characterization of human retinal stem cells

This study identifies and characterizes retinal stem cells (RSCs) in early postnatal to seventh-decade human eyes. Different subregions of human eyes were dissociated and cultured by using a clonal sphere-forming assay. The stem cells were derived only from the pars plicata and pars plana of the retinal ciliary margin, at a frequency of approximately 1:500. To test for long-term self-renewal, both the sphere assay and monolayer passaging were used. By using the single sphere passaging assay, primary spheres were dissociated and replated, and individual spheres demonstrated 100% self-renewal, with single spheres giving rise to one or more new spheres in each subsequent passage. The clonal retinal spheres were plated under differentiation conditions to assay the differentiation potential of their progeny. The spheres were produced all of the different retinal cell types, demonstrating multipotentiality. Therefore, the human eye contains a small population of cells (approximately equal to 10,000 cells per eye) that have retinal stem-cell characteristics (proliferation, self-renewal, and multipotentiality). To test the in vivo potential of the stem cells and their progeny, we transplanted dissociated human retinal sphere cells, containing both stem cells and progenitors, into the eyes of postnatal day 1 NOD/SCID mice and embryonic chick eyes. The progeny of the RSCs were able to survive, migrate, integrate, and differentiate into the neural retina, especially as photoreceptors. Their facile isolation, integration, and differentiation suggest that human RSCs eventually may be valuable in treating human retinal diseases.     

茶多酚诱导人胆囊癌细胞系GBC-SD细胞凋亡的机制

目的探讨茶多酚体外诱导人胆囊癌细胞系GBC-SD细胞凋亡的机制。方法茶多酚作用GBC-SD细胞48 h后,光学显微镜观察细胞形态变化;Hoechst33258/PI双染色,激光扫描共聚焦显微镜观察茶多酚诱导人胆囊癌细胞系GBC-SD细胞凋亡作用;DCFH-DA为细胞内活性氧探针,激光扫描共聚焦显微镜检测茶多酚对人胆囊癌细胞系GBC-SD细胞活性氧(ROS)水平的影响,分光光度法测定茶多酚对人胆囊癌细胞系GBC-SD细胞内caspase-3活性的影响。结果 50、100、200μg/ml茶多酚作用GBC-SD细胞48 h后,人胆囊癌细胞系GBC-SD细胞呈现典型的凋亡特征;激光扫描共聚焦显微镜下观察茶多酚作用后GBC-SD细胞ROS明显上升,细胞内caspase-3活性增强(P<0.01)。结论茶多酚能显著诱导人胆囊癌细胞系GBC-SD细胞发生凋亡作用,其机制可能是ROS过量积聚、激发caspase级联反应,从而诱导细胞凋亡。     

Proteomic comparison of spherical aggregates and adherent cells of cardiac stem cells

Background

Previously published papers showed that cardiac stem cells (CSCs) form (cardio)sphere. However, recent studies questioned the significance of the sphere-formation as one of the characteristics of CSCs. We isolated c-kit-positive cardiac stem cells, cultured as bulk (CSC-BC) and characterized them previously. Among them, CSC-BC21 formed an extraordinary number of spheres. Using a clone derived from this bulk culture, we investigated the effect of sphere-formation on differentiation and performed proteomics analysis comparing two statuses, cardiosphere and dish substrate attachment.

Methods

We performed sphere-forming assay to compare the sphere-forming ability among CSC-BCs. The cloned cells from CSC-BC21, which had distinct sphere-forming ability, were cultured in a differentiation medium (DM) to induce cardiac myocyte differentiation. We performed RT-PCR analysis to investigate if cardiosphere-formation affects cardiac myocyte gene expression level. Furthermore, proteome analysis was performed to compare floating cardiosphere (flCS) and dish-attached cardiosphere-derived cells (daCS).

Results

One of the cloned cells, CSC-21E expressed higher troponin I message than CSC-BC21. Moreover, the message level of troponin I was enhanced when they had experienced cardiosphere prior to the treatment of myocyte differentiation medium. The change from flCS to daCS accompanied up-regulation of chaperones and down regulation of glycolytic and other metabolic enzymes. Calreticulin and Hsp 90 were among the up-regulated chaperons. Calreticulin is known to be an essential component of cardiogenesis.

Conclusion

These results suggest that the switch from aggregated sphere to the cell attachment, is important for advancing the cardiac cell differentiation.     

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of gallbladder carcinoma cell line

BACKGROUND:Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR) spectroscopy is a physical method applied to the study of cellular changes at the molecular level in various normal and diseased human tissues,including cancer.This study was undertaken to establish a cellular basis for the diagnosis of carcinoma tissue,using FT-IR spectroscopy to study a carcinoma cell line and investigating the specific spectral features of the cell line. METHODS:The FT-IR spectra of cultured gallbladder carcinoma cells(GBC-SD)smeared on a BaF2...     

Proteome of human colon cancer stem cells: a comparative analysis

AIM: To isolate and identify the biological characteristics of human colon cancer stem cells (SW1116 cells) and further study their proteome. METHODS: SW1116 cells were isolated and cultured with a serum-free medium (SFM). Sphere formation was assayed to observe the formation of colon cancer stem cell spheres. SW1116 cells were inoculated into a serum-containing medium for observing their differentiation characteristics. Proliferation curve and cross-resistance of SW1116 cells to different drugs were detect...     

恶性脑胶质瘤U87细胞系肿瘤干细胞放疗敏感性的体外实验研究

目的探讨脑胶质瘤细胞系U87细胞及其肿瘤干细胞（CSCs）对体外放疗的敏感性。方法应用神经干细胞（NSCs）培养基分离培养形成细胞球克隆,检测细胞球细胞的NSCs特性。采用不同剂量放射线照射U87细胞及其CSCs,应用集落形成实验和生存曲线检测其生存情况。结果 U87细胞在NSCs培养基中形成悬浮的细胞球克隆,具有自我更新和多向分化能力,表达CD133、Nestin;两种细胞的存活率均随照射剂量增加而下降,且CSCs的存活率明显高于U87细胞（P〈0.01）。结论在体外条件下,CSCs的放射敏感性明显低于U87细胞,其可能是恶性脑胶质瘤放疗抵抗的主要原因。