分析MRI检查对半月板损伤类型的评价

目的:分析MRI检查应用半月板损伤类型评价中的应用价值。方法:择取我院2018年1月—2019年5月期间收治的69例疑似半月板损伤患者共计73个膝关节作为研究对象,所有患者均接受MRI检查,以关节镜手术作为金标准,统计MRI检查的准确率。结果:关节镜检查确定膝关节半月板受损68膝关节。MRI检查应用于诊断半月板损伤的敏感性为97.10%,特异性为83.25%,检查准确率为95.89%。结论:准确掌握内外侧半月板损伤后的MRI影像表现,可有效提升术前应用MRI诊断半月板损伤的准确率,有利于患者手术方案制定以及预后评估。     

关节软骨的损伤与修复

关节软骨损伤在临床上很常见，主要由外伤或疾病造成。关节软骨损伤后，自身修复能力很差，长期以来治疗方法很多，疗效多不令人满意。关节软骨损伤修复一直是骨科界关注的难点和重点之一。介绍关节软骨损伤修复的多种方法及其进展，主要包括：软骨下骨钻孔技术、截骨术、骨膜移植技术、软骨细胞或间充质干细胞移植技术、生长因子和人工基质的应用以及自体或同种异体关节软骨的移植技术，并就其临床应用作以说明。     

MRI检查与CT检查诊断膝关节损伤的临床效果对比析

选取我院2014年10月~2016年3月收治的200例膝关节损伤患者,所有患者均常规行MRI检查与CT检查,然后再行关节镜探查手术检查,且将该手术检查结果作为诊断标准进行对比分析,以总结CT检查和MRI检查在膝关节损伤中的诊断价值。经关节镜探查手术检查表明,本组200例膝关节损伤患者中,共有48例患者明确诊断为韧带受损,66例患者明确诊断为关节腔积液,26例患者明确诊断为骨质改变,60例患者明确诊断为半月板受损。将关节镜探查手术的检查结果作为金标准进行对照分析发现,MRI检查的诊断符合率100.0%,显著高于CT检查的诊断符合率80.50%,差异存在统计学意义（P〈0.05）。MRI检查在膝关节损伤中的诊断价值明显优于CT检查,值得进一步推广。     

膝关节损伤的MRI诊断研究进展

膝关节损伤是指发生在车祸、摔伤、扭伤、登山、过度锻炼及长期疲劳性慢性损伤中所引起的膝关节不适的疾病。一般包括内外侧半月板损伤、前后交叉韧带损伤、内外侧副韧带损伤、骨挫伤等。如果不准确诊断延误治疗将会导致骨性关节炎、行走障碍的发生,严重影响关节寿命,为患者的生活造成诸多不便。因此,准确诊断对指导临床治疗有重要意义[1]。11普通X线（摄片的）密度和空间分辨率低,部分解剖部位重叠,而且还受投照条件的影响,     

半月板损伤的MRI诊断及临床价值（附98例报告）

以往对于半月板损伤的检查方法是关节造影和关节镜检查。关节造影诊断准确率较低，关节镜为创伤性检查。磁共振成像（MRI）是最近几年开始应用于半月板损伤的检查方法，不仅可以直接显示半月板损伤的程度，还可显示周围韧带损伤、肌肉损伤及骨挫伤。现分析98例半月板损伤MRI检查，以评价其临床价值。     

MRI诊断髋关节圆韧带损伤

目的 分析髋关节圆韧带损伤的MRI特征及其诊断价值。方法 回顾性分析17例经关节镜证实的圆韧带损伤患者,探讨韧带完全断裂、部分撕裂的MRI征象。结果 圆韧带完全断裂14例,部分撕裂3例。9例股骨头附着处断裂,4例髋臼切迹横韧带处断裂,1例中段断裂;3例部分撕裂发生在中段。MRI确定诊断15例,观察损伤部位、程度及类型与关节镜一致。损伤的直接MRI征象主要是韧带变形,信号不连续,韧带断端或断段出血、水肿,黏液样变性。间接征象主要有韧带附着骨骨折或挫伤（9例）,软骨损伤（8例）,髋臼盂唇损伤（7例）、关节囊损伤（13例）及关节其他韧带损伤（17例）。结论 MRI能准确诊断髋关节圆韧带的损伤;通过对其直接征象及间接征象的分析,能为圆韧带损伤的部位、程度及类型判断提供可靠依据。     

软骨多参数MRI在膝骨性关节炎软骨损伤及疗效评估中的应用

目的:探究软骨多参数磁共振成像(MRI)在膝骨性关节炎软骨损伤及疗效评估中的作用。方法:选取2022年1月—2023年1月贺州市人民医院收治的180例膝骨性关节炎患者纳入研究。根据是否存在软骨损伤进行分组,将存在软骨损伤的患者纳入损伤组(92例),将未发现软骨损伤的患者纳入无损伤组(88例)。对所有患者进行软骨多参数MRIT2*mapping序列扫描,对比两组患者的不同软骨区域(股骨内侧踝、内侧胫骨平台、股骨外侧踝、外侧胫骨平台)的T2*值。使用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析不软骨区域的T2*值对膝骨性关节炎软骨损伤的诊断价值。并于治疗4周后根据损伤组患者的关节软骨损伤分级进行分组,将关节软骨损伤分级在0～Ⅰ级的患者纳入轻度损伤组(46例),将分级在Ⅱ级的患者纳入中度损伤组(35例),将Ⅲ～Ⅳ级的患者纳入重度损伤组(11例),对比三组患者不同软骨区域的T2*值。结果:损伤组的股骨内侧踝、内侧胫骨平台、股骨外侧踝、外侧胫骨平台的T2*值均高于无损伤组(P<0.05)。经ROC曲线分析,股骨内侧踝、内侧胫骨平台、股骨外侧踝、外侧胫骨平台的T2*值评估膝骨性关节炎软骨损伤的曲线下面积...     

膝关节损伤的MRI诊断

膝关节损伤，以往常规X线及CT检查始终是首选的影像学检查方法，但常规X线和CT只能发现较明显的骨折和关节脱位，难以观察到韧带损伤、半月板撕裂、软骨损伤及骨挫伤和隐匿性骨折，而MRI能清晰地显示韧带、半月板、关节软骨、滑膜及关节囊等解剖结构，对损伤能做出定性及定量的评价，并能在早期（尤其是在外伤急性期）发现X线片和CT不易观察的骨挫伤和隐匿性骨折。本通过回顾性分析51例膝关节损伤的MRI特点，进一步探讨其在膝关节损伤中的诊断价值。     

半月板损伤的关节镜检查及MRI诊断

膝关节半月板损伤是临床上常见的膝关节疾病,多见于运动项目及日常活动中.半月板损伤后使膝关节出现功能紊乱,关节功能减退,膝关节周围肌肉萎缩和关节软骨损伤,严重影响患者的运动能力及生活质量.     

CT与MRI检查在膝半月板或者关节软骨损伤的诊断中的效果及准确性分析

目的:探析膝半月板、关节软骨损伤诊断中CT、MRI的检查价值.方法:选择2019年9月—2020年6月龙口市中医医院收治的疑似膝半月板损伤、关节软骨损伤患者80例入组分析,对入组患者均实施CT、MRI检查,将关节镜检查结果作为诊断金标准,对比CT及MRI诊断准确率、特异度、灵敏度、关节软骨损伤诊断正确率及半月板损伤分级...     

Duodenal ulcer in young males

A total of 730 young men aged 18 to 22 with peptic ulcer were examined, of them 670 (91.8%) with duodenal ulcer. The follow-up of most patients over time (starting from initial changes up to ulcer formation), a study of risk factors and catamnesis contributed to better understanding of pathogenesis and early diagnosis. Early diagnosis at the stage of acute ulcer (small sizes, weak changes of the gastroduodenal mucosa, high reparative properties and complete cicatrization within a short period) was made in 80% of the patients. In the young men with chronic ulcer (20%) a clinical picture was less typical, a course of disease was torpid, functional indices and reparative properties were on a decrease.     

Quantifying normal 3D hip ROM in healthy young adult males with clinical and laboratory tools: hip mobility restrictions appear to be plane-specific

Background

Hip mobility is known to affect lumbar spine motion, yet the literature is unclear as to what constitutes normal, limited or excessive motion, given differences in methods, postures, age, etc. The purpose of this study was to establish normative and percentile data for hip rotation and extension, in a young adult male population, using varying methods of quantification.

Methods

77 males (age 18–35) were recruited. Position data was captured using the Vicon Motion capture system, as participants were passively positioned in hip extension (using the Modified Thomas test) and prone hip rotation. 22 of these participants also had measurements obtained with a goniometer. 3D hip extension angles were calculated using Euler angles, and compared to those calculated in 2D. Goniometric results were compared to 2D measurements.

Findings

Normal distribution of hip extension and rotation range of motion was established, as were average values for the 5th through 95th percentiles. No significant differences existed between hip extension angles measured with the 2D and 3D approaches. Goniometric measurements of hip extension averaged 3.9° less than 2D, less than 1° different for external rotation, and not different for internal rotation.

Interpretation

The normative and percentile data documented here for hip rotation and extension appear to be validly quantified with goniometric techniques when compared to more objective techniques. Further, hip restriction in one plane may not predict restrictions in other planes.     

Factors associated with microhematuria in asymptomatic young men

The prevalence of asymptomatic microhematuria (two to four or more erythrocytes per high-power field) in 1341 male Air Force personnel was 5.4%. The most powerful predictor of microhematuria (nearly 15-fold increased prevalence) was a history of recurrent microhematuria during the previous five years. Recurrent microscopic hematuria was present in 14.5% (8/55) of men with a history of urethritis, accounting for 26% (8/31) of the cases of recurrent microscopic hematuria. The prevalence of microhematuria was not affected by physical exercise, flight duty, or sexual intercourse during the 24 h preceding the urinalysis.     

青年男性骨代谢生化指标的生物学波动特点

目的了解年青男性骨代谢特异性指标及骨代谢相关电解质的生物学波动和各指标间的相互关系。方法10名健康男性志愿者（平均年龄29．9±4．2岁）参与了该实验。分别在上午8到12点间抽取系列血样并测定血液骨代谢生化指标：骨保护素（OPG）、骨钙素（OC）、骨特异性碱性磷酸酶（BALP）、I型胶原蛋白c端片段（CTX）、骨特异性抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶（BTRAP）、全段PTH（i-PTH）及相关电解质。结果骨生成指标BALP，OC及骨吸收指标CTX，BTRAP呈明显下降趋势（分别为-8．5％，-12％，和-18％，-7％），它们之间呈不同程度的正向关联。血总钙，磷，及钙磷乘积水平在上午这个时段也呈不同幅度的下降并逐渐回升之势。而血镁浓度却呈逐步上升之势。生物学波动的相关分析表明，骨生化指标BALP与PTH呈正相关而与血总钙，磷呈负相关：OPG的变化节律与BALP，OC，CTX及PTH呈负相关而与血镁呈正相关。此外，血总钙水平还与CTX和BTRAP呈负相关。血离子钙水平无明显变化并与这些指标的生物学节律波动无显著相关。结论年青男性个体骨代谢特异性指标在上午呈节律性的生物学波动。     

Handedness and cerebral anatomical asymmetries in young adult males

Using voxel-based morphometry, we measured the cerebral anatomical asymmetries in a sample of 56 young right-handed males and then compared voxelwise asymmetry indices of these subjects to those of 56 young left-handed males. In the right-handed, the clusters of grey matter asymmetry corresponding to the leftward occipital petalia and planum temporale asymmetries were retrieved. Strong rightward temporo-parietal asymmetries were also observed, but the rightward grey matter asymmetry in the frontal lobe was less massive than previously described. Group comparisons of left- and right-handed subjects' asymmetry maps, performed at a statistical threshold not corrected for multiple comparisons, revealed significant effects of handedness on this pattern of anatomical asymmetry in frontal regions, notably in the lower central and precentral sulci, and also in the planum temporale, with right-handed subjects being more leftward asymmetric. Concerning white matter, although almost no focal differences between left- and right-handed subjects were detected, volumetric analyses at the hemispheric level revealed a leftward asymmetry, which happened to be significantly less marked in the left-handed. This latter result, together with the pattern of leftward white matter asymmetries, suggested that anatomical correlates of the left hemispheric specialization for language would exist in white matter. In the population we studied, differences in anatomical asymmetry between left- and right-handed subjects provided structural arguments for a greater functional ambilaterality in left-handed subjects.     

Functional MRI of the brain detects neuropathic pain in experimental spinal cord injury

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been used to map cerebral activations related to nociceptive stimuli in rodents. Here, we used fMRI to investigate abnormally increased responses to noxious or innocuous stimuli, in a well-established rat model of chronic neuropathic pain induced by photochemical lumbar spinal cord injury. In this model, a subpopulation of rats exhibits allodynia-like hypersensitivity to mechanical and cold stimulation of the trunk area. In those rats that do not develop overt hypersensitivity after identical spinal cord injury (i.e. non-hypersensitive rats), touch evoked pain can be triggered by the opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone. We show that cerebral activations in contralateral primary somatosensory cortex (SI) are markedly correlated with different behavioural characteristics of these animals. Identical electrical stimulation, applied on trunks of spinally injured hypersensitive and non-hypersensitive rats, evoked significantly higher responses in SI of the former than the latter. Although levels of fMRI signals in SI of the trunk territory were not significantly different between normal and spinally injured non-hypersensitive rats, the administration of naloxone significantly increased fMRI signals in the non-hypersensitive rats, but not in the normal rats. We conclude that increased activation of contralateral SI is a key feature of behavioural neuropathic pain in spinally injured rats and that fMRI is an effective method to monitor experimental neuropathic pain in small animals.     

Symptoms of diphyllobothriasis in young males serving in the army

AIM: To study prevalence and clinical symptoms of diphyllobothriasis in military personnel. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Non-random sample of 123 patients was examined, 72 healthy military personnel entered a control group. Total blood count, urine analysis, chest fluorography, coproovoscopic tests, test for occult blood, fibrogastroduodenoscopy, blood biochemical tests, ECG were conducted. By hemoglobinemia the patients were divided into three groups: hemoglobinemia (group 1), 120-130 g/l (group 2), under 120 g/l (group 3). RESULTS: Most patients of groups 1 and 2 felt healthy. Fragments of helminths at defecation were detected in 3.9%. Dispeptic complaints, abdominal pain occurred in 13% patients of groups 1 and 2, asthenovegetative symptoms - in 9%. Patients of group 3 had complaints directly correlating with anemia severity. Eosinophylia was weak in all the groups. Signs of gastritis were revealed by gastroscopy in 13% patients, achylia was absent. CONCLUSION: Diphyllobothriasis in military personnel ran a mild course. 72% cases were asymptomatic. Clinical manifestations of invasion were related to anemia. Severe anemia and complications of invasion developed acutely in 4% patients who had long-term invasion, intensive physical loads and severe concomitant diseases.