Orbital embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma with metastasis in a young dog

A 2-year-old male Welsh corgi dog was brought to an animal hospital because of left upper eyelid enlargement with lachrymal gland protrusion. The lachrymal and orbital cavity mass was removed surgically. Microscopically, the orbital mass consisted of a mixture of large rhabdomyoblastic and small round tumour cells. Immunohistochemically, the rhabdomyoblastic cells expressed desmin and myoglobin and the small round cells expressed desmin, myogenin and MyoD1. A diagnosis of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERS) was made. One month later, multiple masses throughout the body were identified, in particular around the cervical region. One of these lesions was sampled and diagnosed as metastatic ERS. The dog died 84 days after the time of first admission.     

Intrathoracic granular cell tumour in a dog

Multiple granular cell tumours occurred diffusely throughout the pleura of an adult German Shepherd Dog. The growths were scattered over the surface of the lungs, mediastinum and diaphragm. Histologically, the masses consisted of plump cords of cells with eosinophilic, weakly PAS-positive cytoplasmic granules. Electron microscopically, the granules consisted of a pleomorphic population of electron-dense granules. The predilection site in the dog is the tongue and this is the first report of an intrathoracic, pleural site of granular cell tumours in the dog.     

Well-differentiated chondrosarcoma of the humerus with prominent granular cell component: a hitherto unreported occurrence

We report the case of a well-differentiated chondrosarcoma of the proximal humerus in a 60-year-old man that featured a prominent component of granular cells, the granules being shown by electron microscopy to be lysosomal. Although secondary granular cell changes have been described in a large variety of tumor types, this is, to the best of our knowledge, the first documentation of this phenomenon in a skeletal chondrosarcoma.     

SHORT PAPER - extensive spinal meningioma in a young dog

The meningioma is one of the most common intradural spinal neoplasms in dogs. Such tumours are usually solitary, well-defined masses that tend to occur in mature and aged dogs. Several variants have been described in the medical and veterinary literature. This paper records a case of a spinal meningioma that extended from the cervical to the lumbosacral spine, with concurrent hydrocephalus, in a 5-month-old male Rhodesian Ridgeback. The tumour appeared to be a meningothelial meningioma with focal mineralization.     

颅外原发下颌骨脑膜瘤临床诊治一例报道并文献复习

目的 探讨颅外原发下颌骨脑膜瘤的临床病理和影像学特征,以及诊断和治疗方法。方法 回顾性分析2017年10月无锡市第二人民医院收治的1例57岁女性颅外原发下颌骨脑膜瘤患者的临床资料。在PubMed、中国知网、万方数据及维普数据库中,以“下颌骨(mandibular)”和“原发性脑膜瘤(primary meningioma)”为关键词,检索截至2017年10 月有关下颌骨原发性脑膜瘤的相关文献,共纳入7篇8例颅外原发下颌骨脑膜瘤的报道,均为英文文献;结合本例诊治过程,总结该病临床及影像学表现、组织学形态、免疫组织化学特征、治疗方法及临床预后特点。结果 本文1例中年女性下颌骨无痛性膨胀性病变,CT为境界清楚的透射影,组织学梭形肿瘤细胞伴有局部旋涡状结构,免疫组织化学瘤细胞上皮膜抗原(EMA)、波形蛋白(Vimentin)支持脑膜瘤的诊断;手术完整切除下颌骨肿瘤,术后随访9个月无复发。结合文献报道的8例共9例颅外原发下颌骨脑膜瘤,男2例、女7例,年龄20~74岁;多以下颌骨局部膨胀为主要临床表现;影像学为下颌骨境界清楚的溶骨性病变,多为透射影,也可透射和非透射混合影像;组织学同颅内脑膜瘤,为纤细梭形瘤细胞束状或旋涡状排列,细胞间丰富胶原,部分细胞多边形上皮样,胞界不清,片状分布,可见砂粒体,细胞无异形;免疫组织化学瘤细胞EMA、Vimentin均阳性,孕激素受体、广谱细胞角质蛋白、肌动蛋白结合蛋白、平滑肌肌动蛋白、结蛋白、S-100蛋白、β-微管蛋白-3、CD34、B淋巴细胞瘤-2和尤因肉瘤标记物均阴性,Ki-67增殖指数1%。治疗以肿块切除及下颌骨切除自体骨片移植为主要手术方式。组织学良性者预后好,手术切除可治愈。结论 颅外原发下颌骨脑膜瘤非常罕见,需结合临床及影像学、病理组织学进行鉴别诊断和诊断。手术完整切除肿块及下颌骨重建可治愈。     

Primary pulmonary malignant meningioma with lymph node and liver metastasis in a centenary woman, an autopsy case

Primary meningiomas arising outside the central nervous system are very rare. They have been reported in the head and neck region, in the thorax, the retroperitoneum, and the pelvis. Usually, they behave as slow-growing tumors with a good prognosis. Herein, we report an autopsy case of a 108-year-old woman, known for a right-sided slowly growing lung nodule for 39 years. Death was attributed to cachexia. At post-mortem, a 15-cm mass was present in the right inferior lobe of the lung, associated with an ipsilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, and another 10-cm mass in the liver. Histology revealed a WHO grade III meningioma. No tumor was observed in the cranial cavity. This case illustrates a rare location of meningioma and highlights its biological behavior, with a very slow progression from a most probably benign tumor to a malignant lesion with metastasis over four decades.     

Leiomyoma exhibiting a marked granular change: granular cell leiomyoma versus granular cell schwannoma.

Granular change of leiomyoma or granular cell leiomyoma is rare and not well recognized. It may be confused with the common variety of granular cell tumor, which is currently regarded as being of schwannian origin. A case of granular cell leiomyoma in the periurethral region of a 40-year-old woman is reported. Microscopy indicated that the tumor consisted of polygonal or fusiform cells with coarse, granular eosinophilic cytoplasm. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for desmin and actin, but negative for neuron-specific enolase and S-100 protein. Electron microscopy revealed myofilaments in the tumor cells, thus documenting the myogenic origin of the granular cells. The granules were ultrastructurally similar to those of granular cell schwannoma as described in the literature. It is likely that granular cell tumor arises from different tissues.     

Papillary meningioma in the dog: a clinicopathological study of two cases

Two cases of canine papillary meningioma are reported. The first animal, an 11-year-old male Boxer, presented with vestibular ataxia and the tumour was located in the left pontomedullary region. The second animal, a 15-year-old female cross-bred Miniature Poodle, presented with dementia, truncal ataxia and hypermetria, and the tumour was located in the right semilunar ganglion of Gasser. In the first case, histopathological examination showed that the papillary pattern merged with a typical syncytial meningioma, with extensive areas of necrosis. In the second case, the multilobular tumour had lobules with a purely syncytial, fibrous or transitional histological pattern, and lobules with intermingling papillary and secretory histological patterns. Both tumours exhibited histological features of malignancy, but evidence of remote metastasis was not found. Copyright Harcourt Publishers Ltd.     

Renal angiomyolipoma with a clear cell component

Case report of a 52-year-old woman with angiomyolipoma of the left kidney. The tumor had appearance of a typical angiomyolipoma predominantly composed of spindle cells, some epithelioid cells and few large hyalinized vessels. Adipose tissue was concentrated into small foci. Unusual presence of large cells with a clear fine granular cytoplasm closely resembled cells of the "sugar tumor" of the lung. Epithelioid cells and occasionally spindle cells were HMB45 positive. A minority of cells also coexpressed S100 protein. Clear cells were usually strongly positive for HMB45 too. Our findings supported consideration of a close relation between clear cell ("sugar") tumor of the lung and angiomyolipoma.     

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma with granular cells, mimicking a granular cell tumor. Light, electron microscopic and immunohistochemical observation of a case

The tumor that occurred subcutaneously in the left hypochondriac region of an 87-year-old female is reported. Light microscopically, this tumor was composed of two kinds of cells, spindle cells and granular cells. The spindle cells showed various pictures such as fascicular arrangement, pleomorphic giant cells in the myxoid stroma and areas with abundant blood vessels. The granular cells contained PAS positive and diastase-resistant granules, and these granules, being electron microscopically phagocytic lysosomes, showed the same findings as the granules seen in the granular cell tumor. The immunohistochemical studies for S-100 protein, neuron specific enolase, CEA, myoglobin, and lysosome were negative, but alpha-antichymotrypsin was positive. From the microscopic and immunohistochemical findings, this tumor was diagnosed as a malignant fibrous histiocytoma with granular cell changes of tumor cells.     

Large granular lymphocyte pleocytosis in the cerebrospinal fluid of a dog with necrotizing meningoencephalitis.

The cerebrospinal fluid of a dog with necrotizing meningoencephalitis showed pleocytosis, produced mostly by large granular lymphocytes. The presence of such lymphocytes in the cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with neurological disease appears not to have been reported previously.     

Tonsillar granular cell tumour in a cat

Granular cell tumour was diagnosed in a cat based on light and electron microscopic findings. Immunohistochemical findings for S-100 protein and neuron-specific enolase were negative, unlike its human counterpart.     

The granular peripolar cell of the human glomerulus: a new component of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

Using serial sections of resin-embedded tissue we found granular peripolar cells in six human kidneys. They were present in 3% to 28% of the glomeruli. Using an immunoperoxidase staining technique and an antibody to pure human renin we showed that the human peripolar cell contains no immunostainable renin. The number of peripolar cells correlated with the number of juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGAs) with renin-containing cells; their distribution within the renal cortex was similar, both being found predominantly in glomeruli in the superficial cortex. There was a close anatomical relationship between the peripolar cells and the renin containing cells in individual JGAs. These findings suggest the possibility of a functional relationship between the peripolar cell and the other components of the juxtaglomerular apparatus.     

Clear cell thymoma in a dog

The light and electron microscopical structure of an invasive clear cell thymoma in a 10-year-old female German shepherd suffering from myasthenia gravis is described.