喂饲克山病病区粮大鼠全血GSH－Px活力的动态变化及硒和维生素E的影响

本文应用低硒的克山病病区粮喂饲大鼠并在其中补充一定剂量的硒或维生素Ｅ（ＶＥ），观察其对全血ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活力的动态影响。实验结果表明，喂饲病区粮６周时，ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活力大幅度降低，并一直保持在最低水平。１０周时在缺氧因素（ＮａＮＯ２）影响下，ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活力进一步明显下降。在病区粮中补一定剂量硒，２周时酶活性显著提高，４周时提高了１００％并保持在较高水平。联合补硒和ＶＥ的作用优于单纯补硒。在ＮａＮＯ２作用情况下，补硒或补ＶＥ组ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ未出现明显降低，提示其对缺氧性损害的抵抗力增强，此作用亦以联合补硒和ＶＥ的效果最佳。     

硒和维生素E对克山病病区粮喂饲大鼠心肌纤维化的影响

目的:观察适时适量补充硒(Se)和维生素E(VE)对心肌纤维化和心肌重构的影响,探讨克山病病区的低Se和低VE膳食是否在心肌损伤后的修复过程中持续发挥作用.方法:30只Wistar 大鼠随机分为:正常对照组(Control,混合饲料喂养)、病区粮饲料组(EG,病区粮喂养)、病区粮饲料加Se组(EG+Se)、病区粮饲料加...     

硒酵母和亚硒酸钠对大鼠血小板酶血浆前列腺素水平的影响

目的探讨补充硒酵母和亚硒酸钠对低硒大鼠血小板谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性和血浆血栓素及前列环素的影响,并比较二者作用的差异．方法以克山病病区低硒粮饲料（含硒９ｎｇ·ｇ－１）和补硒（硒酵母和亚硒酸钠）饲料（含硒２４５ｎｇ·ｇ－１,２４０ｎｇ·ｇ－１）分别喂养大鼠１４ｗｋ,测定血浆硒、血小板谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性、血浆血栓素和前列环素,并对结果进行分析．结果补充硒酵母和亚硒酸钠均可以增高低硒大鼠血浆硒水平和血小板谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性,降低血浆血栓素水平,且二者作用程度相似。结论补充硒酵母和亚硒酸钠均可以改善低硒引起的血液循环障碍,预防克山病发病。     

亚硝酸钠对饲克山病病区粮大鼠花生四烯酸代谢影响

以低硒（Ｓｅ）低维生素Ｅ（ＶＥ）的克山病病区粮饲养大鼠１０周，用腹腔注射亚硝酸盐引起急性缺氧的方法，观察花生四烯酸代谢及其主要产物水平的变化。结果表明，病区粮组大鼠磷脂酶Ａ２活力、花生四烯酸含量、血栓素水平、血栓素／前列环素比值增高；前列环素水平、抗氧化酶活力降低；补Ｓｅ和ＶＥ可使上述变化逆转。结果提示，花生四烯酸代谢紊乱、抗氧化能力降低，是亚硝酸钠与Ｓｅ和ＶＥ缺乏协同引起心肌损害的作用环节。     

维生素E和硒对大鼠血清中抗氧化酶活性的影响

目的探讨维生素E和硒对大鼠血清中抗氧化酶活性的影响。方法将健康Wistar大鼠32只随机分成4组:正常饲料组;维生素E组;硒组;维生素E加硒组。喂养至十周末,处死大鼠,按试剂盒要求取其血液制成血清测GSH-Px、SOD活性。结果维生素E组和硒饲养组的大鼠与正常饲料组比较,血液中GSH-Px和SOD活性升高(P<0.05);维生素E、硒联合组分别与维生素组、硒组比较,GSH-Px、SOD活性升高(P<0.01)。结论维生素E和硒能提高大鼠血液中的抗氧化物质的活性,维生素E与硒联合后其抗氧化作用更强。*     

膳食因素对心肌坏死影响的研究

4组大鼠分别喂以玉米面为主组成单一的偏食或常规食。两个月后间隔16h注射速尿两次。偏食组有明显反应,再注射NaNO_2或异丙基肾上腺素(ISP),发生严重心肌坏死,坏死程度显著重于常规食组(P<0.01)。这一动物模型有利于说明膳食因素对克山病心肌坏死的影响及进一步研究克山病心肌坏死的发生机理。     

亚硝酸钠、硒、维生素E对血浆游离脂肪酸的影响

低硒（Ｓｅ）、低维生素Ｅ（ＶＥ）粮饲养大鼠至１０周末给予亚硝酸钠，其血浆游离脂肪酸（ＦＦＡ）、花生四烯酸及血清ＣＫ、ＬＰＯ含量增高，Ｃ１６：０和ＧＳＮ－Ｐｘ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ－ＳＯＤ活力降低；补Ｓｅ和ＶＥ可使上述变化逆转。结果提示：膳食Ｓｅ和ＶＥ不足可能影响ＦＦＡ含量和组成的变化，参与亚硝酸钠引起的缺氧性心肌损害病理生理过程。     

Vitamin E, selenium and methionine supplementation of dystrophogenic diets for pigs

Forty-eight weanling S.P.F. Yorshire pigs were used to study the influence of supplemental vitamin E (25 IU per kg of diet) selenium (0.5 ppm in diet) and methionine (0.1% in diet) on the incidence of hepatosis dietetica and mulberry heart disease when fed a torula yeast-corn diet. Vitamin E and/or selenium increased pig survival. Supplemental selenium resulted in increased liver selenium concentrations. No hepatosis dietetica was observed in any of the pigs. The addition of vitamin E and/or selenium at the levels used did not reduce the frequency of myocardial lesions; however, they prevented skeletal muscular dystrophy and exudative diathesis. The myocardial lesions were less severe in supplemented pigs compared with unsupplemented controls.     

维生素E加硒对防治动脉粥样硬化作用的实验研究

目的:探讨维生素E(VE)加硒(Se)对家兔动脉粥样硬化(AS)的防治作用。方法:用高脂饲料诱导家兔形成AS,在致AS同时和致AS后分别通过口服途径补充VE和Se,通过对兔毛周围动脉、心肌Se含量及周围动脉、冠状动脉粥样硬化指数(AI)的检测与分析,系统、深入地探讨了VE和Se对AS的防治作用。结果:①通过预防和治疗途径口服补充硒可同等程度地提高兔毛、周围动脉、心肌中Se含量;②口服途径补充VE和Se可从程度上和数量上减少AS的形成,预防和治疗作用强度无差异,但AI值的减少无统计意义;③兔毛、周围动脉、心肌Se含量与AI值无相关性。结论:VE加Se有一定的抗AS作用,治疗和预防作用强度无差异。     

Damage to Hepatic Thyroxine5‘—Deiodination Induced by Pathogenic Factors ofKeshan Disease and the Preventive Effects of Selenium and itaminE

Experiments were performed to investigate the change of hepatic T4 5'-deiodination and the preventive effects of selenium (Se) and vitamin E in rats fed grains from a Keshan disease (KD) endemic area. The results showed that consumption of the endemic grain for 8 weeks caused a significant reduction in hepatic T4 5'-monodeiodinase and glutathione peroxidase activities, and a marked enhancement of hepatic malondialdehyde content. These changes could be effectively prevented through Se or vitamin E supplementation to the diet. These observations confirm the reduced ability of hepatic T4 5'-deiodination induced by the pathogenic factors existing in the endemic grains, and the preventive effects of selenium and vitamin E on the alterations. The present study suggests that the reduction in hepatic T4 deiodination in these animals may be the consequence of hepatic damage owing to uncontrolled free radical metabolism, and that the relative deficiency of vitamin E, besides selenium deficiency, may also play a role in the pathogenesis of KD.     

克山病病区粮喂养大鼠肝脏组织化学及超微结构的改变—硒和维生素E的影响

本文观察了克山病病区粮喂养大鼠肝脏组织化学和超微结构的改变以及硒和维生素E的影响。病区粮组动物肝组织在体外缺氧2h后,其琥珀酸脱氢酶和谷氨酸脱氢酸活性明显下降。病区粮组肝细胞线粒体出现肿胀、嵴溶解、髓样结构形成,粗面内质网发生崩解、断裂及核蛋白体的离散等改变。在病区粮饲料中分别加入0.1ppm硒和100ppm维生素E对克山病致病因素引起的上述改变均有很好的预防作用。     

大肠癌抗氧化体系的损伤

目的：探讨自由基与人体大肠癌的关系。方法：通过生物化学方法分别测定了大肠癌组织中超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）、过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）、谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－ Ｐｘ）的活性及脂质过氧化物丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）的含量、微量元素硒（Ｓｅ）的含量、维生素Ｅ的含量。同时采用患者正常粘膜为对照测定上述各项指标。结果：ＳＯＤ、ＣＡＴ、ＧＳＨ－ Ｐｘ 的活性在肿瘤组织中较正常粘膜显著降低（Ｐ＜ ０．０１, Ｐ＜ ０．０５,Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。ＭＤＡ、Ｓｅ 和维生素Ｅ 在肿瘤组织中较正常粘膜显著降低（Ｐ＜ ０．０１,０．０１＜ Ｐ＜ ０．０５,Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。结论：人类大肠癌的抗氧化酶系均有不同程度的损伤,脂质过氧化作用减弱,硒代谢异常,裂解类抗氧化剂也有损伤     

克山病病区粮喂养大鼠血清TSH和TH的变化及维生素E和硒的影响

用克山病病区粮及在其中补充维生素E和(或)硒喂饲大鼠,以非病区粮喂养的大鼠为对照,观察其血清中促甲状腺激素(TSH)和甲状腺激素(TH)的变化。结果表明,病区粮组大鼠血清中TSH水平明显高于非病区粮组大鼠,补充硒或VitE后,其血清中TSH仍处于高水平,但联合补充硒和VitE后其血清中TSH水平明显下降,恢复到了对照组大鼠的水平;各组间血清TH水平差异不大。提示我们,克山病病区粮喂养大鼠其垂体前叶分泌TSH细胞受到了影响,联合补充硒和VitE可以抵消病区粮致病因素的作用,进而表明硒和VitE的联合缺乏可能是克山病的基本病因。     

Effect of selenium supplementation on activity and mRNA expression of type 1 deiodinase in mice with excessive iodine intake

INTRODUCTION Previous studies[1] revealed that the relationship between the iodine intake level of a population and the occurrence of thyroid diseases is U-shaped. When insufficient dietary iodine is consumed, goiter usually develops, with occasional indu…     

Infleuce of dietary levels of vitamin E and selenium on tissue and blood parameters in pigs.

Eighteen barrows approximately three weeks of age were used in a 3 X 3 factorial arrangement to investigate the effect of level of supplemental vitamin E and selenium on tissue and blood parameters. Tissue selenium concentrations increased in a quadratic manner with increased selenium intake with kidney tissue containing considerably greater concentrations than liver, heart or muscle. Supplementation of the diet caused a three-fold increase in serum selenium within the first week with a slight tendency to further increases in subsequent weeks. Serum vitamin E of unsupplemented pigs declined by fifty percent during the experiment, whereas supplemental vitamin E resulted in increased serum vitamin E. There was a considerable viration in percent peroxide hemolysis. Correlation of -0.63 between percent peroxide hemolysis and vitamin E intake and -0.85 between percent peroxide hemolysis and serum vitamin E were observed.     

喂饲克山病病区粮对大鼠心肌与胰腺自由基清除系统的影响与意义

本文饲予大鼠以低硒的克山病病区粮及在病区粮中补充一定剂量硒或维生素Ｅ（ＶＥ），观察其对心肌与胰腺自由基清除系统的影响及某些机能代谢的变化。实验结果表明，低硒的病区粮可引起心肌与胰腺ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活力下降，ＬＰＯ含量升高，并伴有心肌磷酸激酶（ＣＫ）及α羟丁酸脱氢酶（α－ＨＢＤＨ）活性显著降低，胰腺组织内胰岛素及Ｃ肽的分泌贮备减少。提示病区粮中的致病因素可引起心、胰两脏器的双重损害。     

Dimethoate induced oxidative damage and histopathological changes in lung of adult rats: modulatory effects of selenium and/or vitamin E

Objective To determine the efficiency of selenium and/or vitamin E to alleviate lung oxidative damage induced by dimethoate,an organophosphorus compound.Methods Adult Wistar rats were exposed during 30 days either to dimethoate (0.2 g/L of drinking water),dimethoate+selenium (0.5 mg/kg of diet),dimethoate+vitamin E (100 mg/kg of diet),or dimet hoate+selenium+vitamin E.Results Exposure to dimethoate caused oxidative stress in lung evidenced by an increase of malondialdehyde,protein carbonyl groups and advanced oxidation protein products.An increase in glutathione peroxidase,superoxide dismutase,catalase and a decrease in acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activities,glutathione,non-protein thiols and vitamins C levels were observed.Histopathological changes in lung tissue were noted as emphysema,hemorrhages and hemosiderin deposits.Co-administration of selenium or vitamin E to the diet of dimethoate treated rats ameliorated the biochemical parameters as well as histological impairments.The joint effect of these elements was more powerful in antagonizing dimethoate-induced lung oxidative damage.Conclusion We concluded that selenium and vitamin E ameliorated the toxic effects of this pesticide in lung tissue suggesting their role as potential antioxidants.     

硒拮抗大鼠心肌缺血与再灌注期间自由基损伤机理的研究

目的 从基因表达水平探讨心肌缺血／再满足期间微量元素硒（Ｓｅ）拮抗自由基损伤的机理。方法 采用生化、原子吸收、ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ、基因测序等技术,分别对对照组、口服有机硒、无机硒等３组心肌缺血／再满足模型大鼠（每组２０只）于缺血前、缺血３０分钟、再灌注３０分钟时的心肌丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量、谷胱革肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）活性、Ｓｅ、Ｃａ＾２＋、Ｍｇ＾２＋等离子浓度、ＧＳＨ－ＰｘｍＲＮＡ水平及ＧＳＨ－Ｐ     

缓解期慢性阻塞性肺疾病和肺心病患者膳食调查分析

目的：探讨缓解期慢性阻塞性肺疾病（ＣＯＰＤ）和肺心病患者营养不良与膳食营养物质摄入的关系，以提出相应的饮食治疗和支持措施。方法：采用２４ｈ膳食回忆调查法对北京地区和唐山地区共１５６例缓解期ＣＯＰＤ和肺心病患者进行逐个入户调查。结果：热能和２６种营养素，如蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、钙、锌、硒、镁、铜、锰、钠、钾、铁、维生素Ａ、维生素Ｂ１、维生素Ｂ２、维生素Ｃ、维生素ＰＰ、维生素Ｅ和８种必需氨基酸（异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苯丙氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸、缬氨酸）的摄入量与每人每天营养素标准供给量比较，均有显著性差异（Ｐ＜００１），其中只有铁和维生素Ｅ摄入尚足。同时，蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物三大供热营养素的产热百分比也存在明显不合理。结论：对缓解期ＣＯＰＤ和肺心病患者进行正确的膳食指导和营养干预治疗是其综合治疗不可缺少的一个重要方面     

补充槲皮素对大鼠外周血抗氧化体系的影响

【目的】探讨饲料补充槲皮素对大鼠外周血抗氧化体系的影响。【方法】健康雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为和对照组和槲皮素组,槲皮素组饲料中添加0．5％槲皮素,喂养14d,实验结束时测定血清维生素C、维生素E、总抗氧化力（T-AOC）、丙二醛（MDA）及还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量。【结果】槲皮素组动物体重增长、摄入量与对照组无显著差别;血清T-AOC、维生素C和维生素E含量显著升高。【结论】槲皮素吸收后,可提高血清T-AOC,并具有节约维生素C和维生素E的作用。