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1.
R. Armamento-Villareal L. E. Aguirre C. Qualls Dennis T. Villareal 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2016,20(3):334-340
Objective
Obesity-associated hypogonadism is hypothesized to be due to the suppressive effect of high estradiol (from an increase in aromatase activity present in the abundant adipose tissue) on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal unit resulting in low testosterone production. Although weight loss has been found to be effective in reducing estradiol and raising testosterone levels in studies of younger men, its effect in frail, obese older men is understudied. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of lifestyle intervention on hormone levels in frail, obese older men.Design
Randomized controlled trial of lifestyle intervention in frail, obese older men (≥65 yo) for 1 year.Setting
University hospital.Methods
Forty frail, obese elderly men were randomized, for a 52-week study, to any of the following treatment groups: (1) control group, (2) diet-induced weight loss group (diet group), (3) exercise training group (exercise group), and (4) diet-induced weight loss and exercise training group (diet.exercise group). The objective was to achieve a ~10 % weight loss at 6 months and maintain this weight for an additional 6 months. Physical function was assessed by the modified physical performance testing (modified PPT). Estradiol was measured by radioimmunoassay, testosterone by automated immunoassay, and sex hormone-binding globulin by enzyme-linked immunoassay.Results
After 12 months of intervention, diet alone resulted in a weight loss of ?10.1 ± 1.9 kg in the diet group and ?9.1 ± 0.9 kg in the diet-exercise group. This resulted in a significant decrease (both p<0.05) in total estradiol compared to baseline among subjects in the diet (?2.5 ± 1.3 pg/ml) and diet-exercise group (?2.2 ± 4.0 pg/ml). Free estradiol index also significantly decreased (both p <0.05) in both the diet (?0.39 ± 0.14 pmol/nmol) and diet-exercise (?0.52 ± 0.12 pmol/nmol) group. Total testosterone significantly increased (p<0.05) in response to diet (71.0 ± 21.0 ng/dl) and diet-exercise (49.9 ± 15.5 pg/ml) resulting in values of 287.0 ± 28.1 ng/dl in the diet and 317.6 ± 33.1 ng/dl in the diet-exercise group. However, because there was a significant increase in sex hormone-binding globulin levels in both the diet and diet-exercise groups, free testosterone index and the changes in free testosterone index were not significant compared to baseline. Regardless of changes in hormonal levels, patients in the diet, exercise, and diet-exercise groups experienced significant improvements in the modified PPT from baseline.Conclusion
Weight loss from lifestyle intervention resulted in significant decreases in total and free estradiol levels in frail, obese older men, but this did not result in a clinically important increase in total testosterone nor a significant increase in free testosterone. Thus, alternative forms of treatment in addition to lifestyle intervention may be necessary to improve the hormonal profile among these patients. Nevertheless, whether further improvement in hormonal profile would result in better physical performance than what can be achieved by lifestyle alone in these subjects remains uncertain.2.
Anne O. Brady C. R. Straight M. D. Schmidt E. M. Evans 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2014,18(4):378-382
Objectives
To investigate the impact of body mass index (BMI) (normal weight, overweight, obese) on the relationship between muscle quality (MQ) and physical function in community-dwelling older women.Design
Cross-sectional study.Setting
University research laboratory.Participants
Community-dwelling older women (n = 94, 73.6 ± 5.4 y) stratified by BMI (normal weight: 20.0–24.9 kg/m2; overweight: 25.0–29.9 kg/m2; obese: ≥ 30.0 kg/m2).Measurements
Body mass index using height and weight, leg extension power via the Nottingham power rig, body composition using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and physical function (6-minute walk, 8-foot up-and-go, 30-second chair stand). Muscle quality was defined as leg power (watts) normalized for lower-body mineral-free lean mass (kg).Results
Following adjustments for covariates, muscle quality was significantly higher in women of normal BMI compared to overweight (10.0 ± 0.4 vs 8.7 ± 0.4 watts/kg, p = 0.03). Muscle quality was a significant predictor of performance on the 6-minute walk and 8-foot up-and-go in normal and overweight women (all p < 0.05) and performance on the 30-second chair stand in normal and obese women (both p < 0.05). Body mass index did not significantly impact the association between MQ and physical function (all p > 0.05).Conclusions
Muscle quality varies by BMI, yet the relationship to physical function is not significantly different across BMI groups. The results imply that interventions that increase MQ in older women may improve physical function, regardless of BMI. 相似文献3.
Julia Bollwein D. Volkert R. Diekmann M. J. Kaiser W. Uter K. Vidal C. C. Sieber J. M. Bauer 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2013,17(4):351-356
Objective
This study investigates the association between MNA results and frailty status in community-dwelling older adults. In addition the relevance of singular MNA items and subscores in this regard was tested.Design
Cross-sectional study.Setting
Community-dwelling older adults were recruited in the region of Nürnberg, Germany.Participants
206 volunteers aged 75 years or older without cognitive impairment (Mini Mental State Examination >24 points), 66.0% female.Measurements
Frailty was defined according to Fried et al. as presence of three, pre-frailty as presence of one or two of the following criteria: weight loss, exhaustion, low physical activity, low handgrip strength and slow walking speed. Malnutrition (<17 points) and the risk of malnutrition (17–23.5 points) were determined by MNA®.Results
15.1% of the participants were at risk of malnutrition, no participant was malnourished. 15.5 % were frail, 39.8% pre-frail and 44.7% non-frail. 46.9% of the frail, 12.2% of the pre-frail and 2.2% of the non-frail participants were at risk of malnutrition (p<0.001). Hence, 90% of those at risk of malnutrition were either pre-frail or frail. For the anthropometric, dietary, subjective and functional, but not for the general MNA subscore, frail participants scored significantly lower than pre-frail (p<0.01), and non-frail participants (p<0.01). Twelve of the 18 MNA items were also significantly associated with frailty (p<0.05).Conclusions
These results underline the close association between frailty syndrome and nutritional status in older persons. A profound understanding of the interdependency of these two geriatric concepts will represent the basis for successful treatment strategies. 相似文献4.
Elsa?S.?Strotmeyer M.?E.?Winger J.?A.?Cauley R.?M.?Boudreau D.?Cusick R.?F.?Collins D.?Chalhoub B.?Buehring E.?Orwoll T.?B.?Harris P.?Caserotti Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Research Group 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2018,22(10):1167-1175
Objective
To determine normative values for weight-bearing, countermovement leg extension (“jump”) tests in the oldest men and characteristics of those not completing vs. completing testsDesign
2014-16 cross-sectional exam.Setting
Six U.S. sites from the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study.Participants
Community-dwelling men (N=1,841) aged 84.5±4.2 (range: 77-101) years.Interventions
N/A.Measurements
Jump tests on a force plate measured lower-extremity muscle peak power/kg, velocity and force/kg at peak power, with normative values for 5-year age groups and by limitations in moderate-intensity activities of daily living (ADLs) and climbing several flights of stairs.Results
Jump completion was 68.9% (N=1,268/1,841) and 98% (1,242/1,268) had >1 analyzable trial/participant. Exclusions primarily were due to poor mobility and/or balance: 24.8% (456/1,841) prior to and 6.4% (N=117/1,841) after attempting testing. Peak power was 20.8±5.3 W/kg, with 1.2±0.3 m/s for velocity, and 16.7±1.9 N/kg for force at peak power. Each 5-year age group >80 years had subsequently 10% lower power/kg, with 30% lower power/kg at >90 vs. <80 years (all p<0.05). Velocity and force/kg at peak power were 24% and 9% lower respectively, at >90 vs. <80 years (all p<0.05). Limitations in both moderate ADLs and climbing several flights of stairs were associated with 16% lower age-adjusted power/kg, equivalent to 5–10 years of aging, with 11% and 6% lower age-adjusted velocity and force/ kg respectively, vs. those without limitation (all p<0.05). Men not completing vs. completing jumps had older age, higher BMI, lower physical activity, more comorbidities, worse cognition, more IADLs/ADLs and more falls in the past year (all p<0.05). Post-jump pain occurred in 4.6% (58/1,268), with 2 participants stopping testing due to pain. Only 24/1,242 (2%) had all trials/participant without flight (i.e., inability to lift feet), with 323/1,242 having ≥1 trial/participant without flight (total of 28%). No serious adverse safety events (e.g., injury) occurred.Conclusions
A multicenter cohort of oldest men with a range of function had higher declines in jump power/kg and velocity vs. force/kg across each 5-year age group >80 years. Future research should examine age- and functional-related declines in jump measures related to physical performance decline, falls, fractures, and disability.5.
A. E. Vieira Senger C. H. A. Schwanke I. Gomes Maria Gabriela Valle Gottlieb 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2012,16(9):738-742
Objective
To evaluate the effect of the consumption of green tea on components of MS in the elderly.Design
Intervention study.Setting
The sample was selected from the Geriatric Service of Hospital S?o Lucas of Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul.Participants
45 elderly with MS were enrolled and allocated into two groups: green tea group (GTG, n = 24), who drank green tea and control group (CG, n= 21) without intervention.Intervention
The GTG received sachets of 1.0 g of green tea, and should drink three cups per day for 60 days and the CG was instructed not to make changes in their lifestyle.Measurements
The diagnostic criteria for MS used were the International Diabetes Federation. The lipidic and glycemie profile, and anthropometric measurements were evaluated before and after intervention.Results
There was a statistically significant weight loss only in GTG [71.5±12.6 kg to 70.3±12.6 kg (p<0.001)]. A statistically significant decrease in BMI [?0.5±0.4 kg/m2 in GTG and ?0.2±0.6 kg/m2 in CG (P=0.032)] and waist circumference [?2.2±2.0 cm in GTG and ? 0.3±1.8 cm in CG (P=0.002)] were observed. The intake of green tea did not change the biochemical parameters.Conclusion
The consumption of green tea was effective in inducing weight loss, reducing BMI and waist circumference in the elderly with MS. 相似文献6.
Eleonora Poggiogalle C. Lubrano G. Sergi A. Coin L. Gnessi S. Mariani A. Lenzi L. M. Donini 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2016,20(9):958-963
Objectives
Recently metabolic aspects linked to sarcopenic obesity (SO) were investigated. Extant studies involved especially older people from Asian or White-mixed American cohorts. The aims of our study were: to explore the prevalence of sarcopenia in Caucasian adult obese subjects using two different indices of sarcopenia, and to investigate the relationship among SO, metabolic syndrome (MS), inflammation, and serum albumin concentrations.Design
Cross- sectional study.Subjects/methods
The study was performed from 2011 to 2014 in a hospitalized care setting. Inclusion criteria were: age>18 and <65 years, BMI=30 Kg/m2. Fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) were assessed by DXA. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM) was calculated. Sarcopenia was defined as ASMM/height2 or ASMM/weight <2SD than the sex-specific mean of a young population. The cutoffs were ASMM/h2<6.54 Kg/m2 for men and 4.82 Kg/m2 for women, and ASMM/weight<0.2827 for men and 0.2347 for women. ISI-Matsuda was calculated. MS was diagnosed (NCEP-ATPIII).Results
727 subjects (age: 45.72±13.56 years, BMI: 37.74±5.82 kg/m2) were enrolled. The prevalence of SO was 1.0% or 34.8% in men and 0.6% or 50.1% in women, using ASMM/height2 ratio or ASMM/weight. Subjects with SO based on ASMM/height2 were scarce, only data relying on ASMM/weight were considered. Subjects with SO had higher BMI, waist circumference, FM, and lower FFM and ASMM than nonsarcopenic obese individuals (all p<0.05). ISI-Matsuda was lower and hs-CRP levels were higher in subjects with SO (all p<0.05). MS was more prevalent in subjects with SO than nonsarcopenic obese subjects (47.6% vs 34.3%, p<0.001). ASMM/weight was decreased in subjects with MS (0.2522±0.0410 vs 0.2423±0.0352, p=0.001).Conclusion
SO is associated with MS and low- grade inflammation in adult Caucasian subjects. Metabolic profile evaluation should be recommended in subjects with SO.7.
Bastiaan C. de Vos Jos Runhaar Sita M. A. Bierma-Zeinstra 《European journal of nutrition》2014,53(1):95-104
Introduction
Weight loss interventions have been studied extensively, but methodological limitations negatively affecting applicability in everyday clinical practice are a very common problem in these studies. Despite the fact that obesity is treated mostly in a primary care setting, studies that investigate weight loss interventions in a primary care setting are scarce. Our objective was to assess the effectiveness of a tailor-made weight loss intervention in achieving a clinically significant weight loss in overweight (BMI ≥ 27 kg/m²) women aged 50–60 years in a primary care setting.Methods
As part of a randomized controlled trial on the effects of a tailor-made weight loss intervention and oral glucosamine sulphate on the incidence of osteoarthritis of the knee in 407 overweight women aged 50–60 years, we analysed the effectiveness of the weight loss intervention in achieving clinically relevant weight loss.Results
At baseline, the mean body weight for all participants was 88.7 ± 13.2 kg, and the mean BMI was 32.4 ± 4.3 kg/m². The percentage of participants that lost ≥5 kg or 5 % of their baseline body weight was 14.8 versus 6.3 % (p = 0.012) at 6 months for the intervention group and the control group, respectively. At 12 months, this was 18.7 versus 14.9 % (p = 0.027). Mean weight gain at 6 months was ?0.9 versus 0.9 kg (p < 0.001) for the intervention group and the control group, respectively. At 12 months, this was ?0.6 versus 0.6 kg (p = 0.01). At 30 months of follow-up, no significant differences were found between both groups.Conclusions
This weight loss intervention, which, at short notice, is easily applicable in everyday clinical practice, is effective in achieving clinically significant weight loss in overweight women aged 50–60 over a 12-month period. Long-term weight loss maintenance, however, occurred only marginally. Magnitude of the effect is comparable to that achieved in many other more intensive weight loss interventions. 相似文献8.
Masoud Isanejad J. Sirola J. Mursu H. Kröger M. Tuppurainen A. T. Erkkilä 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2017,21(6):622-630
Abstract
It has been hypothesized that high protein intakes are associated with lower bone mineral content (BMC). Previous studies yield conflicting results and thus far no studies have undertaken the interaction of body mass index (BMI) and physical activity with protein intakes in relation to BMC and bone mineral density (BMD).Objective
To evaluate the associations of dietary total protein (TP), animal protein (AP) and plant protein (PP) intakes with BMC and BMD and their changes. We tested also the interactions of protein intake with, obesity (BMI ≤30 vs. >30 kg/m2) and physical activity level (passive vs. active).Design/ Setting
Prospective cohort study (Osteoporosis Risk-Factor and Fracture-Prevention Study).Participants/measures
At the baseline, 554 women aged 65-72 years filled out a 3-day food record and a questionnaire covering data on lifestyle, physical activity, diseases, and medications. Intervention group received calcium 1000 mg/d and cholecalciferol 800 IU for 3 years. Control group received neither supplementation nor placebo. Bone density was measured at baseline and year 3, using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Multivariable regression analyses were conducted to examine the associations between protein intake and BMD and BMC.Results
In cross-sectional analyses energy-adjusted TP (P≤0·029) and AP (P≤0·045) but not PP (g/d) were negatively associated with femoral neck (FN) BMD and BMC. Women with TP≥1·2 g/kg/body weight (BW) (Ptrend≤0·009) had lower FN, lumbar spine (LS) and total BMD and BMC. In follow-up analysis, TP (g/kg/BW) was inversely associated with LS BMD and LS BMC. The detrimental associations were stronger in women with BMI<30 kg/m2. In active women, TP (g/kg/BW) was positively associated with LS BMD and FN BMC changes.Conclusions
This study suggests detrimental associations between protein intake and bone health. However, these negative associations maybe counteracted by BMI>30 kg/m2 and physical activity.9.
A. Meramat N. F. Rajab S. Shahar Razinah A. Sharif 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2017,21(5):539-545
Background
A cross sectional study was conducted in a group of 317 subjects older than 60 in Malaysia, aimed to determine risk factors associated with cognitive impairment in older adults, focusing on trace elements and DNA damage.Method
Cognitive decline was determined by Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde-MDA and superoxide dismutase-SOD) were determined and DNA damage was assayed using Alkaline Comet Assay. Toenail samples were taken and analyzed using ICP-MS to determine trace element levels.Results
A total of 62.1 % of subjects had cognitive impairment. Subjects with cognitive impairment had significantly higher levels of MDA and DNA damage as compared to the group with normal cognitive function; MDA (2.07 ± 0.05 nmol/L vs 1.85 ± 0.06 nmol/L) (p<0.05) and DNA damage (% Tail Density, 14.52 ± 0.32 vs 10.31 ± 0.42; Tail Moment, 1.79 ± 0.06 vs 1.28 ± 0.06) (p<0.05 for all parameters). However, the level of SOD among subjects with cognitive impairment (6.67 ± 0.33 u.e/min/mg protein) was lower than the level among those with normal cognitive functions (11.36 ± 0.65 u.e/min/mg protein) (p<0.05). Multiple logistic regression revealed the predictors for cognitive impairment among the subjects were DNA damage (Adjusted odd ratio [OR], 1.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18-1.59), level of trace elements in toenails namely, lead (OR, 2.471; CI, 1.535-3.980) and copper (OR, 1.275; CI, 1.047-1.552) (p<0.05).Conclusion
High levels of lead and copper can lead to increase in oxidative stress levels and are associated with DNA damage that eventually could be associated with cognitive decline.10.
Objectives
To investigate diet and nutrition-related factors associated with bone loss in a group of postmenopausal (PM) women. Nutritional intake, inflammatory markers and body composition (weight, body mass index, fat/lean mass) were analysed for associations with bone mineral density (BMD).Design
A cross sectional study examining correlations between BMD (Duel-energy X ray absorptiometry; (DXA) and dietary intake (3-day diaries), body composition and plasma bone and inflammatory markers: C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) and procollagen type I N propeptide (P1NP), C- reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 and 10 (IL-6, IL-10), tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and osteoprotegerin (OPG).Setting
Community dwelling women from the Auckland, Hawke’s Bay and Manawatu regions in New Zealand.Participants
142 healthy, PM women aged 50–70 years.Results
OPG (per kilogram fat mass) was increased in women with osteoporosis (p<0.001) compared to groups classified with normal BMD and osteopenia. Protein, vitamin B12, zinc, potassium and dairy intake were all positively correlated with higher BMD while dairy and potassium intakes also inversely correlated with CTX. Body composition (weight, BMI and fat/lean mass) had strong positive associations with BMD. Multiple regression analysis showed body weight, potassium and dairy intake were predictors of increased BMD in PM women and explained 39% (r2=0.39, p< 0.003) of variance.Conclusion
BMD was negatively correlated with OPG and positively with weight, dairy and potassium intake. This study highlights the importance of maintaining adequate body weight and emphasising dairy and potassium predominantly sourced from fruit/vegetables to reduce bone loss at midlife. 相似文献11.
12.
Objective
To examine the association of dietary protein intake with 4-year change in physical performance measures and muscle mass in Chinese community-dwelling older people aged 65 and older in Hong Kong.Design
Prospective cohort study design.Setting
Hong Kong, People’s of Republic of China.Participants
There were 2,726 (1411 male, 1315 female) community-dwelling older people aged 65 and older.Measurements
Baseline total, animal and vegetable protein intakes were collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Relative protein intake expressed as g/kg body weight was calculated and divided into quartiles for data analysis. Baseline and 4-year physical performance measures (normal and narrow 6-meters walking speed and step length in a 6-meters walk) were measured and 4-year change in appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) from baseline was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Univariate analysis identified age and sex as significant factors associated with change in physical performance measures or ASM, thus adjustments for these factors were made for subsequent analysis of covariance.Results
Median relative total protein intake was 1.3 g/kg body weight in men and 1.1 g/kg body weight in women. After adjustment for age and sex, relative total protein intake and animal protein intake were not associated with change in physical performance measures and ASM. In contrast, participants in the highest quartile (>0.72 g/kg body weight) of relative vegetable protein intake lost significantly less ASM over 4-year than those in the lowest quartile of relative vegetable protein intake (<=0.40 g/kg body weight) (adjusted mean ± SE: 0.270 ± 0.029 vs. 0.349 ± 0.030 kg, ptrend=0.025). There was no association between relative vegetable protein intake and change in physical performance measures.Conclusions
Higher protein intake from vegetable source was associated with reduced muscle loss in Chinese community-dwelling older people in Hong Kong whereas no association between total and animal protein intake and subsequent decline in muscle mass or physical performance measures was observed in this sample. 相似文献13.
Walter Verrusio P. Andreozzi M. L. Summa V. Marigliano N. Gueli M. Cacciafesta 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2014,18(4):449-450
Objectives
the possible therapeutic role of vitamin D in different kind of diseases explains the growing interest in this vitamin due to its pleiotropic effects. This short report shows preliminary results of prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in a group of patients and proposes a oral supplement therapy effective in correcting hypovitaminosis in a short time, without side effects.Methods
243 patients (aged 26–93; 67 males) were enrolled at this study. We evaluated plasma levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] with the following cut-off values: < 10ng/ml or <0–25 nmol/L (deficient), 10–30 ng/ml or 25–75nmol/L 30–50 (insufficient) and > 30 ng/ml or > 50 nmol/L (normal). The first 73 patients with hypovitaminosis D received at baseline 25,000 IU (Cholecalciferol) per os twice a month (Tp.A). The next patients (Tp.B) at baseline received a loading dose of 50,000 IU once a week for 8 weeks, followed by a maintenance dose of 25,000 IU twice a month.Results
hypovitaminosis D is a widespread condition (i.e. 82.3%) not only in elderly (75.6% of 75 patients aged <65 yrs and 86.5% of 168 subjects aged >65 yrs). Preliminary results at 6 months show that Tp.B is more effective in correcting hypovitaminosis D (baseline 14.4 ± 5.3 ng/ml; 24 wk 43.3 ± 14.7 ng/ml; p<0.0001).Conclusion
hypovitaminosis D is an important public health problem. We believe it is important to quickly achieve normal Vit. D plasma values in order to produce pleiotropic effects. 相似文献14.
Sylvie Mazière P. Couturier G. Gavazzi 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2013,17(10):903-907
Objective
To assess the role of functional status as a risk factor for nosocomial infections in the elderly.Design
Prospective study.Setting
Acute care for elders units of university hospital of Grenoble.Participant
All patients over 75 years old consecutively hospitalized between January and April 2007.Measurement
The main judgement criteria was the rate of nosocomial infection during the hospital stay, defined according to the French technical comity against nosocomial infections. Other data included functional status at baseline and admission (Katz’ ADL), usual risk factors for nosocomial infections, demographic and geriatric assessment data.Results
The study included 223 patients. The mean age was 86.7±6.5 years. A nosocomial infection was diagnosed for 17.0% of the patients. In univariate analysis, the number of medicines, pressure sore, pneumonia diagnosis, illness severity, indwelling bladder catheter, IADL at baseline, and all disability parameters (ADL at baseline, ADL at admission, recent functional decline) were significantly associated with nosocomial infection (p<0.05). In multivariate analysis considering functional status at admission, indwelling bladder catheter (OR=4.43), severe disability at admission (OR=4.42) and illness severity (OR=2.68) were independently associated with nosocomial infection (p<0.05). In a second analysis considering functional status at baseline, only disability at baseline was independently associated with the onset of a nosocomial infection (OR=2.21).Conclusion
Our results suggest a significant impact of functional impairment on the incidence of nosocomial infections in hospitalized elderly population. Disability is a higher risk factor for nosocomial infections than the usual and well-known other parameters. Larger prospective studies are needed to examine the power of this relationship. 相似文献15.
Amy E. Rothberg Laura N. McEwen Andrew T. Kraftson Gina M. Neshewat Christine E. Fowler Charles F. Burant William H. Herman 《Quality of life research》2014,23(4):1371-1376
Purpose
To assess the impact of weight loss on health-related quality-of-life (HRQL), to describe the factors associated with improvements in HRQL after weight loss, and to assess the relationship between obesity as assessed by body mass index (BMI) and HRQL before and after weight loss.Methods
We studied 188 obese patients with BMI ≥ 32 kg/m2 with one or more comorbidities or ≥35 kg/m2. All patients had baseline and follow-up assessments of BMI and HRQL using the EuroQol (EQ-5D) and its visual analog scale (VAS) before and after 6 months of medical weight loss that employed very low-calorie diets, physical activity, and intensive behavioral counseling.Results
At baseline, age was 50 ± 8 years (mean ± SD), BMI was 40. 0 ± 5.0 kg/m2, EQ-5D-derived health utility score was 0.85 ± 0.13, and VAS-reported quality-of-life was 0.67 ± 0.18. At 6-month follow-up, BMI decreased by 7.0 ± 3.2 kg/m2, EQ-5D increased by 0.06 [interquartile range (IQR) 0.06–0.17], and VAS increased by 0.14 (IQR 0.04–0.23). In multivariate analyses, improvement in EQ-5D and VAS were associated with lower baseline BMI, greater reduction in BMI at follow-up, fewer baseline comorbidities, and lower baseline HRQL. For any given BMI category, EQ-5D and VAS tended to be higher at follow-up than at baseline.Conclusion
Measured improvements in HRQL between baseline and follow-up were greater than predicted by the reduction in BMI at follow-up. If investigators use cross-sectional data to estimate changes in HRQL as a function of BMI, they will underestimate the improvement in HRQL associated with weight loss and underestimate the cost-utility of interventions for obesity treatment. 相似文献16.
Yong Cai Guoqiang Xing Tian Shen Shuxian Zhang Jianyu Rao Rong Shi 《Lipids in health and disease》2017,16(1):251
Backgrounds
Recent experiments suggest that Citrus bergamia extracts could benefit people with dyslipidemia and obesity but this needs to be further validated.Methods
A total of 98 people age-matched older adults (65 years) with elevated blood lipids were enrolled to receive 12-week supplementation of a Citrus bergamia extracts-based formulation (CitriCholess)(n?=?48) and placebo (n?=?50).Results
No group differences were found in baseline bodyweight, body mass index (BMI), blood cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and glucose levels. CitriCholess supplementation resulted in lower levels than placebo in TG (1.83?±?0.92 vs. 1.95?±?1.34 mmol/L, P?=?0.612), TC (5.14?±?0.98 vs. 5.44?±?0.77 mmol/L, P?=?0.097), and LDL-C (3.13?±?0.74 vs. 3.43?±?0.62 mmol/L, P?=?0.032). Compared to placebo, CitriCholess also resulted in greater reductions in body weight (?0.604?±?0.939 vs. 0.06?±?0.74 kg, P?<?0.01), waist circumferences (?0.60?±?1.349 cm vs. -0.16?±?1.503 cm, P?<?0.01) and BMI (?0.207?±?0.357 vs. 0.025?±?0.274, P?<?0.01). Additionally, females had a significantly higher level of HDL-C than males. TC was significantly correlated with LDL-C, and to a less degree, with TG. TG was inversely correlated with HDL-C. Body weight and waist circumference were negatively correlated with HDL-C and positively correlated with glucose.Conclusion
12-week supplementation of CitriCholess could benefit lipid metabolism and weight management in old adults with dyslipidemia.17.
H. L. Hutchins-Wiese A. Kleppinger K. Annis E. Liva C. J. Lammi-Keefe H. A. Durham A. M. Kenny 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2013,17(1):76-80
Objectives
Identify relationships and evaluate effects of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) on frailty and physical performance. Design: Randomized, double blind pilot study.Setting
University General Clinical Research Center.Participants
126 postmenopausal women.Intervention
2 fish oil (1.2g eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA] and docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]) or 2 placebo (olive oil) capsules per day for 6 months. All participants received calcium and vitamin D supplements.Measurements
Fatty acid levels, frailty assessment, hand grip strength, 8 foot walk, body composition, medical history and co-morbidities, nutrient intake, and inflammatory biomarkers taken at baseline and 6 months.Results
At baseline, those with greater red blood cell (RBC) DHA and DHA/arachidonic acid (AA) presented with less frailty (r=?0.242, p=0.007 and r=?0.254, p=0.004, respectively). Fish oil supplementation resulted in higher RBC DHA and lower AA compared to baseline and placebo (p<0.001) and an improvement in walking speed compared to placebo (3.0±16 vs. ?3.5±14, p=0.038). A linear regression model included age, antioxidant intake (selenium and vitamin C), osteoarthritis, frailty phenotype, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). The model explained 13.6% of the variance in the change in walking speed. Change in DHA/AA (p=0.01) and TNFα (p=0.039), and selenium intake (p=0.031) had the greatest contribution to change in walking speed.Conclusion
Physical performance, measured by change in walking speed, was significantly affected by fish oil supplementation. Dietary intake of antioxidants (selenium and vitamin C) and changes in TNFα also contributed to change in walking speed suggesting LCPUFA may interact with antioxidants and inflammatory response to impact physical performance. 相似文献18.
Marcello Maggio F. Lauretani F. De Vita V. Butto C. Cattabiani S. Masoni E. Sutti G. Bondi E. Dall’Aglio S. Bandinelli A. Corsonello A. M. Abbatecola F. Lattanzio L. Ferrucci G. P. Ceda 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2014,18(4):420-423
Objectives
to investigate the effects of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) on the insulin-like-growth factor 1(IGF-1) system in the elderly.Design
cross-sectional.Setting
InCHIANTI study.Participants
938 older subjects (536 women, 402 men, mean age 75.7±7.4 years).Measurements
complete data on age, sex, BMI, liver function, medications, dietary intake, IGF-1, IGF-binding protein-1 and -3 (IGFBP-1, IGFBP-3).Results
Participants were categorized by PPI use, identifying 903 PPI non users and 35 users. After adjusting for age, male PPI users (107.0 ± 69.6 vs 127.1 ± 55.8, p<0.001) and female PPI users (87.6 ± 29.1 vs 107.6 ± 52.3, p=0.03) had lower IGF-1 levels than non-users. IGFBP-1 levels were similar in the two groups in both sexes. In whole population, after adjustment for age and sex, PPI users had lower IGF-1 levels 81.9 [61.1–113.8] than nonusers 110 [77.8–148.6], p=0.02. After further adjustment for BMI, albumin, liver function, C-reactive protein, Interleukin-6, number of medications, ACE-inhibitors use, caloric intake, protein intake, physical activity, glycemia, and IGFBP-1, the use of PPIs remained significantly and negatively associated with IGF-1 levels (β±SE=?19.60±9.83, p=0.045).Conclusion
Use of PPIs was independently and negatively associated with IGF-1 levels. 相似文献19.
M. V. C. Pisciottano S. S. Pinto V. L. Szejnfeld Charlles Heldan de Moura Castro 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2014,18(5):554-558
Background/Objectives
The association between muscle mass, strength and physical performance has been established in the elderly with co-morbidities. In this study, lean and fat mass, bone mineral density, knee extension and flexion strength and physical ability tests in healthy independent elderly women were investigated. Main determinants of lean mass, strength and physical ability were determined searching for predictors of healthy aging.Methods
A total of 100 healthy women aged ≥ 65 years considered independent and active were invited. Bone mass and body composition were assessed by DXA. The strength of the lower limb was assessed by isokinetic dynamometry, and physical ability was measured by: Timed Up and Go (TUG), Berg Balance Test (BBT) and Dynamic Gait Index (DGI).Results
Women were on average 70.8±4.92 years old, had BMI of 27.38±5.11 kg/m2 and fat mass of 26.96±9.62 kg or 40.65±8.06%. Total lean mass and appendicular lean mass (ALM) were 35.38±4.83 kg and 15.32±2.26 kg, respectively, while relative skeletal mass index (RSMI) was 6.51±0.77 kg/m2. Age did not correlate significantly with ALM. Age and ALM were the main determinants of the strength of the lower limb (p<0.001) while age and strength of the lower limb were significantly associated with the performance on the physical tests (p<0.001).Conclusion
Age has a negative impact on the strength and the physical performance in independent healthy women without co-morbidities. Physical ability tests are positively influenced by the strength of the lower limb. These relationships suggest that muscle strength should be the parameter to be prioritized when preparing for healthy aging. 相似文献20.
Tian Shen Guoqiang Xing Jingfen Zhu Shuxian Zhang Yong Cai Donghua Li Gang Xu Evan Xing Jianyu Rao Rong Shi 《Lipids in health and disease》2017,16(1):253