玉米赤霉烯酮对大鼠子宫内膜细胞增殖作用的影响

目的 研究玉米赤霉烯酮对去卵巢大鼠子宫内膜细胞的增殖作用影响.方法 将成年雌性大鼠去卵巢后,给予不同剂量的玉米赤霉烯酮(0.01mg/kg、0.05mg/kg和0.20mg/kg)连续3d,观察去卵巢大鼠子宫内膜细胞有丝分裂指数和嗜银染色颗粒数.结果 玉米赤霉烯酮低、中、高3个剂量组有丝分裂指数和嗜银染色颗粒数,均高于...     

硫丹对小鼠子宫内膜细胞的增殖作用

目的　研究硫丹对小鼠子宫内膜细胞的增殖作用。方法　将成年雌性小鼠去势后 ,给予不同剂量的硫丹0 5、1 5、3 0mg (kg·d)连续 5d ,观察子宫内膜细胞有丝分裂指数和嗜银染色颗粒数。结果　给硫丹低、中、高 3个剂量组有丝分裂指数的中位数分别为 3 0、3 5和 4 75 ,均高于阴性对照组 (2 0 ) ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 1) ,且有明显的剂量 效应关系。同时各组之间的嗜银染色颗粒数差异有显著性 (P <0 0 1) ,阴性对照组、硫丹低、中、高剂量组和阳性对照组的均值分别为 2 12、2 77、3 3 9、3 88、4 44 ,给硫丹的各剂量组都比阴性对照组高 ,并有明确的剂量 效应关系。结论　硫丹能促进子宫内膜细胞DNA的转录和复制 ,加速细胞的分裂和增殖 ,因此 ,推断它在小鼠体内可能具有雌激素样作用     

汞或镉及其联合应用对去卵巢大鼠的雌激素样作用

目的探讨HgCl2和CdCl2对去卵巢大鼠的雌激素样作用及不同剂量CdCl2对HgCl2雌激素样作用的影响。方法 SD大鼠行双侧去卵巢手术制备模型,按照分组,每天ip给予生理盐水(去卵巢模型对照组),雌二醇0.08mg·kg-1(阳性对照组),HgCl20.04,0.20和1.00mg·kg-1;CdCl20.08,0.40和2.00mg·kg-1;以及HgCl2+CdCl2(0.04+0.08),(0.04+0.40)和(0.04+2.00)mg·kg-1组,连续3d。观察子宫增重作用、子宫内膜细胞有丝分裂指数(MI)和嗜银染色(Ag-NORs)颗粒数。结果与去卵巢模型对照组相比,HgCl21.00mg·kg-1组和CdCl22.00mg·kg-1组均能显著诱导去卵巢大鼠子宫增殖(P<0.05);HgCl20.04mg·kg-1能够明显提高CdCl20.08和2.00mg·kg-1组子宫脏器系数(P<0.05)。HgCl2和CdCl2组MI随着染毒剂量的增加而递增,且呈剂量-效应关系,除CdCl20.08mg·kg-1组外,其余各组与去卵巢模型对照组相比较,MI均有明显差异(P<0.05);与去卵巢模型对照组相比,HgCl20.04mg·kg-1能够提高CdCl20.08,0.40和2.00mg·kg-1组MI(P<0.05);HgCl21.00mg·kg-1和CdCl22.00mg·kg-1大鼠子宫内膜Ag-NORs颗粒数明显增高(P<0.05),HgCl20.04mg·kg-1能够明显提高CdCl20.08和2.00mg·kg-1组Ag-NORs颗粒数(P<0.05)。结论 HgCl21.00mg·kg-1和CdCl22.00mg·kg-1单独应用具有雌激素样活性;HgCl20.04mg·kg-1与不具有雌激素样活性的CdCl20.08mg·kg-1和0.40mg·kg-1联合应用表现出雌激素样作用。     

子宫内膜腺癌与增殖症嗜银蛋白定量研究

本文采用Ｈｏｗｅｌｌ氏一步法，对２０例子宫内膜腺癌与１０例子宫内膜增殖症嗜银蛋白（ＡｇＮＯＲ）定量研究，作单纯计数、团块形及不规则形颗粒计数，结果ＡｇＮＯＲｓ均数（ｘ±ｓ），增殖症组（５．０６±０．６６、０．７１±０．４７、０．８１±０．４７），腺癌组（６．３５±０．８８、２．４５±０．９２、２．６２±１．１０），两组间均有显著意义（ｐ＜０．０１）。从颗粒计数、大小形状及分布位置等来判断子宫内膜的良恶性及肿瘤的分级有一定价值。但高分化腺癌与腺瘤型、非典型增生组，上述结果则无显著差异（ｐ＞０．０５），提示ＡｇＮＯＲ定量对两者的鉴别并非可靠，必须结合病理组织学形态、免疫组化ＣＥＡ和其它有关辅助研究手段，则更有价值。然而，研究结果却揭示了腺瘤型、非典型增生具有一定的恶变率，可用其检测此类癌前病变。     

氯化镉对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞功能的影响

氯化镉对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞功能的影响魏雪涛薛彬（北京医科大学卫生毒理学教研室，北京１０００８３）本研究以０．３，０．６，１．２ｍｇｋｇ－１体重ＣｄＣｌ２连续给小鼠ｉｇ１４ｄ，观察ＣｄＣｌ２对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞功能的影响．研究结果表明，在各剂量ＣｄＣｌ２作...     

吗啡对体外培养人子宫内膜细胞平滑肌细胞输卵管黏膜上皮细胞和绒毛滋养细胞影响的研究

目的研究吗啡对离体培养人子宫内膜细胞、子宫平滑肌细胞、输卵管黏膜上皮细胞和绒毛滋养细胞增殖的影响,以及该效应中雌激素受体(ER)及阿片受体(MOR)的变化。方法体外培养人子宫内膜细胞、子宫平滑肌细胞、输卵管黏膜细胞和绒毛膜滋养细胞,给予递减剂量吗啡(吗啡浓度为1×10-4,1×10-5,1×10-6,1×10-7mol/L),并设置纳洛酮(终浓度为1×10-5mol/L)干预组和对照组,观察细胞增殖效应,反转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)半定量测定ER mRNA和MOR mRNA的表达。结果子宫内膜、子宫平滑肌、输卵管黏膜及绒毛离体细胞培养,加入吗啡后通过生长曲线均表现出细胞增生降低,以24 h下降最为显著,吗啡干预组ER mRNA和MOR mRNA均下降,上述表现均存在剂量依赖效应;该作用在加入纳洛酮后会得到缓解。结论吗啡对离体培养子宫内膜细胞、子宫平滑肌细胞、输卵管黏膜细胞及绒毛膜滋养细胞存在直接损伤,表现为直接抑制细胞的增生与分化,该作用可能通过MOR,并下调ER表达发挥作用。     

氯化镉对体外培养SHE细胞毒性及微核的研究

氯化镉对体外培养ＳＨＥ细胞毒性及微核的研究吕中明，张伟，杨永年镉作为一种可疑致癌物，随着工业生产的迅猛发展，日益成为严重的环境污染和威胁人类健康的有害因素，由于它在环境中残留时间长，而且在体内有蓄积作用，所以自１９６７年Ｋｉｐｌｉｎｇ．Ｐｏｔｔｓ等人...     

二苯乙烯苷的雌激素样作用及其对性未成熟小鼠子宫ER表达的影响

目的:探讨二苯乙烯苷(TSG)的雌激素样作用,以及其对性未成熟小鼠子宫雌激素受体(ER)表达的影响。方法:将60只性未成熟雌性昆明种小鼠随机分为正常组,阳性对照组(戊酸雌二醇,0.18 mg/kg),TSG低、高剂量组(50、150 mg/kg),TSG低、高剂量+戊酸雌二醇组(剂量同单用组)。正常组小鼠灌胃等体积水,各给药组小鼠灌胃相应药物溶液0.2 mL/10 g,早晚各1次,连续5d。末次给药次日,测定并计算各组小鼠子宫指数和体质量增幅;采用酶联免疫吸附测定法检测其血清雌激素[雌二醇(E_2)、黄体生成素(LH)、卵泡雌激素(FSH)]含量;采用苏木精-伊红染色法观察其子宫组织形态学特征,并检测子宫管径和子宫内膜厚度;采用免疫组织化学染色法检测其子宫组织中ER(ER-α、ER-β)的表达水平。结果:正常组小鼠子宫肌层排列平行、紧密,子宫上皮呈单层柱状,ER-α、ER-β表达较少;各给药组小鼠子宫管径、内膜及上皮均不同程度地增大、增厚或增生,ER-α、ER-β表达有所变化。与正常组比较,各给药组小鼠子宫指数(阳性对照组、TSG高剂量组、TSG各剂量+戊酸雌二醇组)、体质量增幅(阳性对照组、TSG高剂量组、TSG低剂量+戊酸雌二醇组)、子宫管径及内膜厚度(阳性对照组、TSG低剂量组、TSG各剂量+戊酸雌二醇组)、ER-α的表达量(阳性对照组、TSG各剂量+戊酸雌二醇组)、ER-β的表达量(阳性对照组、TSG高剂量组+戊酸雌二醇联用组)均显著升高,血清LH(阳性对照组、TSG高剂量组)、FSH(TSG低剂量+戊酸雌二醇组)水平均显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01);TSG各剂量+戊酸雌二醇组小鼠子宫指数、子宫管径及内膜厚度、ER-α及ER-β的表达量以及TSG低剂量+戊酸雌二醇组小鼠体质量增幅、血清E_2含量均显著高于TSG同剂量单用组(P<0.05或P<0.01);TSG各剂量组小鼠子宫指数、子宫管径及内膜厚度、ER-α及ER-β的表达量,TSG各剂量+戊酸雌二醇组小鼠子宫管径、ER-β的表达量以及TSG低剂量组小鼠体质量增幅均显著低于阳性对照组,而TSG各剂量+戊酸雌二醇组小鼠血清LH水平均显著高于阳性对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:TSG可一定程度地增加性未成熟小鼠的子宫指数和体质量,并调节其体内雌激素水平,增加子宫管径及内膜厚度,上调子宫组织中ER的表达,具有一定的雌激素样作用。但这种作用弱于戊酸雌二醇,且两者联合使用可能会拮抗戊酸雌二醇的作用。     

核仁组成区嗜银蛋白染色在非霍奇金淋巴瘤骨髓涂片中的价值探讨

目的：探讨核仁组成区嗜银蛋白染色在非霍奇金淋巴瘤骨髓涂片中的价值。方法用经钟氏等报道[1]的双层滤纸垫染法对117例NHL骨髓涂片进行染色后检测,并另做17例大致正常骨髓片做对照。结果 NHL组、NHL晚期组二者的银染颗粒含量和银染颗粒阳性率均较正常对照组有显著性差异（两组P〈0.05）;NHL晚期组的银染颗粒含量和银染颗粒阳性率均较NHL早期组有显著性差异（两者P〈0.05）;而NHL早期组的银染颗粒含量和银染颗粒阳性率均与正常对照组无显著性差异（P均〉0.05）。结论 AgNOR染色在NHL骨髓涂片的诊断中具有较大的应用价值。     

替比夫定治疗前后乙型病毒性肝炎后肝硬化患者T淋巴细胞嗜银蛋白含量变化的研究

目的：通过对替比夫定治疗前后乙型病毒性肝炎后肝硬化患者肝脏功能评分、T淋巴细胞核仁形成区嗜银蛋白（AsNORs）的测定,探讨替比夫定治疗后乙型病毒性肝炎后肝硬化患者的肝功能状况及机体免疫功能的改变。方法：对50例乙型病毒性肝炎后肝硬化患者用替比夫定治疗前及治疗后6个月分别检测肝功能、AgNORs,从而比较使用替比夫定治疗前及治疗6个月后患者AgNORs含量以及Child—Push评分的改变。结果：在使用替比夫定治疗6个月后乙型病毒性肝炎后肝硬化患者肝脏Child—Pugh分级计分显著降低（P〈0．05）,而AgNORs显著升高（P〈0．05）。结论：替比夫定可明显抑制乙型肝炎病毒复制,改善乙型病毒性肝炎后肝硬化患者肝功能,缓解病情,患者在使用替比夫定治疗6个月后T淋巴细胞免疫活性得到明显改善。     

老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病不同病情分级对T淋巴细胞核仁区酸性非组蛋白的影响

目的 通过检测老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者外周血T淋巴细胞核仁区酸性非组蛋白的含量,探讨老年COPD患者不同病情分级对T淋巴细胞核仁区酸性非组蛋白的影响.方法 利用免疫图像分析系统、细胞培养、硝酸银染色等方法,对30例吸烟老年COPD稳定期患者和15例同年龄段吸烟健康体检者外周血T淋巴细胞核仁区酸性非组蛋白进行...     

氯化镍对小鼠睾丸影响的研究

氯化镍可引起小鼠精子数减少、活动能降低及畸形率增高。电镜下看到支持细胞受损严重,精原细胞、精母细胞、精细胞及精子亦均受到不同程度的损害。     

Lipid Peroxidation in Rats Subacutely Exposed to a Low Concentration of Aerosolized Cadmium Chloride

Abstract

Lipid peroxidation (LPO) was evaluated at 1, 5, 10, 15, and 45 days in the lungs, liver, and kidneys of rats exposed to a low concentration of aerosolized cadmium chloride (50 μg Cd/m³ as CdCl₂ MMAD 0.3 µm; σ_g - 1.3) during 4 h/day for 14 days. Results demonstrate that LPO was significantly increased in lung tissue 24 h aher the first exposure (178%; p ≤ .01), while activities of the antioxidant defense components, namely, glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR), and superoxide dis-mutase (SOD), were not affected. On the other hand, activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) was significantly increased at day 1. Subsequent exposures had no effect on lung LPO but produced significant changes in GR and G6PDH, while CPX and SOD remained unchanged. These various parameters were not significantly altered in liver and kidneys. The results reported in the present study demonstrate that LPO is an early response of the lung tissue following inhalation of low concentrations of CdCl₂ They also suggest that alterations of the antioxidant defense system are not responsible for the stimulation of the LPO reaction.     

Histopathology of Acute Toxic Response in Rats and Mice Exposed to Methyl Chloride by Inhalation

Histopathology of Acute Toxic Response in Rats and Mice Exposedto Methyl Chloride by Inhalation. Morgan, K.T., Swenberg, J.A.,Hamm, T.E., Jr., Wolkowski-Tyl, R. and Phelps, M. (1982). Fundam.Appl. Toxicol. 2:293-299. Both sexes of one strain of rat (F344),two strains of mice (C3H and C57BL/6) and the cross (B6C3F1)of these 2 strains of mice were exposed by inhalation to methylchloride for 6 hours per day for up to 12 days. Methyl chlorideconcentrations in air were 0, 500, 1000, or 2000 ppm for mice,and 0, 2000, 3500 or 5000 ppm for rats. All male B6C3F1 miceexposed to 2000 ppm were dead or moribund by day 2, and allmale and female mice in the remaining 2000 ppm groups were moribundby day 5. Prior to death many of these mice exhibited ataxia,and hematuria with the latter occurring mainly in females. Treatmentassociated lesions in mice included hepatocellular degenerationand necrosis, degeneration and necrosis of proximal convolutedtubules and/or basophilic tubules in the renal cortex, and focalareas of necrosis of the internal granular layer of the cerebellum.Brain lesions were most severe in female C57BL/6 mice, whilehepatocellular degeneration was most severe in male C57BL/6and B6C3F1 strains. Approximately 50% of the male and femalerats exposed to 5000 ppm were killed in extremis on day 5. Theprincipal clinical signs, which were confined to the 5000 and3500 ppm groups, included severe diarrhea, incoordination ofthe fore-limbs, and in a small number of animals, hind limbparalysis and convulsions. In rats, lesions were observed inthe liver, kidney and brain which resembled those seen in micebut were generally less severe. Lesions observed in tissuesexamined only in rats included vacuolar degeneration of thezona fasciculata of the adrenal glands and degenerative changesin the seminiferous tubules and epididymis. Rats appeared torespond in a similar manner to mice but were more resistantto methyl chloride toxicity. These findings demonstrate species,strain and sex differences in susceptibility to methyl chloride.     

β2-Microglobulin Levels in Serum and Urine of Cadmium Exposed Rabbits

Abstract: Male rabbits were exposed to cadmium during 16 weeks by subcutaneous injections of either 0.25 mg or 0.5 mg Cd as cadmium chloride per kg body weight 3 times per week. β₂-microglobulin (β₂-m) and creatinine in serum, cadmium in blood, as well as total protein, creatinine, β₂-m and cadmium in urine were determined before exposure and after 3 and 7 weeks of exposure. Measurements were also made at 19 weeks, 3 weeks after the last exposure. During exposure, there was a slight increase in the serum β₂-m/creatinine ratio among rabbits with the highest exposure, while no effect of the cadmium burden could be observed once exposure had ceased. Urinary excretion of β₂-m was related to urinary pH, which appeared to be the case also for excretion of total protein. In the high exposure group, a significant increase in urinary β₂-m excretion, indicative of renal tubular dysfunction was seen after 7 weeks of exposure. This was, however, not related to serum β₂-m levels. It was concluded that before renal damage has occurred even heavy cadmium exposure has very little influence on serum β₂-m levels.     

骨肉瘤中PCNA和AgNOR的表达与其预后关系的研究

目的:探讨骨肉瘤中增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)和银染核仁组成区(AgNOR)的表达及与其预后的关系。方法:选1998年1月～1999年1月骨肉瘤患者术后石蜡标本41例,分别采用S-P免疫组化法及Ploton一步银染法行PCNA及AgNOR染色。结果:PCNA指数与AgNOR计数呈正相关(P<0.05);恶性度高者的PCNA指数与AgNOR计数高于恶性度低者;<3年术后生存期者高于>3术后生存期者。结论:PCNA及AgNOR在骨肉瘤中表达具有明显的相关性,二者可作为一种新的对骨肉瘤预后估计的指标。