贲门腺癌切除患者预后的多因素COX模型分析：附736例报告

通过计算机ＣＯＸ多因素分析模型，利用累积生存率，对７３６例经手术切除，术后生存≥３个月的贲门腺癌资料进行预后研究。分析结果表明，在选取的３０个因素中，对预后影响最大的因素依次为：肿瘤最大直径２（ＯＲ＝１．９０）、手术性质（ＯＲ＝１．７２）、肿瘤浸润深度（ＯＲ＝１．６５）、贲门旁淋巴结转移（ＯＲ＝１．４２）、肿瘤最大直径１（ＯＲ＝１．４２）。性别和术前放射治疗对预后影响不大（Ｐ＞０．２）。本组资料３、５、１０年生存率分别为３２．２％、２０．２％和１２．２％。     

磁县居民食管癌危险因素病例对照研究

目的：探索食管癌发病危险因素。方法：选择河北磁县３５０例食管癌患者为病例组，对照组选取其同性别、年龄上下不超过５岁的邻居，进行１：１病例对照研究，采用统一调查表，由专业人员入户进行回顾性调查，所获资料用ＥｐｉＩｎｆｏｘ软件录入微机统计处理。结果：从２０个因素中筛选出９个有显著意义的国素，酸菜（ＯＲ＝３．４０）、咸菜（ＯＲ＝２．５９）、烫烫食（ＯＲ＝３．１１）、禽蛋（ＯＲ＝４．２２）、精神因素（ＯＲ     

重庆市妇女乳腺癌危险因素的病理对照研究

目的 研究女性乳腺癌的危险因素。方法 在重庆市进行了首次１：１流行病学病例对照研究。结果 多因素条件Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归分析显示了下列因素对乳腺癌的影响：女性初潮年龄（ＯＲ＝０．７９，９５％ＣＩ＝０．６７－０．９２），月经紊乱史（ＯＲ＝１．４７，９５％，ＣＩ＝１．０７－２．０２），高龄初产（ＯＲ＝１．５５，９５％ＣＩ＝１．２０－１．９８），乳腺良性疾病史（ＯＲ＝２．３３，９５％ＣＩ＝１．０２－５．     

河北省磁县食管癌危险因素病例对照研究

探索影响食管的发病因素。选河北磁县的食管癌现症患者３５０人为病例,其同性别,年龄上下不超过５岁的邻居为对照,进行１：１病例对照研究,使用统一调查表,进行回顾性入户调查,资料编码量化后录入微机,ＳＡＳ软件统计分析。结果中不文化程度ＯＲ＝０．３４９,饮茶ＯＲ＝０．８５４,家族史ＯＲ＝２．６９６,心理因素ＯＲ＝２．３０４,热烫饮食ＯＲ＝１．７７３,饮用自来水ＯＲ＝３．５８８,喜食硬食ＯＲ＝０．６５２,住     

核仁形成区相关嗜银蛋白与上皮细胞增殖

应用放射自显影和银染技术检测Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠食管和小肠上皮细胞增殖状态结果表明：食管底层细胞３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ标记率０．２１，ＡｇＮＯＲｓ数目１．７７，高于浅层细胞的０．０５和１．４０（Ｐ＜０．００５）。肠腺上皮细胞３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ标记率为０．７５，ＡｇＮＯＲｓ数目２．７７，高于绒毛上皮细胞的０．５０和２．０５（Ｐ＜０．００１）。３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ标记率和ＡｇＮＯＲｓ数目在底层细胞（ｒ＝０．８６）、浅层细胞（ｒ＝０．８８）、肠腺细胞（ｒ＝０．９１）和绒毛细胞（ｒ＝０．６７）均呈直线密切正相关。提示：上皮细胞中ＡｇＮＯＲｓ数目与ＤＮＡ合成同步增长；ＡｇＮＯＲＳ数目准确标示了不同增殖状态细胞群体，是反映细胞增殖水平的敏感指标。     

甲状腺切除术后甲状旁腺功能减退的发生情况及相关因素分析

目的：探讨甲状腺切除术后甲状旁腺功能减退的发生率及相关危险因素,为临床制定有效的预防干预措 施提供依据。方法：选取 ２０１９年 １月至 ２０２０年 １２月四川省遂宁市中心医院收治的 １４２例行甲状腺切除术患者作 为研究对象,收集手术前、后血清甲状旁腺素（ｐａｒａｔｈｙｒｏｉｄｈｏｒｍｏｎｅ,ＰＴＨ）水平值及其他临床资料,计算甲状旁腺功能 减退及低钙血症的发生率,进一步根据术后是否发生暂时性甲状旁腺功能减退分为病例组和对照组,采用单因素及 多因素 Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归模型分析甲状腺切除术后发生暂时性甲状旁腺功能减退的相关危险因素。结果：术后随访 ６个 月,发生甲状旁腺功能减退２８例（１９．７２％）,其中有５例（３．５２％）为永久性甲状旁腺功能减退、２３例（１６．２０％）为暂 时性甲状旁腺功能减退;出现低钙血症者有 ２２例,发生率为 １５．４９％（２２／１４２）。永久性和暂时性甲状旁腺功能减退 患者术前 ＰＴＨ、血钙值均处于正常值范围,在术后 ２４ｈ降至最低,术后 ６个月逐渐升高,时间主效应均有统计学意义 （均 Ｐ＜０．００１）。多因素 Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归分析显示：合并桥本氏甲状腺炎（ＯＲ＝３．３１３）、行甲状腺全切术（ＯＲ＝１．２８３）、 甲状旁腺误切（ＯＲ＝１．９３５）、肿瘤直径大小（ＯＲ＝２．０１６）、甲状腺恶性肿瘤（ＯＲ＝１．７２３）是甲状腺切除术后发生暂 时性甲状旁腺功能减退的独立危险因素（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：甲状旁腺功能减退是甲状腺切除术后常见并发症,发生率较高;合并桥本氏甲状腺炎、行甲状腺全切、甲状旁腺误切、肿瘤直径大小、甲状腺恶性肿瘤是甲状腺切除术后发 生暂时性甲状旁腺功能减退的独立危险因素。     

代谢酶基因多态性与胃癌的相关性分析

目的　探讨代谢酶细胞色素Ｐ４５０ ２Ｅ１（ＣＹＰ２Ｅ１）和谷胱甘肽转硫酶Ｍ１（ＧＳＴＭ１） 基因多态性与胃癌的关系。方法　应用聚合酶链反应和限制性片段长度多态性技术对胃癌高发区福建省长乐市原发性胃癌病例９１ 例和正常对照９４ 例进行ＣＹＰ２Ｅ１ 与ＧＳＴＭ１ 基因型检测和分析。结果　胃癌病例与对照的ＣＹＰ２Ｅ１ 等位基因Ｃ１ 和Ｃ２ 频率差异有显著性（χ２ ＝４．９１，Ｐ＜０ ．０５） 。ＧＳＴＭ１ 基因缺失率在胃癌组和对照组分别是６１．５％ 和４５．７％ ，ＧＳＴＭ１基因缺失与胃癌易感性有关（ＯＲ＝１．９０，９５％ 可信限＝ １．０１～３．５６） 。携带ＣＹＰ２Ｅ１ 的Ｃ２／Ｃ２ 基因和ＧＳＴＭ１ 缺失基因型者长期摄入鱼露可增加胃癌发生的危险。结论　代谢ＣＹＰ２Ｅ１ 和ＧＳＴＭ１ 基因多态可能与胃癌的发生有关。     

结直肠癌ＣＯＸ-２蛋白表达水平及其与临床关系的Ｍｅｔａ分析

目的　系统评价环氧化酶 ２（ＣＯＸ ２）在结直肠癌中表达水平及其与临床病理特征的关系。方法　计算机检索ＣｏｃｈｒａｎｅＬｉｂｒａｒｙ、ＰｕｂＭｅｄ、ＣＮＫＩ等数据库,按照纳入与排除标准选择研究文献,评价质量及提取资料后采用Ｓｔａｔａ１１.０软件对数据库进行系统评价。结果　共纳入１４项研究,其中结直肠癌患者１２００例,正常对照２７６例。Ｍｅｔａ分析结果显示：（１）ＣＯＸ-２在结直肠癌组及正常对照组中的表达差异有统计学意义（ＯＲ＝２４.４９,９５％ＣＩ＝１５.９５～３７.６０,Ｐ＝０.０００）;（２）ＣＯＸ-２表达水平与结直肠癌临床病理特征的关系为：男性与女性（ＯＲ＝１.７７,９５％ＣＩ＝０.７９～３.９４,Ｐ＝０.１６５）,年龄＜５０岁与≥５０岁（ＯＲ＝０.５２,９５％ＣＩ＝０.２４～１.１１,Ｐ＝０.０８９）,结肠癌与直肠癌（ＯＲ＝０.９８,９５％ＣＩ＝０.７０～１.３９,Ｐ＝０.９２４）,Ｔ１＋Ｔ２与Ｔ３＋Ｔ４（ＯＲ＝２.３７,９５％ＣＩ＝０.９６～５.８９,Ｐ＝０.０６３）,肿瘤直径≥５ｃｍ与＜５ｃｍ（ＯＲ＝３.０７,９５％ＣＩ＝１.９４～４.８６,Ｐ＝０.０００）,淋巴结转移与无淋巴结转移（ＯＲ＝３.０８,９５％ＣＩ＝１.７３～５.４８,Ｐ＝０.０００）,Ｄｕｋｅｓ分期中Ｃ＋Ｄ期与Ａ＋Ｂ期（ＯＲ＝３.０８,９５％ＣＩ＝１.２５～７.６１,Ｐ＝０.００２）,低分化与高、中分化（ＯＲ＝１.７０,９５％ＣＩ＝１.０６～２.７３,Ｐ＝０.０２７）。结论　ＣＯＸ-２在结直肠癌中表达增高,且其高表达增加了结直肠癌恶性行为发生的危险。     

RMI4评分、IOTA简易标准和GI-RADS分类用于鉴别卵巢良恶性肿块：一项对比分析

ｆＴｕｍｏｒＡｎａｌｙｓｉｓ,ＩＯＴＡ）简易标准及妇科影像报告与数据系统（ｇｙｎｅｃｏｌｏｇｉｃｉｍａｇｉｎｇｒｅｐｏｒｔｉｎｇａｎｄｄａｔａｓｙｓｔｅｍ, ＧＩ ＲＡＤＳ）鉴别诊断卵巢良恶性肿瘤的价值。方法：回顾分析对比经术后病理或最终临床随访证实的 ２９９例卵巢肿 瘤患者的超声图像特征,分别用 ＲＭＩ４、ＩＯＴＡ简易标准和 ＧＩ ＲＡＤＳ预测其肿块的良恶性,比较 ３种方法鉴别诊断卵 巢肿瘤的效能。结果：２９９例卵巢肿块中,良性肿瘤 １９１例,恶性肿瘤 １０８例。ＩＯＴＡ简易标准的敏感度与准确度均高 于 ＧＩ ＲＡＤＳ,差异有统计学意义（χ２＝５．８６０,Ｐ＝０．０１５;χ２＝７．６５０,Ｐ＝０．００６）,特异度、阳性预测值及阴性预测值的 差异则无统计学意义（χ２＝２．２７６,Ｐ＝０．１３１;χ２ ＝２．５９９,Ｐ＝０．１０７;χ２ ＝５．４６５,Ｐ＝０．０１９）;ＩＯＴＡ简易标准的敏感 度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及准确度均高于 ＲＭＩ４,差异有统计学意义（χ２ ＝２０．４１５,Ｐ＜０．０１７;χ２ ＝６．８４１,Ｐ＜ ０．０１７;χ２＝１６．８９７,Ｐ＜０．０１７;χ２＝２２．６４３,Ｐ＜０．０１７）,特异度的差异则无统计学意义（χ２ ＝４．７０２,Ｐ＝０．０３０）;ＧＩ ＲＡＤＳ的敏感度高于 ＲＭＩ４,差异有统计学意义（χ２＝５．９３９,Ｐ＝０．０１５）,特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及准确度的 差异均无统计学意义（χ２＝０．５１７,Ｐ＝０．４７２;χ２ ＝１．２２０,Ｐ＝０．２６９;χ２ ＝４．３３６,Ｐ＝０．０３７;χ２ ＝５．０５０,Ｐ＝０．０２５）。 结论：ＩＯＴＡ简易标准、ＧＩ ＲＡＤＳ与 ＲＭＩ４对鉴别卵巢良恶性肿块均有重要临床价值,其中 ＩＯＴＡ简易标准诊断效能最优。     

肝素、5-羟色胺和白介素-1对NIH/3T3成纤维细胞AgNORs影响的图像分析

应用核仁组成区相关蛋白银染技术（ＡｇＮＯＲｓ）结合图像分析观察了肝素、５－羟色胺和白介素质（ＩＬ－１）对体外培养的ＮＩＨ３Ｔ３成纤维细胞ＡｇＮＯＲｓ的影响。结果表明：（１）加入０．１－０．４ｍｇＬ浓度的肝素培养后第３天，成纤维细胞嗜银蛋白颗粒面积（Ａｇ－ａ）、积分光密度（Ａｇ－ｉｏｄ）和嗜银相关蛋白面积与核面积的百分比（Ａｇ－ａ／Ｎａ）均出现升高，其中以０．１０和０．２０ｍｇＬ浓度的肝素刺激作用最强，三个指标的均值分别为对照值的１．４７、１．５４和１．９４倍（Ｐ＜０．０１）；（２）加入不同浓度５－羟色胺后ＡｇＮＯＲｓ的三个参数呈现出类似的升高趋势，而以１．０和２．０×１０－６ｍｏｌＬ浓度的５羟色胺显示出较强的促进作用，成纤维细胞ＡｇＮＯＲｓ的三个指标相当于对照值的１．５３、１．５７和２．４２倍；（３）在所观察的ｌＬ－１四种浓度范围内，以１００和２００×１０３ｕＬ浓度的ｌＬ－１对成纤维细胞的促增殖作用最强，三个指标的均值分别为对照值的１．６０、１．８４和２．４２倍。     

海南省恶性淋巴瘤危险因素病例对照研究

[目的]探讨海南省恶性淋巴瘤发病的危险因素。[方法]调查156例经病理确诊的恶性淋巴瘤患者和106例同性别、年龄相差上下不超过5岁的健康人。数据采用条件Logistic回归单因素和多因素逐步同归分析。[结果]与恶性淋巴瘤发病相关的因素有：乙型肝炎病毒感染（OR=1．851，95％可信区间1．075～3．189），慢性炎症持续时间（OR=1．794，95％可信区间1．416～2．273），经济状况（OR=0．401，95％可信区间0．243～0．660）。[结论]乙型肝炎病毒感染及慢性炎症持续时间长可增加患恶性淋巴瘤的危险性；而经济状况好则为保护因素。     

Risk factors of breast cancer in north of Iran: a case-control in Mazandaran Province.

INTRODUCTION: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among Iranian women. This study aimed to determine risk factors for breast cancer in the north of Iran. METHOD: A matched case-control study was conducted in Mazandaran province of Iran in 2004 of 250 biopsy proven cases of breast cancer and 500 neighbor controls that were matched by age within a 3 year period. Statistical analysis was carried out using conditional logistic regression with the backward elimination method and crude and adjusted odds ratios with related 95% CIs were estimated with Stata 8.0 software RESULTS: Multivariate analysis showed that higher education (OR=4.70, 95%CI: 1.71-12.88), late menopause (OR=4.18, 95%CI: 2.54-6.88), history of induced abortion (OR=1.62, 95%CI: 1.13-2.31), positive first-degree family history of breast cancer (OR=3.14, 95%CI: 1.37-7.20), and BMI (OR=1.02, 95%CI: 1.01-1.03) were risk factors for breast cancer. Furthermore, having more episodes of full term pregnancy (OR=0.87, 95%CI: 0.80-0.95), longer duration of breast feeding (OR=0.993, 95%CI: 0.989-0.997) and parity more than 2 were shown to be protective factors. CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed the role of some modifiable determinants of breast cancer that can be focused by public health intervention in the northern community of Iran. Accordingly, the women who have one or more of the following risk factors should take the special attention to risk of breast cancer: obesity, being menopause, positive family history of breast cancer and history of induced abortion. The protective effect of longer duration of breast feeding should be encouraged too.     

磁县胃癌危险因素病例对照研究

 目的　探讨胃癌发病的危险因素。方法　选磁县肿瘤防治所登记的肿瘤发病资料中的370例胃癌患者做1∶1比例对照研究。结果　饮食软硬适中OR=0.54,常吃大蒜OR=0.725,10年前饮用山泉水OR=32.166,低体质指数OR=2.173,婚烟生活OR=2.673,10年前食用水果OR=0.538,10年前食用杂粮OR=0.691,精神创伤OR=11.891,有胃溃疡病史OR=39.262,做菜喜用煮OR=0.504,有浅表性胃炎OR=21.753。结论　过去饮用山泉水、低体质指数、婚姻生活不和谐、有精神创伤、有胃溃疡病史及浅表性胃炎病史为胃癌的危险因素;而饮食饮硬适中、食用大蒜、过去食用水果较多、过去食用杂粮较多及烹调喜用煮的方式为胃癌的保护因素。     

Case-control study of female thyroid cancer--menstrual, reproductive and hormonal factors.

A case-control study including 204 histologically verified female thyroid cancer patients and an equal number of hospital controls individually matched with cases by sex, age (+/- 2 years), place of residence and time of hospitalization was performed during the period 1996-2000. In the analysis of data, univariate and multivariate conditional logistic regression, methods were applied. According to multivariate analysis, out of hormonal, menstrual and reproductive characteristics, risk factors for thyroid cancer were spontaneous abortions (odds ratio: OR = 1.89, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03-3.50), oral contraceptives use (OR = 2.34, 95% CI = 1.31-4.18) and thyroid enlargement during pregnancy (OR = 16.44, 95% CI = 3.81-70.80). However, none of these three factors remained independently related to thyroid cancer after adjustment for other factors, which were significantly associated with thyroid cancer in the present study (history of residence in endemic goitre area, history of goitre or thyroid nodule, history of other endocrine diseases, radioactive iodine therapy, occupational exposure to various chemicals, family history of thyroid gland diseases and malignant tumours as well as intake of cruciferous vegetables and other vegetables, and consumption of smoked meat and cheese).     

Risk factors for the development of colorectal carcinoma: A case control study from South India

AIM: To study the association of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) with diet, smoking, alcohol, physical activity, body mass index, family history and diabetes. METHODS: All consecutive patients with CRC confirmed by histopathology diagnosis were included. Age (± 5 years) and gender matched controls were selected among the patients admitted in surgery ward for various conditions without any co-existing malignancy. Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was developed and validated after pretesting by investigator trained in data collection techniques. Cases and controls were interviewed ensuring privacy, in similar interview setting, with same duration of time for both cases and controls without any leading question. Biological variables like family history of CRC in first degree relatives, history of diabetes mellitus; behavioral factors like tobacco use both smoking and smokeless form, alcohol consumption and physical activity were recorded. Dietary details were recorded using a FFQ consisting 29 food items with seven categories. Analysis was done using appropriate statistical methods. RESULTS: Ninety-four histopathologically confirmed cases of CRC and equal number of age and gender matched controls treated over a period of two years were studied. Age distribution, mean age, male to female ratio, education level and socioeconomic status were similar in cases and controls. Intake of food items was categorized into tertile due to skewed distribution of subjects as per recommended cut off for consumption of food item. On univariate analysis red meat [OR = 7.4 (2.935-18.732)], egg [OR = 5.1 (2.26-11.36)], fish, fried food and oil consumption were found to be risk factors for CRC. On multivariate analysis red meat consumption of more than 2-3 times a month (OR = 5.4; 95%CI: 1.55-19.05) and egg consumption of more than 2-3 times a week (OR = 3.67; 95%CI: 1.23-9.35) were found to be independent risk factors for the development of CRC. CONCLUSION: Egg and red meat consumption found to be independent risk factors for CRC. Smoking, alcohol, physical activity and family history were not associated with increased risk.     

Never smokers and lung cancer risk: a case-control study of epidemiological factors

We performed an analysis of potential epidemiological risk factors for lung cancer using data from 280 cases and 242 hospital-based controls, all lifetime never smokers (those who had smoked <100 cigarettes in their lifetimes) and frequency matched on age, gender and ethnicity. The data on demographic characteristics, medical history of respiratory diseases (asthma, emphysema, pneumonia and hay fever), weight and height, family history, female characteristics and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and dust exposure were derived from personal interviews. We performed a logistic regression analysis of these variables adjusting for age, gender, ethnicity, income and years of education. Exposure to ETS (OR = 2.08, 95% CI [1.25-3.43]) and dusts (OR = 2.43, 95% CI [1.53-3.88]) were associated with significantly increased risk. In the analysis for joint effects, exposure to both ETS and dusts conferred a higher risk (OR = 3.25, 95% CI [1.58-6.70]) than exposure to either alone. Family history of any cancer with onset before age 50 in at least 1 first degree relative was a significant risk predictor (OR = 1.70, 95% CI [1.10-2.64]). Individuals with a self-reported physician-diagnosed history of hay fever, but not asthma, had a decreased lung cancer risk (OR = 0.57, 95% CI [0.35-0.92]). In the multivariate analysis, exposure to ETS and dusts, and family history of cancer with onset before age 50 were significant risk factors, while a history of hay fever (occurring without asthma) was significantly protective.     

Screen-detected prostate cancer and the insulin-like growth factor axis: results of a population-based case-control study

Higher circulating levels of IGF-I have been associated with increased risk of prostate and some other cancers. Most research on prostate cancer has been based on men with symptoms or identified following treatment of benign disease. However, increasing numbers of cancer cases are now detected in asymptomatic men following prostate-specific antigen (PSA) tests. We therefore used a population-based case-finding exercise using the PSA test to examine whether associations between the IGF axis and cancer risk were apparent in this population. A matched case-control study was conducted among 7,383 men (50-70 years) receiving a PSA test as part of a case-finding exercise. Assays of IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3 were performed on cases and 2 controls matched on age, recruitment center and calendar time. Analyses were based on 176 cases and 324 matched controls. The risk of prostate cancer increased across quartiles of IGF-I (highest vs. lowest quartile, OR = 2.34; 95% CI = 1.26-4.34; p(trend) = 0.02) and IGF-II (OR = 1.78; 95% CI = 0.94-3.15; p(trend) = 0.09). Controlling for smoking history and IGFBP-3 strengthened associations with cancer for both IGF-I (OR = 3.00; 95% CI = 1.50-6.01; p(trend) 0.005) and IGF-II (OR = 2.02; 95% CI = 1.07-3.84; p(trend) = 0.04) Associations between the IGFs and cancer risk were stronger for advanced cases. Our findings suggest that both IGF-I and IGF-II are associated with an increased risk of screen-detected prostate cancer.     

Familial cancer history and lung cancer risk in United States nonsmoking men and women.

The authors conducted a population-based case-control study of lung cancer in nonsmoking men and women in New York State from 1982 to 1984. Nonsmokers included both never smokers (45%) and former smokers who had quit at least 10 years before diagnosis/interview (55%). In-person interviews were completed for 437 lung cancer cases and 437 matched population controls. Cases and controls were asked to report on their family history of cancer, as well as smoking status of family members. Cases were significantly more likely than controls to report having a paternal history of any cancer [odds ratio (OR), 1.67] and aerodigestive tract cancers (OR, 2.78); a maternal history of breast cancer (OR, 2.00); a history of any cancer in brothers (OR, 1.58) and sisters (OR, 1.66); and a nearly significant excess of lung cancer (OR, 4.14; P = 0.07), aerodigestive tract cancer (OR, 3.50; P = 0.06), and breast cancer (OR, 2.07; P = 0.053) in sisters. The excess risk in relatives of cases as compared to relatives of controls also was evident in a cohort analysis of the relatives. These results support the hypothesis of a genetic susceptibility to various cancers in families with lung cancer in nonsmokers.     

Family history of cancer in children with acute leukemia, Hodgkin's lymphoma or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: the ESCALE study (SFCE)

The role of a family history of cancer in the etiology of childhood hematopoietic malignancies was investigated using the data from the ESCALE study. ESCALE, a population-based case-control study, was carried out in France over the period, 2003-2004. A total of 773 cases of acute leukemia (AL), 130 of Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), 163 of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and 1,681 population-based controls were included. The controls were randomly selected from the French population and were frequency matched with the cases on age and gender. Cancer history in first- and second-degree relatives was reported by the mothers in a structured telephone questionnaire that was the same for the cases and controls. Odds ratios (ORs) were estimated using an unconditional regression model taking into account the stratification variables and potential confounders. A family history of cancer was associated with an increased risk of HL (OR = 1.5 [1.0-2.2]) and NHL (OR = 1.8 [1.3-2.5]), but not AL (OR = 1.0 [0.9-1.2]). The ORs were higher when at least 2 relatives had a history of cancer or when 1 case occurred before age 46 years. Only HL was significantly associated with a family history of hematopoietic malignancies (OR = 2.0 [1.0-3.8]), mainly because of a significant association with a history of HL (OR = 5.4 [1.3-22]). In conclusion, the study findings support the hypothesis of familial susceptibility to childhood lymphoma, but do not suggest familial susceptibility to childhood AL.