定制假体髋关节置换姑息手术治疗股骨近段转移性肿瘤

目的观察定制假体髋关节置换姑息手术治疗股骨近段转移性肿瘤的方法及疗效。方法回顾性分析自2008-01—2017-12采用定制假体髋关节置换姑息手术治疗的4例(5侧)股骨近段转移性肿瘤,4例行双极人工股骨头置换术,1例行全髋关节置换术。术中彻底切除肿瘤病灶,适当保留股骨大粗隆肌肉附着区域的骨质,选择适当长度调节块,安装定制股骨假体,复位髋关节后用钢丝固定股骨大粗隆骨块于假体预留孔处。结果 1例乳腺癌骨转移患者术后21个月死亡,1例随访74个月,2例随访不满3年。所有患者术后生存期内生活质量明显改善,可独立进行日常活动,患者精神状态均较为良好。术后肿瘤患者生活质量QOL评分:良好3例,较好1例。术后髋关节功能评定结果:优2例,良1例,可1例。结论对于股骨近段转移性肿瘤,术前需充分评估病灶情况,定制合适的髋关节假体,术中彻底清除病灶联合定制假体髋关节置换,术后早期即可恢复患肢功能,可有效改善患者生存期生活质量。     

异体骨段复合人工股骨头置换治疗股骨近端骨转移癌

目的：总结股骨近端骨转移癌患者行异体骨段复合人工股骨头置换的手术效果。方法：13例患者术后平均随访11．5个月。结果：术后患者肢体功能改善,手术优良率为84．6％;术后骨不连、假体松动、围手术期死亡各发生1例。结论：异体骨段复合人工股骨头置换术利于软组织修复重建和肢体功能康复,术前需综合评价患者的全身条件及局部转移灶状况。     

定制人工假体置换治疗股骨近端骨肿瘤

目的评价定制人工假体置换治疗股骨近端骨肿瘤的疗效。方法对股骨近端骨肿瘤30例行瘤段切除、定制人工假体置换治疗。其中21例行加长柄双动性股骨头置换,9例行加长柄全髋置换。术后6个月功能评价采用MSTS 93评分。结果 30例均获随访,时间12～36个月。无感染、假体松动、假体脱位、假体周围骨折等并发症发生。术后6个月MSTS 93评分平均为(26.0±2.14)分;肢体功能:优15例,良12例,中3例,优良率为90%。2例于术后13、15个月死亡。结论定制人工假体置换是治疗股骨近端骨肿瘤的有效方法,术后髋关节功能良好。     

定制人工假体置换治疗骨肿瘤的临床分析

目的：对应用定制肿瘤型人工假体置换治疗恶性骨肿瘤的临床疗效进行分析。方法回顾性分析我科2009年5月-2013年2月收治的恶性骨肿瘤患者29例,男18例,女11例;年龄17-65岁,平均38.5岁,股骨上端5例,股骨远端14例,胫骨上端7例,股骨下端3例。所有患者均接受对肿瘤进行广泛切除或根治性切除,包括综合性治疗及定制型人工假体置换治疗,术后对患者进行定期随访,对治疗效果进行评价。结果置换后1年采用MSTS保肢评分系统对随访患者进行功能评价,显示股骨远端患者（15.5-28.0）分,平均23.5分;股骨上端0.5-29.0分,平均23.5分;胫骨近端10.5-29.0分,平均22.4分。其中优9例,良15例,中4例,差1例,优良率为82.7%。术后并发症发生率为10.0%。1例患者于术后7个月死亡,1例患者于术后18个月后肺转移死亡,1例在术后13个月时出现局部复发现象而截肢,1例在术后8个月时出现局部复发单纯行瘤体切除。在随访时,所有患者均未出现人工假体断裂、松动现象。结论在骨肿瘤患者采用人工假体置换术前、术后给予综合性治疗,在对肢体功能加以保留,与其他重建方法相比,具有肢体早期负重、功能恢复快、使用期长的优点,患者生活质量大幅提高,是骨肿瘤保肢治疗的较理想选择,值得在临床中推广。     

定制人工假体置换治疗近关节部位骨巨细胞瘤

目的评价定制人工假体置换治疗近关节部位骨巨细胞瘤的疗效。方法对近关节部位骨巨细胞瘤42例行瘤段切除、定制人工假体置换治疗。其中37例行旋转铰链型人工膝关节假体置换,3例行人工肱骨头置换,2例行加长柄双动性股骨头置换。结果 42例患者均获随访,时间12~96个月,无局部复发或远处转移。术后6个月MSTS评分为16~28(24.0±2.34)分,肢体功能优31例,良8例,中3例,优良率为92.8%。结论定制人工假体置换是治疗近关节部位骨巨细胞瘤的有效方法,能减少局部复发,提高临床效果。     

股骨近端骨肿瘤切除后特制人工假体置换

目的探讨股骨近端骨肿瘤切除后特制人工假体置换疗效。方法18例股骨近端骨肿瘤均采用瘤段切除、特制人工假体置换。结果18例均安全度过围手术期,4例于术后1年左右死亡。生存的14例关节获平均2年9个月随访,按Enneking肢体肌肉骨骼肿瘤外科治疗重建术后功能评估标准进行评估：4-5分10例,3分3例,1分1例。结论根据股骨近端肿瘤类型采用合理的肿瘤边缘完整切除手术,选择适当假体和治疗方式,能有效重建髋关节功能并达到保肢目的。     

股骨上段恶性骨肿瘤的手术治疗

目的探讨采用广泛切除及功能重建手术方法治疗股骨上段恶性骨肿瘤的临床疗效。方法回顾分析1987年1月-2007年12月手术治疗的62例股骨上段恶性骨肿瘤患者临床资料。男29例,女33例;年龄14～73岁,中位年龄35岁。原发性肿瘤41例,病程0.5～14.0个月,平均2.5个月;其中骨肉瘤16例,纤维肉瘤7例,软骨肉瘤6例,恶性纤维组织细胞瘤6例,间叶源性肉瘤4例,尤文肉瘤1例,血管肉瘤1例;按Enneking分期:ⅠB期3例,ⅡA期2例,ⅡB期35例,Ⅲ期1例。转移性肿瘤21例,其中16例有恶性肿瘤史;病程0.1～28.0个月,平均3.4个月。术中行根治性切除9例,广泛性切除39例,边缘性切除14例。39例行人工假体重建(假体组),14例行假体异体骨复合物(allograft-prostheticcomposite,APC)重建(APC组),8例截肢,1例最终行全股骨人工关节置换手术。结果术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合。26例因肿瘤远处转移死亡,术后生存16～56个月,平均28个月;36例生存患者随访时间28～221个月,平均64个月。原发性肿瘤术后局部复发率为4.88%(2/41)。术后假体组出现股骨头脱位2例,假体柄断裂1例,髋部疼痛3例,髋臼磨损3例,假体柄周围松动5例;APC组出现移植骨与宿主骨不愈合3例,髋臼磨损1例。末次随访时,假体组患肢按国际骨与软组织肿瘤协会(MSTS)功能评分为77.69%±6.50%,APC组为85.71%±7.45%,差异有统计学意义(P0.001)。结论股骨上段恶性骨肿瘤广泛切除后,可获得较好的局部控制;肿瘤切除后APC重建的患肢功能优于人工假体重建。     

人工假体置换治疗髋部恶性骨肿瘤

目的 探讨应用人工假体置换治疗髋部恶性骨肿瘤的手术方法和疗效。方法应用人工假体置换治疗髋关节部位恶性肿瘤14例．其中股骨上端假体置换12例．半骨盆假体置换2例。结果 获随访11例,随访时间14～86个月,平均44个月。股骨假体置换12例中失访3例,术后肿瘤局部复发1例,无假体松动、术后感染病例;前骨盆置换2例中．术后发生松动．髋关节脱位1例,术后感染1例。术后1年内死亡2例,2年内死亡3例．3年内死亡2例;余4例髋关节功能良好．其中3例能不借助拐杖行走,1例需扶拐行走。结论股骨近端恶性肿瘤,特别是转移瘤并发骨折．人工假体置换术可立刻恢复骨骼的连续性及关节功能,效果良好;髋臼部恶性肿瘤切除后人工假体置换并发症较多,临床应用需慎重。     

人工股骨头置换术治疗高龄股骨粗隆间不稳定型骨折临床观察

目的分析人工股骨头置换术治疗高龄股骨粗隆间不稳定型骨折患者的临床效果。方法对44例70岁以上高龄股骨粗隆间骨折患者实施骨水泥型人工股骨头假体置换术,观察治疗效果及随访情况。结果 44例均顺利完成置换手术,手术时间58~86 min,术中出血量210~450 m L,术后住院时间8~14 d。患者术后均获随访6~24个月。依据Harris髋部评分标准,术后髋关节功能优良率88.64%(39/44)。随访期间未发生假体松动、假体周围骨折、关节感染等并发症。结论对于高龄股骨粗隆间不稳定型骨折,实施人工股骨头置换术,创伤小,并发症少,能促进术后早期功能锻炼,提高术后功能恢复效果。     

股骨上段肿瘤切除后人工假体重建的临床研究

目的探讨肿瘤广泛切除后人工假体置换治疗股骨上段恶性肿瘤的疗效,总结并发症发生情况。方法1998年7月至2005年7月,对81例股骨上段骨肿瘤的患者行广泛切除后人工假体置换,肿瘤类型包括股骨近端转移癌30例,股骨近端原发恶性骨肿瘤39例,股骨上段周围原发恶性软组织肿瘤4例,股骨上段纤维异常增殖症3例,其他5例。9例患者使用了灭活肿瘤骨结合人工假体复合重建缺损,5例患者行异体骨人工关节复合体重建,其余67例患者均使用金属假体。术后功能评价采用MSTS93评分。结果30例骨转移癌患者中,因术后均转往相关肿瘤科室行放、化疗,随访率较低,局部复发率不详,但术后短期关节功能良好。76例（93．8％）患者术后半年MSTS93评分平均在25分以上。51例原发肿瘤患者术后随访1．5～7．0年,平均3．5年。1例患者出现髋脱位;2例患者出现假体迟发感染;2例患者出现假体松动;2例患者发生移植物与宿主骨接合处不愈合;2例患者出现髋臼磨损;3例患者出现髋部疼痛,行走困难;1例患者出现假体的下沉。5例患者在术后0．5～2．0年内发生了局部复发。结论股骨上段恶性骨肿瘤切除后应用人工假体重建骨缺损,并发症较少,可以早期进行康复训练,术后髋关节功能良好,可作为股骨上段恶性骨肿瘤切除后的首选重建方法。     

Horizontal platform supported hip replacement

The cementless horizontal platform supported femoral component for hip replacement was designed to provide physiologic stress loading of the proximal femur after hip replacement. The goal is to extend pain-free implant survival by reducing periprosthetic bone resorption and to provide improved hip function and many years of relief from hip pain. A total hip replacement using this prosthesis was done in 334 consecutive nonselective hips in 322 patients. The mean age of the patients at the time of total hip replacement was 69 years (range, 29-89 years). Thirty-two patients (34 hips) were lost to followup and 81 patients (83 hips) died less than 10 years postoperatively. The remaining 209 patients (217 hips) were followed up for a minimum of 10 years (maximum, 14 years). There were six revisions of the femoral prosthesis. Three (1.8%) were revised for loosening, two were revised for femoral fracture, and one was revised for unexplained pain. The rate of stem survival was 0.97 +/- 0.02 (mean and standard error). There were 209 (96%) hips with excellent or good results. Seven (3%) patients had osteolytic changes develop. Radiographic evidence of diminished bone density in the proximal femur was seen in 34 hips (16%). The clinical results are comparable with other reported results for cementless hip replacements at 10 years.     

Proximal femoral replacement for the treatment of periprosthetic fractures

BACKGROUND: A periprosthetic fracture around the femoral component is a rare but potentially problematic complication after total hip arthroplasty. Reconstruction can be challenging, especially when severe bone stock deficiency is encountered. Proximal femoral replacement is one method of treating the severely deficient proximal part of the femur. The present report describes the outcomes of revision total hip arthroplasty with use of a proximal femoral replacement in a cohort of patients who had a Vancouver type-B3 periprosthetic fracture. METHODS: With use of a computerized institutional database, all patients in whom a Vancouver type-B3 fracture (characterized by severe proximal bone deficiency and a loose femoral stem) had been treated with a proximal femoral replacement were identified. A modular femoral replacement with proximal porous coating had been used in all cases. The twenty-one patients who were identified had had a mean age of 78.3 years (range, fifty-two to ninety years) at the time of the index operation. The clinical and radiographic records of these patients were reviewed. RESULTS: At the time of the latest follow-up (mean, 3.2 years), all but one of the patients were able to walk and had minimal to no pain. Complications included persistent wound drainage that was treated with incision and drainage (two hips), dislocation (two hips), refracture of the femur distal to the stem (one hip), and acetabular cage failure (one hip). CONCLUSIONS: Despite a relatively high complication rate, we believe that proximal femoral replacement is a viable option for the treatment of periprosthetic fractures in older patients with severe bone deficiency. If a proximal femoral replacement is used, the stability of the hip must be tested diligently intraoperatively and a constrained acetabular liner should be utilized if instability is encountered. In order to enhance the bone stock, the proximal part of the femur, however poor in quality, should be retained for reapproximation onto the implant.     

全髋关节置换术治疗人工股骨头置换术后并发症的临床分析

目的：探讨人工股骨头置换术后全髋翻修及效果。方法：于2005年4月-2007年10月对43例股骨头置换术后并发疼痛、松动、中心型脱位患者行全髋关节翻修术。结果：随诊8月～2年,术后髅关节功能依据Harris评分法,优31例,良9例,可3例,优良率93．02％。结论：全髋关节翻修术是治疗人工股骨头置换术后并发疼痛、松动、脱位的有效方法,效果可靠。     

A modular femur-tibia reconstruction system

A 26 piece modular system for the reconstruction of the bones of the lower extremity from the femoral head to the distal third of the tibia is described. This modular system can be implanted without cement and allows for the intraoperative determination of the amount of resection necessary. The implant material is the well-known cast, Co-Cr-Mo alloy Vitallium. From 1982 to the end of 1985, 52 patients were treated with this cementless tumor endoprosthesis of the Kotz Modular Femur-Tibia Reconstruction System (KMFTR) at the University of Vienna, Department of Orthopedics. The locations of the tumors were: proximal femur (28), distal femur (17), and proximal tibia (7). In two cases a total femur was implanted and in another patient a total knee. Indications for the resection of the bone segments and joints concerned included primary bone tumors, metastases, and loosening of conventional endoprostheses and tumor resection endoprostheses. Twenty-one patients with an average follow up of 20.4 months and a minimum follow up of 1 year were evaluated according to Enneking's criteria. Eight patients had proximal femoral replacement. The results were excellent in two, good in five, and fair in one. Eleven patients had undergone replacement surgery in the knee joint area. The overall rating showed five excellent results, four good and two fair. One patient with a total femoral replacement had multiple bone metastases with polytopic pain and was no longer available for regular assessment. Another patient with a total knee replacement suffered a rupture of the patellar ligament after 10 months and had to be revised. Radiologically we have observed excellent bone incorporation of the prosthesis in 15 of 25 evaluated patients. Ten cases showed no changes in radiologic features as compared to the initial findings. These were patients with short follow up periods. Although complications did occur in these major surgical interventions, the final results were very satisfactory and the patients were subjectively content with the operation.     

生物型半髋置换术治疗老年股骨颈骨折

目的评价生物型半髋置换术治疗老年股骨颈骨折的临床效果。方法采用生物型半髋置换术治疗86例老年股骨颈骨折患者。结果手术时间40~60 min,术中出血量100~200 ml。86例均获得随访,时间3个月~4年。患者术后7~10 d扶双拐下地,2.5~3个月完全负重行走,髋关节功能接近伤前水平,生活恢复自理。术后1例早期行走痛,2例轻度跛行,1例假体周围骨折。髋关节功能Harris评分:优80例,良4例,可2例。结论生物型半髋置换术治疗老年股骨颈骨折具有手术快、出血少、风险小以及早期临床效果满意等优点。     

Proximal femoral osteotomy for the treatment of hip arthritis in young adults

Background : The outcome of proximal femoral osteotomy for hip arthritis in young adults performed at the Wellington Hospital (Wellington, New Zealand) was reviewed. Methods : Seventeen patients underwent 21 proximal femoral osteotomies for the treatment of hip arthritis at Wellington Hospital between 1992 and 1999. Thirteen patients (17 hips) were contacted and were able to complete a questionnaire form specific for hip pain and function. Results : There was a response rate of 76.5% (13 out of a possible 17 patients undergoing proximal femoral osteotomy) at a mean 3 years 4 months postoperatively. Of these, one patient has had a total hip joint replacement and one patient is currently on the waiting list for a total hip joint replacement. Three other patients (three hips) report moderate or severe hip pain. The remaining eight patients (12 hips) report having mild or no hip pain. Questionnaire results show a postoperative decrease in hip pain in most patients. Hip function as assessed by the questionnaire was essentially unchanged. Conclusions : Proximal femoral osteotomy is a satisfactory option for young patients with degenerative hip arthritis. The operation is only likely to be useful in the treatment of pain.     

Bony atrophy after mega total hip replacement for bone tumors: 11 cases followed for 3-15 years

We followed 11 patients 3-15 years after a cemented mega total hip replacement for a proximal femoral bone tumor. 7/8 survivors had good function and only occasional pain. 1 hip had been revised because of deep infection and in 1 case the cup had been exchanged because of aseptic loosening. 2 patients had been operated on because of local recurrence of the tumor. At follow-up, 1 patient had radiographic signs of loosening of the stem after 7 years. There was in 8 cases a pronounced athropy of the femoral cortical bone, not correlated to loosening of the stem.     

生物型双极人工股骨头置换治疗老年股骨颈骨折

目的 探讨生物型双极人工股骨头置换治疗老年股骨颈骨折的临床疗效.方法 采用生物型双极人工股骨头置换治疗60例老年股骨颈骨折患者.末次随访采用Harris评分标准评价髋关节功能.结果 患者均获得随访,时间6～12个月.手术时间38～62 min,术中出血量50～110 ml.手术切口均一期愈合.2例术后1周发生脑梗死,神...